This document discusses the migration to 40 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) networks. It provides examples of organizations that are beginning to deploy 40 GbE, such as the University of Twente and Verisign, to keep up with rapidly increasing network traffic and bandwidth demands. The summary discusses some of the challenges of migrating to 40 GbE, such as the need for new cabling and optics that support the higher speeds, and ensuring fiber connections are properly maintained. It also notes that monitoring and security appliances will need to be upgraded to support 40 GbE traffic.
IoT Designed to Work
Many great ideas start with engineering
prototypes, but that doesn’t mean they
will scale. Why? Wireless IoT is tricky. Both from a business and
technology perspective. Laird Connectivity works with you to match the right technologies and products to your business
model. And we provide the support and services to help you anticipate and clear hurdles. We help you make wireless IoT easy!
The document discusses the need for standardization in the Internet-of-Things (IoT). It notes that IoT involves a highly heterogeneous set of sensors, devices, and data that needs interoperability standards. It describes some existing standards for different IoT layers including networking, data formats, protocols, and interfaces. The document advocates for both syntactic and semantic interoperability standards and outlines Tata Consultancy Services' contributions to various standards bodies.
This presentation provides an overview of D-Link Corporation. It discusses D-Link's corporate overview, global presence, market position, solutions portfolio, quality and innovation efforts, recognition, and long-term commitments. Key points include that D-Link is a global networking company established in 1986, has a presence in over 66 countries, holds the #1 market share position for enterprise wireless LAN access points, and provides consumer, business, and mobile solutions with a focus on its cloud vision and services. The presentation also outlines D-Link's focus on quality, sustainability efforts, and commitment to building networks for people through affordability, connectivity, and customer focus.
The document discusses using systems intelligence and artificial intelligence/neural networks to enhance semiconductor electronic design automation (EDA) workflows by collecting telemetry data from EDA jobs and infrastructure and analyzing it using complex event processing, machine learning models, and messaging substrates to provide insights that could optimize EDA pipelines and infrastructure. The approach aims to allow both internal and external augmentation of EDA processes and environments through unsupervised and incremental learning.
Leading the LTE IoT evolution to connect the massive Internet of ThingsQualcomm Research
Connecting the IoT—and virtually everything—requires wireless technologies that can scale up to high-performance IoT but also scale down to low complexity IoT application needs. LTE with its global footprint and scale will play a key role in connecting the IoT, and continues to evolve to also address the massive, wide-area, low-power, low-complexity IoT applications. In 3GPP Release 13, two complementary narrowband technologies – eMTC & NB-IoT – were introduced to reduce complexity, lower power consumption, deepen coverage, and increase user density. In 2017, commercial LTE IoT is starting to connect the massive IoT, and it will become an essential part of the 5G Platform, which initially focuses on enhanced mobile broadband. Its rich roadmap will further enhance efficiencies, bring new capabilities, and expand into unlicensed spectrum to meet tomorrow’s massive IoT needs.
For more information, visit us at www.qualcomm.com/lte-iot
This document discusses how 5G networks and edge computing can advance IoT value. 5G promises major improvements in connectivity speed, capacity, and latency to enable more IoT, automation, and edge computing use cases. Edge computing transforms data captured by IoT devices and sensors into intelligent insights. Together, 5G and edge computing will dramatically expand IoT insights and speed. While 5G deployment is still emerging, the combination of 5G and edge computing is poised to power numerous IoT use cases across many industries.
Zettar: Moving Massive Amounts of Data across Any Distance Efficientlyinside-BigData.com
In this video from the Rice Oil & Gas Conference, Chin Fang from Zettar presents: Moving Massive Amounts of Data across Any Distance Efficiently.
The objective of this talk is to present two on-going projects aiming at improving and ensuring highly efficient bulk transferring or streaming of massive amounts of data over digital connections across any distance. It examines the current state of the art, a few very common misconceptions, the differences among the three major type of data movement solutions, a current initiative attempting to improve the data movement efficiency from the ground up, and another multi-stage project that shows how to conduct long distance large scale data movement at speed and scale internationally. Both projects have real world motivations, e.g. the ambitious data transfer requirements of Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) [1], a premier preparation project of the U.S. DOE Exascale Computing Initiative (ECI) [2]. Their immediate goals are described and explained, together with the solution used for each. Findings and early results are reported. Possible future works are outlined.
Watch the video: https://wp.me/p3RLHQ-lBX
Learn more: https://www.zettar.com/
and
https://rice2020oghpc.rice.edu/program-2/
Sign up for our insideHPC Newsletter: http://insidehpc.com/newsletter
Gary Grathen is an Advisory Project Manager at IBM Global Services specializing in project management for service delivery and global network services. He has over 20 years of experience managing IT projects including network infrastructure deployments, wireless access point installations, firewall implementations, and shared network migrations. His experience spans roles within IBM Global Services, Client Services and Support, and Quality and Information Technology.
IoT Designed to Work
Many great ideas start with engineering
prototypes, but that doesn’t mean they
will scale. Why? Wireless IoT is tricky. Both from a business and
technology perspective. Laird Connectivity works with you to match the right technologies and products to your business
model. And we provide the support and services to help you anticipate and clear hurdles. We help you make wireless IoT easy!
The document discusses the need for standardization in the Internet-of-Things (IoT). It notes that IoT involves a highly heterogeneous set of sensors, devices, and data that needs interoperability standards. It describes some existing standards for different IoT layers including networking, data formats, protocols, and interfaces. The document advocates for both syntactic and semantic interoperability standards and outlines Tata Consultancy Services' contributions to various standards bodies.
This presentation provides an overview of D-Link Corporation. It discusses D-Link's corporate overview, global presence, market position, solutions portfolio, quality and innovation efforts, recognition, and long-term commitments. Key points include that D-Link is a global networking company established in 1986, has a presence in over 66 countries, holds the #1 market share position for enterprise wireless LAN access points, and provides consumer, business, and mobile solutions with a focus on its cloud vision and services. The presentation also outlines D-Link's focus on quality, sustainability efforts, and commitment to building networks for people through affordability, connectivity, and customer focus.
The document discusses using systems intelligence and artificial intelligence/neural networks to enhance semiconductor electronic design automation (EDA) workflows by collecting telemetry data from EDA jobs and infrastructure and analyzing it using complex event processing, machine learning models, and messaging substrates to provide insights that could optimize EDA pipelines and infrastructure. The approach aims to allow both internal and external augmentation of EDA processes and environments through unsupervised and incremental learning.
Leading the LTE IoT evolution to connect the massive Internet of ThingsQualcomm Research
Connecting the IoT—and virtually everything—requires wireless technologies that can scale up to high-performance IoT but also scale down to low complexity IoT application needs. LTE with its global footprint and scale will play a key role in connecting the IoT, and continues to evolve to also address the massive, wide-area, low-power, low-complexity IoT applications. In 3GPP Release 13, two complementary narrowband technologies – eMTC & NB-IoT – were introduced to reduce complexity, lower power consumption, deepen coverage, and increase user density. In 2017, commercial LTE IoT is starting to connect the massive IoT, and it will become an essential part of the 5G Platform, which initially focuses on enhanced mobile broadband. Its rich roadmap will further enhance efficiencies, bring new capabilities, and expand into unlicensed spectrum to meet tomorrow’s massive IoT needs.
For more information, visit us at www.qualcomm.com/lte-iot
This document discusses how 5G networks and edge computing can advance IoT value. 5G promises major improvements in connectivity speed, capacity, and latency to enable more IoT, automation, and edge computing use cases. Edge computing transforms data captured by IoT devices and sensors into intelligent insights. Together, 5G and edge computing will dramatically expand IoT insights and speed. While 5G deployment is still emerging, the combination of 5G and edge computing is poised to power numerous IoT use cases across many industries.
Zettar: Moving Massive Amounts of Data across Any Distance Efficientlyinside-BigData.com
In this video from the Rice Oil & Gas Conference, Chin Fang from Zettar presents: Moving Massive Amounts of Data across Any Distance Efficiently.
The objective of this talk is to present two on-going projects aiming at improving and ensuring highly efficient bulk transferring or streaming of massive amounts of data over digital connections across any distance. It examines the current state of the art, a few very common misconceptions, the differences among the three major type of data movement solutions, a current initiative attempting to improve the data movement efficiency from the ground up, and another multi-stage project that shows how to conduct long distance large scale data movement at speed and scale internationally. Both projects have real world motivations, e.g. the ambitious data transfer requirements of Linac Coherent Light Source II (LCLS-II) [1], a premier preparation project of the U.S. DOE Exascale Computing Initiative (ECI) [2]. Their immediate goals are described and explained, together with the solution used for each. Findings and early results are reported. Possible future works are outlined.
Watch the video: https://wp.me/p3RLHQ-lBX
Learn more: https://www.zettar.com/
and
https://rice2020oghpc.rice.edu/program-2/
Sign up for our insideHPC Newsletter: http://insidehpc.com/newsletter
Gary Grathen is an Advisory Project Manager at IBM Global Services specializing in project management for service delivery and global network services. He has over 20 years of experience managing IT projects including network infrastructure deployments, wireless access point installations, firewall implementations, and shared network migrations. His experience spans roles within IBM Global Services, Client Services and Support, and Quality and Information Technology.
