More Related Content Similar to CRP training manual SCSD final submission
Similar to CRP training manual SCSD final submission (20) CRP training manual SCSD final submission1. 1
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY cÖwk¶Y †Kvm©
cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv
†PŠayix †gvt ZvBqye ZvRv¤§yj
†cÖvMÖvg †KvAwW©‡bUi
‡mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb myB‡Wb-‡WbgvK©
2. 2
mywPcÎ
welq c„ôv
1. cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv cwiwPwZ 4
2. wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY cÖwk¶Y m~wP 7
3. Awa‡ekb 1 : cwiPqce©, cÖwk¶Y D‡Ïk¨ e¨vL¨v 9
5. Awa‡ekb 2 : gvbevwaKvi I wkï AwaKvi 11
6. Awa‡ekb 3 : AwaKvi‡fvMx wkï I ØvwqZ¡evnK 20
7. Awa‡ekb 4 : AwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb cš’v 25
8. Awa‡ekb 5 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY 33
9. Awa‡ekb 6 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: ˆelg¨nxbZvi g~jbxwZ 42
10.Awa‡ekb 7 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: ‡eu‡P _vKv I weKv‡ki g~jbxwZ 49
11. Awa‡ekb 8 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: wkïi m‡ev©Ëg ¯^v_© i¶vi g~jbwxZ 53
12. Awa‡ekb 9 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ-1 58
13. Awa‡ekb 10 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ-2 64
14. Awa‡ekb 11 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: Revew`wnZvi g~jbxwZ 70
15. Awa‡ekb 12 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: cwiw¯’wZ we‡k−lY 74
16. Awa‡ekb 13 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: cwiKíbv/ j¶¨ wba©viY 77
17. Awa‡ekb 14 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: cwiKíbv/ D‡Ïk¨ MVb 80
18. Awa‡ekb 15 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: : ev¯—evqb 83
19. Awa‡ekb 16 : wkï AwaKvi wfwËK ‡cÖvMÖvwgs: cwiex¶Y I g~j¨vqb 87
20. Awa‡ekb 17 : wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: 5 g~jbxwZ e¨envi 93
21. Awa‡ekb 18: wkky AwaKvi wfwËK msMVb 103
22. Awa‡ekb 19 : wkï AwaKvi wfwËK cÖwk¶Y ‡Kvm© g~j¨vqb 109
ms‡hvRbx 1 :¯−vBW 111
ms‡hvRbx 2 : n¨vÛAvDU 166
3. 3
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY cÖwk¶Y
‡Kv‡m©i D‡Ïk¨
‡Kvm© mgvw߇Z AskMÖnYKvixiv
AwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb cš’v welqK ZË¡MZ w`K Abycy•L e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb|
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKi‡Yi ZË¡MZ I cÖv‡qvwMK Ávb, `¶Zv I †KŠkj
we‡k−lY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKi‡Yi 5 g~jbxwZ cÖ‡qvM K‡i wkï AwaKvi cwiw¯’wZ
we‡k−lY, Kg©m~wP cwiKíbv, ev¯—evqb, cwiex¶Y I g~j¨vqb Kivi
†KŠkj e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
4. 4
cÖwk¶Y mnvwqKv cwiwPwZ
1. Awa‡ekb mg~n
Awa‡ekb Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg
Awa‡ekb-1 D‡Øvab, cwiPqce©, cÖwk¶Y D‡Ïk¨ e¨vL¨
Awa‡ekb-2 gvbevwaKvi I wkï AwaKvi
Awa‡ekb-3 AwaKvi‡fvMx wkï I ØvwqZ¡evnK
Awa‡ekb-4 AwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb cš’v
Awa‡ekb-5 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY
Awa‡ekb-6 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: ˆelg¨nxbZvi g~jbxwZ
Awa‡ekb-7 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: ‡eu‡P _vKv I weKv‡ki g~jbxwZ
Awa‡ekb-8 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: wkïi m‡ev©Ëg ¯^v_© i¶vi g~jbwxZ
Awa‡ekb-9 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ-1
Awa‡ekb-10 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ-2
Awa‡ekb-11 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: Revew`wnZvi g~jbxwZ
Awa‡ekb-12 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: cwiw¯’wZ we‡k−lY
Awa‡ekb-13 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: cwiKíbv/ j¶¨ wba©viY
Awa‡ekb-14 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: cwiKíbv/ D‡Ïk¨ MVb
Awa‡ekb-15 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: ev¯—evqb
Awa‡ekb-16 wkï AwaKvi wfwËK ‡cÖvMÖvwgs: cwiex¶Y I g~j¨vqb
Awa‡ekb-17 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: 5 g~jbxwZ e¨envi
Awa‡ekb-18 wkky AwaKvi wfwËK msMVb
Awa‡ekb-19 wkï AwaKvi wfwËK cÖwk¶Y ‡Kvm© g~j¨vqb
5. 5
2. †Kv‡m©i D‡Ïk¨
cÖwk¶Y †Kv‡m©i mvwe©K I mywbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨mg~n mnvwqKvwU‡Z Ifvi‡nW UªvÝcv‡iÝx/Dc¯’vcb Dc‡hvMx
¯−vBW AvKv‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jvi d‡UvKwc K‡i mnvqKiv Ifvi‡nW UªvÝcv‡iÝx kxU ˆZwi Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb A_ev gvwëwgwWqv cÖ`k©bxi ¯−vBW wnmv‡e G¸‡jv e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| †hLv‡b Ifvi‡nW/
gvwëwgwWqv e¨envi myweav †bB ev we`y¨r myweav †bB, †mLv‡b mnvqKiv †Kv‡m©i D‡Ïk¨mg~n wd¬c Pv‡U© wj‡L
cÖwk¶Y Awa‡ek‡b cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
3. cÖwk¶Y mgqm~wP
mnvwqKvwU‡Z 5 w`‡bi GB cÖwk¶Y †Kv‡m©i mgqm~wP †`qv Av‡Q| GwU e¨envi Dc‡hvMx g‡b n‡j d‡UvKwc
K‡i AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ weZiY Kiv hv‡e| weKífv‡e, mnvqKiv mgqm~wP‡K cwieZ©b‡hvM¨/bgbxq
ivL‡Z cv‡ib| †m‡¶‡Î Zviv cÖ¯—vweZ mgqm~wP cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb |
4. Awa‡ek‡bi wk‡ivbvg
