December Test Study Slides
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This document provides information about artworks from the Italian Renaissance and Northern Renaissance in the 15th century. It summarizes key works such as Mantegna's Dead Christ which uses unusual coloring and bold foreshortening. It also describes Ambrogio Lorenzetti's Allegory of Good Government painting done in the hall of Siena depicting the security and thriving community of the ideal republic. Additionally, it mentions the Ghent Altarpiece by Jan van Eyck which uses extreme realism and detailed surfaces in the figures and backgrounds.
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ARTH 335 Week 4 Review Presentation
Gianlorenzo Bernini was an Italian artist born in 1598 who became one of the most accomplished sculptors and architects of the Baroque era. He was discovered as a child for his talent in sculpture and was brought to Rome to study under the patronage of a cardinal and the pope. Bernini went on to receive over 30 commissions from Pope Urban VIII and held several official positions, including Architect of St. Peter's Basilica at the age of 30. Some of his most famous works included the baldachin at St. Peter's, designs for St. Peter's Square, and sculptures such as The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa.
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Gianlorenzo Bernini was an Italian artist born in 1598 who became one of the most accomplished sculptors and architects of the Baroque era. As a young boy, his talent was recognized by the Pope who ensured he received the best education. He went on to receive over 30 commissions from Pope Urban VIII, including becoming the Architect of St. Peter's Basilica at age 30. Some of his most famous works included the baldachin in St. Peter's, sculptures like Ecstasy of St. Teresa, and redesigning St. Peter's square. He was the leading artist in 17th century Rome and made significant contributions to the city's architecture and art.
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The document summarizes the early Renaissance period in 15th century Italy. Key developments included intellectuals believing they lived in a new age and aiming to revive classical Greek and Roman culture through studying ancient texts. This led to a rebirth of classical learning, literature, and art. Political rulers like the Medicis and Gonzagas in cities like Florence and Mantua were important patrons of the arts. One example discussed is the competition held in Florence to design doors for the Baptistery, won by Ghiberti and helping establish Renaissance styles and techniques.
Italian Quattrocento
The document provides details on several 15th century Italian artworks and architects. It discusses Brunelleschi's dome of Florence Cathedral which used no centering devices and had an octagonal lantern. It also describes Michelozzo's Palazzo Medici in Florence which had three levels of stonework and established the modern bank facade. Finally, it summarizes Masaccio's Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden painting which featured monumental, sculptural figures and dramatically cast shadows.
Volterra basilica di s.michele arco etrusco e teatro romano
The Etruscan arch in Volterra dates back to the 4th-3rd centuries BC and depicts Etruscan deities, though it was incorporated into Roman structures later. The well-preserved Roman theater from the 1st century BC holds an annual festival. The Church of St. Michel was first mentioned in 987 and has a striped marble facade from the 13th century containing sculptures.
High renaissance in venice
1) The document discusses key artists and works of the High Renaissance in Venice such as Bellini's San Zaccaria Altarpiece and Giorgione's Tempest which featured dream-like settings.
2) It also covers Titian works like Venus of Urbino, known for its sensuous depiction of the female nude, and his Madonna of the Pesaro Family with an unusual asymmetric composition.
3) Veronese's Christ in the House of Levi is discussed, noting the chaotic composition and that it got him in trouble with the Inquisition for lacking spirituality.
Il duomo di siena gli interni
The cathedral has a marble floor with inlaid designs dating back to 1370 created by over 40 artists. It features two fonts and a dome decorated with statues. Notable works include Bernini's Chigi Chapel, paintings by Carlo Maratta, and a pulpit by Nicola Pisano featuring statues and biblical scenes. Other sights include tombs of a cardinal and bishop and a chapel with frescoes by Pinturicchio.
High Renaissance Post
The document provides an overview of several key works of High Renaissance art, including paintings, sculptures, and architecture. It describes Leonardo da Vinci's Virgin of the Rocks and Last Supper, noting symbolic elements. It discusses Michelangelo's David and his work on the Sistine Chapel ceiling and tomb of Giuliano de' Medici. It also summarizes Bramante's Tempietto and work on St. Peter's Basilica, as well as Raphael's School of Athens.
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Gianlorenzo Bernini was an Italian artist born in 1598 who became one of the most accomplished sculptors and architects of the Baroque era. He was discovered as a child for his talent in sculpture and was brought to Rome to study under the patronage of a cardinal and the pope. Bernini went on to receive over 30 commissions from Pope Urban VIII and held several official positions, including Architect of St. Peter's Basilica at the age of 30. Some of his most famous works included the baldachin at St. Peter's, designs for St. Peter's Square, and sculptures such as The Ecstasy of Saint Teresa.
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Gianlorenzo Bernini was an Italian artist born in 1598 who became one of the most accomplished sculptors and architects of the Baroque era. As a young boy, his talent was recognized by the Pope who ensured he received the best education. He went on to receive over 30 commissions from Pope Urban VIII, including becoming the Architect of St. Peter's Basilica at age 30. Some of his most famous works included the baldachin in St. Peter's, sculptures like Ecstasy of St. Teresa, and redesigning St. Peter's square. He was the leading artist in 17th century Rome and made significant contributions to the city's architecture and art.
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The document summarizes the early Renaissance period in 15th century Italy. Key developments included intellectuals believing they lived in a new age and aiming to revive classical Greek and Roman culture through studying ancient texts. This led to a rebirth of classical learning, literature, and art. Political rulers like the Medicis and Gonzagas in cities like Florence and Mantua were important patrons of the arts. One example discussed is the competition held in Florence to design doors for the Baptistery, won by Ghiberti and helping establish Renaissance styles and techniques.
Italian Quattrocento
The document provides details on several 15th century Italian artworks and architects. It discusses Brunelleschi's dome of Florence Cathedral which used no centering devices and had an octagonal lantern. It also describes Michelozzo's Palazzo Medici in Florence which had three levels of stonework and established the modern bank facade. Finally, it summarizes Masaccio's Expulsion of Adam and Eve from Eden painting which featured monumental, sculptural figures and dramatically cast shadows.
Volterra basilica di s.michele arco etrusco e teatro romano
The Etruscan arch in Volterra dates back to the 4th-3rd centuries BC and depicts Etruscan deities, though it was incorporated into Roman structures later. The well-preserved Roman theater from the 1st century BC holds an annual festival. The Church of St. Michel was first mentioned in 987 and has a striped marble facade from the 13th century containing sculptures.
High renaissance in venice
1) The document discusses key artists and works of the High Renaissance in Venice such as Bellini's San Zaccaria Altarpiece and Giorgione's Tempest which featured dream-like settings.
