Deficiency diseases are diseases that are caused by the lack of certain essential nutrients, especially vitamins and minerals, in one’s diet over a prolonged period of time. A balanced diet is extremely important for the overall good health of a person and an imbalanced diet may lead to the excess or insufficient intake of a certain nutrient. Insufficient intake of a particular nutrient can lead to a deficiency disease.

1. DEFICIENCY DISEASES

2. DEFICIENCY DISEASES
Deficiency diseases are diseases that are caused by the lack of certain
essential nutrients. A person may be getting enough food to eat, but sometimes the
food may not contain a particular nutrient. If this continues over a long period of
time, the person may suffer from its deficiency.

3. •A large number of people in the world are suffering from malnourished. They eat
much less than their bodies requires.
•If this continues for along period, they may suffer from malnutrition. As result of
malnutrition they suffer from many deficiency.

4. Deficiency of one or more nutrients can cause diseases or disorders in our
body. Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are
called deficiency diseases.

5. Types of deficiency diseases
1. Anemia 2. Asthma 3. Obesity 4. Scurvy 5. Diabetes
6. Rickets 7. Kwashiorkor 8. Beriberi 9. Night-blindness
10. Goitre 11. pellagra

6. •Deficiency due to carbohydrate: carbohydrates are the main
source of the energy. Deficiency of carbohydrates leads to body
Weakness and Asthma.

7. •Deficiency due to protein: Proteins are called body building of food. Lack of
protein deficiency causes the diseases like Kwashiorkor and Marasmus to small
children.
•If a person does not get enough proteins in his/her food for a long time, he/she
is likely to have stunted growth, swelling of face, discoloration of hair,
skin diseases and diarrhea.

8. Kwashirokar is caused in the of proteins and carbohydrates in the children.it
affects mainly after the breast feeding is stopped and results in improper
growth.
For this Kwashirokar the child gets swelling of legs, stomach and face also occur.
Sometimes the liver gets enlarged. It appear discoloration of hair and seen
patches on the skin.

9. Marasmus is caused due to deficiency of carbohydrates in food.
The deficiency of marasmus the skin gets dry and wrinkle. Mainly it affects to
children below the age of one year.

10. Deficiency due to Vitamins:
Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases. They also keep our eyes,
bones teeth and gums healthy.

11. Vitamins Diseases Symptoms
Vitamin A Night blindness Poor sight vision, Loss of night vision
Vitamin B1 Beriberi Nervousness, Paralysis, Weak muscles
Vitamin B3 pellagra Dementia, Diarrhea, And Dermatitis
Vitamin B5 Skin disorder Cracks around the mouth, Nervous break
down
Vitamin B12 Pernicious anemia Muscle and nerve paralysis, Extreme fatigue,
Dementia and Depression.
Vitamin C Scurvy Bleeding gums, Swelling of joints
Vitamin D Rickets Week bones, Decaying teeth
Vitamin E Heamorrhage Clothing of blood affected

12. Vitamins Diseases Symptoms
Vitamin A Night blindness Poor sight vision, Loss of night vision
Night blindness is caused mainly the deficiency of vitamin A in food causes
night blindness. A person who is suffering from night blindness cannot see
properly in dim light. It may lead to complete blindness also.

13. Vitamins Diseases Symptoms
Vitamin B3 pellagra Dementia, Diarrhea, And Dermatitis

14. Vitamins Diseases Symptoms
Vitamin B5 Skin disorder Cracks around the mouth, Nervous break down

15. Vitamins Diseases Symptoms
Vitamin B12 Pernicious anemia Muscle and nerve paralysis, Extreme fatigue,
Dementia and Depression.

16. Vitamins Diseases Symptoms
Vitamin C Scurvy Bleeding gums, Swelling of joints

17. Vitamins Diseases Symptoms
Vitamin D Rickets Week bones, Decaying teeth

18. Vitamins Diseases Symptoms
Vitamin E Heamorrhage Clothing of blood affected

19. Vitamins Diseases Symptoms
Vitamin K Heamorrhing Bursting tendency, internal bleeding

20. Deficiency due to Minerals: Minerals are required in small amounts in our body.
They are essential for proper growth of body and for maintaining good health.
Minerals Symptoms
Calcium Brittle bones, Excessive bleeding, Stunned growth.
Sodium Dehydration, Extreme body weakness.
Phosphorus Bad Bones and teeth, Body weakness.
Iron Anaemia
Iodine Goitre
Fluorine Dental decay
Potassium Muscle weakness, paralysis

21. When overall levels of calcium are low, the body can divert it from the bones,
making them brittle and prone to injury. It takes years for bones to lose their
density, and a calcium deficiency may take as long to cause serious problems.

23. Minerals Symptoms
Phosphorus Bad Bones and teeth, Body weakness.

24. Minerals Symptoms
Iron Anaemia : Anaemia is caused due to deficiency of iron in the body. It
decreases the level of hemoglobin in the blood. An aneamic persons
gets tired quickly, loss pale, loses appetite, has dark circles under
the eyes.

25. Minerals Symptoms
Iodine Goitre: Goiter is caused due to deficiency of iodine . it
effects the thyroid gland in the throat and swell up. It
also effects the physical and mental growth in children.

26. Minerals Symptoms
Potassium Muscle weakness, paralysis

27. •So we need to have a little of all kinds of food every day to get all the Nutrients
and roughage etc. This type of diet is called A balanced diet.
•A balanced diet should contains 50% carbohydrate, 35%fats, 12%protiens,
3% vitamins & minerals and sufficient amount of water.