cÖ‡Z¨K Awa‡ekb GKwU wbR¯^ wk‡ivbvg w`‡q ïi“ Kiv n‡q‡Q| d‡j mnvqKiv cÖ‡Z¨K mywbw`©ó Awa‡ekb
wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
5. Awa‡ek‡bi D‡Ïk¨mg~n
cÖ‡Z¨K Awa‡ek‡bi D‡Ïk¨mg~n D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| hv‡Z mnvqKiv Awa‡ek‡bi ïi“‡Z Awa‡ek‡bi
D‡Ïk¨mg~n AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Rvbv‡Z cv‡ib| gZ wewbgq Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ges cÖwk¶Y †k‡l Awa‡ek‡bi
D‡Ïk¨mg~n KZUzKz AR©b n‡jv Zv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
6. cÖwk¶Y c×wZmg~n
cÖ‡Z¨K Awa‡ek‡b Kx Kx c×wZ e¨envi Ki‡Z n‡e Zv ¯úófv‡e D‡j−L Kiv Av‡Q| G‡Z mnvqKiv Awa‡ekb
cwiKíbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡Z mnvqZv cv‡e|
7. mgq
cÖ‡Z¨K Awa‡ek‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq †gvU mgq GLv‡b †`qv Av‡Q| GB mgqwU n‡”Q cÖ¯—vweZ Abykxjb¸‡jv
m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ AvbygvwbK mgq| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i msL¨v I Zv‡`i †hvM¨Zv Avi Av‡jvPbvi MfxiZvi
Ici wfwË K‡i mgq Kg-‡ewk n‡Z cv‡i|
8. DcKiY
Awa‡ekb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKi‡Yi ZvwjKv †`Iqv Av‡Q hv‡Z mnvqKiv h_v_©fv‡e Awa‡ek‡bi
DcKiY wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cv‡ib, ‡RvMvo Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ges Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cv‡ib|
6. 6
9. mshy³ DcKiY mg~n
‡Kvb& Awa‡ek‡b †Kvb& Ifvi †nW UªvÝcv‡iÝx mxU, n¨vÛ AvDU, Abykxjb cÎ ev Ô‡KmÕ e¨envi Kiv n‡e Zv
_vK‡Q mnvwqKvi ¯−vBW I n¨vÛ AvDU As‡k| d‡UvKwc K‡i G¸‡jv AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ weZiY Kiv
hv‡e|
10. cÖwμqv
cÖwZwU av‡c e¨eüZ cÖwμqvmg~n myk„•Ljfv‡e †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Awa‡ekb Kvh©vejxi we¯—vwiZ weeiY Awa‡ekb
cwiPvjbvq mnvqK‡K w`Kwb‡`©kbv w`‡e|
11. mnvwqKv e¨envi ‡KŠkj
cÖwk¶Y †Kv‡m©i mdj ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ GB mnvwqKv e¨enviKvix‡`i‡K wbgœwjwLZ welq¸wj we‡ePbv Kivi
Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kiv n‡jv-
GKwU Awa‡ekb ïi“i Av‡M Awa‡ek‡bi KvVv‡gv Avi Av‡jvP¨ welq m¤ú‡K© hZ †ewk m¤¢e
‡R‡b ivLv mnvqK‡`i Rb¨ GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq| G‡Z Awa‡ek‡b Av‡jvwPZ wel‡qi Dci
AskMÖnYKvixiv Av¯’v cv‡e|
¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq n‡”Q †h, GKRb mnvqK‡K mgq e¨e¯’vcbvq `¶Zv _vK‡Z n‡e| †h mgq
D‡j−L ivLv n‡q‡Q Zv †KejB welq m~wPi we¯—vi Avi complexity- i Av‡jv‡K cÖ¯—vweZ|
AskMÖnYKvix‡`i AskMÖn‡Yi gvÎv we‡ePbv K‡i mnvqK GKwU wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kivi mgq
evov‡Z ev Kgv‡Z cv‡i|
AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Ávb, `¶Zvi gvÎv (Level) we‡ePbv Ges Zv‡`i cÖZ¨vkv Abymv‡i cÖwk¶Y
c×wZ, Awa‡ek‡bi mgq mxgv Ges DcKiY cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cÖ‡qvR‡b bZzb D‡Ïk¨I
hy³ Kiv hv‡e Avi G R‡b¨ bZzb DcKiY, c×wZi Ges AwZwi³ Awa‡ek‡bi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z
cv‡i|
7. 7
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY cÖwk¶Ym~wP
w`b I
mgq
Awa‡ekb b¤^i welq
cÖ_g w`b
09:00 1 cwiPqce©, cÖwk¶Y D‡Ïk¨ e¨vL¨
09:30 Pv weiwZ
10:00 2 gvbevwaKvi I wkï AwaKvi
11:30 3 AwaKvi‡fvMx wkï I ØvwqZ¡evnK
01:00 `ycy‡ii Lvevi weiwZ
02:00 4 AwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb cš’v
03:30 Pv weiwZ
04:00 5 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY
05:00 cÖ_g w`‡bi mgvwß
wØZxq w`b
09:00 Av‡Mi w`‡bi cybiv‡jvPbv
09:30 6 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: ˆelg¨nxbZvi g~jbxwZ
11:00 Pv weiwZ
11:30 7 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: ‡eu‡P _vKv I weKv‡ki g~jbxwZ
01:00 `ycy‡ii Lvevi weiwZ
02:00 8 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: wkïi m‡ev©Ëg ¯^v_© i¶vi
g~jbwxZ
03:30 Pv weiwZ
04:00 9 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ-1
05:00 wØZxq w`‡bi mgvwß
Z„Zxq w`b
09:00 Av‡Mi w`‡bi cybiv‡jvPbv
09:30 10 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ-2
11:00 Pv weiwZ
11:30 11 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: Revew`wnZvi g~jbxwZ
01:00 `ycy‡ii Lvevi weiwZ
02:00 12 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: cwiw¯’wZ we‡k−lY
03:30 Pv weiwZ
04:00 13 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: cwiKíbv/ j¶¨ wba©viY
05:00 Z…Zxq w`‡bi mgvwß
8. 8
w`b I
mgq
Awa‡ekb b¤^i welq
PZz_© w`b
09:00 Av‡Mi w`‡bi cybiv‡jvPbv
09:30 14 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: cwiKíbv/ D‡Ïk¨ MVb
11:00 Pv weiwZ
11:30 15 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: : ev¯—evqb
01:00 `ycy‡ii Lvevi weiwZ
02:00 16 wkï AwaKvi wfwËK ‡cÖvMÖvwgs: cwiex¶Y I g~j¨vqb
03:30 Pv weiwZ
04:00 17 wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY: 5 g~jbxwZ e¨envi
05:00 PZz_© w`‡bi mgvwß
cÂg w`b
09:00 Av‡Mi w`‡bi cybiv‡jvPbv
09:30 18 wkky AwaKvi wfwËK msMVb
11:00 Pv weiwZ
11:30 19 ‡Kvm© g~j¨vqb
01:00 `ycy‡ii Lvevi weiwZ
02:00 A¨vKkb c−¨vb
03:30 Pv weiwZ Pv weiwZ
04:00 †Kvm© mgvwß Abyôvb
9. 9
Awa‡ekb 1
cwiPqce©, cÖwk¶Y D‡Ïk¨ e¨vL¨
D‡Ïk¨ t Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv
- ci¯ú‡ii bvg cwiPq ej‡Z cvi‡eb
- cÖwk¶Y †Kv‡m©i D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
