The document discusses the fundamentals of statistics, including data collection, classification, and interpretation, highlighting the importance of numerical data and its representation through various graphs and tables. It explains concepts such as frequency distribution, raw data, and grouped data using examples related to family sizes and student marks. The document also provides practical exercises for creating frequency distribution tables based on given data.

1. DATA - HANDLING
By Ms Geetanjali
youtube channel-
Geetanjali Adhikari
https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=g5JTMQEg

2.  Statistics is the branch of science which deals
with the collection, classification , tabulation
and interpretation of numerical data

3.  Collection of Raw facts and figures is called
data.
 i.e 2,4,56,anil, amul, 78, etc
 Each numerical facts of this type is known as
an observation/numerical data.

5.  Pictograph
 Bar graph
 Double bar graph
 Pie chart
 Histogram
 polygon

6. PICTOGRAPH
(i) 250
(ii) SEPTEMBER
400

8. ANS: (i) No. of students in each year in class 8th
(II) 2003-2004
(III)2007-2008
(IV) yes

9. ANS: (i) marks obtained by students in maths and science
(ii)maths
(iii)english

10.  Frequency of an observation:
The number of times a particular observation
occurs in a given data is called its frequency.
i.E 4,4,5,5,5,5,7,8,7,7,7
Number 4- 2times
Number 5 -3 times
Number 7 - 4 times
Number 8- 1 times
Frequency

11.  Data which gather from the experiment or
study.
 Here, the data is raw it is not sorted in
categories.
 An ungrouped data basically a no’s.
 Example: score of batsman in 5 matches
45,34,2,77and 80

12. Q 1: The number of members in 20 families are given below:
4,6,5,5,4,6,3,5,3,5,4,3,5,4,6,7,3,5,7,5.
a) Prepare a frequency distribution table.
b) How many families has less than five members?

13.  It is the type of raw data categorised into
various groups.
 Here, the data is large.
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
 Presentation of data in groups along with the
frequency of each group is known as the
frequency distribution of the grouped data

14. Q: The marks obtained by 40 students of class VIII in an examination are given below :
16, 17, 18, 3, 7, 23, 18, 13, 10, 21, 7, 1, 13, 21, 13, 15, 19, 24, 16, 3, 23, 5, 12, 18, 8, 12, 6, 8, 16, 5, 3, 5,
0, 7, 9, 12, 20, 10, 2, 23.
Divide the data into five groups namely 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20 and 20-25 and prepare a grouped
frequency table.
MARKS TALLY MARKS FREQUENCY
0-5 |||| | 6
5-10 |||| |||| 10
10-15 |||| || 8
15-20 |||| |||| 9
20-25 |||| | 7
TOTAL 40