The document discusses the deep ocean environment and its effects on humans. It describes conditions in the deep ocean, including temperatures of 2-4 degrees Celsius, pressures of 200-600 atm, low oxygen levels, and lack of light. It also discusses adaptations of deep ocean creatures and systems most affected in humans, like respiratory and circulatory. Equipment like ROVs and submarines are needed for humans to explore the deep ocean due to pressure and oxygen levels.

1. By: Alexa Murphy Deep Ocean

2. Definitions Homeostasis: The ability of the body’s systems to maintain a constant or balanced internal environment. Deep Ocean: Deep Ocean occurs when there is a rapid change in density separating the surface layer of ocean from the deep layer of ocean.

3. Deep Ocean Conditions Temperatures range from 2-4 degrees Celsius. Pressure Ranges from 200-600 atm “ Oxygen Poor” No light it present

4. Deep Ocean Creatures Adaptations : large eyes, bioluminescence, strong sense of smell, absence of swim bladder, expandable stomachs, absence of jaws, and color (for camouflage and protection from predators). Types of Creatures Include : Viper Fish, Angler Fish, Amphipods, Colossal Squid, etc

5. Humans in the Deep The record holding free diver dove 417ft deep. The deepest scuba diver has gone is 475ft. The British ship Challenger first found and surveyed deep waters in 1951

6. Affects on Humans Three most affected systems: - Respiratory - Circulatory - Nervous

7. Respiratory System Because there is almost no oxygen in the deep ocean, humans do not have the ability to breath on their own. Human Lungs are adapted to only about 1 atm, therefore they could not handle the pressure.

8. Circulatory If a person ascends too quickly Nitrogen (in the compressed air) can form bubbles in their blood. This can cause blocked blood flow.

9. Nervous Both Nitrogen and Oxygen can be toxic at high pressures. Inhaling too much can cause a person to seizure while under water.

10. Equipment Used ROVs (remote operated vehicles) are used to explore the deep. Submarines are also used for expeditions with humans, because they can handle the pressure. Humans: When diving need a wet suit to help maintain body temp. Also need an air tank to receive proper oxygen