mgq t 30 wgwbU
c×wZ t AvZ¥cwiPq Rvbv‡bv, RoZv f½ ‡Ljv, cÖ`k©b
DcKiY/mnvqK mvgMÖx t
Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±i, ¯−vBW: cÖwk¶Y †Kv‡m©i D‡Ïk¨
cÖwμqv t
1| mevB‡K ¯^vMZ: Rvbvb| Kykj wewbgq Ki“b|
2| ejyb †h, †Kv‡m©i ïi“‡Z Avgiv ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ cwiwPZ n‡ev| Avgiv hvi hvi cwiPq †`‡ev
GKwU †Ljvi gva¨‡g|
3| ejyb †h, cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi GKwU bv‡gi AwaKvi Av‡Q| eo n‡q †mB ‡QvU‡ejvi bvg wb‡q Avgiv
wb‡R‡`i cwiPq enb Kwi|
4| mevB‡K G iKgwU fve‡Z ejyb †h, GLv‡b hviv Dcw¯’Z Av‡Qb Zv‡`i KvD‡K Avcwb wP‡bb bv|
Avi GLb Avcwb cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki GK GKwU bvg w`‡eb| ‡h bvg Lykx w`‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e †g‡q‡`i bvg
†Q‡j‡`i bv‡gi †P‡q ‡h Avjv`v n‡q _v‡K Zv †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e| Avi GK bvg GKvwaK KvD‡K w`‡Z
cvi‡eb bv| Av‡iKwU kZ© n‡”Q bvg †`Iqvi mgq ÒA¨uv, Du Ó RvZxq Abvek¨K kã D”PviY Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb bv| bv †_‡g bvg e‡j †h‡Z n‡e Avi Kv‡K bvg w`‡jb Zv‡K Avs¸j w`‡q †`Lv‡Z n‡e| G
m‡ei Avb¨_v n‡j AvDU n‡eb Ges Ab¨ GKRb bvg w`‡Z Avm‡eb|
5| bvg ‡`Iqvi wbqg Kvbyb Av‡iKevi fvj K‡i eywS‡q w`b|
6| ejyb †h, GKRb GKRb K‡i mvg‡b G‡m bvg †`Iqvi †LjvwU †Lj‡Z n‡e| mvg‡b G‡m cÖ_‡g
wb‡Rihvi bvg, †Kv_vq †Kvb Awd‡m ‡Kvb c‡` KvR K‡ib Zv ej‡eb| Zvici ïi“ Ki‡eb bvg
†`Iqvi †Ljv|
10. 10
7| Avcwb wb‡R †idvwi wnmv‡e KvR Ki‡eb Zv Rvwb‡q w`b|
8| cwiPq -ce© I †Ljv ïi“ Ki“b Ges h_v wbq‡g †kl Ki“b|
9| †Ljv †k‡l mevB‡K †Ljvq ‡hvM †`Iqvi Rb¨ ab¨ev` Rvbvb| †LjvwU †Kgb †j‡M‡Q mevi KvQ
†_‡K †R‡b wbb|
10| ejyb †h, Gevi Avgiv 5 w`‡bi GB wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ ‡R‡b wb‡ev|
11| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Òwkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨Ó kxl©K ¯−vBWwU
†`Lvb| GKRb AskMÖnYKvix‡K Avnevb Ki“b cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ c‡o †kvbv‡Z|
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨mg~n
‡Kvm© mgvw߇Z AskMÖnYKvixiv
AwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb cš’v welqK ZË¡MZ w`K e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKi‡Yi ZË¡MZ I cÖv‡qvwMK Ávb, `¶Zv I †KŠkj
we‡k−lY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKi‡Yi 5 g~jbxwZ cÖ‡qvM K‡i wkï AwaKvi cwiw¯’wZ
we‡k−lY, Kg©m~wP cwiKíbv, ev¯—evqb, cwiex¶Y I g~j¨vqb Kivi
†KŠkj e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
12| cÖwk¶‡Yi D‡Ïk¨mg~‡ni cÖ‡Z¨KwU c‡q›U e¨vL¨v Ki“b|
13| mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ekb †kl Ki“b|
11. 11
Awa‡ekb 2
gvbevwaKvi I wkï AwaKvi
D‡Ïk¨ t Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv
- ÒAwaKviÓ-Gi msÁv wba©viY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
- AwaKv‡ii μgvbymvi/ wcivwgW (Hierarchy) e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb:
- gvbevwaKvi - K_vwU e¨vL¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
- mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv-i Aš—©MZ welq ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
- ÒgvbevwaKvi I gvbweK AvBb msμvš— Avš—R©vwZK cÖavb cÖavb Pzw³ I †NvlYvÓ
wPwnèZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
- gvbevwaKv‡ii 4wU g~jbxwZ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
- wkk‡`i Rb¨ c„_K AwaKvi mb` †NvlYvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
- wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i 5wU ¸”Q I 5wU g~jbxwZ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
mgq t 1 N›Uv 30 wgwbU
c×wZ t mn‡hvMx kã mÜvb, evR`j, aviYv cÖKvk,cÖ`k©b
DcKiY/mnvqK mvgMÖx t
Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±i, †evW©, gvK©vi ; AwaKvi msÁv, AwaKvi wcivwgW, wfc KvW©, Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±i,
gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv cÎ, ¯−vBW: gvbevwaKvi, ÒgvbevwaKvi I gvbweK AvBb msμvš— Avš—
R©vwZK cÖavb cÖavb Pzw³ I †NvlYvÓ, gvbevwaKv‡ii 4wU g~jbxwZ, B›Uvib¨vkbvj wej Ae ivBUm;
wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i Kwc, ¯−vBW: 5¸”Q wkï AwaKvi, wkï AwaKv‡ii 5wU g~jbxwZ
cÖwμqv t
1| mevB‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbvb| ejyb †h, GB Awa‡ek‡b Avgiv AwaKvi I gvbevwaKvi m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡ev|
2| AwaKvi ej‡Z Avgiv Kx eywS? aviYv cÖKvk c×wZ‡Z cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki KvQ †_‡K DËi †R‡b wbb| e‡j
w`b †h, DËi msw¶ß n‡e, GK`‡g GKev‡K¨ ej‡Z n‡e|
3| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki ejv †kl n‡q †M‡j Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ ¯−vBW cÖ`k©b
K‡i ÔAwaKviÕ Gi msÁv e¨vL¨v Ki“b|
12. 12
AwaKvi
gvby‡li †Kv‡bv Pvwn`v hLb †Kv‡bv mgvR, ivóª, cÖwZôvb, AvÂwjK ev Avš—R©vwZK
msMVb ev †Kv‡bv ‡NvlYv, bxwZgvjv, AvBb, Pzw³, cÖwZkÖ“wZ Øviv Aby‡gvw`Z nq
A_©vr hLb ‰eaZv jvf K‡i ZLb Zv‡K AwaKvi e‡j|
GK K_vq ˆea,Aby‡gvw`Z,¯^xK…Z Pvwn`vB AwaKvi| AwaKv‡ii kZ© n‡”Q AwaKvi
hvi Øviv Aby‡gvw`Z, AwaKvi cyi‡Yi ØvwqZ¡I Zvi|
AwaKvi‡K †KD †KD cÖ‡qvRb ev Pvwn`vi mv‡_ wgwk‡q †dj‡Z cv‡ib| †m †¶‡Î ejyb †h, †Kvb
cÖ‡qvRb ev Pvwn`v evuPvi Rb¨ Ri“ix n‡Z cv‡i Avi ZLb Zv AvBb ev bxwZ aviv mg_©‡bi `vwe
cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ mgw_©Z bv nIqv ch©š— Zv ÔAwaKviÕ bq| cÖ‡qvRb/Pvwn`v †_‡KB
ÔAwaKviÕ -Gi Rb¥ G welqwU ¯úó K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki“b|
4| Gevi ejyb †h, AwaKvi k‡ãi g‡a¨B Aby‡gv`b K_vwU hy³| Avi GB Aby‡gv`‡bi KvRwU K‡i
mgvR, msMVb, ivóª ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv c¶| Aby‡gv`‡bi ¯—i web¨vm K‡i ÒAwaKvi wcivwgWÓ ˆZwi
Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
5| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ AwaKv‡ii μgvbymvi/ wcivwgW (Hierarchy): cÖ`k©b Ki“b| Ges
AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mnvqZv wb‡q e¨vL¨v Ki“b|
AwaKv‡ii μgvbymvi/ wcivwgW (Hierarchy):
wbæwjwLZ Dcv‡q GKwU ÔAwaKviÕ wcivwgW ˆZwi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i:
1. Avš—R©vwZK gvbevwaKvi
2. RvZxq AvBbx AwaKvi
2.1 msweavb
2.2 RvZxq AvBb †hgb, wmwfj †KvW,
†cbvj †KvW Ges †jevi †KvW
2.3 bxwZgvjv Ges weavbmg~n
3. mvs¯‹…wZK Ges mvgvwRK
wbqg I g~j¨‡evamg~n
13. 13
GB AwaKvi KvVv‡gv Avš—R©vwZK/BD‡ivcxq AvBb e¨e¯’v wfwËK hv AwaKvsk ‡`k (wKš‘ me †`k bq) Øviv
M„wnZ| D`vniY ¯^iƒc ejv hvq †h, †Kvb †Kvb gymjgvb Aay¨wlZ †`‡k ag©xq AvBb wcivwg‡Wi kxl©fv‡M
¯’vwcZ| Ab¨ †`k¸‡jv‡Z mbvZb cÖ_v wbf©i ÔmvaviY AvBb Kvh©KiÕ|
6| ejyb †h, ÒAwaKviÓ-Gi mv‡_ `yBwU c¶ RwoZ| GK c‡¶ Av‡Q AwaKvi †fvMx ev Rights
Holder Ab¨c¶ n‡”Q ØvwqZ¡ evnK ev Duty Bearer| ØvwqZ¡evnK c¶ AwaKvi †fvMx‡`i
AwaKvi c~i‡Yi ØvwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i|
7| ejyb †h, AwaKvi wel‡q Avgiv Rvbjvg| Gevi Avgiv gvbevwaKvi ej‡Z Kx eySvq Zv Rvb‡Z I
eyS‡Z †Póv Ki‡ev|
8| ejyb †h, Avgiv GLb †gwW‡Uk‡b hve | LvwbKUv mg‡qi Rb¨ a¨vb gMœ n‡ev Avgiv| †gwW‡Uk‡b
hvevi wb‡`©k AbymiY Kivi Rb¨ mevB‡K Aby‡iva Rvbvb |
9| cÖ‡Z¨K‡K †PvL eÜ Ki‡Z ejyb| kixi UvbUvb K‡i em‡Z ejyb |
10| KÚ IVvbvgv K‡i †gwW‡Uk‡b hvevi wb‡`©k w`b Gfv‡e:
g‡b Ki“b GKwU Rvnv‡R K‡i `~~i‡`‡k hv‡”Qb Avcbviv cÖwk¶‡Y AskMÖnYKvix GB 25
Rb| Avcbv‡`i g‡a¨ gwnjvi msL¨v A‡a©K| mvM‡ii bxj Rjivwk †K‡U `ª“Z GwM‡q hv‡”Q
RvnvR| †KD Mí Ki‡Qb, †KD ZvwK‡q Av‡Qb w`Mš— - we¯—…Z Rjivwki w`‡K|
ANUb NU‡jv nVvr-B| AvBm ev‡M©i mv‡_ AvNvZ †L‡q †f‡½ co‡jv RvnvR| Wy‡e †M‡jv
UvBUvwb‡Ki g‡Zv| UvBUvwbK Wywe †_‡K i¶v †c‡qwQj †KD †KD| wKš‘ Avcbviv mevB gviv
†M‡jb |
g„Z¨y`~Z Avcbv‡`i AvZ¥v wb‡q †Mj Ck¦‡ii Kv‡Q| Ck¦i ej‡jb: †Zvgv‡`i Avevi RxweZ
Kiv n‡e| RxweZ K‡i cvVv‡ev GK Rbgvbenxb MÖ‡n| my›`i †m MÖn| cÖPzi m¤ú` Av‡Q
†mLv‡b | Avi Avwg †Zvgv‡`i gw¯—®‹‡K Ki‡ev kZ¸Y DbœZ| bZzb mf¨Zv M‡o Zzj‡e
†Zvgiv|
bZzb MÖ‡n hvIqvi Av‡M †Zvgiv wVK K‡i e‡jv-bZzb c„w_exi gvbyl wnmv‡e †Zvgiv Kx
ai‡bi ¯^vaxbZv,gvbweK gh©v`v Avi AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡Z PvI? †Zvgv‡`i cÖZ¨vkv gÄy&yi Kiv
n‡e| †Zvgiv †f‡e wP‡š— †Zvgv‡`i cÖZ¨vkv RvbvI| ïay g‡b ivL‡e- bZzb c„w_ex‡Z †K
bvix †K cyi“l n‡q Rb¥v‡e Zv Avwg †Mvcb ivL‡ev| †K abx n‡q Avi †K Mixe n‡q Rb¥v‡e
Zv&I †Mvcb ivL‡ev Avwg| †Zvgv‡`i †KD Rb¥v‡e kv`v i‡Oi kixi wb‡q, †KD Rb¥v‡e
Kv‡jv,ev`vgx i‡Oi kixi wb‡q| ‡KD ev n‡e cÖwZeÜx| ‡K Kx n‡e Zv GLb †KD †Zvgiv
Rv‡bv bv|
‡Zvgiv Av‡Mi R‡b¥i AwfÁZv †_‡K †Zvgv‡`i cÖZ¨vkv wbY©q Ki|
14. 14
Ck¦‡ii wb‡`©k gZ Avcbviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K Avcbv‡`i c~b: R‡b¥ Avcbv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv,gvbweK
gh©v`v Avi AwaKvi Kx n‡e Zv wPwnèZ Ki“b| cÖ‡Z¨‡K gvÎ wZbwU K‡i cÖZ¨vkv wPwnèZ
Ki“b| g‡b ivL‡eb †K Kx ai‡bi gvbyl n‡q Rb¥jvf Ki‡eb Zv wKš‘ Rv‡bb bv| Avevi
GB wZbwU cÖZ¨vkv hw` Ab¨‡`i cÖZ¨vkvi mv‡_ bv wg‡j Zv n‡j kvwš— wewNœZ n‡Z cv‡i |
ZvB †f‡e wP‡š— cÖZ¨vkv wVK Ki“b|
Avcbvi wb‡Ri 3 wU cÖZ¨vkv|
3wU cÖZ¨vkv Avcbv‡`i ¯^vaxbZv,gvbweK gh©v`v Avi AwaKvi‡K wPwnèZ Ki‡e|
GKwU kvwš—gq c„w_ex Movi †m me cÖZ¨vkv|
11| mevB‡K †PvL Lyj‡Z ejyb| LvwbKUv mgq w`b ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avm‡Z|
12| cÖ‡Z¨K AskMÖnYKvix‡K Zv‡`i wPwnèZ wZbwU cÖZ¨vkv ‡bvU LvZvq wjL‡Z ejyb|
13| KvW©¸wj msMÖn Ki“b I ‡ev‡W© ‡mu‡U w`b| Zvici `yRb AskMÖnYKvix‡K AvnŸvb Rvbvb Kv‡W©
†jLv cÖZ¨vkv¸wj c‡o †kvbv‡Z|
14| cÖZ¨vkv †jLv †kl n‡j ‡Rvov`j MVb Ki“b| †Rvov `‡j wb‡R‡`i wPwnèZ cÖZ¨vkv¸wj
Av‡jvPbv K‡i mg‡SvZvq †cuŠQ‡Z ejybGes †m¸wj †_‡K †Kej wZbwU †e‡Q wb‡Z ejyb| mgq w`b
2 wgwbU|
15| `yBwU †Rvov`j (†gvU 4 Rb) GKÎ K‡i Av‡Mi wbq‡g †Kej †Rvov`‡ji wZbwU wZbwU cÖZ¨vkv
†_‡K mg‡SvZvi wfwˇZ wZbwU cÖZ¨vkv evQvB Ki‡Z ejyb| mgq w`b 2 wgwbU| evQvB KvR †kl
n‡j 4 R‡bi ga¨ †_‡K 1 Rb cÖwZwbwa wbe©vPb Ki‡Z ejyb|
16| `‡ji cÖwZwbwa‡`i gvSLv‡b em‡Z ejyb| Zv‡`i‡K mg‡SvZvi wfwˇZ wZbwU cÖZ¨vkv P~ovš—
Ki‡Z ejyb| mgq w`b 3 wgwbU|
17| P~ovš— cÖZ¨vkv wZbwU Kv‡W© eo eo A¶‡i wj‡L Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb|
18| ejyb †h, GB wZbwU mve©Rbxb cÖZ¨vkv gvbevwaKvi‡K BswMZ K‡i|
19| gvbevwaKvi ej‡Z †K Kx ey‡Sb - GKwU Kv‡W© eo eo A¶‡i m‡e©v”P wZb jvB‡bi g‡a¨ Zv‡`i
aviYv wjL‡Z ejyb|
20| KvW© †jLv †kl n‡q †M‡j AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq Zv †ev‡W© AvU‡K wbb| GKRb Ask
MÖnYKvix‡K me¸wj Kv‡W©i †jLv c‡o ïbv‡Z ejyb|
21| Gevi Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ gvbevwaKvi ¯−vBW cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
gvbevwaKvi
gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q Avš—R©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK„Z KZ¸‡jv AvBwb wbivcËvi wbðqZv hv cÖwZwU gvbyl‡K
Zvi ¯^vaxbZv I gvbweK gh©v`v AUzU ivL‡Z mn‡hvwMZv K‡i|
gvbevwaKvi n‡”Q †gŠwjK Ges kZ©nxb cig AwaKvi hv GKRb gvbyl wnmv‡e cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB cÖvc¨|
15. 15
22| ejyb †h, RvwZmsN 1948 mv‡ji 10 wW‡m¤^i mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv K‡i| GB †NvlYvq
30wU Aby‡”Q` Av‡Q|
cÖvmw½K fv‡e e‡j w`b †h, ÔgvbevwaKviÕ Gi g~j welq n‡”Q Õme gvbyl Rb¥MZ fv‡e ¯^vaxb Ges
mevi gh©v`v, AwaKvi mgvb|Õ Av‡M me gvbyl bq cyi“‡li ¯^vaxbZv Avi mvb AwaKv‡ii K_v ejv
n‡Zv| Av‡gwiKvi ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYv (RyjvB 4, 1776) Avi weªwUk-Av‡gwiKvb‡`i AvM÷ 26, 1749
†NvlYv I d«v‡Ýi RvZxq Ks‡MÖ‡mi †NvlYvq ejv n‡qwQj `Men are born and remain free and equal in
rights’ A_©vr Zv‡Z †Kej cyi“‡li ¯^vaxbZv Ges mgvb AwaKv‡ii K_v ejv n‡qwQj| bvixi
¯^vaxbZvi I mgvb AwaKv‡ii K_v ejv nqwb †mLv‡b|
Av‡iv ejyb †h, mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvq bvix, cyi“l, wkï mK‡ji mgvb gh©v`v I AwaKvi
ewY©Z Av‡Q|
23| ejyb †h, mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvq Kx †jLv Av‡Q Zv GLb Avgiv c‡o ‡`L‡ev|G ch©v‡q
mKj Ask MÖnYKvixi Kv‡Q mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvi Kwc (mnR fvlvš—i) mieivn Ki“b|
24| 5 R‡bi `‡j ev ÷vwW mv‡K©j c×wZ‡Z gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv cv‡Vi e¨e¯’v Ki“b| GR‡b¨ 10
wgwbU mgq eivÏ Ki“b|
25| gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv cvV †kl n‡j ejyb †h, gvbevwaKvi ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ 4 wU bxwZgvjv wbw`©ó
Kiv n‡q‡Q| †mMywj n‡”Q :
mve©RbxbZvi g~jbxwZ, Awe‡f`¨Zvi g~jbxwZ, `vwqZ¡ evnK‡`i eva¨evaKZv, Revew`wnZv-i g~jbxwZ
I AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ
26| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ gvbevwaKvi-Gi g~jbxwZmg~n Dc¯’vcb Ki“b|
gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZmg~n
mve©RbxbZvi g~jbxwZ
Awe‡f`¨Zvi g~jbxwZ
`vwqZ¡ evnK‡`i eva¨evaKZv (Revew`wnZv)-i g~jbxwZ
AwefvR¨Zv I ci¯úi wbf©ikxjZvi g~jbxwZt
27| cÖ‡kœvËi Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g bxwZgvjv¸wj e¨vL¨v Ki“b|
gvbevwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZmg~nt
1. mve©RbxbZvi g~jbxwZ
ms¯‹…wZ, HwZn¨ I Ab¨vb¨ †¶‡Î †h cv_©K¨ hvB _vKzK bv †Kb, ag©, eY©, †MvÎ, †kªYx, †ckv
BZ¨vw` wbwe©‡k‡l AwaKv‡ii `„wó‡Z mKj gvbyl mgvb| †mB gvbyl we‡k¦i †hLv‡bB evm Ki“K
ev †h Ae¯’v‡ZB _vKzK mevi Rb¨ AwaKvi mgfv‡e cÖ‡hvR¨| gvbevwaKv‡ii aviYvi †¶‡Î KviI
cÖwZ †Kvb cÖKvi b~b¨Zg ˆel‡g¨i AeKvk †bB| mKj gvbyl‡KB AwaKv‡ii AvIZvq Aš—f~©³
16. 16
Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡K Aš—fy©w³KiY ev Inclusion e‡j| wkïivI GB AwaKv‡ii AvIZvq c‡o|
wkï‡`i †¶‡Î GB mve©RbxbZvi A_© n‡jvt
AwaKv‡ii †¶‡Î ‡Q‡j ev †g‡q mgvb|
mKj wkïi Kj¨vY mgvb g~Y¨evb, wKš‘ hviv me‡P‡q †ewk cÖwZKyj ev cÖvwš—K
Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i Kj¨vY‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e|
m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ mKj wkïi cÖwZ AvPiY Ki‡Z n‡e|
wkïi GB AwaKvi msNl© A_ev cÖvK…wZK `y‡hv©Mc~Y© ¯’v‡bI cÖ‡hvR¨| †h †Kvb
Ae¯’vq Ges †h †Kvb ¯’v‡b AwaKv‡ii welqwU Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z n‡e|
2. Awe‡f`¨Zvi g~jbxwZ
Kv‡iv gvbevwaKvi †hgb †K‡o †bqv hvq bv, †Zgwb †KD †¯^”Qvq Zvi gvbevwaKvi Z¨vMI Ki‡Z
cv‡i bv|
3. `vwqZ¡ evnK‡`i eva¨evaKZv (Revew`wnZv)-i g~jbxwZ
gvbevwaKv‡ii †K‡›`ª ev g~j we›`y‡Z Av‡Q AwaKvi‡fvMx (hv‡`i AwaKvi Av‡Q) Ges `vwqZ¡evnK‡`i
(AwaKvi ev¯—evq‡bi `vwqZ¡ hvi ev hv‡`i Dci Awc©Z) g‡a¨Kvi m¤ú‡K©i welqwU|
4. AwefvR¨Zv I ci¯úi wbf©ikxjZvi g~jbxwZt
gvbevwaKvi GKwU weivU welq, Gi g‡a¨ Av‡Q bvMwiK, ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK I
mvs¯‹…wZK bvbvwea AwaKvi - G me¸wjB ¸i“Z¡ c~Y© Ges GKwU AciwUi Dci wbf©ikxj|
mKj AwaKvi mgvb¸i“Z¡ m¤úbœ n‡jI m¤ú‡`i AcÖZzjZv _vK‡j †Kvb †Kvb welq‡K
AMÖwaKvi †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡¶‡Î GKwU AwaKvi c~i‡Y cÖZ¨¶fv‡e KvR Kivi cvkvcvwk
Ab¨mKj AwaKvi cÖwZôvi wel‡qI c`‡¶c I †KŠkj Kg©m~wP‡Z ZvK‡Z n‡e| Avi
Dbœqbg~jK Kv‡Ri Ab¨Zg kZ© n‡”Q- hviv me‡P‡q †ekx cÖwZK~j ev cÖvwš—K Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q
Zv‡`i AMÖvwaKvi w`‡Z n‡e|
28| bxwZgvjv e¨vL¨v †kl n‡j AskMÖnYKvix‡`i ejyb †h, mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi ‡NvlYv QvovI
e¨w³ I e¨w³e‡M©I ¯^vaxbZv I gvbweK gh©v`vi nvwb hv‡Z bv N‡U , †mR‡b¨ gvbevwaKvi I gvbweK
AvBb msμvš— wKQz Pzw³ I †NvlYv Av‡Q|
29| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ ÒgvbevwaKvi I gvbweK AvBb msμvš— cÖavb cÖavb Pzw³ I
†NvlYvÓ cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
17. 17
gvbevwaKvi I gvbweK AvBb msμvš— cÖavb cÖavb Pzw³ ev †NvlYv
1948 w` BDwbfvm©vj wWK¬v‡ikb Ae wnDg¨vb ivBUm ev me©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv (UDHR)
1949 ‡R‡bfv Kb‡fbkÝ|
1965 Kb‡fbkb Ab Gwjwg‡bkb Ae Aj dig& Ae †iwmqvj wWgwμ‡g‡bkÝ ev me ai‡bi
eY©‰elg¨ `~ixKiY welqK mb` (ICERD)
1966 w` B›Uvib¨vkbvj †Kv‡fbv›U Ae wmwfj G¨vÛ cwjwUK¨vj ivBUm ev bvMwiK I
ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi m¤úwK©Z Avš—R©vwZK †Kv‡fb¨v›U (ICCPR)