2) It also covers Titian works like Venus of Urbino, known for its sensuous depiction of the female nude, and his Madonna of the Pesaro Family with an unusual asymmetric composition.
3) Veronese's Christ in the House of Levi is discussed, noting the chaotic composition and that it got him in trouble with the Inquisition for lacking spirituality.
Il duomo di siena gli interni
The cathedral has a marble floor with inlaid designs dating back to 1370 created by over 40 artists. It features two fonts and a dome decorated with statues. Notable works include Bernini's Chigi Chapel, paintings by Carlo Maratta, and a pulpit by Nicola Pisano featuring statues and biblical scenes. Other sights include tombs of a cardinal and bishop and a chapel with frescoes by Pinturicchio.
High Renaissance Post
The document provides an overview of several key works of High Renaissance art, including paintings, sculptures, and architecture. It describes Leonardo da Vinci's Virgin of the Rocks and Last Supper, noting symbolic elements. It discusses Michelangelo's David and his work on the Sistine Chapel ceiling and tomb of Giuliano de' Medici. It also summarizes Bramante's Tempietto and work on St. Peter's Basilica, as well as Raphael's School of Athens.
Northern Renaissance
The document summarizes key aspects of several important works of Northern European art from the 16th century. It describes the Isenheim Altarpiece by Grünewald and its unflinching depiction of Christ's suffering, intended to help patients in a hospital dealing with gangrene and amputations identify with Christ. It also briefly outlines Altdorfer's Battle of Issus, focusing on its detailed depiction of the battle between Alexander the Great and Darius set against an Alpine landscape, as well as key works by Dürer including Adam and Eve, Knight, Death and the Devil, and Four Apostles. It then summarizes Holbein's Anamorphic portrait of the French Ambassadors,
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The guided tour summarizes key artworks in the Vatican Museum, including Bernini's Baldacchino in St. Peter's Basilica, Michelangelo's Pieta sculpture, his paintings on the Sistine Chapel ceiling including The Creation of Adam, Raphael's School of Athens fresco, and Bernini's colonnades in St. Peter's Square. The tour provides details on the artists, dates, mediums, meanings, and highlights what the narrator finds most impressive about each work.
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This document contains details and images of artworks in the Pinacoteca Vaticana museum, including Raphael's Transfiguration and details, Fra Angelico's Story of St. Nicholas triptych, Giotto's Stefaneschi Triptych depicting scenes from the lives of St. Peter and St. Paul, Raphael's Oddi Altarpiece and predella paintings, and his Madonna of Foligno. The text provides descriptions of the religious subjects, artistic techniques, and historical contexts of the prominent Renaissance works.
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This document discusses 15th century art in Northern Europe and Spain through analyzing various figures and artworks. It describes artworks like the Well of Moses sculpture by Claus Sluter that was commissioned for the Chartreuse de Champmol in France. It also examines important paintings by early northern Renaissance artists like Jan van Eyck, Rogier van der Weyden, Hugo van der Goes, and Hans Memling that advanced oil painting techniques and set new standards for realism, detail, and virtuosity in works like Van Eyck's Ghent Altarpiece and Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife. The document also notes history was increasingly depicted in illuminated manuscripts and early printed books through woodcut illustrations.
Gothic Sculpture
Gothic sculpture evolved from the Early Gothic period to the High Gothic period towards greater naturalism and accurate representation of the human form. Sculptures on Gothic cathedrals, which served as "Bibles for the poor", became more three-dimensional, showed a greater sense of the body beneath drapery, and had more realistic proportions and facial expressions. This naturalism was influenced by the rediscovery of classical learning at universities and a new interest in scientific observation and recorded reality.
A Self-Guided Angels & Demons Tour of Rome by FSM
A Self-Guided Angels & Demons Tour of Rome by Florencia San Martin Brück.
This self-guided Angels & Demons tour assumes that you’ve read the book, and so therefore don’t need elements of the story pointed out to you. All notes next to the pictures are from the book.
Four Altars of Science, representing the four elements of earth, air, fire and water, and a mysterious text from John Milton are the key clues that, once decoded, will enable you to
experience the Path of Illumination step by step.
From Santi’s earthly tomb with demon’s hole,
‘Cross Rome the mystic elements unfold.
The path of light is laid, the sacred test,
Let angels guide you on your lofty quest. (Chapter 55)
1. The Church of St. Maria del Popolo (EARTH)
2. St. Peter's Church and Square (AIR)
3. The Church of St. Maria della Vittoria (FIRE)
4. The Fountain of The Four Rivers at Piazza Navona (WATER)
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Early Christian art from 315-549 CE is represented in the document through mosaics and sculptures found in churches and catacombs in Rome and Ravenna, Italy. Key works mentioned include a colossal head of Constantine from 315-330 CE in Rome, 4th century representations of Jesus as the Good Shepherd and Jonah in the Catacombs of Rome, and 5th-6th century mosaics depicting biblical scenes like the Parting of Abraham and Lot in churches like Santa Maria Maggiore and Sant'Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna.
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Apah Test1
The document lists and provides brief descriptions of various artworks from Mesopotamian through Roman eras. It includes reconstructions, sculptures, paintings and architectural works. Key details mentioned are the Citadel of Sargon II, Assyrian reliefs of lions, Egyptian sculptures from Saqqara and of Akhenaten and Queen Tiye, Cycladic figures, Minoan frescoes of bull leaping, Greek sculptures like the Kritios Boy and Nike of Samothrace. For Roman art it outlines the Pont du Gard aqueduct, wall paintings from Pompeii including the Villa of Mysteries, and busts like the Head of a Roman Patrician. It also describes the Ara Pac
Unit 3: Aegean
- Heinrich Schliemann excavated sites in Turkey and Greece in the 1870s and uncovered fortified cities and palaces from the Bronze Age, including what is believed to be Troy and the palace of Mycenae.
- Arthur Evans uncovered the palace of Knossos on Crete in 1900 and named the civilization that built it the Minoans after the mythological King Minos who ruled there.
- The ancient Aegean cultures during the 2nd millennium BCE included the Cycladic culture on the islands, the Minoan culture of Crete, and the Mycenaean culture of mainland Greece. Art styles varied between these three areas and time periods.
Gootika Itaalias
The document describes the façade of Siena Cathedral. It was built in two stages, with the lower part begun in 1284 in Tuscan Gothic style. Giovanni Pisano worked on this until 1296. The upper part was resumed in 1376 under a new design inspired by Orvieto Cathedral. It features statues by Giovanni Pisano and others of prophets and apostles, though most are copies with the originals kept elsewhere. The central door dates to 1958 while the mosaics on the gables were made in Venice in 1878.