Low Power Wireless Sensor Network Technologies and Standards for the Internet...Duncan Purves
Presentation on Low Power Wireless Sensor Network Technologies and Standards for the Internet of Things given at Institute of Physics, Sensors & their Applications XVIII Conference, 12 September 2016
In this deck, Greg Wahl from Advantech presents: Transforming Private 5G Networks.
Advantech Networks & Communications Group is driving innovation in next-generation network solutions with their High Performance Servers. We provide business critical hardware to the world's leading telecom and networking equipment manufacturers with both standard and customized products. Our High Performance Servers are highly configurable platforms designed to balance the best in x86 server-class processing performance with maximum I/O and offload density. The systems are cost effective, highly available and optimized to meet next generation networking and media processing needs.
“Advantech’s Networks and Communication Group has been both an innovator and trusted enabling partner in the telecommunications and network security markets for over a decade, designing and manufacturing products for OEMs that accelerate their network platform evolution and time to market.” Said Advantech Vice President of Networks & Communications Group, Ween Niu. “In the new IP Infrastructure era, we will be expanding our expertise in Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV), two of the essential conduits to 5G infrastructure agility making networks easier to install, secure, automate and manage in a cloud-based infrastructure.”
In addition to innovation in air interface technologies and architecture extensions, 5G will also need a new generation of network computing platforms to run the emerging software defined infrastructure, one that provides greater topology flexibility, essential to deliver on the promises of high availability, high coverage, low latency and high bandwidth connections. This will open up new parallel industry opportunities through dedicated 5G network slices reserved for specific industries dedicated to video traffic, augmented reality, IoT, connected cars etc. 5G unlocks many new doors and one of the keys to its enablement lies in the elasticity and flexibility of the underlying infrastructure.
Advantech’s corporate vision is to enable an intelligent planet. The company is a global leader in the fields of IoT intelligent systems and embedded platforms. To embrace the trends of IoT, big data, and artificial intelligence, Advantech promotes IoT hardware and software solutions with the Edge Intelligence WISE-PaaS core to assist business partners and clients in connecting their industrial chains. Advantech is also working with business partners to co-create business ecosystems that accelerate the goal of industrial intelligence."
Watch the video: https://wp.me/p3RLHQ-lPQ
* Company website: https://www.advantech.com/
* Solution page: https://www2.advantech.com/nc/newsletter/NCG/SKY/benefits.html
Sign up for our insideHPC Newsletter: http://insidehpc.com/newsletter
While IPv6 has been a defined standard since 1998, the end-user adoption of this standard is minimal. Less than 1% of Internet peers utilize IPv6 in the course of normal operation. However, IPv6 support within operating systems and network routers is becoming commonplace. While IT personnel continue to be focused on IPv4, IPv6 capabilities may already be active by default on many Internet connected systems within an IT professional's environment. These IPv6 interfaces generate traffic which can bypass traditional controls based on IPv4 technology. Although IPv6 is likely to eclipse IPv4 as the dominant Internet protocol, the path to this state is disorganized and unclear. This state indicates that as IPv6 gains inertia as a legitimate Internet protocol, IT administrators need to be aware of and manage IPv6 traffic on their network with as much vigilance as they would apply to the more commonplace IPv4.
Kevin D. Wilkins, CISSP, Senior Network Engineer, iSecure LLC
After coursework at the Rochester Institute of Technology, Kevin’s professional experience includes ISP and VOIP operations. Kevin has 10 years of industry experience in system and network engineering and platform management. In the last few years, a focus on information security has brought his experiences together into a consolidated viewpoint of enterprise-wide security policy and implementation.
Peter Rounds, Senior Network Engineer, Syracuse University
Peter has been a Sr. Network Engineer at Syracuse University for 11 years. He is responsible for maintaining core network infrastructure consisting of Internet edge traffic identification/management, Internet BGP routing and security profile management, campus OSPF and security profile management, and data center network and security profile management. He is responsible for numerous security technologies for the University.
Tom Soderstrom, Chief Technology and Innovation Officer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, has demonstrated how internet-of-things (IoT) technology and cloud computing can form the backbone for monumental innovation. This combination has enabled private and public space exploration enterprises to dare greatly and, together, discover more of the solar system than ever before. Cloud computing, with its unlimited storage and compute resources, blends IoT, machine learning, intelligent assistance, and new interfaces with computers. It has the potential to allow humans to explore and colonize other areas of the solar system by enabling collaboration across millions of miles, and social networking on a planetary scale.
Martello Technologies hosted a webinar on unleashing the power of 5G and enhancing SD-WAN experiences. The webinar discussed how 5G will accelerate industry growth in transportation, manufacturing, healthcare and government through technologies like AI, edge computing and automation. It also covered challenges 5G faces with deployment, compatibility with emerging 5G standards, and how SD-WAN can help organizations get the most out of their networks in a 5G environment by reducing data transport times, prioritizing application traffic, and offering better security. The webinar concluded by outlining how Martello can help organizations both today and prepare for 5G's future.
OVNC 2015-THE NEW IP - Open Networking Architecture with SDN & NFVNAIM Networks, Inc.
[Open & Virtual Networking Conference 2015]
- THE NEW IP - Open Networking Architecture with SDN & NFV (Brocade Orcun Tezel 시스템 엔지니어링 아태지역 수석이사)
- 2015.02.05 (목) 09:10~17:50
- 양재동 엘타워
The document discusses the ZigBee wireless standard. It describes ZigBee as a standard created for low-power wireless networks based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. It outlines ZigBee's capabilities for connecting sensors and controls in home and building automation applications. The document also reviews research on ZigBee and the current and future state of the market and products that use the ZigBee standard.
Selecting the Right Mesh Technology for Your ApplicationSilicon Labs
Mesh network topologies are ideal for many IoT systems due to their ability to reduce system power consumption, extend communication range, increase scalability, improve network reliability, and optimize communication responsiveness.
A number of mesh networking protocols are commercially available today including Bluetooth Mesh, Thread, and zigbee. There are many applications where mesh networks can provide benefits to the overall system, business, and consumer. Notable applications that can utilize mesh networking include asset tracking, beaconing, home & building automation, lighting, and smart metering.
In this webinar, we compare different mesh networking protocols and discuss the criteria you should consider when selecting the right approach for your design, including the role of solution ecosystems and wireless security.
Watch on-demand webinar: http://bit.ly/2wXuwDr
This document provides an overview of ZigBee wireless communications presented by several students. ZigBee is a wireless standard designed for control and sensor networks that operates on top of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The presentation covers what ZigBee is, how it works, academic research on ZigBee, current and future products that use ZigBee, and its position in the hype cycle of emerging technologies.
The document provides an overview of the ZigBee wireless protocol. It discusses that ZigBee is a low power, low cost wireless standard targeted for automation and remote control applications. It then covers ZigBee features such as mesh networking, security, reliability and interoperability. The document also summarizes the ZigBee protocol stack including the physical, MAC and network layers and different device types in ZigBee networks.
Advancing LTE architecture with NFV and SDNAlberto Diez
My presentation at LTE MENA 2015 in Dubai. It was the last one before some 5G discussions and after some good introductions to the NFV/SDN topics from the mobile operator perspective so I decided to do a remake of my NFV/SDN Orchestration presentation to address the maybe unwanted effects that NFV and SDN could have in the LTE network architecture. At the end I had to cut a couple of slides because I only had 20 minutes. Here is complete.
Development of Smart Home security system using Raspberry PiIRJET Journal
This document describes a smart home security system developed using a Raspberry Pi. The system allows users to monitor and control their home security devices from a mobile device using a BLYNK application. The system connects various sensors like door sensors, gas sensors, and water sensors to the Raspberry Pi. It can detect issues like gas leaks or open doors and notify the user via the BLYNK mobile app. The user can also use the app to remotely control smart home devices connected to the Raspberry Pi like lights, fans, and pumps. The system provides low-cost home security and automation using an inexpensive Raspberry Pi single-board computer.
Huawei provides an Agile Network solution using Software Defined Networking (SDN) concepts and architectural innovations to make networks more adaptable for services and improve user experience. The solution includes Agile Campus, Data Center, and Branch network components that offer features such as centralized control, network programmability, quality awareness, and smooth evolution. It aims to power networks flexibly and dynamically for mobility, cloud computing, big data, social media, and the Internet of Things.
The document summarizes the Devcon2 conference agenda, which included talks on the following topics:
1. Web3 and building a decentralized web infrastructure using Swarm and IPFS.
2. Off-chain scaling solutions like state channels, Raiden Network, and decentralized computing platforms.
3. Formal verification of smart contracts through techniques like testing, static analysis, and formal modeling.
4. Enterprise applications of Ethereum including panels on interoperability, privacy and scalability.
5. Oracle services that provide real-world data to smart contracts.
6. Developing decentralized applications (dapps) using languages like Solidity and proposed domain-specific languages.
This document discusses addressing signal integrity challenges in radar and electronic warfare systems due to increasing data bus rates. It describes how high speeds can lead to signal degradation through various effects. Measurement and characterization tools are needed to help designers avoid problems and ensure signals are transmitted and received correctly. Simulation and testing of high-speed digital designs is important from early stages of development through compliance testing.
Qualcomm is an at-scale company. It powered the smartphone revolution and connected billions of people. It pioneered 3G and 4G, and now it is leading the way to 5G and a new era of intelligent, connected devices. Mobile is going to be the largest machine learning platform on the planet. Come learn how Qualcomm is making efficient on-device machine learning possible, how Qualcomm and Facebook worked closely to support machine learning in Facebook applications, and what’s next for Qualcomm and AI.