1966 w` B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡Kv‡fbv›U Ab BKbwgK G¨vÛ †mvk¨vj G¨vÛ KvjPvivj ivBUm ev
A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi welqK Avš—R©vwZK †Kv‡fb¨v›U
(ICESCR)1
1979 Kb‡fbkb Ab w` Gwjwg‡bkb Ad Aj digm& Ae wWmwμwg‡bkb G‡MBb÷ DB‡gb ev
bvixi cÖwZ me ai‡bi ˆelg¨ `~ixKiY msμvš— mb` (CEDAW)
1984 Kb‡fbkb G‡MBb÷ UiPvi G¨vÛ Av`vi μz‡qj, Bb wnDg¨vb Ae wW‡MÖwWs wUªU‡g›U Ai
cvwbm‡g›U ev wbh©vZb Ges Ab¨vb¨ wbôzi, AgvbweK A_ev A‡kvfb e¨envi A_ev kvw¯—
`vb we‡ivax mb` (CAT)
1989 Kb‡fbkb Ab ivBUm Ae w` PvBì ev wkï AwaKvi mb` (UN CRC)
2000 wg‡jwbqvg wWK¬v‡ikb ev mnmªvã †NvlYv
2003 Kb‡fbkb Ab w` cÖ‡UKkb Ae w` ivBUm Ae Aj gvBMÖv›U IqvK©vm© G¨vÛ †g¤^vim& Ae
†`qvi d¨vwgwjR ev mKj cwihvqx kªwgK Ges Zv‡`i cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i wbivcËv`vb
msμvš— mb`
2005 cÖwZeÜx e¨w³‡`i AwaKvi msμvš— mb`
30| ejyb †h Gi g‡a¨ wZbwU †NvlYv‡K mw¤§wjZfv‡e B›Uvib¨vkbvj wej Ae wnDg¨vb ivBUm ejv
nq|
31| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ B›Uvib¨vkbvj wej Ae wnDg¨vb ivBUm cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
1 w` BDwWGBPAvi, AvBwmwmwcAvi (Ges Gi `ywU Ackbvj †cÖv‡UvKj) Ges w` AvBwmBGmwmAvi‡K GK‡Î B›Uvib¨vkbvj wej Ae wnDg¨vb
ivBUm (Avš—R©vwZK gvbevwaKvi wej) e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv nq|
18. 18
B›Uvib¨vkbvj wej Ae wnDg¨vb ivBUm
1948 w` BDwbfvm©vj wWK¬v‡ikb Ae wnDg¨vb ivBUm ev gvbevwaKv‡ii me©Rbxb †NvlYv
(UDHR)
1966 w` B›Uvib¨vkbvj †Kv‡fbv›U Ae wmwfj G¨vÛ cwjwUK¨vj ivBUm ev bvMwiK I ivR‰bwZK
AwaKvi m¤úwK©Z Avš—R©vwZK †Kv‡fb¨v›U (ICCPR)
1966 w` B›Uvib¨vkbvj ‡Kv‡fbv›U Ab BKbwgK G¨vÛ †mvk¨vj G¨vÛ KvjPvivj ivBUm ev
A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi welqK Avš—R©vwZK †Kv‡fb¨v›U (ICESCR)
32| ejyb ‡h, gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvi ci wkï‡`i AwaKvi wb‡q c„w_exi me ivóª‡K fve‡Z n‡q‡Q |
KviY:
o wkï‡`i Pvwn`v, eq¯‹‡`i Pvwn`v †_‡K c„_K,
o A‡bK mgv‡RB wkïiv bvbv ai‡bi wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi nq
o A‡bK mgq wkï‡`i‡K m¤ú~Y©© gvbe wnmv‡e fvev nq bv,
o wkï‡`i cÖ‡qvRb we‡kl wbivcËv,
mKj gvbevwaKviB wkï‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ | wKš‘ wkïiv Zv‡`i Kg eq‡mi Kvi‡Y kvixwiK Ges
gvbwmKfv‡e GK‡bv Acwic° ZvB Zv‡`i we‡kl wbivcËv cÖ‡qvRb Avi cÖ‡qvRb wkï‡`i cÖwZ
eo‡`i AwZwi³ g‡bv‡hvM | Avi GRb¨B 1989 mv‡ji 20 b‡f¤^i RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb`
†NvlYv K‡i|
33| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Kv‡Q RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb`-Gi msw¶ß fvl¨ weZiY Ki“b|
34| ejyb †h, GB mb‡` 54wU Aby‡”Q` Av‡Q| e¨vL¨vi myweavi Rb¨ 54wU Avby‡”Q`‡K 5 wU ¸‡”Q
fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q|
35| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ 5 wU ¸‡”Qi bvg cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
cuvP ¸”Q wkï AwaKvi
wkïi †e‡uP _vKv (Survival)
wkïi weKvk (Development)
wkïi wbivcËv (Protection)
wkïi AskMÖnY (Participation)
ev¯—evqb I m‡PZbZv (Implementation and Awareness)
19. 19
36| ejyb, Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h gvbevwaKv‡ii 4wU g~jbxwZ Av‡Q| †miKg g~jbxwZ Av‡Q wkk~
AwaKv‡iiI| wkky AwaKv‡ii g~jbxwZ 5wU|
37| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ 5 wU g~~jbxwZ Dc¯’vcb Ki“b|
wkï AwaKvi-Gi 5wU g~jbxwZ
ˆelg¨nxbZv (Non-discrimination)
wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© (Best Interest of Child)
wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk (Survival & Development)
wkïi AskMÖnY (Participation)
Revew`wnZv (Accountability)
‰elg¨nxbZv
(Aby‡”Q`-2)
wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© AskMÖnY
(Aby‡”Q`-3) (Aby‡”Q`-12)
+ Revew`wnZv
(Aby‡”Q`-4)
38| ejyb †h, GB bxwZ¸wj n‡”Q wkï AwaKvi ev¯Zevq‡bi g~jbxwZ| Rvwb‡q w`b †h, 5wU g~jbxwZ
wb‡q GB †Kv‡m© Avjv`v Avjv`v Awa‡ekb cwiKíbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
39| mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ekb †kl Ki“b|
†eu‡P _vKv
I weKvk
(Aby‡”Q`-6)
20. 20
Awa‡ekb 3
AwaKvi‡fvMx wkky I `vwqZ¡evnK
D‡Ïk¨ t Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv
- wkï AwaKvi cÖ‡kœ mKj eq¯‹ e¨w³ ØvwqZ¡evnKMÖ“‡ci Aš—f©y³ Ges ivóª n‡”Q gyL¨
ØvwqZ¡evnKÓ-K_vwUi e¨vL¨v w`‡Z cvi‡eb|
- ØvwqZ¡evn‡Ki 3 ØvwqZ¡ wPwnèZ I we‡k−lY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
- ØvwqZ¡evnK I AwaKvi‡fvMx m¤úK© Pμ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
mgq t 1 N›Uv 30 wgwbU
c×wZ t aviYv cÖKvk,iƒcK f~wgKv,†QvU`j
DcKiY/mnvqK mvgMªx t wewfbœ †ckv I e¨w³i bvg †jLv 30wU KvW©, wd¬cmxU I gvK©vi, †evW©,
¯−vBW: ØvqZ¡evn‡Ki 3 ØvwqZ¡, ØvwqZ¡evnK wnmv‡e ivóªc‡¶i 3 ØvwqZ¡, wewfbœ ch©v‡qi ØvwqZ¡evnK,
ØvqZ¡evnK I AwaKvi‡fvMx m¤úK©Pμ
cÖwμqv t
1| mevB‡K Awa‡ek‡b ¯^vMZ Rvbvb| Awa‡ek‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq Rvwb‡q w`b|
2| ejyb, Avgiv Rvwb †h, ÔAwaKviÕ K_vwUi mv‡_ 2wU c¶ RwoZ| GKwU n‡”Q AwaKvi‡fvMx Ab¨wU
n‡”Q `vwqZ¡evnK| `vwqZ¡evn‡Ki KvR n‡”Q AwaKvi‡fvMxi AwaKvi †fvM welqwU wb¼zzk Kiv|
3| ejyb †h, wkïiv n‡”Q AwaKvi †fvMx| Ab¨ w`‡K RvZxq wkï AwaKvi mb‡` ivóª‡K gyL¨
`vwqZ¡evnK Ges cwievi‡K gyL¨ cwiPh©vKvix ejv n‡q‡Q|