Exekias Kylix Jse
The document summarizes details about an ancient Greek painted pottery container called a pyxis from the 5th century BC. The pyxis, painted by the Penthesileia Painter, depicts a scene from Greek mythology showing the Judgment of Paris. The pyxis uses both the white-ground and red-figure painting techniques, and its decoration was fired to help preserve it, unlike many other funerary vessels of the time. The pyxis would have been used by its owner to hold precious jewelry or other small items.
Art history chap._20_a
The document summarizes 15th century art in Northern Europe and Spain, focusing on developments in oil painting, manuscript illumination, and altarpieces. Key points include: Jan van Eyck's Ghent Altarpiece used oil paints to create luminous colors and illusionistic depth; the Limbourg Brothers illuminated manuscripts with naturalistic details and new conceptions of space; Rogier van der Weyden depicted emotional religious scenes through compressed compositions and textures in oil paint.
Romanesque
The document discusses the Bayeux Tapestry from 1073-1083 AD, which depicts the Norman conquest of England in 1066 through 75 scenes embroidered on cloth. It was commissioned by Bishop Odo to record the events. The document also summarizes aspects of Romanesque architecture like Saint Sernin in Toulouse and its modular design, as well as key characteristics of Romanesque sculpture like those created by Gislebertus at Autun Cathedral between 1130-1150 AD.
Baroque Revision
The document provides an overview of Baroque art from the late 16th to 18th centuries in Europe and the Americas. It discusses the key characteristics of Baroque style, including dramatic lighting, asymmetry, and emphasis on emotion. Architecture evolved grand curved shapes and incorporated landscape elements. Sculpture aimed to be viewed from multiple angles and combined materials for light effects. Painting featured complicated compositions and rich colors to depict religious, mythological and portrait subjects. Important artists mentioned include Bernini, Borromini, Caravaggi, and Rubens.
Romanesque Writing Works
Romanesque art developed during the 11th-12th centuries along pilgrimage routes and trade routes in Europe. Key characteristics included large heavy churches with barrel or groin vaults to represent Jerusalem, and religious sculpture and paintings depicting salvation and damnation with elongated figures and distorted proportions. Major examples discussed are the cathedrals of Saint-Sernin in Toulouse with identical bays, Pisa with its arcade façade and campanile, Durham with early rib vaults, and sculptures by Gislebertus at Autun and Wiligelmo at Modena Cathedral.
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The document summarizes key aspects of several important works of Northern European art from the 16th century. It describes the Isenheim Altarpiece by Grünewald and its unflinching depiction of Christ's suffering, intended to help patients in a hospital dealing with gangrene and amputations identify with Christ. It also briefly outlines Altdorfer's Battle of Issus, focusing on its detailed depiction of the battle between Alexander the Great and Darius set against an Alpine landscape, as well as key works by Dürer including Adam and Eve, Knight, Death and the Devil, and Four Apostles. It then summarizes Holbein's Anamorphic portrait of the French Ambassadors,
Mod 3 Research Slideshow
The guided tour summarizes key artworks in the Vatican Museum, including Bernini's Baldacchino in St. Peter's Basilica, Michelangelo's Pieta sculpture, his paintings on the Sistine Chapel ceiling including The Creation of Adam, Raphael's School of Athens fresco, and Bernini's colonnades in St. Peter's Square. The tour provides details on the artists, dates, mediums, meanings, and highlights what the narrator finds most impressive about each work.
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This document contains details and images of artworks in the Pinacoteca Vaticana museum, including Raphael's Transfiguration and details, Fra Angelico's Story of St. Nicholas triptych, Giotto's Stefaneschi Triptych depicting scenes from the lives of St. Peter and St. Paul, Raphael's Oddi Altarpiece and predella paintings, and his Madonna of Foligno. The text provides descriptions of the religious subjects, artistic techniques, and historical contexts of the prominent Renaissance works.
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This document summarizes key developments in 14th century Italian art during the transition from Gothic to Renaissance styles. It discusses how the Renaissance emerged out of revived interest in classical Greco-Roman culture and humanism. Artists like Giotto introduced more naturalistic, observation-based styles and techniques like fresco that helped establish painting as a major art form. Works by artists including Duccio, Simone Martini, and the Lorenzetti brothers incorporated classical elements while depicting religious subjects in new, emotionally expressive ways.
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The document describes several Roman mosaics found in Tarente, Italy dating from the 2nd-3rd centuries AD. The mosaics depict a variety of motifs including lotus flowers, shields, hunting scenes related to the room's function, geometric patterns of lozenges and meanders, and facing griffins touching a krater. The mosaics were used to decorate the floors of homes and other buildings in the Roman city.
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This document provides an overview of 16th century art in Northern Europe and Spain during the Protestant Reformation. It discusses key events like the rise of Protestantism led by Martin Luther and the resulting Catholic Counter-Reformation. Important artists from this period like Durer, Cranach, Holbein and others are mentioned along with their works that explored religious and political ideas through imagery. Architecture from this time in countries like France, Germany and the Netherlands is also summarized.
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This document provides an overview of art in Northern Europe from 1400 to 1500. It examines how political power influenced art development in France and Flanders. Specific artists and their works are discussed, including the Limburg Brothers, Jan van Eyck, Robert Campin, Hugo van der Goes, Hans Memling, and Rogier van der Weyden. Illuminated manuscripts, altarpieces, portraits, and the integration of sacred and secular themes in art are covered. French royal court art and art in Germany are also briefly addressed. Overall, the document analyzes the variety of media, styles, and subject matter prevalent in Northern European art during this period.
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Petrarch was an Italian scholar considered the father of humanism. He was a major proponent of studying classical antiquity and defining the virtuous life. He invented the modern concept of the autonomous individual and helped popularize sonnets. The provided document discusses several influential figures and works in the early Renaissance in Italy and Northern Europe such as Giotto, Duccio, van Eyck, and Bosch. It focuses on the increasing realism and attention to detail in paintings during this period.
Chapter 20
This document discusses 15th century art in Northern Europe and Spain through analyzing various figures and artworks. It describes artworks like the Well of Moses sculpture by Claus Sluter that was commissioned for the Chartreuse de Champmol in France. It also examines important paintings by early northern Renaissance artists like Jan van Eyck, Rogier van der Weyden, Hugo van der Goes, and Hans Memling that advanced oil painting techniques and set new standards for realism, detail, and virtuosity in works like Van Eyck's Ghent Altarpiece and Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife. The document also notes history was increasingly depicted in illuminated manuscripts and early printed books through woodcut illustrations.
Gothic Sculpture
Gothic sculpture evolved from the Early Gothic period to the High Gothic period towards greater naturalism and accurate representation of the human form. Sculptures on Gothic cathedrals, which served as "Bibles for the poor", became more three-dimensional, showed a greater sense of the body beneath drapery, and had more realistic proportions and facial expressions. This naturalism was influenced by the rediscovery of classical learning at universities and a new interest in scientific observation and recorded reality.
