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MAINS GENERAL STUDIES PAPER - IV
(Technology, Economic Development, Bio diversity, Environment, Security
and Disaster Management)
TOPICS REFERENCES
1. Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of resources,
growth, development and employment.
References:
11th
NCERT: Economics: Indian Economic Development
Economic Survey of India
Report: 12th
Five Year Plan 2012-17 Documents (Planning Commission)
2. Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
References:
Indian Economy – R. Dutt & Sundaram
3. Government Budgeting.
References:
Indian Economy – R. Dutt & Sundaram
The Penguin Dictionary of Economics
Journals/Websites:
Economic Political Weekly
4. Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country, different types of
irrigation and irrigation systems storage, transport and marketing of agricultural
produce and issues and related constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers.
References:
India since Independence – Bipan Chandra (Land Reform)
12th
NCERT: Geography: India People and Economy
11th
NCERT: Economics: Indian Economic Development
Report: 12th
Five Year plan 2012-17 Documents (Planning Commission)

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5. Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices;
Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping;
issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of
animal-rearing.
References:
Economic survey of India
Indian Economy – R. Dutt & Sundaram
Indian Economy Since Independence – Uma Kapila
India Year Book
6. Food processing and related industries in India- scope and significance,
location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management.
7. Land reforms in India.
References:
India since Independence – Bipin Chandra (Land Reform)
8. Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their
effects on industrial growth.
References:
Indian Economy Since Independence – Uma Kapila
2nd
ARC Report (Strengthening Financial management Systems)
India Year Book
9. Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways, etc.
2nd
ARC Report (Strengthening Financial management Systems)
10.Investment models.
11.Science and Technology - developments and their applications and effects in
everyday life Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization
of technology and developing new technology.
References:

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Science & Technology: TMH Publication or Spectrum Publication
Science Reporter
12.Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology,
bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
References:
The Hindu
13.Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact
assessment.
References:
Our Environment – NCERT (VII)
Ecology: Unit 10th
– Class 12th
Biology (NCERT)
Ecology & Environment (India Year Book)
Ecology & Environment – P D Sharma
14.Disaster and disaster management.
References:
IGNOU: MPA – 018- Disaster Management
2nd
ARC Report (Crisis Management)
15.Linkages between development and spread of extremism.
References:
12th
NCERT: Political Science: Contemporary World Politics (Chapter :
Security in the Contemporary World)
Annual Report 2011-12: Ministry of Home Affairs
16.Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal
security.
References:
12th
NCERT: Political Science: Contemporary World Politics (Chapter :
Security in the Contemporary World)

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2nd
ARC Report (Public order Capacity Building for Conflict Resolution,
Combating Terrorism)
India Year Book
17.Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media
and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber
security; money-laundering and its prevention.
References:
2nd
ARC Report (Public order Capacity Building for Conflict Resolution,
Combating Terrorism)
India Year Book
Manorama Year Book
18.Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of
organized crime with terrorism.
19.Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate.