D block exam_review_

Question: What was India's first step in gaining a say in government?

ANSWER: They formed the Indian National Congress

Question: What were the Morley-Minto reforms?

ANSWER: The documents which enabled the British to appoint "non-official" representatives

ANSWER: It is a dual- form of administration (two) Power is shared

Question: Which document formed a dyarchy between the British and the Indians?

ANSWER: The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms

Question: How did the British keep most of their power, even though it was a dyarchy?

ANSWER: The British took control of the more important areas of government (examples: military, finance, etc.) and they pu India n charge of the less important areas of government (examples: agriculture, education, etc.)

Question: What was the effect of India's increasing say in government?

ANSWER: It led to their nationalism

Question: What were the Rowlatt laws?

ANSWER: The Rowlatt Laws were laws that enabled the government to imprison anyone without trial

Question: What was the Amristar Massacre?

ANSWER: Protest of the Indians were the British fired into the crowd and killed and wounded many people (Gandhi movie)

Question: Who did the massacre bring into Indian politics?

Question: What was Gandhi's non-violence mass movement?

ANSWER: this was Gandhi's peaceful movement where he and his followers would not cooperate with the British laws and demands

Question: What was this based off of?

ANSWER: I was based off of his beliefs in Ahimsa (non-violence to all living things)

Question: What was the Salt March?

ANSWER: This was Gandhi's historic march with many followers when he went to the Indian Ocean and made tax-free salt

Question: What was the significance of the media following the Salt March?

ANSWER: It caused the Indian protest to be worldwide

Question: What problems did India have after they achieved independence?

ANSWER: They had both a Hindu and Muslim populace

Question: Who was Muhammad Ali Jinnah?

ANSWER: The first Muslim Prime Minister

Question: Who killed Ghandi and why?

ANSWER: N. V. Godse was a Hindu extremest who killed Gandhi because he believed that Gandhi was to tolerant to the Muslims

Question: What is a Gram-Sevak

ANSWER: The government appointed leader of an certain area of land

ANSWER: the leader of the area of farmers in their divisions who is appointed by the people

Question: Who is Jawaharlal Nehru

ANSWER: successor to Gandhi's as the Indian National Congress Leader

Question: Why were there mass migrations after the Indians gained their independence

ANSWER: The Muslims were forced to flee to Pakistan because that was the purely Muslim state

Question: What is the caste system?

ANSWER: It is a social system based on purity. It is split by birth, occupation and wealth.

Question: List the caste system in order

ANSWER: Brahmans Kshatrya Vaisyas Shudras Untouchables

Question: Is there a founder AND a religious book of Hinduism?

ANSWER: No there is no religious book

Question: List three beliefs of Hindus

ANSWER: 1) Some believe God is everywhere 2)Believe in supreme beings such as Brahmans 3)worship statues of gods These are just the ones in the book clearly there are more

Question: All of the following were major deities EXCEPT Vishnu Siva Devi Krishna

Question: If Hinduism doesnt have a main religious book do they have scriptures and if so what are they called?

ANSWER: Yes, they are called Vedas

Question: what are the two longest poems written?

ANSWER: Mahabhrata and Ramayana

Question: What are three key parts to the Hindu religion?

ANSWER: 1)Reincarnation-Upon dying the soul moves on to another body. Hundus believe that if you have good karma then you will move up one level in the caste system. 2)Karma-A person's actions in life determines their future state upon rebirth 3)Dharma-Set of rules or "path of righteousness" for Hindus

Question: List two things that is in the religious practices of an average Hindu

ANSWER: 1) Pilgrimage to holy cities on foot 2)Wash hands and feet in holy river like the Ganges before praying 3) Cremation of the loved one 4)Believing that all life is sacred especially the cattle, which is referred as a sacred animal

Question: Why did Islam have so many converts in India

ANSWER: 1) Liked the thought that everyone was equal under the eyes of God 2) Was a way for them to ESCAPE the caste system

Question: Name the five pillars

ANSWER: Shahada Salat Sawm Zakat Hajj

Question: Why did Islam have a positive effect on the subcontinent?

ANSWER: It brought in the belief that everyone was equal in the eyes of god, it also was a way to escape the caste system.

Question: What ties Dharma, karma, and reincarnation together?

ANSWER: It is said by the Hindus that if you have good Karma by living according to your dharma then you will be re-born one level up on the caste system in your next life.

Question: Name teh fiev other religions that are followed in India

ANSWER: Jainism Bhuddism Sikhs Christianity Parisis

Question: Describe Janism: What do they believe in? How many members do they have today?

ANSWER: Janism: They belive in education and ahimsa: non violence to all living things today there are 3.2 million members of Janism *derived from Hinduism

Question: Describe Sikhs: How was it created? What do they believe in? Any cultural traditions? How many Sikhs are there? Where do they live and what language do they speak?

ANSWER: Sikhs: Made of ideas from Hinduism and Islam. NO Hindu caste system but believe in reincarnation Their book: Granth Sahib No tobacco or alchol, they do NOT cut their hair (but they put it in a turban), most of the 14 million live in Punjab and speak Punjabi. *All names include the word "singh" meaning lion.

Question: Describe Parsis: Who is their God and prophet? Where do most live? Any traditions?

ANSWER: Parsis: Founded in Persia in 1000 BC, prophet: Zoroster, God: Ahura-Mazda Mainly live around Bombay They bathe before praying, when someone dies they are placed on "The Tower of Silence" Only a decendent of a Parsi can become a Parsi.

Question: What is the Bhagavad Gita?

