This document discusses curcumin, the active constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) that is used for its antitumor properties. It describes how curcumin is extracted from turmeric using a solvent extraction method. The key chemical constituents of turmeric include curcumin (~75%), demethoxycurcumin (~5%), and bisdemethoxycurcumin (~20%). Curcumin has a unique chemical structure that allows it to exist in both keto and enol forms. The document explores curcumin's mechanism of action and various structure-activity relationships, including how modifications to its aromatic rings and diketone chain can influence its biological activity.

1. ACTIVE CONSTITUENT OF
CURCUMA LONGA LINN (TURMERIC)
USED AS ANTITUMOR
Present by –Pranjal Tidke
M.Pharm 1st year
(pharmaceutical chemistry)

2. CURCUMA LONGA LINN (TURMERIC)
• Synonyms
• Saffron Indian; Haldi; Curcuma; Rhizoma
curcumae.
• Biological Source
• Turmeric is the dried rhizome of Curcuma longa
Linn. belonging to family Zingiberaceae.
• Geographical Source
• The plant is a native to southern Asia and is
cultivated extensively in temperate regions.
• It is grown on a larger scale in India, China, East
Indies and Pakistan.

5. EXTRACTION METHOD
1. Pieces of
dried
rhizomes
2. Transferred
into glass
bottle
3. Gradually
shaken to mix the
material
4. Placed in
dark at Room
Temperature
5. Extract filter by muslin
cloth followed by
whatmann filter paper
6. Clear
solution collect
in amber
reagent bottle
Solvent Extraction Method :

6. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENT:
Turmeric
Curcumin
(75%)
BDMCur
(5%)
DMCur
(20%)

8. CURCUMIN
• Curcumin is unique in structure for possessing two isomer,enol form & B-
diketone form.
• Chemically it is 1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione
or diferuloylmethane,that exhibits keto-enol tautomerism.
• It is a member of the diarylheptanoid
• This class is comprised of two aromatic rings linked by 1,6-heptadiene-3,5-
dione moiety
• Curcumin exists in multiple tautomeric states in which the diketone is stable in
the enol state while being easily deprotonated to the keto state .

9. CHEMICAL STRUCTURES OF
KETO AND ENOL FORMS OF CURCUMIN

11. GENERAL MECHANISM OF
ACTION

12. MECHANISM OF ACTION

15. STRUCTURE ACTIVITY
RELATIONSHIP
(SAR)

16. MODIFICATION ON THE
AROMATIC RING
• Curcumin has two phenyl rings & substitutions at 3 & 4 positions with methoxy &
hydroxyl groups respectively. it undergoes extensive in vito & in vivo phase1 & phase II
metabolism through oxidation,reduction,glucuronidation & sulfation.
The glucoronidation and sulfation occur on the 4-OH groups present on both
phenyl ring of curcumin,enhance the activity.
• Removal of 3-OCH3 groups from phenyl ring or exchange of 3-OCH3 & 4-OH group on
phenyl ring of curcumin,there loss of antiproliferative activity.
• The etherification,esterification or sulphation of 4-OH group on aromatic rings without
loss of oxygen functionality and no alteration of 3-OCH3 group can produce potent
anticancer agents.
However,removal of hydroxyl group results in loss of potency.

17. MODIFICATION IN THE B-DIKETONE
CHAIN (1,6-HEPTADIENE-3,5-DIONE)
• Introduction of pyrazole ring in to the B-ketone chain enhances the anti-proliferative
activity.the compound possesses more antiangiogenic & androgen receptor
antagonistic activity than curcumin.19
• Modification of B-diketone moiety into isoxazole ring in the chain of curcumin
enhances anti tumor activity.20
• Replacement of both the oxygen atoms with nitrogen atom gave active promising
results.
• Reduction of chain length to 5carbons removal of one of the carbonyl group results
in improved structural stablity in vitro and improved pharmacokinetic profile in vivo.

18. MEDICINAL ACTIVITY
Antitumor activity
Antioxidant activity
Antidiabetic activity
Hepatoprotective activity
Antialzhiemer activity
Anti-HIV activity
Antivenom activity
Anti-inflammatory activity
Antibacterial activity
Digestive Agent

19. USES

20. SYNTHESIS

21. PRODUCT

22. THANK
YOU..!!!