We’re at Embedded World this week introducing our new multiprotocol wireless system-on-chip (SoC) devices, bringing simplicity and connectivity to Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Based on our energy-friendly Gecko technology and integrated radio, these Wireless Gecko SoCs aren’t holding anything back and represent the next step in low-power wireless connectivity.
The document discusses the creation of media products including a music video, magazine advertisement, and CD cover for a digipak release. It reflects on how the products use conventions of real media, including influences from other artists' music videos and album artwork. Audience feedback found the narrative and style to be clear and consistent across the products, though some felt the music video could have used more close-ups. A variety of media technologies were employed at different stages of production.
Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma became the First Female Chairperson of African Union Commission. Syrian Defence Minsiter, Dawoud Rajiha Killed in Suicide Bomb attack in Damascus, Syria. SC banned Commercial and Tourism Activities near Jarawa Habitat. Pranab Mukherjee won the Presidential Election 2012. Indian Railways introduced new guidelines for booking of Tatkal tickets.
Low Power Wireless Sensor Network Technologies and Standards for the Internet...Duncan Purves
Presentation on Low Power Wireless Sensor Network Technologies and Standards for the Internet of Things given at Institute of Physics, Sensors & their Applications XVIII Conference, 12 September 2016
In this deck, Greg Wahl from Advantech presents: Transforming Private 5G Networks.
Advantech Networks & Communications Group is driving innovation in next-generation network solutions with their High Performance Servers. We provide business critical hardware to the world's leading telecom and networking equipment manufacturers with both standard and customized products. Our High Performance Servers are highly configurable platforms designed to balance the best in x86 server-class processing performance with maximum I/O and offload density. The systems are cost effective, highly available and optimized to meet next generation networking and media processing needs.
“Advantech’s Networks and Communication Group has been both an innovator and trusted enabling partner in the telecommunications and network security markets for over a decade, designing and manufacturing products for OEMs that accelerate their network platform evolution and time to market.” Said Advantech Vice President of Networks & Communications Group, Ween Niu. “In the new IP Infrastructure era, we will be expanding our expertise in Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV), two of the essential conduits to 5G infrastructure agility making networks easier to install, secure, automate and manage in a cloud-based infrastructure.”
In addition to innovation in air interface technologies and architecture extensions, 5G will also need a new generation of network computing platforms to run the emerging software defined infrastructure, one that provides greater topology flexibility, essential to deliver on the promises of high availability, high coverage, low latency and high bandwidth connections. This will open up new parallel industry opportunities through dedicated 5G network slices reserved for specific industries dedicated to video traffic, augmented reality, IoT, connected cars etc. 5G unlocks many new doors and one of the keys to its enablement lies in the elasticity and flexibility of the underlying infrastructure.
Advantech’s corporate vision is to enable an intelligent planet. The company is a global leader in the fields of IoT intelligent systems and embedded platforms. To embrace the trends of IoT, big data, and artificial intelligence, Advantech promotes IoT hardware and software solutions with the Edge Intelligence WISE-PaaS core to assist business partners and clients in connecting their industrial chains. Advantech is also working with business partners to co-create business ecosystems that accelerate the goal of industrial intelligence."
Watch the video: https://wp.me/p3RLHQ-lPQ
* Company website: https://www.advantech.com/
* Solution page: https://www2.advantech.com/nc/newsletter/NCG/SKY/benefits.html
Sign up for our insideHPC Newsletter: http://insidehpc.com/newsletter
While IPv6 has been a defined standard since 1998, the end-user adoption of this standard is minimal. Less than 1% of Internet peers utilize IPv6 in the course of normal operation. However, IPv6 support within operating systems and network routers is becoming commonplace. While IT personnel continue to be focused on IPv4, IPv6 capabilities may already be active by default on many Internet connected systems within an IT professional's environment. These IPv6 interfaces generate traffic which can bypass traditional controls based on IPv4 technology. Although IPv6 is likely to eclipse IPv4 as the dominant Internet protocol, the path to this state is disorganized and unclear. This state indicates that as IPv6 gains inertia as a legitimate Internet protocol, IT administrators need to be aware of and manage IPv6 traffic on their network with as much vigilance as they would apply to the more commonplace IPv4.
Kevin D. Wilkins, CISSP, Senior Network Engineer, iSecure LLC
After coursework at the Rochester Institute of Technology, Kevin’s professional experience includes ISP and VOIP operations. Kevin has 10 years of industry experience in system and network engineering and platform management. In the last few years, a focus on information security has brought his experiences together into a consolidated viewpoint of enterprise-wide security policy and implementation.
Peter Rounds, Senior Network Engineer, Syracuse University
Peter has been a Sr. Network Engineer at Syracuse University for 11 years. He is responsible for maintaining core network infrastructure consisting of Internet edge traffic identification/management, Internet BGP routing and security profile management, campus OSPF and security profile management, and data center network and security profile management. He is responsible for numerous security technologies for the University.
Tom Soderstrom, Chief Technology and Innovation Officer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, has demonstrated how internet-of-things (IoT) technology and cloud computing can form the backbone for monumental innovation. This combination has enabled private and public space exploration enterprises to dare greatly and, together, discover more of the solar system than ever before. Cloud computing, with its unlimited storage and compute resources, blends IoT, machine learning, intelligent assistance, and new interfaces with computers. It has the potential to allow humans to explore and colonize other areas of the solar system by enabling collaboration across millions of miles, and social networking on a planetary scale.
Martello Technologies hosted a webinar on unleashing the power of 5G and enhancing SD-WAN experiences. The webinar discussed how 5G will accelerate industry growth in transportation, manufacturing, healthcare and government through technologies like AI, edge computing and automation. It also covered challenges 5G faces with deployment, compatibility with emerging 5G standards, and how SD-WAN can help organizations get the most out of their networks in a 5G environment by reducing data transport times, prioritizing application traffic, and offering better security. The webinar concluded by outlining how Martello can help organizations both today and prepare for 5G's future.
OVNC 2015-THE NEW IP - Open Networking Architecture with SDN & NFVNAIM Networks, Inc.
[Open & Virtual Networking Conference 2015]
- THE NEW IP - Open Networking Architecture with SDN & NFV (Brocade Orcun Tezel 시스템 엔지니어링 아태지역 수석이사)
- 2015.02.05 (목) 09:10~17:50
- 양재동 엘타워
The document discusses the ZigBee wireless standard. It describes ZigBee as a standard created for low-power wireless networks based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. It outlines ZigBee's capabilities for connecting sensors and controls in home and building automation applications. The document also reviews research on ZigBee and the current and future state of the market and products that use the ZigBee standard.
Selecting the Right Mesh Technology for Your ApplicationSilicon Labs
Mesh network topologies are ideal for many IoT systems due to their ability to reduce system power consumption, extend communication range, increase scalability, improve network reliability, and optimize communication responsiveness.
A number of mesh networking protocols are commercially available today including Bluetooth Mesh, Thread, and zigbee. There are many applications where mesh networks can provide benefits to the overall system, business, and consumer. Notable applications that can utilize mesh networking include asset tracking, beaconing, home & building automation, lighting, and smart metering.
In this webinar, we compare different mesh networking protocols and discuss the criteria you should consider when selecting the right approach for your design, including the role of solution ecosystems and wireless security.
Watch on-demand webinar: http://bit.ly/2wXuwDr
This document provides an overview of ZigBee wireless communications presented by several students. ZigBee is a wireless standard designed for control and sensor networks that operates on top of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The presentation covers what ZigBee is, how it works, academic research on ZigBee, current and future products that use ZigBee, and its position in the hype cycle of emerging technologies.
The document provides an overview of the ZigBee wireless protocol. It discusses that ZigBee is a low power, low cost wireless standard targeted for automation and remote control applications. It then covers ZigBee features such as mesh networking, security, reliability and interoperability. The document also summarizes the ZigBee protocol stack including the physical, MAC and network layers and different device types in ZigBee networks.
Advancing LTE architecture with NFV and SDNAlberto Diez
My presentation at LTE MENA 2015 in Dubai. It was the last one before some 5G discussions and after some good introductions to the NFV/SDN topics from the mobile operator perspective so I decided to do a remake of my NFV/SDN Orchestration presentation to address the maybe unwanted effects that NFV and SDN could have in the LTE network architecture. At the end I had to cut a couple of slides because I only had 20 minutes. Here is complete.
Development of Smart Home security system using Raspberry PiIRJET Journal
This document describes a smart home security system developed using a Raspberry Pi. The system allows users to monitor and control their home security devices from a mobile device using a BLYNK application. The system connects various sensors like door sensors, gas sensors, and water sensors to the Raspberry Pi. It can detect issues like gas leaks or open doors and notify the user via the BLYNK mobile app. The user can also use the app to remotely control smart home devices connected to the Raspberry Pi like lights, fans, and pumps. The system provides low-cost home security and automation using an inexpensive Raspberry Pi single-board computer.
Huawei provides an Agile Network solution using Software Defined Networking (SDN) concepts and architectural innovations to make networks more adaptable for services and improve user experience. The solution includes Agile Campus, Data Center, and Branch network components that offer features such as centralized control, network programmability, quality awareness, and smooth evolution. It aims to power networks flexibly and dynamically for mobility, cloud computing, big data, social media, and the Internet of Things.