ANSWER: Book of major beliefs in Hinduism. 200 BC, non-violence, cleanliness

ANSWER: Religious books of Hinduism.

Question: What is the Rig Veda?

Question: Why were Europeans so interested in India?

ANSWER: Spices! Why: -cured meat -gave flavor to sour wine

Question: How did the British gain a foothold?

ANSWER: Military Superiority, Adminstrative Power, Mogul Decline, Divide & Conquer

Question: Important Events leading to British Gov Control

ANSWER: 1. Sepoy Mutiny 2. British Raj 3. Strong Governor Generals

Question: Positive effects of British Rule India

ANSWER: 1. India=largely unified 2. Concrete improvements were made (a) best railroad system constructed (b)national postal and telegraph system (c)canal system 3. New schools started by British 4. Law and order established 5. Textile/steel plants were built

Question:Negative Effects of British Rule in India

ANSWER: 1.present poverty 2. improvements paid by INDIAN taxpayers 3. Almost complete seperation of ruler to ruled ( ruler to citizens) (a) Indians barred from senior positions in Civil Service (I)allowed British total control

Question: What was the immediate cause of The Sepoy Mutiny?

ANSWER: Cow fat being used to grease weapons (sacred to Sepoys)

Question: What were other potential causes to The Sepoy Mutiny?

ANSWER: Oversea travel(vaisyas are not allowed railroad (westernized) telegraph (westernized) Christianity (conversion)

Question:What was the underlying ALL of the other causes?

ANSWER: British were taking control and Indians were losing their culture! Their culture was dying!

Question:What is the significance of The Sepoy Mutiny?

ANSWER: Cause: Sepoy Mutiny Effect: "an Act for the Better Government of India"(British Raj) *British saw the built up anger that finally came out so they tried to make rule more "equal"

ANSWER: Rich, Large, Man who cuts up land and rents it to tenant farmers(Native indians)

Question: Who was the Portugeese man who found a route to India that cut out the Middle East?

Question: Who was the Britishman who with 3,000 soldiers killed the French's 50,000 soldiers?

Question: Who was the leader of the 50,000 French Soldiers who were defeated by Robert Clive?

Question: Who was the Portugeese man who from 1509-1515 took control of various port areas and the cities of Goa?

ANSWER: Alfonaso de Albuquerque

Question: Who was the -governor of Bengal from 1772-1785 -first governor general of India -started Indian Civil service -abolished taxes on imports and exports

Question: Who was the -governor general from 1828-1835 -stopped traditional practices such as suttee and female infanticide

Question: Who was the -governor general from 1848-1856 -annexed Punjab and burma -set up department of Public Instruction=elementry education

Question: Who were the Native Indians who become British Soldiers?

Question: Who was the founder of the Indian National Congress?

Question: Who was the Good guy in the INC? Who was the Bad guy in the INC?

ANSWER: Good Guy= Gopal K. Gopale Bad Guy= Bal G. Tilak

Question: How many people live in the subcontinent?

Question: What are the four major geographical areas of India?

ANSWER: -The Himalayas -The Lowland plain -The Deccan plateau -The Southern coastal plains

Question: What are the major river systems in India?

ANSWER: Indus-1,900 miles from Tibet through Himalayas and across Pakistan Ganges-1,560 miles from the Himalayas across nothern India into Bangladesh meets with Brahmaputra and pours into the Bay of Bengal Brahmaputra-700 miles from Tibet throught the Himalayas into the northern part of India to the Bay of Bengal with the Ganges

Question: What are the most common lanuages that are spoken in the subcontient?

ANSWER: 16 different languages -Hindi -Urdu -Bengali -Sanskri -Iranian -English

Question: Who was the founder of Buddhism?

Question: What is the main goal of Buddhism

ANSWER: To eliminate desire through the eightfold path

Question: According to the 4 Noble Truths, what causes suffering?

Question: Who is the supreme being in Buddhism?

Question: What is the name of the books that people put Buddha's teachings into?

Question Who was the first governor general

Question: Who made English the official language, abolished sutee and female infanticide?

Question: Who ruled from 1848-1856?

Question: What was the most important thing that Lord Wellesley did?

ANSWER: Forced alliances that left them dependant on Britian

Question: What did Lord Amherst do?

ANSWER: Annexed Assam and conducted war against King of Burma

Question: Which governor general changed the government the most?

Question: Was the majority of the Population of Kasmir Hindu or Muslim

ANSWER: Population was Muslim Leader was Hindu

Question: Why was India opposed to and Independent Kashmir?

ANSWER: They feared that more Indian States would want to become Indpendent

Question: What was the final solution?

ANSWER: *Trick question* There was not a solution, they are ill fighting over 1/3 of it today

Question: What does the term foreign policy mean?

ANSWER: The decisions/rules/guidlines relating to things that are foreign [countries]

Question: What is non alignment?

ANSWER: It is listening to both sides then deciding who's side you are on. You are going into it "no-aligned"

ANSWER: Neutrality: is not getting involved

Question: What three main things did East and West Pakista differ in?

ANSWER: land, language, and pre-independence history

Question: What was the main problem for East and West Pakistan?

ANSWER: How to govern such a geographically widely separated nation

Question: Where was the main seat of government located?

Question: Where was the majority of the citizens located?

Question: What was the Awami League?

ANSWER: a political party that sought greater autonomy for East Pakistan

Question: Who founded the Awami League?

Question: When the cyclone and tidal wave hit East Pakistan and killed 600,000 people, what did the Bengalis feel about the government?

ANSWER: They felt that the central government was indifferent and was not supplying sufficient aid

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