A Self-Guided Angels & Demons Tour of Rome by FSM
A Self-Guided Angels & Demons Tour of Rome by Florencia San Martin Brück.
This self-guided Angels & Demons tour assumes that you’ve read the book, and so therefore don’t need elements of the story pointed out to you. All notes next to the pictures are from the book.
Four Altars of Science, representing the four elements of earth, air, fire and water, and a mysterious text from John Milton are the key clues that, once decoded, will enable you to
experience the Path of Illumination step by step.
From Santi’s earthly tomb with demon’s hole,
‘Cross Rome the mystic elements unfold.
The path of light is laid, the sacred test,
Let angels guide you on your lofty quest. (Chapter 55)
1. The Church of St. Maria del Popolo (EARTH)
2. St. Peter's Church and Square (AIR)
3. The Church of St. Maria della Vittoria (FIRE)
4. The Fountain of The Four Rivers at Piazza Navona (WATER)
7 early christian
Early Christian art from 315-549 CE is represented in the document through mosaics and sculptures found in churches and catacombs in Rome and Ravenna, Italy. Key works mentioned include a colossal head of Constantine from 315-330 CE in Rome, 4th century representations of Jesus as the Good Shepherd and Jonah in the Catacombs of Rome, and 5th-6th century mosaics depicting biblical scenes like the Parting of Abraham and Lot in churches like Santa Maria Maggiore and Sant'Apollinare Nuovo in Ravenna.
Italian Renaissance--Ch. 21
The document summarizes developments in 15th century Italian art during the Renaissance period. Key factors influencing art included the spread of humanism, patronage from wealthy families and courts, and advances in perspective technique. Artists like Brunelleschi, Ghiberti, Donatello, and Masaccio incorporated classical influences and greater realism while perfecting techniques like linear and atmospheric perspective. Their works demonstrated movement, accurate anatomy, and illusionistic space that came to characterize Renaissance art.
Apah Test1
The document lists and provides brief descriptions of various artworks from Mesopotamian through Roman eras. It includes reconstructions, sculptures, paintings and architectural works. Key details mentioned are the Citadel of Sargon II, Assyrian reliefs of lions, Egyptian sculptures from Saqqara and of Akhenaten and Queen Tiye, Cycladic figures, Minoan frescoes of bull leaping, Greek sculptures like the Kritios Boy and Nike of Samothrace. For Roman art it outlines the Pont du Gard aqueduct, wall paintings from Pompeii including the Villa of Mysteries, and busts like the Head of a Roman Patrician. It also describes the Ara Pac
Unit 3: Aegean
- Heinrich Schliemann excavated sites in Turkey and Greece in the 1870s and uncovered fortified cities and palaces from the Bronze Age, including what is believed to be Troy and the palace of Mycenae.
- Arthur Evans uncovered the palace of Knossos on Crete in 1900 and named the civilization that built it the Minoans after the mythological King Minos who ruled there.
- The ancient Aegean cultures during the 2nd millennium BCE included the Cycladic culture on the islands, the Minoan culture of Crete, and the Mycenaean culture of mainland Greece. Art styles varied between these three areas and time periods.
Gootika Itaalias
The document describes the façade of Siena Cathedral. It was built in two stages, with the lower part begun in 1284 in Tuscan Gothic style. Giovanni Pisano worked on this until 1296. The upper part was resumed in 1376 under a new design inspired by Orvieto Cathedral. It features statues by Giovanni Pisano and others of prophets and apostles, though most are copies with the originals kept elsewhere. The central door dates to 1958 while the mosaics on the gables were made in Venice in 1878.
Exekias Kylix Jse
The document summarizes details about an ancient Greek painted pottery container called a pyxis from the 5th century BC. The pyxis, painted by the Penthesileia Painter, depicts a scene from Greek mythology showing the Judgment of Paris. The pyxis uses both the white-ground and red-figure painting techniques, and its decoration was fired to help preserve it, unlike many other funerary vessels of the time. The pyxis would have been used by its owner to hold precious jewelry or other small items.
Art history chap._20_a
The document summarizes 15th century art in Northern Europe and Spain, focusing on developments in oil painting, manuscript illumination, and altarpieces. Key points include: Jan van Eyck's Ghent Altarpiece used oil paints to create luminous colors and illusionistic depth; the Limbourg Brothers illuminated manuscripts with naturalistic details and new conceptions of space; Rogier van der Weyden depicted emotional religious scenes through compressed compositions and textures in oil paint.
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Musei Vaticani_ Pinacoteca Vaticana, The Masterpieces
Musei Vaticani_ Pinacoteca Vaticana, The Masterpieces
Similar to December Test Study Slides
Romanesque
The document discusses the Bayeux Tapestry from 1073-1083 AD, which depicts the Norman conquest of England in 1066 through 75 scenes embroidered on cloth. It was commissioned by Bishop Odo to record the events. The document also summarizes aspects of Romanesque architecture like Saint Sernin in Toulouse and its modular design, as well as key characteristics of Romanesque sculpture like those created by Gislebertus at Autun Cathedral between 1130-1150 AD.
Baroque Revision
The document provides an overview of Baroque art from the late 16th to 18th centuries in Europe and the Americas. It discusses the key characteristics of Baroque style, including dramatic lighting, asymmetry, and emphasis on emotion. Architecture evolved grand curved shapes and incorporated landscape elements. Sculpture aimed to be viewed from multiple angles and combined materials for light effects. Painting featured complicated compositions and rich colors to depict religious, mythological and portrait subjects. Important artists mentioned include Bernini, Borromini, Caravaggi, and Rubens.
Romanesque Writing Works
Romanesque art developed during the 11th-12th centuries along pilgrimage routes and trade routes in Europe. Key characteristics included large heavy churches with barrel or groin vaults to represent Jerusalem, and religious sculpture and paintings depicting salvation and damnation with elongated figures and distorted proportions. Major examples discussed are the cathedrals of Saint-Sernin in Toulouse with identical bays, Pisa with its arcade façade and campanile, Durham with early rib vaults, and sculptures by Gislebertus at Autun and Wiligelmo at Modena Cathedral.
Unit 6. reformation & renaissance
The Renaissance began in 15th century Italy and spread across Europe, reviving principles of classical antiquity. Architects designed buildings with harmonious proportions inspired by ancient Greece and Rome, using elements like domes, columns, and pediments. The Renaissance style is exemplified in the architecture of figures like Brunelleschi, Bramante, and Palladio. Renaissance art featured ideals of beauty, realism, and humanism as seen in the works of artists like Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Botticelli. The movement had influences across different regions of Europe through various architectural styles and artists.
