The Philippine Trench is located east of the Philippine Islands and is over 10,000 meters deep, subjecting humans to pressures over 1,000 atmospheres. The three body systems most affected by the extreme pressure are the circulatory, respiratory, and digestive systems. The circulatory system experiences irregular blood flow and heart overload due to uneven pressure distribution. The respiratory system causes fatigue from resistance in breathing and pressure changes. Digestive issues like irregular peptic glands and taste/food changes result from muscle fatigue and stress. Special clothing and equipment like waterproof suits with leaded accessories and gas mixtures are needed to survive in these environments.

1. Extreme Environments : Deep Oceans by Christie Kay

2. Philippine Trench Located at 8° N and 126° E East of Philippine Islands 10,540 meters deep Galathea Deep has pressure of 1050 atmospheres

3. How humans are affected 3 body systems most affected Circulatory system Respiratory system Digestive system

4. Circulatory System Pressure distributed irregularly across the body Higher pressure at the legs, squeezes vessels Lack of blood flow Overloads the heart, irregular circulation pattern Possible overcooling of limbs

5. Respiratory System Differing water pressure causes fatigue of respiratory muscles Divers must cope with resistance in breathing apparatuses

6. Digestive System Muscle fatigue and emotional stress due to change in water pressure contibute to irregular function of peptic glands Changes in taste Different preferences to food

7. Clothing and Equipment Waterproof one-piece suit made of canvas and rubber Leaded boots Lead plates fastened to the chest Metal helmet with attached pipe to provide air supply To prevent decompression sickness: Steel diving suit Breathe mixture of 9 gases