The document summarizes the Devcon2 conference agenda, which included talks on the following topics:
1. Web3 and building a decentralized web infrastructure using Swarm and IPFS.
2. Off-chain scaling solutions like state channels, Raiden Network, and decentralized computing platforms.
3. Formal verification of smart contracts through techniques like testing, static analysis, and formal modeling.
4. Enterprise applications of Ethereum including panels on interoperability, privacy and scalability.
5. Oracle services that provide real-world data to smart contracts.
6. Developing decentralized applications (dapps) using languages like Solidity and proposed domain-specific languages.
This document discusses addressing signal integrity challenges in radar and electronic warfare systems due to increasing data bus rates. It describes how high speeds can lead to signal degradation through various effects. Measurement and characterization tools are needed to help designers avoid problems and ensure signals are transmitted and received correctly. Simulation and testing of high-speed digital designs is important from early stages of development through compliance testing.
Qualcomm is an at-scale company. It powered the smartphone revolution and connected billions of people. It pioneered 3G and 4G, and now it is leading the way to 5G and a new era of intelligent, connected devices. Mobile is going to be the largest machine learning platform on the planet. Come learn how Qualcomm is making efficient on-device machine learning possible, how Qualcomm and Facebook worked closely to support machine learning in Facebook applications, and what’s next for Qualcomm and AI.
We’re at Embedded World this week introducing our new multiprotocol wireless system-on-chip (SoC) devices, bringing simplicity and connectivity to Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Based on our energy-friendly Gecko technology and integrated radio, these Wireless Gecko SoCs aren’t holding anything back and represent the next step in low-power wireless connectivity.
The document discusses the creation of media products including a music video, magazine advertisement, and CD cover for a digipak release. It reflects on how the products use conventions of real media, including influences from other artists' music videos and album artwork. Audience feedback found the narrative and style to be clear and consistent across the products, though some felt the music video could have used more close-ups. A variety of media technologies were employed at different stages of production.
Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma became the First Female Chairperson of African Union Commission. Syrian Defence Minsiter, Dawoud Rajiha Killed in Suicide Bomb attack in Damascus, Syria. SC banned Commercial and Tourism Activities near Jarawa Habitat. Pranab Mukherjee won the Presidential Election 2012. Indian Railways introduced new guidelines for booking of Tatkal tickets.
Current affairs-magazine-november-2012-13Ramesh Kumar
This document provides a summary of current affairs that occurred in November 2012. It includes key events such as Barack Obama winning the US presidential election, the conclusion of the 21st ASEAN summit in Cambodia, and the hanging of Mohammed Ajmal Amir Kasab at Yerwada jail in Pune, India. The document is structured with sections on international events, the economy, corporate news, national affairs, sports, science and technology, and the environment. It also includes various quizzes and lists of additional recent news headlines.
Bajaj Auto unveiled its ultra low cost car RE60 with a top speed of 70 Km/h and mileage of 35 Kmpl. Anup Kumar of Andhra Pradesh and Ashu Raj of Uttarakhand won the men's and male junior categories of the National Ice Skating Championship in Shimla. The US State Department posted a new map of India showing Jammu and Kashmir with a dotted line, projecting it as a disputed territory. It is possible to book train tickets on a cell phone by registering and downloading suitable software, and tickets can be shown via SMS confirmation. Rajasthan is creating a network of informers to address the dismal sex ratio, rewarding them for information leading to prosecution of
The document provides general knowledge questions and answers from India in 2013 and 2012 on various topics:
1. M.K. Stalin was announced as the next party chief of DMK in Tamil Nadu. Tulsi Gabbard from Hawaii became the first Hindu to take oath on the Bhagavad Gita in the U.S. Congress.
2. Idrees Beigh, an electrical engineer from India, developed a solar-powered Kangri to provide heat without fire. China claimed to be the first country to start construction of a new $476 million commercial nuclear power plant.
3. General awareness questions covered the Reserve Bank of India, Sangeet Natak Akademi,
The document discusses collective intelligence and its key principles of openness, peering, sharing, and acting globally. It notes that collective intelligence relies on group interaction and provides examples. The document also outlines some pros and cons of collective intelligence, including accessible community and free recognition as pros, and overload of freedom, tainted knowledge, and loss of privacy as cons. It concludes by noting the future of collective intelligence and listing several references on the topic.
The document discusses the production of a music video and ancillary materials for a fictional R&B artist. Research was conducted on existing music videos and album packaging to identify conventions. Technologies like cameras, Photoshop, and Final Cut Pro were used to film footage, design packaging, and edit the video. Feedback was gathered through surveys to evaluate the effectiveness of the main video and ancillary texts at conveying the intended narrative.
The document summarizes options being considered for a new West District Library in Kanata, Ontario. It discusses three site placement options - a free standing building, a vertical expansion of the existing branch, and a two story addition. For each option, it outlines the pros and cons in terms of construction impact, costs, parking accommodations, and other factors. Community consultation will be undertaken to gather input on the project options and timelines.
The document discusses basic functions in SAP Treasury Management including master data management for banks, house banks, trader authorizations and business partners, as well as limit management, market data management, tools for archiving and data transfer, and file interfaces for importing market data.
Broad Sky explores 2 of the latest technologies in Wireless providing the fastest LTE speeds on the market. Carrier Aggregation, QAM, MIMO and Bonding technologies make the most out of the LTE carrier networks on the path to 5G. Found out more about how the Need for Speed has driven these technologies and what they can do for your customers.
The document summarizes a demonstration by QLogic and Dell showcasing the extreme performance of QLogic's NetXtreme II Ethernet adapters. In the demonstration, two Dell servers connected through Dell switches using QLogic 10GbE adapters achieved transfer rates of 10Gbps with less than 1% CPU utilization. This level of network efficiency from QLogic adapters is critical for today's data centers approaching maximum server utilization. Choosing the wrong adapter could require purchasing additional server hardware, while QLogic's solutions streamline tasks and allow existing hardware to be used more efficiently.
40 100 gigabit ethernet for virtualized data center and campus networksIT Tech
40/100 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) can help optimize performance in virtualized data centers and campus networks. It provides higher bandwidth for applications and a smooth upgrade path as it becomes more widely adopted. Implementing 40/100 GbE using switches and cabling solutions from Cisco and CommScope allows existing infrastructure investments to be preserved while migrating to higher speeds now and in the future.
This document summarizes an interview with Chris Day from TriQuint Semiconductor discussing the benefits and drawbacks of Gallium Nitride (GaN) technology compared to other technologies like Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) for use in RF amplifiers. Some key points made are that GaN allows for higher RF output levels and power handling compared to GaAs, but it is also a more expensive and difficult technology to fabricate. Hybrid designs that combine the strengths of GaN and GaAs are seen as an optimal solution to maximize performance while minimizing costs. Overall GaN is seen as the future for RF amplifiers due to its strong performance, but other technologies may also be useful depending on specific application needs and costs.
The document provides an overview of 802.11ac and how it compares to previous wireless standards like 802.11n. Some key points:
- 802.11ac aims to deliver significantly higher performance than 802.11n by utilizing wider channel bandwidths up to 160MHz, more efficient modulation up to 256QAM, improved beamforming, and multi-user MIMO to transmit to multiple devices simultaneously.
- While 802.11ac will triple throughput over 802.11n, reaching speeds over 1Gbps, this still may not provide enough bandwidth when shared between multiple users to fully replace wired networks.
- 802.11ac maintains backward compatibility with 802.11
Big Switch Networks produces two SDN products - Big Tap monitoring fabric and Big Cloud fabric. Big Tap is an open, scalable monitoring fabric that provides pervasive visibility across data centers. It replaces traditional proprietary and expensive network packet brokers with a centralized software-defined approach. Big Tap allows customers to tap every rack in a data center and share monitoring tools across teams in a simple and economical manner.
Category 8 copper cabling has been developed that can handle data transmission speeds of up to 40Gb/s, providing a cost-effective alternative to fiber optic cables for data center network infrastructures. The new cable exceeds the bandwidth of Category 6A cables by 4 times and complies with ISO and TIA standards. While the cable is initially intended for use within data centers of up to 30m, its advantages may see it used more widely in offices in the future. Further development is needed to enable transmission speeds of 100Gb/s over copper cabling.
Sumitomo Electric Lightwave_The 8 Fiber Solution for Today's Data Center_Apri...rolopes
This document discusses the need for an 8-fiber solution for data center infrastructure to support higher network speeds like 40Gbe and 100Gbe. Traditional 12-fiber infrastructure wastes 33% of fibers due to dark fibers when using parallel transmission schemes required by high-speed standards. An 8-fiber ribbon approach can improve data center design, performance, future-proofing and cost savings by utilizing all fibers compared to the traditional 12-fiber approach.