14thcenteuropresentation
The late 14th century in Europe saw immense hardship and instability due to factors like the Black Death plague, famine, and the Hundred Years War. This period known as the "Four Horsemen" devastated the population. However, the arts began to gradually flourish with the rise of the middle class who had more wealth and education. Artworks from this period like Giotto's paintings showed more realistic and natural figures, laying the foundations for developments in realism and humanism that would characterize the Renaissance. This late Gothic period is sometimes called the Proto-Renaissance, as it set the stage for the artistic transformations that would follow.
High Renaissance Post
The document provides biographical information on prominent figures of the Italian Renaissance such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, and describes some of their major works. It discusses Leonardo's Last Supper fresco in Milan and Mona Lisa. It outlines Michelangelo's fresco of the Sistine Chapel ceiling in Rome and his sculptures of David and Moses. It also summarizes Bramante's design of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome and Michelangelo's later work on the building's dome.
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The document provides details about Michelangelo's fresco The Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel. It describes Michelangelo's powerful depiction of Christ judging the souls of humanity, with figures being drawn up to heaven or plunged down to hell. The document also notes that Michelangelo included portraits of his contemporaries in the work and that he added self-portraits.
Renaissancefile2
The document provides details about Michelangelo's fresco The Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel. It describes Michelangelo's powerful depiction of Christ judging the souls of humanity, with figures being drawn up to heaven or plunged down to hell. The document also notes that Michelangelo included portraits of his contemporaries in the work and that he added self-portraits.
High Renaissance In Venice
1) The document discusses key artists and works of the High Renaissance in Venice such as Bellini's San Zaccaria Altarpiece and Giorgione's Tempest which featured dream-like settings.
2) It also covers Titian works like Venus of Urbino, known for its sensuous depiction of the female nude, and his Madonna of the Pesaro Family with an unusual asymmetric composition.
3) Veronese's Christ in the House of Levi is discussed, noting the chaotic composition and that it got him in trouble with the Inquisition for lacking spirituality.
Unit 6.Renacimiento y reforma.
The document provides an overview of cultural changes in Europe between 1450-1600, focusing on the Renaissance, Humanism, and Reformation movements. It discusses developments in philosophy (Humanism), art (Renaissance), and religion (Reformation). Key figures discussed include Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Botticelli, Luther, Calvin, Erasmus, and others. Architecture, sculpture, and painting of the Renaissance are described for Italy and Spain. The origins and spread of Protestant ideas with Martin Luther are also summarized.
Baroque In Italy
The document provides an overview of key aspects of Baroque art and architecture from the 17th century. It discusses prominent artists like Caravaggio, Bernini, and Borromini and their works. Their art was characterized by dramatic lighting effects, emotionally charged subjects, and blending multiple art forms. Baroque architecture also emphasized elaborate decoration, complex designs, and directing the viewers' gaze.
Unit 6. reformation & renaissance
The document summarizes key cultural changes in Europe between 1450-1600. The Renaissance led to a revival of classical ideas centered on humanism, individualism, and secularism. This was reflected in philosophy, art, architecture, and a questioning of religious authority. The Protestant Reformation began as a reaction against Catholic Church abuses and further fragmented religious unity. Martin Luther and John Calvin established new Protestant traditions, while the Council of Trento reinforced Catholic doctrine. The printing press accelerated the spread of new ideas.
Early Northern Post
The document summarizes and provides context for several 15th century Northern European artworks, including:
- Claus Sluter's Well of Moses fountain and hexagonal base with figures of prophets located originally at the Carthusian monastery of Champmol.
- The Limbourg Brothers' illuminated manuscript pages from Les Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry depicting months and seasonal scenes.
- Jan van Eyck's Ghent Altarpiece with exterior wings depicting salvation and interior panels including God the Father and scenes of Adam and Eve.
- Hugo van der Goes' Portinari Altarpiece painted for a Florentine church associated with a maternity hospital, depicting the
Medieval Art through American Art
This document provides an overview of chapters from an art history exam review covering various periods and regions. It summarizes key works and styles from Early Medieval art in Britain including the Sutton-Hoo burial site and illuminated manuscripts. Romanesque art is covered including churches like St. James of Compostela. Gothic art highlights cathedrals such as Chartres and stained glass windows. Early Renaissance art summarizes developments in Italy with masters like Giotto, Donatello, and Botticelli as well as Northern Europe with works by van Eyck and van der Weyden. The document concludes with a brief section on art of the Americas.
Earlymedievalart
Early Medieval art saw a decline of Roman influence as migratory peoples moved throughout Europe in the 7th century. Monasteries became centers of learning and production of illuminated manuscripts as the primary art form. Hiberno-Saxon art from Ireland and Britain featured intricate interlacing patterns and animal styles in manuscripts like the Book of Kells. Viking art expanded across Scandinavia, Britain, and France in the 8th-11th centuries through ship burials and rune stones. Carolingian art under Charlemagne revived classical Roman forms through architecture, sculpture, and manuscripts which influenced later Ottonian art.
Spanish Renaissance and El Greco
1. The Plateresque style of Spanish Renaissance architecture was highly decorative, resembling silversmith work, and was used prominently on the University of Salamanca facade and Seville Town Hall.
2. Classical style had less decoration and more Italian Renaissance influence, seen in the Palace of Charles V in Granada and the Cathedral of Granada.
3. The Herrerian style under Juan de Herrera featured undecorated, "naked" buildings like the Escorial monastery and palace complex near Madrid.
14thcenteuropresentation
This document discusses late medieval Europe in the 14th century following the Black Plague pandemic. It was a time of upheaval with famine, war, and plague wiping out almost half the population. However, the arts began to gradually flourish again with the rise of the middle class and growing interest in humanism and classical works. Notable artists mentioned include Giotto, whose more naturalistic and realistic style marked an important shift away from Byzantine traditions and laid the groundwork for the Renaissance in Italy.
Santa maria della sanità
The complex of Santa Maria of Health in Naples, Italy was built between 1602 and 1610. The dome was completed in 1613 and the bell tower was built between 1612 and 1614. Externally, the beautiful tiled dome is yellow and green. Internally, the church has a Greek cross design and raised presbytery. It contains many works of art from the 17th century located along the nave and side chapels. Below the presbytery is an entrance to an early Christian basilica.
Italy
This document provides information about various locations in Italy. It includes maps and descriptions of Rome's Colosseum and Roman Forum, as well as the Trevi Fountain, Piazza Navona, and Piazza di Spagna. It also summarizes key details about the Pantheon, Vatican City, Siena, Venice, and the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. The document contains illustrations and discusses important historical figures and sites associated with Italian culture, architecture, and art history.
