Crude oil is a naturally occurring fossil fuel that is refined into many consumer products. It is a black, thick liquid called "black gold" due to its economic importance as a non-renewable resource where demand exceeds supply, leading to price increases. An international organization called OPEC controls global oil prices. Rising prices negatively impact economies by increasing inflation, slowing growth, and reducing employment. Alternatives to petroleum such as natural gas, biodiesel, hybrids, and renewable energy can help address these issues.
A very simple presentation on crude oil,important for student to understand the concept of crude oil and its importance in world.how does it impact india.imports bill has improved but export is facing downturn due to sluggish growth of world economy.
GROWTH FACTORS AND CHALLENGES FOR OIL MARKET; Demographic Factors; Oil Demand; Motorization in Asian Countries; Upstream Costs Increase; US Shale Oil Production; Deepwater Production; Iraqi production growth prospects; GTL – challenge for the oil market after 2020
A very simple presentation on crude oil,important for student to understand the concept of crude oil and its importance in world.how does it impact india.imports bill has improved but export is facing downturn due to sluggish growth of world economy.
GROWTH FACTORS AND CHALLENGES FOR OIL MARKET; Demographic Factors; Oil Demand; Motorization in Asian Countries; Upstream Costs Increase; US Shale Oil Production; Deepwater Production; Iraqi production growth prospects; GTL – challenge for the oil market after 2020
declining crude oil pricing:causes and global impactSatyam Mishra
this presentation gives some insight into the causes of declining crude oil pricing and how that is going to affect various oil producing and non oil producing countries across the globe.
What is Crude oil
Role of Crude oil in global economy
Exploration of Crude Oil.
Drilling of petroleum and natural gas
Reservoir Drive Mechanisms
Evaluation of Gasoline
Evaluation of diesel
GROWTH FACTORS AND CHALLENGES FOR OIL MARKET; GROWTH FACTORS FOR OIL MARKET; Demographic Factors, Oil Demand, Motorization in Asian Countries, Upstream Costs Increase, Principal CHALLENGES FOR OIL MARKET, US Shale Oil Production, US shale oil production potential for well drilling, Other constraints, Deepwater Production, Iraqi production growth prospects, GTL – challenge for the oil market after 2020
INTRODUCTION
DENSITY AND API GRAVITY OF CRUDE OIL
SWEET AND SOUR CRUDE OIL; BENCHMARK OF CRUDE OIL; West Texas Intermediate (WTI)
Brent Blend:; Dated Brent
What is Dated Brent?
Dubai; OPEC Basket (ORB)
Bonny Light; Tapis Crude; Mexico's Isthmus; Maya; CONTRACTS; FUTURE TRENDS ON CRUDE QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS
This module is an introduction to natural gas resources. It gives description on source, reservoir and cap rocks as well as suitable environments for natural gas generation, migration and accumulation.
declining crude oil pricing:causes and global impactSatyam Mishra
this presentation gives some insight into the causes of declining crude oil pricing and how that is going to affect various oil producing and non oil producing countries across the globe.
What is Crude oil
Role of Crude oil in global economy
Exploration of Crude Oil.
Drilling of petroleum and natural gas
Reservoir Drive Mechanisms
Evaluation of Gasoline
Evaluation of diesel
GROWTH FACTORS AND CHALLENGES FOR OIL MARKET; GROWTH FACTORS FOR OIL MARKET; Demographic Factors, Oil Demand, Motorization in Asian Countries, Upstream Costs Increase, Principal CHALLENGES FOR OIL MARKET, US Shale Oil Production, US shale oil production potential for well drilling, Other constraints, Deepwater Production, Iraqi production growth prospects, GTL – challenge for the oil market after 2020
INTRODUCTION
DENSITY AND API GRAVITY OF CRUDE OIL
SWEET AND SOUR CRUDE OIL; BENCHMARK OF CRUDE OIL; West Texas Intermediate (WTI)
Brent Blend:; Dated Brent
What is Dated Brent?
Dubai; OPEC Basket (ORB)
Bonny Light; Tapis Crude; Mexico's Isthmus; Maya; CONTRACTS; FUTURE TRENDS ON CRUDE QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS
This module is an introduction to natural gas resources. It gives description on source, reservoir and cap rocks as well as suitable environments for natural gas generation, migration and accumulation.
Oil prices falling and Their Impact on World and Indian EconomyRishabh Hurkat
The presentations is focused on Reason Behind the Fall in Global Crude Oil Prices.
It also inculcates various Charts and Data which are Up-to-date.
The Basic Reason is to understand the Effect on Global and Indian Economy.
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - UpstreamEKT Interactive
Oil 101: Introduction to Oil and Gas - Upstream
What is Upstream? This Midstream content is derived from our Oil 101 Upstream ebook and can be found in our oil and gas learning community.
This Upstream module includes the following sections (use the links below for quick access):
-Introduction to Upstream
-Upstream Business Characteristics
-Oilfield Services
-Reserves – Formation and Importance
-Production – The First Step in Adding Value
-The Unconventional Future of Upstream
Upstream
What is Upstream? Most oil and gas companies’ business structures are segmented and organized according to business segment, assets, or function.
The upstream segment of the business is also known as the exploration and production (E&P) sector because it encompasses activities related to searching for, recovering and producing crude oil and natural gas.
The upstream segment is all about wells: where to locate them; how deep and how far to drill them; and how to design, construct, operate and manage them to deliver the greatest possible return on investment with the lightest, safest and smallest operational footprint.
Exploration
The exploration sector involves obtaining a lease and permission to drill from the owners of onshore or offshore acreage thought to contain oil or gas, and conducting necessary geological and geophysical (G&G) surveys required to explore for (and hopefully find) economic accumulations of oil or gas.
Drilling
There is always uncertainty in the geological and geophysical survey results. The only way to be sure that a prospect is favorable is to drill an exploratory well. Drilling is physically creating the “borehole” in the ground that will eventually become an oil or gas well. This work is done by rig contractors and service companies in the Oilfield Services business sector.
Production
The production sector of the upstream segment maximizes recovery of petroleum from subsurface reservoirs.
This ppt is of subject called Elements of Corporate Finance .
it include the information about the OPEC , reasons , some current information about crude oil and major suppliers of crude oil to india( 2015)
The history of oil industry is full of booms and busts; the latest downturn is the deepest since 1990s starts from Jun 2014. The price of oil has been cut roughly by more than 60 percent since the June 2014. Crude oil prices tried to recover few times last year but a barrel of oil has sunk to its lowest level since 2004.
Success is not guaranteed but without these Rules you have no chance.
A motivating and inspiring presentation on Top 10 Rules for success with real life examples,quotes,images etc.Try to incorporate these rules THIS YEAR. :D
A brief presentation on 10 Interesting and Unknown facts about Mark Zuckerberg , the inventor of the world's No.1 Social Networking Website 'Facebook'.
A short presentation about some of the worlds most popular revolutionaries who failed and strived to achieve success.
Hoping to inspire and motivate others to Never Give In or be afraid of failures.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
2. Crude Oil is a naturally occurring thick , dark
brown flammable liquid which is derived from Fossil
Fuels.
Crude Oil is also referred as Black Gold as it of
immense economic importance.
It is a non renewable resource ,thus its demand > supply
leading to high price rise.
An international body called OPEC controls the pricing
of oil all throughout the globe.
Oil prices have risen from $18.5 in 1976
to $150 in 2012.
3. WHAT IS CRUDE OIL ?
Petroleum or Crude Oil is a naturally occurring thick ,
dark brown flammable liquid found in the Upper
Strata of the Earth’s Crust.
It is recovered mostly through oil drilling and is then
refined into a large number of consumer products,
like petrol,kerosene,plastics andpharmaceuticals.
It is a type of Fossil Fuel consisting of a complex
mixture of hydrocarbons.
Hydrocarbon
Crude Oil
4. • Before it can be used crude oil must be refined.