5G mobile networks will address the massive growth in mobile data traffic and connected devices. 5G technologies include using higher frequency spectrum like mmWave bands, ultra-dense small cell networks, and new radio access technologies. This will allow 5G to provide significantly higher data rates, support a vast number of low-latency connections for devices and machines, and meet the wide-ranging service requirements. Key 5G technologies that could enable this include massive MIMO, device-to-device communication, and utilizing both licensed and unlicensed spectrum bands through technologies like LTE-U. The evolution of 5G is expected to occur in phases, building on LTE and introducing new features over spectrum bands up to 30 GHz and potentially above
Prof. Jyri Hämäläinen_What comes after 4G? 5G of Course_ENhANCE Telecom Forum...Edward Mutafungwa
5G mobile networks will address the massive growth in mobile data traffic and connected devices. 5G technologies include using higher frequency spectrum like mmWave bands, ultra dense small cell networks, and new radio access technologies. This will allow 5G to provide significantly higher data rates through techniques like massive MIMO and advanced beamforming. 5G will also target requirements for low latency connectivity in areas like vehicle-to-everything communication and industrial IoT. The evolution of 5G is expected to start within existing LTE networks and expand to new radio technologies operating at frequencies above 30GHz.
Copper and glass securing the foundation of your 10 gigabit data centersmithponting
How much time and money would you save if you
could assure the performance of your data center’s
10 Gigabit Ethernet network, before you turned
up service? How much confidence would you gain
by knowing the 10 Gigabit cabling was installed
according to standards? This Whitepaper describes
changes 10 Gigabit Ethernet brings to the network
infrastructure and the specific steps you can take
to make your new data center network rock-solid.
This document provides an overview of 5G technology, including its objectives and architecture. 5G is expected to offer data rates over 1 Gbps, support for high capacity and numbers of connections, and new capabilities like integrated access across cell towers and WiFi. It will require integration across standards and a common infrastructure platform. Challenges include integrating various standards and ensuring high redundancy across the core network. 5G networks are expected to launch around 2020 and enable new applications requiring high bandwidth and low latency.
LTE-M is an LTE technology for machines and IoT devices that provides 100x lower power consumption than 4G LTE, 5-10x greater coverage than 4G LTE, and 50% lower costs than 4G LTE. There are three complementary LPWA technologies - Cat-M1 and Cat-M2 for LTE-M with data rates up to 375kbps, and Cat-NB1 and Cat-NB2 for NB-IoT with lower data rates of 60kbps. These technologies are already available today on mobile networks globally and provide features such as 10-20 year battery life, 164dB link budgets, and the cost of 2G modules.
The document discusses challenges in turning research into innovation in the Internet of Things (IoT) and why technology transfer is difficult. It outlines a layered perspective on IoT including sensing, embedded systems, communications, protocols, data structures, and platforms. For each layer, it discusses research challenges and provides examples of technologies that aim to address these challenges, such as graphene sensors, quantum technologies, 6LoWPAN, and IoT platforms. It argues that making progress across all layers through continued research is needed to fully realize the potential of IoT.
Abitcool - A vast array of small-scale service providers with gigabit access,...APNIC
Abitcool - A vast array of small-scale service providers with gigabit access, by Tony Hain. A presentation given at APNIC 38 during the APOPS 3 session.
IndustryBrief - Unified Fabrics - Just Add StorageIT Brand Pulse
This report reviews the industry initiative to merge LANs and SANs onto one Ethernet-based Unified Fabric. Included will be data from the IT pro survey conducted for this report and our analysis of the data:
LANs and networked storage diverged...again.
IT professionals view the journey to unified fabrics as a continuum, not a revolution.
SMBs are deploying unified fabrics with Ethernet LANs and iSCSI SANs.
10GbE LAN adoption is exploding because it is a huge performance leap forward
Right now, FCoE is not a huge performance leap forward for SANs.
Large enterprise adoption of FCoE will take off at 40GbE.
40% of organizations surveyed want parallel Ethernet and Fibre Channel networks.
The other 60% of IT organizations are at some stage of implementing FCoE.
The Who’s Who of vendors are delivering multi-protocol products.
The current generation of multi-protocol servers and fabrics makes it easy to mix Ethernet and Fibre Channel storage.
IT professionals recognize Cisco as the company which contributed most to 10GbE and convergence.
Cisco has the best-in-class architecture for convergence, and the broadest product line.
This e Book highlights perspectives on the new 5G technology , use cases , business models and its revolutionary impact on Telecom industry and society at large.
The document provides an overview of Cisco's evolving campus switching portfolio. It discusses increasing demands on campus networks including mobility, internet of things, and workspace flexibility. Cisco's campus blueprint addresses these demands through scalability, security, simplicity, resiliency and visibility. The portfolio includes the Catalyst 3850 series for access with multigigabit ports, the Catalyst 4500E/6500 series for aggregation/distribution, and modular Catalyst 6800 series for the core. The document highlights several new products, including the Catalyst 3850 10G fiber switch with 40G uplinks and the compact Catalyst 3560-CX and 2960-CX switches.
Current affairs-magazine-october-2012-1Ramesh Kumar
This document provides a summary of current affairs that occurred in October 2012. It includes the following key events:
1) India and Australia announced negotiations on a nuclear deal, while the UK and Scotland signed an agreement on Scottish independence and France officially recognized the 1961 Paris massacre.
2) The Nobel Prizes for 2012 were awarded, including the economics prize being won by Lloyd Shapley and Alvin Roth.
3) Hurricane Sandy, a category 2 cyclone, struck the eastern US in late October.
4) International events included India signing agreements with various countries on issues like urban development, education, and defense cooperation.
Current affairs-magazine-september-2012-1Ramesh Kumar
The document is a 34-page PDF containing current affairs content from September 2012 organized into the following sections: Pick of the Month, International, World Dairy, Economy, and Corporate. Some of the key events summarized include the 16th Non-Aligned Movement Summit being held in Tehran, India topping child mortality estimates, and the US uplifting terrorist designations from Nepali Maoists. The document provides an overview of international, economic, and corporate news from that month.
HTML Basics :
- Webpages are written in HTML, a markup language that uses tags to define text formatting and layout. Tags are words enclosed in angle brackets like <b> for bold text.
- The basic structure of an HTML page includes a head section for metadata and a body section for visible content. Headers, paragraphs, lists and other elements are marked up with tags in the body.
- Learning HTML provides benefits like creating custom pages and understanding page code from other websites. The tutorial explains common HTML tags and elements to get started building webpages.
M.K. Stalin was announced as the next party chief of the DMK in Tamil Nadu. Tulsi Gabbard became the first Hindu member of the U.S. House of Representatives to take her oath on the Bhagavad Gita. Idrees Beigh, an electrical engineer, developed a solar-powered Kangri to provide heat without using fire. China claimed to be the first country to begin construction of a new commercial nuclear power plant with a fourth generation reactor.
FTP is a session-oriented, general purpose file transfer protocol that provides user authentication, bidirectional file transfers, and relies on TCP. TFTP is a simpler file transfer protocol that provides virtually no control, allows only unidirectional transfers, relies on UDP, and does not support user authentication. Windows NT FTP server does not support TFTP due to its lack of authentication.
This document provides a summary of general knowledge related to India from various months in 2012. It includes information on recent events, people, places, awards and achievements. The document contains content that would be useful for exams or as reference material for keeping up with current Indian affairs.
This document provides an overview and table of contents for a book titled "CCNA Practice Questions (Exam 640-802) Third Edition" by Jeremy Cioara. The book contains practice questions and answers to help readers study and prepare for the CCNA certification exam. It is divided into two parts that cover the ICND1 and ICND2 exam objectives. Each part contains multiple chapters that review topics like networking fundamentals, routing, switching, WAN technologies and network security. The document lists the chapter titles and topics covered in each one to help readers understand the scope of the material in the book.
This chapter introduces HTML and the basics of creating web pages. It discusses:
- The origins of HTML and how it enabled linking between documents on the internet.
- The main components of an HTML file - tags which provide formatting instructions to browsers enclosed in angle brackets, attributes which modify tags, and closing tags to indicate the end of an element.
- The four main stages of web development - planning, creating, testing, and publishing.
- Common tags used in HTML documents including <html> to indicate HTML content, <head> for metadata, and other basic document tags.
The document describes the FCAT 01 series of Fast Ethernet Media converters. It provides media conversion from 10/100BASE-T to 100BASE-FX fiber ranging from 2km to 100km. It is available as standalone devices and in a rack-mounted chassis that can support up to 24 ports. The media converters support multimode and single-mode fiber and can propagate fiber link failures to the copper port.
The document summarizes a field trial conducted by a major U.S. service provider to test 3M's Crimplok+ fiber optic connectors. The service provider was seeking a more cost-effective solution for connecting fibers in multi-dwelling unit fiber-to-the-home deployments compared to traditional fusion splicing. In a trial connecting 240 units in Texas, technicians were able to install the Crimplok+ connectors in under five minutes on average per unit, providing reliable connections comparable to fusion splicing but at a lower cost due to faster installation and reduced equipment needs. The service provider estimated potential equipment cost savings of 75% or more and labor cost savings of 20-50% compared to fusion splicing.
This document provides an overview of using JavaScript to add dynamic content and interactivity to web pages. It discusses generating HTML dynamically with document.write, monitoring user events like clicks with event handlers, basic JavaScript syntax including objects and functions, and applications such as modifying images, extracting document info, and adjusting content based on browser window size. Examples are provided throughout to demonstrate key JavaScript concepts.
A major communications company needed to deploy a fiber optic mobile backhaul network in Las Vegas within 3 weeks. 3M provided its Fiber Dome Stubbed Terminal and External Cable Assembly solutions to enable a plug-and-play network. Within 3 weeks, 3M's solution was deployed and the first tower was operational, providing 24/7 access for maintenance and scalability. The lower cost and easy installation of 3M's terminals allowed the network to expand and add new business customers.