Proto Renaissance Post
The document provides background information on two early Italian Renaissance artists, Cimabue and Giotto. It discusses Cimabue's role as a pioneer of naturalism in painting who began moving away from Byzantine styles. While few of Cimabue's works can be confirmed, tradition attributes several significant works to him. It then introduces Giotto as Cimabue's pupil who surpassed his master and is seen as the founder of Western painting, breaking from stylization through realistic depictions and a sense of space. Giotto had immense influence on later Florentine painting and inspired artists like Masaccio and Michelangelo.
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The document provides study slides for an exam on art from the Mannerism period through the 18th century, with one Renaissance piece included. It lists 24 works of art from 1519 to 1790, including paintings, sculptures, and architectural works. The slides cover major artists and styles from across Europe during this time period to help with exam preparation.
Mid termstudyslides13
The document provides an overview of important works of art from various periods and cultures, including:
- Assyrian reliefs from the 8th century BCE depicting human-headed winged bulls and King Ashurbanipal hunting lions.
- The Narmer Palette and Stela of King Naram Sin from ancient Mesopotamia between 3200-2800 BCE and 2200 BCE respectively.
- Hellenistic sculptures including the Nike of Samothrace commemorating a naval victory and the Augustus of Prima Porta statue from 1 CE.
- Early Christian art like the mosaics of San Vitale and statues from the 4th-6th centuries CE.
Romanesque & gothic study images
The document discusses Romanesque and Gothic architecture through examples like Santiago de Compostela and Salisbury Cathedral. It covers characteristics of English Gothic architecture like double transepts and fan vaulting. Specific structures are analyzed such as Saint-Denis Abbey, known for its stained glass and royal tombs. Gothic sculpture is examined for its increased naturalism, volumetric figures, and emphasis on drapery and spatial interaction between figures. Individual statues like the Naumburg Cathedral's Ekkehard and Uta are highlighted.
Islam middleagesquiz
The document provides information on various works of Islamic and medieval Christian art from the Middle Ages, including architectural features like the hypostyle hall and mihrab from the Great Mosque of Cordoba as well as illustrations of the Night Journey of Muhammad, the Ardabil Carpet, and the Plan of Saint Gall. Manuscript illuminations are showcased, such as pages from the Book of Kells, Lindisfarne Gospels, and LIndau Gospels. Additionally, the Sutton Hoo Purse Lid from an Anglo-Saxon ship burial and a bronze panel from Hildesheim cathedral are described.
Study images for ap art history
The document provides images and descriptions of important works of art from ancient civilizations including a stele from ancient Mesopotamia, an Assyrian lamassu figure, the Persepolis palace from Persia, and art from ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome. It also features wall paintings from Pompeii including scenes from the Villa of the Mysteries depicting Dionysiac mystery rites and the Ixion Room showing the myth of Ixion.
Metblog
The document describes an exhibition titled "Regarding Warhol: Sixty Artists, Fifty Years" that juxtaposes approximately 45 works by Andy Warhol with 100 works by 60 other artists. The exhibition explores Warhol's enormous impact on contemporary art by showing how other artists across generations have reinterpreted, responded to, or reacted to his groundbreaking work. A fascinating dialogue emerges when viewing works by Warhol alongside those by artists he influenced over the past 50 years.
Baroqueto19th
This document contains a list of 18 artworks and architectural works from the 16th to 19th centuries, including paintings, sculptures, and buildings. It includes works by artists such as Rembrandt, David, Goya, Delacroix, Turner, and architects such as Gaudi and Horta. The works cover a variety of subjects and styles over the 300 year period.
Allegory1
This document describes Agnolo Bronzino's 1540s painting "Allegory with Venus and Cupid". It depicts Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time, and includes symbolic figures representing qualities like Jealousy and Deceit. The painting is an allegory that requires interpretation. It was likely intended as a gift from Cosimo de' Medici to the French king Francis I, implying their shared intellectualism and sophistication.
Mid term20123
The document provides information on several famous artworks from the 15th and early 16th centuries in Italy and Germany, including Jan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait from 1434, Donatello's statue of St. George from the 1420s, Botticelli's Birth of Venus, Michelangelo's frescoes on the Sistine Chapel ceiling from 1508-1512, Raphael's School of Athens from 1510-11, Matthias Grunewald's Isenheim Altarpiece, and Albrecht Durer's Adam and Eve painting. It also mentions Italian Renaissance architects Filippo Brunelleschi and Leon Battista Alberti.
Mid term20122
The document provides images and information about important architectural and artistic works from the Medieval period in Europe, including the hypostyle hall of the Grand Mosque of Cordoba, the Palatine Chapel in Aix-la-Chapelle, the Purse Lid from Sutton Hoo, doors to the Hildesheim Cathedral, the Chartres Cathedral rose window, and paintings by Cimabue, Duccio, and Giotto. It also includes comparisons of the plans of San Vitale and the Palace Chapel as well as dimensions for works by different early Italian masters.
Midterm20121
The document provides information on several works of art from ancient civilizations through the medieval period. It begins with discussing the Stele of Hammurabi from ancient Babylonia that features the earliest known legal codes. It then briefly describes the Audience Hall at Persepolis, the Funerary Temple of Hatshepsut from ancient Egypt, and a Minoan fresco depicting bull jumping. The document continues with analyzing a Greek archaic sculpture of a Trojan archer. It concludes by mentioning other works such as the Kritios Boy sculpture, the Old Market Woman statue, the Ara Pacis altar from ancient Rome, frescoes from Pompeii, and various architectural structures from ancient Rome through the medieval Islamic
Nov studyslides
The document provides information on various works of art and architecture from different historical periods. It includes summaries of key features for works such as Rüblev's Old Testament Trinity, the Plan of Saint Gall monastery, the Book of Kells, and the Bronze Doors of Hildesheim. The works showcase different artistic styles from Byzantine to Carolingian to Ottonian periods. They demonstrate evolving approaches to composition, materials, and subject matter over time.
Test studyslides111
The document provides an overview of notable works of art from Mesopotamian through Roman eras, including descriptions and context for each. Some highlights include: Lamassu guardian figures from Assyria with human-animal combinations; the Seated Scribe statue from ancient Egypt; the Step Pyramid of Djoser from Saqqara, Egypt; the Pont du Gard aqueduct and amphitheater from Roman times; and the Ara Pacis altar from Rome depicting the imperial family in procession. Wall paintings from Pompeii showcase styles like the Dionysiac Mystery Frieze and architectural schemes with mythological scenes.
