This document discusses different types of real numbers:
1) Natural numbers are counting numbers starting at 1.
2) Whole numbers include natural numbers and 0.
3) Integers include whole numbers and their opposites.
4) Rational numbers are numbers that can be expressed as a/b where a and b are integers and b is not 0.
5) Irrational numbers are non-terminating, non-repeating decimals like the square root of 2.
The document provides examples of numbers and asks the reader to identify them as rational or irrational. It explains that humans created new number sets to advance mathematics.