This document provides a summary of the Wireless Networking in the Developing World second edition book in 3 sentences or less:
The book is a practical guide for planning and building low-cost telecommunications infrastructure using wireless networking protocols. It covers topics such as radio physics, network design, antennas, hardware, security, solar power, and case studies. The book is published under a Creative Commons license to allow anyone to freely use and share the knowledge within.
This document provides instructions for logging into the SAP practice environment, explaining that new users should log in to practice without affecting live data, that authorization is based on job responsibility, and that each department has an Authorized Requester who manages user profiles for security.
The document provides an overview of Cisco's CCNA certification options and networking concepts including the OSI model. It discusses that Cisco offers a single exam or two exam option for CCNA certification. It then defines the OSI model layers and their purposes, with a focus on the lower layers including physical, data link and network layers. Sample exam questions are also provided related to the OSI model and protocols.
The document summarizes key concepts relating to the data link layer, including:
1) The data link layer provides services to the network layer such as framing data and error control. It regulates data flow and deals with transmission errors.
2) Framing involves delimiting frames with flags or escape sequences to handle bit stuffing. Error detection uses techniques like CRC checksums while error correction uses codes like Hamming codes.
3) Stop-and-wait protocols were improved with sliding window protocols using sequence numbers and acknowledgments to allow pipelining and handle lost frames more efficiently through techniques like selective repeat.
Windows Server 2012 provides capabilities that help reduce IT costs for organizations. Early adopters expected to realize administration labor cost savings of approximately $220,000 per year on average through centralized management. They also anticipated hardware and infrastructure cost savings such as an 80% improvement in workload density through virtualization and a 44% reduction in server hardware costs. Additional expected savings included a 20-40% reduction in storage space needs and reduced network bandwidth utilization through features like BranchCache.
1. D E C E M B E R 2 0 1 2 / V O L . 3 / N 0 . 6
evolution
NETWORK
BUILDING TH E INFRASTRUCTURE TO ENABLE THE CHANGING FACE OF IT
LET THE
40 GIGABIT
ETHERNET
MIGRATION
BEGIN
Early adopters
of 40 GbE share
successes …
and pitfalls PLUS:
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET
AND THE
MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET
IN THE
ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
2. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 2
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
EDITOR’S DESK
A FEW YEARS ago, a group of network
engineers laughed in my face when
I brought up an article I was writ-
ing about 10 GbE migration. All of
them were still using 1 GbE, and
only a few were even testing 10 GbE
switches. The transition, they said,
would be long and slow. It was the
classic gap between a user’s reality
and a journalist’s research.
So it may seem even stranger
this month that we have produced
an entire issue of Network Evolution
about 40 and 100 GbE migration
(we even have a piece pondering
the future of 400 and Terabit GbE).
After all, we are only at the very
beginning of widespread 10 GbE
implementation.
But things are different now than
they were a few years ago. The need
for capacity and speed is explod-
ing as network teams build private
and hybrid clouds and deliver video
throughout their campuses and
branch offices. So even if they don’t
need 40 GbE today, they’ll need to
build networks that can be transi-
tioned in the future. And that won’t
be easy, as Shamus McGillicuddy
reports in his feature “40 Gigabit
Ethernet: The migration begins.”
The transition will mean testing
new equipment as vendors race
to release 40 and 100 GbE-ready
switching. It will also require consid-
eration of new cabling and optics.
But the challenges don’t stop
there. Existing monitoring, trouble-
shooting and management tools
aren’t ready to scale to new ultra-
fast Ethernet networks, reports
contributor Jim Frey in his feature
“The 100 Gigabit Ethernet manage-
ment challenge.” The same problem
exists in scaling firewalls and intru-
sion detection devices for 40 GbE
networks. While vendors are work-
ing to upgrade monitoring and secu-
rity appliances, engineers testing or
newly implementing 40 GbE find
themselves patching the problem
by load balancing traffic across mul-
tiple 10 GbE-ready monitoring and
security devices.
The purpose of this issue isn’t to
urge readers to invest in 40 and 100
GbE. Instead, it’s to be sure that you
are aware of the challenges that lie
ahead so that when you invest in
your current 10 GbE infrastructure,
you do so with future migration to
40 and 100 GbE in mind. n
Rivka Gewirtz Little
Executive Editor
It’s Not Too Early To Worry
About 40 and 100 GbE Migration
3. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 3
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
COVER STORY
THE NEED FOR more speed and capac-
ity never goes away. Most enter-
prises are still rolling out 10 Gigabit
Ethernet links in their networks,
but already network architects and
engineers are preparing for the
future because data traffic never
stops growing. Early adopters are
testing and deploying the first
generation of 40 Gigabit Ethernet
(GbE) switches and routers to get
a step ahead of this continuous
onslaught of traffic.
“We are seeing incidental peaks
of traffic nearing 10 Gbps,” said
Jeroen van Ingen, a network engi-
neer at the University of Twente in
the Dutch city of Enschede. “Given
the traffic growth over the years, we
expect to need more capacity within
12 to 24 months. That’s why we
decided that new core equipment
should support 40 GbE.”
University of Twente’s van Ingen
is not alone in predicting the need
for 40 GbE and beyond. Research
from the Dell’Oro Group forecasts
the overall Layer 2 and Layer 3 Eth-
ernet switch market will reach $25
billion in 2016, with 40 and 100
GbE technology approaching $3 bil-
lion in sales. Meanwhile, Infonetics
Research shows sales of 40 GbE
technology sales grew 50% in both
Q1 and Q2 of this year. The expan-
sion is largely driven by bigger data
centers and the move to the cloud,
according to researchers.
The university recently upgraded
the core of the residential portion
40 GIGABIT
ETHERNET: THE
MIGRATION BEGINS
Expertsandearlyadoptersof40GigabitEthernet
sharesuccessesandpitfalls. BY SHAMUS MCGILLICUDDY
InfoneticsResearch
showssalesof40GbE
technologysalesgrew
50%inbothQ1and
Q2ofthisyear.
4. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 4
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
MIGRATING TO 40 GBE
of its campus network with two
of Cisco Systems’ new Catalyst
6500-E switches. Today, those core
switches are interconnected with
multiple 10 GbE links, but traffic is
spiking upward and the university
will need 40 GbE interconnections
soon. Van Ingen is testing a 40 GbE
interconnect between the two Cata-
lyst 6500s and plans to put two 40
GbE interconnections into produc-
tion soon.
The demand for this bandwidth
is driven by three factors: The uni-
versity is increasing its use of cloud
services and cloud storage, video
traffic to the student dormitories is
growing, and various open source
projects that are mirrored on the
university’s campus are extremely
popular.
“If we don’t keep up with
upgrades, the network experience
will get worse and worse,” van
Ingen said. “If the links actually get
saturated before we upgrade, the
increased packet loss will lead to
error messages in their applications,
actions that can’t be completed and
lost productivity in general.”
Verisign Inc., the Reston, Va.-
based Internet infrastructure pro-
vider, which manages two of the
Internet’s 13 root servers, will likely
transition to 40 GbE within two
years, according to Mike Gibbs,
Verisign’s network architect. Gibbs
and his team beta-tested the 40
GbE capabilities on Cisco’s Catalyst
6500 Supervisor Engine 2T. “The
first and most obvious place that I
suspect a lot of people will initially
install 40 gigabit is in their QA
[quality assurance] and lab environ-
ments,” he said. “It’s more conve-
nient to have testing tools and load
generation tools and interconnects
that are single links of large capac-
ity, as opposed to many aggregated
links.”
Verisign will soon have to replace
aggregated 10 GbE links with 40
GbE links, particularly to network
service devices like load balancers
and firewalls. Today, GbE-capable
load balancers and firewall appli-
ances are scarce on the market,
but the migration will happen. “As
capacity for our infrastructure has
to grow, as DNS grows, as our
denial-of-service product grows,
we’re going to need greater capacity
between devices,” Gibbs said.
“
Ifthelinksactually
getsaturatedbefore
weupgrade,the
increasedpacket
losswillleadtoerror
messagesintheir
applications.”
—JEROEN VAN INGEN,
networkengi
neer,UniversityofTwente
5. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 5
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
MIGRATING TO 40 GBE
40 GIGABIT ETHERNET:
WHEN LINK AGGREGATION
IS NO LONGER SUFFICIENT
Link aggregation has been an essen-
tial tool for network engineers for
years, whether aggregating multiple
Gigabit Ethernet links or 10 GbE
links. There always comes a time
when aggregation is no longer prac-
tical, however, and a migration to
the next generation of Ethernet is
necessary. Enterprises whose busi-
nesses are based on network per-
formance and reliability will reach a
point where link aggregation breaks
down, and they will have no choice
but to upgrade to 40 GbE.
“There’s a limit to how many
single 10-gigabit links we’ll be able
to wrap together into an aggregate
link,” Gibbs said. “With link aggre-
gation, you have a hashing mecha-
nism to send traffic across them as
equally as possible. Not every ven-
dor does that equally well. Because
of that, when you start having ven-
dors interoperate with each other,
you can’t guarantee an equal spread
across all those links. So, a single
40-gigabit link ends up being much
more preferred.”
Link aggregation is based on
the IEEE 802.1ax standard, but the
hashing algorithms each vendor
uses to load balance traffic across
multiple links is unique, according to
Dhritiman Dasgupta, senior direc-
tor of product marketing at Juniper
Networks.