4| Òwkï AwaKv‡ii cÖ‡kœ gyL¨ `vwqZ¡ evnK n‡”Q ivóª - K_vwUi A_© wK? cÖ‡Z¨K Ask MÖnYKvixi
KvQ †_‡K aviYv msMÖn Ki“b| Zvici ejyb †h, ivóª GB `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i gš¿Yvjq, Awa`ßi,
wewfbœ miKvix cÖwZôvb Gi gva¨‡g| Ab¨ w`‡K iv‡óªi m`m¨ wnmv‡e mKj eq¯‹ e¨w³ (18 eQ‡ii
†ewk) `vwqZ¡evnK MÖ“‡ci Aš—f©y³|
5| ejyb †h, GLb Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨‡K GK GKwU iƒcK f~wgKvq Ask †b‡ev |
6| Av‡M †_‡K ˆZix Kiv wewfbœ †ckv/bvg †jLv KvW© Avcbvi mvg‡b ivLyb
21. 21
KvW© : wewfbœ †ckv/bvg †jLv
W±i BDb~m, evb wK gyb (RvwZmsN gnvmwPe), wWwR wcÖRb, BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb, ¯‹z‡jb
mvg‡b AvPvi we‡μZv, wfwWI wmwW we‡μZv, gv`K e¨emvqx, ivóªcwZ, ‡kL nvwmbv, ‡eMg Lv‡j`v
wRqv, †jLK n~gvq~b Avng`, †Rjv cÖkvmK, hy³iv‡óªi †cÖwm‡W›U, cywj‡ki AvBwR, wek¦e¨vs‡Ki
†cÖwm‡W›U, ‡P¤^vi Ae Kgv‡m©i †cÖwm‡W›U Avwbm~j nK, mvsevw`K, cy‡ivwnZ, cÖ_g Av‡jvi m¤úv`K,
‡eMgevRv‡ii †nv‡Uj gvwjK, ga¨weË M„nea~ mwLbv, MvqK dwKi AvjgMxi, wm‡bgv Awf‡bÎx,
kveb~i/KvRj/†iLv, A‡÷ªwjqv wμ‡KU`‡ji K¨v‡Þb, evm KÛv±i, eªv‡Ki †Pqvig¨vb Av‡e` Lvb,
†mf `¨ wPj‡Wªb Awd‡mi wmwKDwiwU MvW©, KvjKvUv Kvgvj, Bgvg, cÖavb wbe©vPbKwgkbvi, mycÖxg
†Kv‡U©I cÖavb wePvicwZ, GBW&m Avμvš— abx ‡KvwUcwZ e¨w³, Zviv Rgxb ci wm‡bgvi cwiPvjK I
Awf‡bZv mvjgvb Lvb| b¨v‡Uv mvgwiK evwnbxi cÖavb, Biv‡K Av‡gwiKvb evwnbxi cÖavb, MvRv
wmwUi †gqi, ¯‹z‡ji wWªj wk¶K|
cÖ‡Z¨K AskMÖnYKvix‡K Avmb †_‡K D‡V G‡m GKwU KvW© msMÖn Ki‡Z ejyb| mevB‡K Aby‡iva
Ki“b Kv‡W© Kx †jLv Av‡Q Zv †hb Ab¨ KvD‡K bv Rvbvb|
7| me AskMÖnYKvix KvW© msMÖn K‡i wbR wbR Avm‡b wd‡i †M‡j ejyb †h, Avcbv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki
nv‡Z GKwU †ckvi bvg ev e¨w³i bvg Av‡Q| GLb †_‡K Avcbviv wb‡R‡K H †ckvi †jvK/e¨w³i
cwiP‡q K_v ej‡eb|
8| ejyb †h, Avgiv GLb G‡K G‡K mevi KvQ †_‡K Rvb‡ev bZzb †ckvi/Ae¯’vb †_‡K wkï
AwaKvi cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Avcwb Kx ØvwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb| H Ae¯’vb †_‡K Avcbvi mywbw`©ó wKQz Kv‡Ri
K_v/cÖwZkÖ“wZ K_v ejyb hv Avcwb Ki‡Z Pvb|
9| cÖ‡Z¨K AskMÖnYKvixi K_v ïbyb| G mgq Zv‡`i K_vi g~j¨vqb Kiv hv‡e bv Zv †Lqvj ivLyb|
me AskMÖnbKvixi K_v †kl n‡q †M‡j ejyb †h, Avgiv †`Ljvg cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB, †h †h Ae¯’v‡b _v‡Kb
bv †Kb Zvi wKQz `vwqZ¡ _v‡KB|
10| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii gva¨‡g `vwqZ¡evn‡Ki 3 ØvwqZ¡ cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
`vwqZ¡ evn‡Ki 3 `vwqZ¡
wkï AwaKvi ev¯—evq‡b `vwqZ¡evnK‡`i cÖavb `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q
wkïi AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ m¤§vb (Respect ) cÖ`k©b
wkï AwaKvi‡K myi¶v (Protection) cÖ`vb
wkïi AwaKvi c~iY (Fulfill) Kiv
22. 22
11| 1,2, 3; 1,2,3 ¸‡Y AskMÖnYKvix‡`i 3 wU MÖ“‡c fvM Ki“b| ejyb †h, hvi hvi Avm‡b
e‡mB KvR Ki‡eb Zviv|
12| Gevi KvR fvM K‡i w`b:
hv‡`i b¤^i 1 Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K Ôwkïi AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©bÓej‡Z Kx eySvq Zv wjL‡eb|
hv‡`i b¤^i 2 Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K Òwkï AwaKvi‡K myi¶v cÖ`vbÓ ej‡Z Kx eySvq- Zv wjL‡eb|
hv‡`i b¤^i 3 Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K Òwkïi AwaKvi c~iY Kiv Ó ej‡Z Kx eySvq- Zv wjL‡eb|
13| wfc KvW© mieivn Ki“b| cÖ‡Z¨K‡K GKwU K‡i c‡q›U wjL‡Z ejyb | †mB mv‡_ wfc KvW©-G
†jLvi wbqg Rvwb‡q w`b/g‡b Kwi‡q w`b|
14| mevi †j‡Lv n‡q †M‡j KvW©¸wj 3 fv‡M †ev‡W© jvwM‡q †`Iqvi e¨e¯’v Ki“b| Ges cÖ‡Z¨K
MÖ“‡ci cÖwZwbwa †W‡K Zv covi e¨e¯’v Ki“b|
15| Gevi Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Ò`vwqZ¡evnK wnmv‡e ivóªc‡¶i 3 `vwqZ¡Ó Dc¯’vcb
Ki“b|
`vwqZ¡evnK wnmv‡e ivóªc‡¶i 3 `vwqZ¡
wkïi AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ m¤§vb (Respect ) cÖ`k©b
wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i Aš—M©Z wkïi me ai‡Yi AwaKvi ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges
wkï‡`i AwaKvi‡fvMx wnmv‡e m¤§vb †`Lv‡Z n‡e|
Ggb †Kv‡bv AvBb, bxwZgvj ˆZwi/ev¯—evqb ev †Kv‡bv KvR Kiv hv‡e bv hv
wkï‡`i‡K †Kv‡bv AwaKvi †_‡K ewÂZ Kiv nq|
wkk~ AwaKvi-Gi c‡¶ hZ ABb, bxwZgvjv `iKvi ˆZwi I ev¯—evqb
wkï AwaKvi j½‡bi wei“‡× ev wkï AwaKvi c~i‡Yi `vwe‡Z wkï‡`i A_ev wkï I
wkï AwaKv‡ii c‡¶ eo‡`i †Kv‡bv Kg©m~wP cvj‡b evav bv †`Iqv
wkïi ¯^vaxb gZvg‡Zi cÖwZ, wkï‡`i msMwVZ nIqvi ¯^vaxbZvi cÖwZ m¤§vb
†`Lv‡bv|
wkï AwaKvi‡K myi¶v (Protection) cÖ`vb
wkï AwaKvi myi¶v Kiv
wkï AwaKvi j½b bv Kiv| Z…Zxq c¶ hv‡Z wkï AwaKvi j½b bv K‡i Zvi e¨e¯’v Kiv|
wkïi AwaKvi c~iY (Fulfill) Kiv
iv‡óªi Aš—M©Z me GjvKvi me wkkyi me AwaKvi c~i‡Yi e¨e¯’v wbwðZ Kiv|
cÖ‡qvRbxq AvBb , weavb , bxwZgvjv, I ev¯—evqb KvVv‡gv ˆZwi
23. 23
cÖ‡qvRbxq ev‡RU eivÏ
evóªxq e¨e¯’vq mivmwi †mev cÖ`vb
16| Gevi Òwewfbœ ch©v‡qi ØvwqZ¡evnKÓ kxl©K bx‡Pi wPÎwU cÖ`k©b Ki“b Ges AskMÖnYKvix‡`i
mn‡hvwMZv wb‡q e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb Ki“b|
wewfbœ ch©v‡qi ØvwqZ¡evnK
24. 24
17| welqwU Av‡iv ¯úó Kivi Rb¨ Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ ÔAwaKvi ‡fvMx I `vwqZ¡evn‡Ki
m¤úK©-Pμ kxl©K wPÎwU †`Lvb Ges AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq e¨vL¨v Ki“b|
`vwqZ¡evnK I AwaKvi‡fvMx m¤úK©-Pμ
AwaKvi Ñ `vwqZ¡ Ñ `vex
(†RvqvwKg _vBm cÖYxZ)
`vwqZ¡evnK