• Hydrocarbons can be separated using distillation, which
produces different fractions (or types) of oil and gas.
Jet fuel
Car fuel
Road tar
Distillation
Plant
Oil refinery
5. WHY BLACK GOLD?
Petroleum products are extracted from Crude
Oil, which is black in colour.
Availability is minimum but demand is more.
Its economic value is immense.
Causes Inflation and affects the pricing of
almost everything.
9. FACTORS AFFECTING PRICE RISE
Changes in Supply & Demand.
Global Equity Market.
Movement in Dollar($).
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting
Countries (OPEC) controls the price.
Increase in Tax Rate.
Wars , Recessions and Natural Calamities are
other important factors.
10. Supply & Demand determine the price of fuel.
If Demand > Supply , prices will rise and vice-versa.
Global Consumption has grown by 1.2 Million Barrels
per day.
Oil is a Non-Renewable resource, hence is limited.
11. ROLE OF
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting
Countries (OPEC) is an intergovernmental
organization of twelve oil-producing countries .
It controls and regulates Global Price of crude oil.
Its main objective is to peruse various ways and
measures to stabilize the price of oil in International
Markets.
12. Peak oil is the point in time when the
maximum rate of petroleum extraction is
reached, after which the rate of production
is expected to enter terminal decline.
o In 1956, Hubbert predicted that global oil production would peak
around the Year 2000 and trigger an Energy Crisis with power
blackouts and rising costs of energy and fuel .
Era of
energy
crisis
13. WHEN OIL PRICES RISE :
Rise in Inflation Rates.
Government spending on Subsidy Increases.
GDP is affected negatively.
Foreign Currency reserves reduce.
Prices of almost everything increases, causing
extreme hardship towards the common man.
Leads to wars, protests and political instability.
14. ECONOMY
Overall consumption of gasoline is down by
7%.
2.5% decline in USA GDP due to rising oil
prices.
Prices hit a shocking $150 per barrel
leading to rapid inflation.
A $10-a-barrel increase in the price of oil
reduces U.S. GDP growth by 0.5
percentage points.
15. PRICE IN INDIA
Prices of crude oil have risen by more than 33% in the
past two months.
Indian Rupee has depreciated from Rs. 44 per dollar in
April 2011 to Rs.49 now.
o Inflation also went up
to 12.27% which was
highest for India in 2
decades.
o India’s subsidy zoomed
to 2.5%of GDP.
16. EFFECT ON INDIAN ECONOMY
Rapid Inflation.
Hike in Interest Rates.
Slowdown in Economic Growth.
Fall in Employment Opportunities.
Reduced amount for infrastructure.
17. Inflation : went up to 12.27%.
Fuel Subsidy Burden : of Rs. 1,42,203 Crores
Rise in Cost of Imports : have risen by $1.2 Billion.
Widening of Trade Deficit :for 2009-10 was $117.3
Billion.
Estimated that a sustained 10 dollar increase in oil
prices lead to a 1.5 per cent reduction in the GDP.
18. Extinction of whales.
Extraction of Oil leads to land degradation.
Global Warming: petroleum releases carbon dioxide,
a greenhouse gas.
Oil Spills: damages land, pollutes water and kills
marine animals.
Tar balls: huge blob of oil causing contamination and
pollution.
19. Crude oil and refined fuel spills from tanker ship and
damage natural ecosystems.
Can be on land or sea.
Quantity of oil spilled during accidents has ranged from
a few hundred tons to several hundred thousand tons.
Land Degradation.
Pollutes sea water.
Kills Marine life.
Illnesses and Diseases.
20. ALTERNATIVES
Alternatives to petroleum-based vehicle fuels:
Internal
Combustion
Engines
Natural Gas
Vehicles
Biodiesel
Powered
Vehicles
Hybrid
Electric
Vehicles
Solar Cars
Alternatives to burning petroleum:
Solar
Powers
Wind
Power
Hydro
Electricity
Nuclear
Energy