“With 40 Gigabit Ethernet you
get guaranteed and dedicated
40-gigabit bandwidth, so hashing
algorithms don’t play a part any-
more,” Dasgupta said. “[When]
predictability is their business,
[networking pros] are moving to 40
gigabit. They can’t take a chance on
hashing algorithms playing a part in
how long transactions take.”
TRANSITIONING TO
40 GIGABIT ETHERNET
As is the case with every next-gen-
eration Ethernet standard, the tran-
sition from 10 GbE to 40 GbE will
not be disruptive, Dasgupta said.
From a protocol standpoint, TCP,
UDP and Layer 2 and Layer 3 proto-
cols remain unchanged.
“The things that need to change
are the cabling and the optics at
both ends,” he said.
Specifically, enterprises will
need to deploy new fiber—OM3 or
OM4—for link lengths of up to 100
meters and duplex single-mode
fiber (SMF) for links up to 10 kilo-
meters. Of course, new transceivers
will also become necessary, wheth-
er SR4 or LR4.
Many enterprises are already
thinking about the path to 40 GbE
as they install 10 GbE today, and are
rolling out ribbon fiber that can sup-
port the higher bandwidth.
While many enterprises install
40 GbE-ready infrastructure dur-
6. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 6
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
MIGRATING TO 40 GBE
ing a 10 GbE upgrade to save time
and money, those savings will only
happen if the networking team
maintains the cabling plant prop-
erly. Signal loss tolerance for a 40
GbE network is extremely low in
comparison to Gigabit Ethernet and
10 GbE, and it can be challenging to
achieve an acceptable rate of loss.
“People will connect fiber up and
never have cleaned it and never
inspected it,” said Ed Gastle, prod-
uct line manager for JDS Uniphase
Corp. (JDSU), a Milpitas, Calif.-
based optical test and measure-
ment company. “The [40 GbE] links
will come up and they will work, but
you’ll be taking errors because your
data is getting corrupted.”
Poor fiber maintenance became
an issue during Interop Las Vegas
in 2011, he added. JDSU provided
the testing and measurement for
InteropNet that year. That year, the
InteropNet network upgraded from
Gigabit Ethernet to 10 GbE.
“They had a whole bunch of fiber
out, but they hadn’t treated it very
well,” he said. “They hadn’t been
cleaning and inspecting it. And now
they were trying to run 10 giga-
bit. Well, guess what? It doesn’t
work. Now you have to go through
a recovery effort to get your end
faces to good enough loss [levels]
to support 10 gigabit. We were able
to get a few of them back by aggres-
sively cleaning them, but it takes a
lot of time. And if you have to re-
terminate [the fiber], it takes a lot of
money.”
The migration to 40 GbE is even
more sensitive to poorly maintained
fiber. Enterprises need to inspect
and clean the end faces on those
fiber links because the next genera-
tion of Ethernet will have a much
lower loss budget.
“We hear more and more that as
these speeds go up, systems are not
coming up at all or are coming up
and having problems,” Gastle said.
“Then we start to troubleshoot and
we find that the problem is caused
by a poorly maintained end face.
They’ve been connected up so many
times that dirt and debris has been
ground into it and you … have to re-
terminate that fiber.”
Connecting dirty fiber to active
equipment can also spread damage,
he said. Anything short of pristine
fiber can pose a risk of damage to
the optics, for instance.
SECURING AND MONITORING
40 GIGABIT ETHERNET LINKS
As network engineers deploy 40
GbE switches and routers, eventual-
ly they’ll need Layer 4-7 appliances,
such as application delivery control-
lers, firewalls or WAN optimization
controllers, that can handle 40 GbE
traffic. They also need evaluate how
these devices monitor the network,
whether it is for security or perfor-
mance.
7. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 7
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
MIGRATING TO 40 GBE
“It’s not the link speed that you
have to be concerned about,” said
Verisign’s Gibbs, who is evaluating
40 Gbps firewalls. “It’s whether or
not the systems can actually do the
processing of the traffic between
them, especially firewalls, where
every packet is going to be at least
briefly reviewed at a minimum of
Layer 3, if not Layer 4, all the way
up to Layer 7. That takes a huge
amount of computational power.”
Some organizations will want line
rate visibility right at the 40 GbE
link. The University of Texas at Aus-
tin has deployed high-availability
(HA) pairs of Cisco Nexus 7000s
switches in two data centers, with
40 GbE interlinks between the HA
pairs and between the data centers,
according to Brent Boggan, regional
sales manager at Ixia, a network
monitoring vendor based in Cala-
basas, Calif., which has helped the
school instrument the network for
visibility.
Boggan said the university has
40 GbE links in each of two Austin
data centers. Ixia put a physical,
passive optical 40 Gbps tap on each
of those connections. The monitor-
ing ports coming out of those taps
then flow into a network monitoring
switch, the Anue Net Tool Optimiz-
er (NTO) 5288, which can process
up to 40 Gbps of data at full duplex.
The NTO 5288 then filters, rep-
licates and load balances that 40
Gbps flow across multiple 10 Gbps
tools, including multiple intrusion
detection appliances like Source-
Fire’s Real-time Network Aware-
ness tool.
Still, early adopters will have to
deal with limitations of existing
technology. Many organizations
will rely on NetFlow and SNMP for
network visibility because line-rate
packet analysis will remain a chal-
lenge.
The University of Twente will use
open source SNMP counters and
NetFlow analyzers to maintain vis-
ibility on its 40 GbE links, van Ingen
said. For packet visibility, he per-
forms full packet captures on the 10
GbE links that are aggregated by the
Catalyst 6500.
“If we really need to do full packet
analysis on a 40 Gbps link, we’ll
probably configure a high-end serv-
er with a multiport 10 GbE card and
see how far that gets us,” he said.
Verisign relies on NetFlow and
SNMP to monitor its 10 GbE net-
work today and will probably con-
tinue that approach as it migrates to
Manyorganizations
willrelyonNetFlow
andSNMPfornetwork
visibilitybecauseline-
ratepacketanalysis
willremainachal
lenge.
8. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 8
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
MIGRATING TO 40 GBE
40 GbE, Gibbs said.
But the process is imperfect,
Gibbs acknowledged. Some events
will always slip through. These pro-
tocols won’t always reveal bursts of
traffic going up and down. On the
security side, something malicious
can slip through very easily.
“You’re looking at patterns to
figure things out instead of looking
for something inside of a packet,”
he said. “It also means any [probing
attack] with a single or couple of
packets you might miss because it’s
outside of your sampling point. It’s
a known risk everyone has to deal
with, but it is the side effect of more
bandwidth and more speed.”
Mitigating that risk involves a
multi-tiered solution for monitoring
and security, Gibbs said. Network
engineers need to continue watch-
ing what’s going on in NetFlow and
other sampling technologies, but
then have another tier of defense
with inspection devices down-
stream in the network.
“Don’t just look at these [core]
routers,” he said. “If you miss it at
the core routers, you should catch
it in a net further down in the
chain.”n
9. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 9
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
DO 100 GBE MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING TOOLS EXIST?
IT MAY BE early days for 100 Gigabit
Ethernet, but many service provid-
ers have deployed the technology,
and now a small but growing num-
ber of enterprises are proceeding
with it as well. As soon as 100 GbE
is in live production, network and
security pros will need to manage
and monitor these networks. Herein
lies the challenge—some manage-
ment tools are ready for this next
level of ultra-speed, but some clear-
ly are not.
Of 15 network management and
monitoring vendors contacted for
recent research, very few had con-
crete products in place or even a
near-term roadmap. Yet most are
aware of the emerging need for 100
GbE monitoring and management
and are exploring how to accommo-
date customers.
The difficulty of monitoring 100
GbE networks varies depending on
the type of network management
tool or strategy. Some network
management strategies lend them-
selves more easily to adapting to
ultra-high speed networks, while
others must be heavily transformed.
The following is an assessment of
existing network management strat-
egies and whether they’re ready to
handle 100 GbE networks.
n Fault/availability management:
Since 100 GbE is delivered via net-
work devices, the first objective is to
make sure that tools for the network
operations center (NOC) are ready
to discover and recognize these
devices. That will mean recogniz-
ing the new interfaces they employ,
their topology placement, and their
DO 100 GBE
MANAGEMENT
AND MONITORING
TOOLS EXIST?
Vendorsareracingtorelease100GbEswitching,but
networkmonitoringtoolsmaynotbeabletokeeppace.
BY JIM FREY
10. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 10
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
DO 100 GBE MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING TOOLS EXIST?
ongoing health. These basic capa-
bilities are already present in most
fault/availability monitoring plat-
forms today, particularly among
products that have been deployed
in service provider environments
(i.e. ISPs, mobile operators, hosting
providers) where 100G is already in
place today. These tools may need
to be scaled down for an enterprise
network environment.
n Statistics-based performance
management: Things get a bit stick-
ier when you look at performance
management platforms that gather
statistics by regular polling of net-
work devices. While many metrics
will not be directly affected, traffic
polling counters may be insufficient
for tracking total volume of activity
unless those counters are harvested
on a much more rapid basis than
polling engines are typically con-
figured to support. This will not be
a problem in the early days of 100
GbE, as total traffic volumes will ini-
tially be far less than total capacity,
but eventually these tools will need
to scale.
n Flow-based security and perfor-
mance management: Tools that use
technologies such as NetFlow or
IPv6 to gather data regarding com-
position volume of traffic should
be essentially agnostic to 100 GbE,
and will be stressed only if traffic
volumes rise to a level that results in
flow record volumes beyond a tool’s
capacity to collect and analyze.