Test studyslides11
This document lists 19th century artworks and artists from Europe including Mary Cassatt, Vincent Van Gogh, Thomas Cole, Eakins, Ingres, Goya, Turner, Monet, Seurat, Gauguin, Cezanne, Manet, and Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres. It provides the titles and dates of key paintings and images from the 1800s that exemplified major developments and movements in 19th century art history, spanning Neoclassicism, Realism, Impressionism, and Post-Impressionism.
Impressionist2
This document provides an overview of several Post-Impressionist artists including Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Edgar Degas, James Abbott McNeil Whistler, Mary Cassatt, Auguste Rodin, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat, Paul Cezanne, Henri Rousseau, and Edvard Munch. It summarizes some of their key works, styles, and artistic innovations that pushed beyond Impressionism towards more symbolic and expressive representations.
Impressionism slides1
Impression Sunrise from the 1874 Impressionist Show was one of Claude Monet's paintings in his series studying the effects of light and atmosphere on the Cathedral of Rouen at different times of day. In the painting, form and substance vanish as light transforms objects and surfaces into atmospheric spaces. Monet worked outdoors, painting plein air to capture how color was not the property of an object but how light controls color intensity and how it is affected by the time of day and movement of the sun. The painting inadvertently founded the name of Impressionism for the loose, atmospheric style that focused on the effects of light and color.
Hw sample
1) Jacques Louis-David's painting "Death of Marat" depicts the assassinated French revolutionary Jean-Paul Marat lying dead in his bath, alluding to Christian martyrdom.
2) The isolated figure and use of light creates a sense of clarity and focuses attention on Marat's role as a journalist for the revolution.
3) The painting helped establish David as a visual spokesman for the French Revolution by memorializing Marat and portraying him as a secular martyr advancing the goals of the revolution through his work.
Baroque test1
This document provides information on several Baroque artworks including paintings, frescoes, and architectural details. It lists the titles, artists, and dates of works such as Artemisia Gentileschi's Judith Slaying Holofernes, Pietro da Cortona's Glorification of the Reign of Urban VIII, Peter Paul Rubens' Arrival of Marie de' Medici at Marseilles, and Rembrandt's Self Portrait at Age 63 among others. The document also mentions architectural techniques like foreshortening and frescoes that appear to remove ceilings.
Pacific cultures
The document provides an overview of Pacific art cultures including Australia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. It discusses early settlers like the Lapita people and describes art forms across the regions. Key artworks mentioned include rock paintings from Australia depicting the Dreamtime, ceremonial poles from Irian Jaya honoring the dead, and woodcarvings from Easter Island of human figures called moai. The document also notes the modern reemergence of Pacific art traditions.
Japanese art after 1392 (full)
The document summarizes Japanese art from the Muromachi period (1392-1573) through modern times. It describes major periods and artistic styles, including the influence of Zen Buddhism in the Muromachi, the rise of decorative painting schools like Kano in the Momoyama period, the popularity of ukiyo-e prints in the Edo period, and the blending of Western and traditional styles during Japan's modernization. Key artists mentioned include Sesshu, Ikkyu, Ando Hiroshige, and Takashi Murakami. Traditional arts like tea ceremony and architecture are discussed alongside their evolution in different eras.
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This lecture created by Brandon Taylorian (aka Cometan) specially for the CESNUR Conference held Bordeaux in June 2024 provides a brief introduction to the legacy of religious and philosophical thought that Astronism emerges from, namely the discourse on transcension started assuredly by the Cosmists in Russia in the mid-to-late nineteenth century and then carried on and developed by Mordecai Nessyahu in Cosmodeism in the twentieth century. Cometan also then provides some detail on his story in founding Astronism in the early twenty-first century from 2013 along with details on the central Astronist doctrine of transcension. Finally, the lecture concludes with some contributions made by space religions and space philosophy and their influences on various cultural facets in art, literature and film.
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The Significance of the Locust Army in Revelation 9
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Heartfulness Magazine - June 2024 (Volume 9, Issue 6)
Dear readers,
This month we continue with more inspiring talks from the Global Spirituality Mahotsav that was held from March 14 to 17, 2024, at Kanha Shanti Vanam.
We hear from Daaji on lifestyle and yoga in honor of International Day of Yoga, June 21, 2024. We also hear from Professor Bhavani Rao, Dean at Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, on spirituality in action, the Venerable BhikkuSanghasena on how to be an ambassador for compassion, Dr. Tony Nader on the Maharishi Effect, Swami Mukundananda on the crossroads of modernization, Tejinder Kaur Basra on the purpose of work, the Venerable GesheDorjiDamdul on the psychology of peace, the Rt. Hon. Patricia Scotland, KC, Secretary-General of the Commonwealth, on how we are all related, and world-renowned violinist KumareshRajagopalan on the uplifting mysteries of music.
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Happy reading,
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Lesson 12 - The Blessed Hope: The Mark of the Christian
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Tracking "The Blessing" - Christianity · Spiritual Growth · Success
Unleash your spiritual growth journey as a truth-seeker!
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Tracking "The Blessing" - Christianity · Spiritual Growth · Success
Do you ever feel like your Bible highlighting isn't quite enough to ignite lasting spiritual growth? Have you struggled to retain key takeaways from your Bible study sessions?
Discover how living in 4D can transform your highlighting into a strategic tool for spiritual development.
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In this video, you'll gain insights on:
How highlighting key verses and themes can enhance memory and retention of Scripture (we see a few key ones, here!)
Studies have shown that highlighting can significantly improve information recall. Highlighting key points visually reinforces them in your mind, leading to better long-term memory.
How to personalize your Bible study through strategic highlighting. Don't just highlight everything!
This video will teach you how to strategically highlight based on what resonates with you, focusing on central themes, recurring ideas, or connections between different passages.
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How connecting highlighted passages can reveal deeper biblical truths. By highlighting these connections, you can see the bigger picture and uncover the underlying messages within Scripture.
By the end of this video, you'll be equipped to unlock the hidden potential within your highlighted Bible and embark on a transformative spiritual growth journey! Don't forget to like and subscribe for more inspiring content on deepening your faith.
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Is Lucid Dreaming Dangerous? Risks and Benefits!
Lucid Dreaming: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
The ability to control one's dreams or for the dreamer to be aware that he or she is dreaming. This process, called lucid dreaming, has some potential risks as well as many fascinating benefits. However, many people are hesitant to try it initially for fear of the potential dangers. This article aims to clarify these concerns by exploring both the risks and benefits of lucid dreaming.
The Benefits of Lucid Dreaming
Lucid dreaming allows a person to take control of their dream world, helping them overcome their fears and eliminate nightmares. This technique is particularly useful for mental health. By taking control of their dreams, individuals can face challenging scenarios in a controlled environment, which can help reduce anxiety and increase self-confidence.