Again, that’s not likely to occur in
the near term, as flow-based tools
designed for today’s enterprise or
service provider environments are
already equipped to handle very
high volumes of flow record data.
n Packet-based security and perfor-
mance management: Here’s where
we run into a major problem. Packet
inspection tools are the heavy lift-
ers of the management tools sector,
and they face the greatest technical
challenge when trying to accom-
modate increased network speeds.
There are a few essential parts to
this challenge—getting to the pack-
ets, distributing the packets for
analysis, and analyzing the packets.
There are no packet analysis tools
available today that can directly
support 40 GbE, let alone 100 GbE,
at full line rates. Many have certified
full 10 GbE support and a few offer
40 GbE interfaces, but none have
addressed 100 GbE at this time.
SCALING PACKET INSPECTION TOOLS
TO MEET 100 GBE NETWORKS
The only viable approach to 100
GbE network management today is
adapt existing tools that are today
only rated to 10 GbE. This requires a
two-part process.
The first step is gathering packets
at 100 GbE. There are currently two
11. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 11
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
DO 100 GBE MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING TOOLS EXIST?
techniques primarily used for gath-
ering packets for analysis – TAP and
SPAN (a.k.a. port mirroring.) SPAN
is a function of the network device
itself, but taps must be upgraded
to support 100 GbE. The good
news here is that taps are already
available for 100 GbE. NetOptics
released the 100G Flex Tap back in
September, and the company claims
deployments are already underway
in mobile telco, ISP and hosting
provider shops. ONPATH (which is
being acquired by NetScout) is also
shipping 100G-rated, Layer 1 access
devices in the form of Optical Blade
for its 3900 switch family, mostly
to testing environments. Other L1
vendors have this on their roadmaps,
so expect more options coming in
2013.
The second element of deep
packet inspection is distributing
packets at 100G. This is the job
of network monitoring switches
(a.k.a. network packet brokers),
which adapt traffic from 100 GbE
interfaces over to 10 GbE interfaces
to manage the torrent of packets
via load balancing, slicing, filtering,
etc. The idea is to prevent analy-
sis tools from being overwhelmed.
While 100 GbE is on the roadmap
of some vendors (some say they’ll
have product in early 2013), Endace
was the first to productize and ship
a solution. The EndaceAccess 100
provides L1 adaptation and load
balancing so that 10G-rated packet
analysis tools can be deployed to
monitor 100 GbE links. The solution
is deployed and being used in pro-
duction by Endace customers today.
Other vendors are working on 100
GbE network monitoring switching
as well. For example, on Novem-
ber 1, 2012, Gigamon announced
it would be demonstrating 100G
aggregation and connections later
in the month. Expect to see others
making announcements late this
year and early next.
For many, 100 GbE is far off in
the future, so there is no immediate
need to worry about how to man-
age it. But for those at this bleeding
edge, core fault/availability tools
are ready now, and recent introduc-
tions by companies such as NetOp-
tics, ONPATH, and Endace, place
packet-based security and perfor-
mance monitoring within reach. n
MORE ON NETWORK
MONITORING TOOLS
n
Deep packet inspection tools:
Proxy vs. stream-based
n
Cloud monitoring tools:
Using Wireshark in the cloud
n
Network diagnostics that
see through virtualization
n
Network performance
testing for a 40 GbE upgrade
12. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 12
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
WILL WE EVER NEED 400 GIGABIT ETHERNET ENTERPRISE NETWORKS?
THOUGH 10 GIGABIT ETHERNET (GbE) is
just at the beginning of widespread
uptake, there’s already plenty of talk
in the market about the need for 40
and 100 GbE in the enterprise. In
the middle of all this, do we need to
consider the potential for 400 Giga-
bit Ethernet in the WAN and LAN?
The answer is, plainly, yes.
The IEEE has just formed a work-
ing group to determine whether
there will be need for 400 GbE
or Terabit Ethernet development.
But we are already some looming
use cases—even in the enterprise
LAN—that will drive the need for
400 Gigabit Ethernet.
In general, high-speed standards
like 400 GbE or even Terabit Eth-
ernet are applied deeper in the
network where traffic has been
aggregated. For now, computer and
storage interface standards define
transfer rates well below 100 GbE,
so that won’t cause demand. But
since the edge of the network is
getting faster, it would be sensible
to assume that this higher edge
traffic would force up speeds in the
metro/core aggregation network as
well.
Modern networks, whether they
span the globe or only the data
center, are built on a hierarchy of
devices, with “deeper” switches or
routers networking the edge devices
together for full connectivity. This
has encouraged the use of succes-
sively faster trunks as port speeds
have increased. The trend makes it
logical to assume that future LAN
switches or WAN switch/routers
will need 400 GbE or faster. More
traffic, more capacity. But traffic
WILL WE EVER
NEED 400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET ENTER-
PRISE NETWORKS?
With40and100GigabitEthernetsonew,whatcould
possiblydrivetheneedfor400GigabitEthernetinthe
enterprise?Hint:It’snotjusttheWAN. BY TOM NOLLE
13. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 13
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
WILL WE EVER NEED 400 GIGABIT ETHERNET ENTERPRISE NETWORKS?
doesn’t impact the WAN or LAN
uniformly—and therefore the needs
may be vastly different in the two
network types.
IN THE WAN, THINK FASTER
ETHERNET FOR OPTICAL SWITCHING
In the WAN, the largest source of
additional traffic in the future net-
work will likely be content. That
content is increasingly cached in a
content delivery networks (CDNs)
or in content farms in each metro
area. This means that while the
growth of access bandwidth is likely
to continue, and this increased edge
capacity will demand greater capac-
ity in the metro area for aggrega-
tion, the majority of content traffic
will stop in the metro cache and
never reach the core at all. In that
case, within a metro there’s less
traffic to aggregate, which means
there’s less pressure on Ethernet
performance.
It’s likely that there will be greater
need for faster Ethernet interfaces
on optical switches and optical
point-to-point paths in metro net-
working. Almost all traffic in a metro
network goes one place—the metro
concentration point, where it’s con-
nected to a cache, a data center or
the core network. Ethernet routing
or switching based on destination
address is hardly useful when all the
traffic is headed in the same direction.
Even when traffic does reach the
core, which would be the case for
business traffic and especially video
conferencing, that traffic may not
drive the kind of changes everyone
expects at the equipment level.
Operators have been looking for
alternatives to adding more lay-
ers of switch/router aggregation,
including the optical transport net-
work (OTN) or the routerless core.
In both of these alternative network
architectures, metro areas are con-
nected to each other in a mesh
rather than to deeper-level electri-
cal devices like routers (hence the
term routerless). Because traffic is
limited to each metro area partner,
it’s less likely this connection would
demand a radical increase in Eth-
ernet speeds. However, even when
traffic growth does drive faster Eth-
ernet interfaces, they’re again more
likely to be used on optical devices
than on Ethernet switches or routers.
MORE ON NEXT-GENERATION
ETHERNET
n
IEEE explores new standards
for ultra-fast Ethernet
n
40 Gigabit Ethernet in the
data center: Migration best
practices
n
Research institute deploys
100 Gigabit Ethernet from
core to closet
14. NETWORK EVOLUTION E-ZINE • DECEMBER 2012 14
HOME
EDITOR’S DESK
LET THE 40
GIGABIT ETHERNET
MIGRATION BEGIN
ULTRA-FAST
ETHERNET AND
THE MONITORING
CHALLENGE
400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET IN
THE ENTERPRISE …
REALLY?
WILL WE EVER NEED 400 GIGABIT ETHERNET ENTERPRISE NETWORKS?
SURPRISE, SURPRISE: 400 GIGABIT
ETHERNET NEEDED FOR THE LAN
In the LAN, it’s harder to discard the
notion that uniform connectivity is
needed. Cloud computing encour-
ages the creation of dense, highly
connected, data centers. Cloud
applications are often more compo-
nentized and horizontally integrated
than traditional applications, which
makes traditional multi-tiered LAN
switching performance more prob-
lematic. In a cloud data center, even
10 GbE server/storage interfaces
connected in a four- or five-layer
structure might drive switch inter-
face speeds to 400 GbE or more in
the deeper layers.
While intra-data-center con-
nectivity seems to be migrating to
fabric switching, and away from
traditional stacks of LAN switches,
that may not preclude the need for
faster, 400 GbEd. Fabric switches
today either have no internal trunk
connections, or base their connec-
tions on standards other than Eth-
ernet. But when clouds are created
by linking multiple data centers over
fiber, a super-Ethernet connection is
almost inevitable.
The bottom line is that we need
faster Ethernet. Faster Ethernet will
connect cloud data centers and will
support optical metro aggregation
and OTN-based cloud core net-
works. While these missions are
more limited than that of 1 GbE, for
example, they will be of paramount
importance to network design in the
future, and so it is very likely that
the race for faster Ethernet will con-
tinue. n
FasterEthernetwill
connectclouddatacen-
tersandwillsup
port
opticalmetroaggrega-
tionandOTN-based
cloudcorenetworks.