Addressing Common Concerns
Physical Harm in Dreams Lucid dreaming is fundamentally safe. In a lucid dream, everything is a creation of your mind. Therefore, nothing in the dream can physically harm you. Despite the vividness and realness of the dream experience, it remains entirely within your mental landscape, posing no physical danger.
Mental Health Risks Concerns about developing PTSD or other mental illnesses from lucid dreaming are unfounded. As soon as you wake up, it's clear that the events experienced in the dream were not real. On the contrary, lucid dreaming is often seen as a therapeutic tool for conditions like PTSD, as it allows individuals to reframe and manage their thoughts.
Potential Risks of Lucid Dreaming
While generally safe, lucid dreaming does come with a few risks as well:
Mixing Dream Memories with Reality Long-term lucid dreamers might occasionally confuse dream memories with real ones, creating false memories. This issue is rare and preventable by maintaining a dream journal and avoiding lucid dreaming about real-life people or places too frequently.
Escapism Using lucid dreaming to escape reality can be problematic if it interferes with your daily life. While it is sometimes beneficial to escape and relieve the stress of reality, relying on lucid dreaming for happiness can hinder personal growth and productivity.
Feeling Tired After Lucid Dreaming Some people report feeling tired after lucid dreaming. This tiredness is not due to the dreams themselves but often results from not getting enough sleep or using techniques that disrupt sleep patterns. Taking breaks and ensuring adequate sleep can prevent this.
Mental Exhaustion Lucid dreaming can be mentally taxing if practiced excessively without breaks. It’s important to balance lucid dreaming with regular sleep to avoid mental fatigue.
Lucid dreaming is safe and beneficial if done with caution. It has many benefits, such as overcoming fear and improving mental health, and minimal risks. There are many resources and tutorials available for those interested in trying it.
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REUNITE WITH AN EX LOVER IN 72 HOURS
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MAKE HIM/HER LOVE ME
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BREAK UP A RELATIONSHIP
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FAITHFULNESS
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LOVE CHARMS
I DO ALL THE FOLLOWING SPELLS
*Binding Your
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December Test Study Slides
- 1. December Test Study Slides
- 3. Cimabue (c. 1280) and Giotto (c. 1308) with Madonna’s Enthroned
- 4. Italian Quattrocento Painting Mantegna, Dead Christ Uncharacteristic use of almost grisaille in contrast to his usual bold coloring Emotionally charged Bold foreshortening Feet placed over the edge into our own space Head enlarged to see it better; feet reduced to see body better Wounds and dislocated shoulders of Christ prominently displayed
- 5. Italian Quattrocento Painting Mantegna, Room of the Newlyweds Oculus: eight winged putti and a peacock Women lean over balcony Foreshortening and perspective Walls: heavy curtain pulled back Antique decorative elements around main scenes Patrons are the Gonzagas, their colors red and white on their hosiery Realism of Gonzaga bodies: hump back, double chins, protruding foreheads and jaws, limp and spindly arms and legs Charming legend about the possible use by newlyweds on their first night: Cupids abound, with a peacock as a symbol of marital harmony
- 7. Sienese School of Painting Singing and dancing in the streets of the ideal republic (actually against Sienese law) Crafts, professions, trades are highlighted as thriving Bountiful harvests: a good city feeds its people Aspects of leisure: hunters and falconers leave the city unafraid of their safety Dark blue sky in contrast with well lit scenery Aristocratic elegance of figures Ambrogio Lorenzetti, Allegory of Good Government, 1338 -40 Painting done in the chief council chamber of Siena, the Hall of Peace Panoramic view of the city of Siena with walls and countryside Security in center has a banner that proclaims everyone can walk freely because justice reigns
- 8. Northern Renaissance 15th Century Limbourg Brothers, October From a Book of Hours Top: paired signs of the zodiac: Libra & Scorpio Divide between peasant class in foreground and ruling nobility in castle in background Peasants work at farm routines Very detailed observation of nature: from birds eating the seed to the shadows cast by the horse Sumptuous colors 1411-16
- 9. Northern Renaissance 15th Century Jan van Eyck, Ghent Altarpiece Outside wings: theme of salvation Figures sit in small niches, claustrophobic Saint John the Evangelist and Saint John the Baptist done in grisaille; both patron saints of Ghent Extreme realism of figures, cf. donors Many detailed surfaces from stubble on beard to leaves on trees Inscriptions denote Christ’s coming Donors kneel in Gothic frames Flemish landscape is revealed in background
- 11. Competition Panelsof the Florence Baptistery Brunelleschi, Sacrifice of Isaac Commission given to Ghiberti after the success of the second set of doors Doors use a more neutral and modern rectangular shape instead of more Gothic quatrefoil Expansive and harmonious use of space Elegant bodies Creation of a precise spatial depth One dense group of forms Composition divided into two main tiers: upper and lower Weighty figures Great variety of poses More dramatic, tense, sense of urgency Youthful Isaac Figures overlap boundaries of quatrefoil pattern Figures inspired by Roman models Made in eight pieces, much heavier than Ghiberti’s
- 12. Italian Quattrocento Sculpture Ghiberti, Gates of Paradise Commission given to Ghiberti after the success of the second set of doors Doors use a more neutral and modern rectangular shape instead of more Gothic quatrefoil Expansive and harmonious use of space Elegant bodies Creation of a precise spatial depth
- 13. Italian Quattrocento Art Verrocchio, David Slenderness and angularity of the adolescent body Jutting left elbow, slightly cocky aspect Precise ornament Leather jerkin and skirt classical inspired, reveals rather than conceals the young hero’s wiry anatomy Pensive and gentle in victory Lacks anatomical exaggeration
- 14. The Cathedral Pulpit is Giovanni Pisano's masterpiece, and was built between 1302 and 1311. The beautifully sculpted panels represent scenes from the life of Jesus.The Baptistery Pulpit was built in 1260 by Nicola Pisano. It is hexagonal in shape and the six sculpted panels depict the life and death of Christ. Note the trefoil Gothic Arches, Corinthian capitalscrouching lions and eagle book rest Nicola Pisano Pisa Baptistry
- 15. Italian Quattrocento Architecture Alberti, Sant’Andrea, Mantua Combination of Roman triumphal arch with antique temple front Pairs of giant pilasters, topped by Corinthian capitals, support pediment Large barrel vault that rises above the façade Size of façade dictated by the small plaza in front of church: Alberti could not change width—bell tower on one side, the plaza on the other Alberti sought to create identical proportions of width and height “Ombrellone” seems awkward, but it creates a powerful barrel vault inside building, largest since antiquity
- 16. Saint-Maclou, Rouen 1432 - 1521 1443-51