m¤§vb, myi¶v
Ges AwaKvi c~iY
hv‡`i Rb¨ ˆelg¨nxbZv †hLvb †_‡K
`vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i AwaKvi `vex
Kiv nq
AwaKvi‡fvMx
18| ejyb †h, GB QwewU †_‡K Avgiv ØvwqZ¡evn‡Ki Av‡iv GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Øvwq‡Z¡i K_v Rvb‡Z
cviwQ| Avi Zv n‡”Q Revew`wnZvi `vwqZ¡|
Rvwb‡q w`b †h, GB †Kv‡m© `vwqZ¡evnK‡`i Revew`wnZv wel‡q GKwU Awa‡ekb Av‡Q| Avgiv h_v
mg‡q G wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev|
19| mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ekb †kl Ki“b|
Revew`wnZv
AskMÖnY
25. 25
Awa‡ekb 4
AwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb cš’v
D‡Ïk¨ t Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv
-AwaKviwfwËK Dbœqb cš’v-i cUf~wg e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
-Pvwn`v wfwËK Dbœqb cš’v I AwaKviwfwËK Dbœqb cš’v-i cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
mgq t 1N›Uv 30 wgwbU
c×wZ t aviYv cÖKvk,cÖ`k©b,†QvU`j
DcKiY/mnvqK mvgMÖx t †evW© I gvK©vi, wewfbœ cš’vi bvg †jLv KvW©, UªvÝcv‡iÝx mxU:Dbœqb cš’vi
BwZnvm, `yB avivi AwaKvi, Pvwn`v wfwËK Dbœqb cš’v I AwaKviwfwËK Dbœqb cš’v-i cv_©K¨
cÖwμqv:
1| mevB‡K ¯^vMZ: Rvbvb|
2| ejyb †h, GB Awa‡ek‡b Avgiv AwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb cš’v wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev|
3| †ev‡W© ÒAwaKvi wfwËK cš’vÓ K_vwU wjLyb| mevB Zv †`L‡Z cv‡”Qb wK bv wbwðZ †nvb|
Zvici ejyb †h, ÒAwaKvi wfwËK cš’vÓ K_vwU G‡m‡Q ÒAwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb cš’vÓ K_vwU
†_‡K|
4| †ev‡W© ÒAwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb Kg©m~wPÓ K_vwU wjLyb| ejyb †h, Bs‡iwR‡Z G‡K ÒivBU&m
†eBRW ‡W‡fjc‡g›U ‡cÖvMvgÕ ejv nq|
5| ejyb †h, Dbœqb Avi Ebœqb-Kg©m~wP wel‡q Avgiv Rvwb Avi G wb‡q KvRI K‡i AvmwQ|
Dbœœqb cš_vq bZzb GKwU gvÎv hy³ n‡q Zv n‡q‡QÒAwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb Ó|
6| ejyb †h,Avgiv cÖ_‡gB Dbœqb Kg©m~wP †_‡K ÒAwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb Kg©m~wPÕ iƒcvš—wiZ
nIqvi welqwU wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev|
7| ejyb †h, Ab¨vq, AwePvi, Ab¨vh¨Zvi wei“‡× gvby‡li msMÖvg Pj‡Q †mB cÖvPxb Kvj †_‡K|
‡kvlY, eÂbv, †f`v‡f`, ¶gZvi Ace¨envi Avi ¶gZvai‡`i AZ¨vPvi †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi
26. 26
Rb¨ mgvR Avi e¨w³i g‡a¨ mym¤úK© Movi ZvwM` Av‡Q ey‡×i evYx‡Z, evB‡e‡j, †Kviv‡b|
AvaywbK Kv‡j Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ Avgiv bvbv iKg cš’v e¨envi K‡iwQ Ges KiwQ|
8| aviYv cÖKvk c×wZ‡Z AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wewfbœ Dbœqb cš’vi bvg †R‡b wbb|
Zv‡`i ejv cÖ‡Z¨KwU Dbœqb cš’vi bvg †ev‡W© wjLyb| ‡k‡l AvcwbI `yÕGKwU bvg hy³ Ki“b|
9| ejyb †h, Pvwn`vi Ici wfwË K‡i GB Dbœqb cš’v¸wj wewfbœ mg‡q Dbœqbg~jK Kv‡R
e¨eüZ n‡q‡Q, GL‡bv n‡”Q| G cÖm‡½ ejyb †h, Avgiv Kj¨vY cš’v(Welfare Approach)
†_‡K, `vwi`¨ª we‡gvPb cš’v(Anti Poverty Approach), Zv †_‡K mgZv cš’v(Equity
Approach), Ges ‡mLvb †_‡K `¶Zve„w×cš’v(Efficiency Approach) I Av‡iv c‡i
¶gZvqb cš’v (Empowerment Approach)Gfv‡e GK Dbœqb cš’v †_‡K Av‡iK
Dbœqbcš’vi cwieZ©b †`‡LwQ| eZ©gv‡b Dbœqb cš’v wnmv‡e ‡ewk ¸i“Z¡ cv‡”Q AwaKvi wfwËK
Dbœqb cš’v|
K_v¸wj ejvi mgq A‡M †_‡K ‰Zix mswk−ó Dbœqb cš’vi bvg †jLv KvW©¸wj †ev‡W© duvK duvK K‡i
AvU‡K w`b Ges GKwU †_‡K Av‡iKwU‡Z DËiY eySv‡Z + wPnè e¨envi Ki“b|
10| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ gvbevwaKvi Dbœqb cš’vq †cuŠQvi BwZnvm cÖ`k©b
Ki“b|Ges AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mnvqZv wb‡q e¨vL¨v Ki“b|
AwaKvi Dbœqb cš’vq †cuŠQvi BwZnvm
1914-1919 cÖ_g wek¦hy×
1917 mgvRZvwš¿K ivwkqvi Rb¥
1946 mv‡Î©i Aw¯—Ë¡ev`
Pig e¨w³-¯^vZš¿¨ I Pig e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZvev`
1948 mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYv
1950-1980 kxZj hy×
Avš—©RvwZK kw³ 2 fv‡M wef³
c~uwRev`x c¶:hy³ivóª I Zvi wgÎ †`k
mgvRZvwš¿K c¶: †mvwf‡qZ ivwkqv I Ab¨
mgvRZvwš¿K‡`k mg~n
1966 UN International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights
Dbœqb I
27. 27
hy³ivóª I Zvi wgÎc¶ GwU Aby‡gv`b K‡i;
mgvRZvwš¿K c¶-Gi †`k¸wj Gi we‡ivwaZv
K‡i
gvbevwaKvi
Avjv`v n‡q hvq
1966 UN International Covenant on
Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights
mgvRZvwš¿K c¶ GwU Aby‡gv`b K‡i; hy³ivóª I
Zvi wgÎc¶ Gi we‡ivwaZv K‡i
1986 Declaration on the Rights to
Development
1991 UNCRC G‡Z Av‡Q wkïi
wmwfj,ivR‰bwZ
K,A_©‰bwZK,mvg
vwRK I
mvs¯‹…wZK
AwaKv‡ii c~Y©
mgš^q
1997 UN Reform: Rights Based
Development
2000 UNDP’s HRD on Human Rights
and Human Development
2001 Rights Based Programing
Approaches (UN organizations,
donors, NGOs..)
11| Av‡jvPbv †k‡l ejyb †h, AwaKv‡ii cÖ‡kœ c„w_ex 2 fv‡M wef³| GKw`‡K Av‡Q
A_©‰bwZK,
mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi Avi Ab¨w`‡K Av‡Q wmwfj I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi
|
Avgiv G welqwU wb‡q Av‡iv LvwbKUv Av‡jvPb& Ki‡ev|
12| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Ò`yB avivi AwaKviÓ QKwU cÖ`k©b Ki“b Ges
msw¶ß e¨vL¨v w`b|
28. 28
AwaKvi A_©‰bwZK,mvgvwRK Ges
mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi
wk¶v
¯^v¯’¨
AvkªqKvR
cvwb
wmwfj I ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi
evK ¯^vaxbZv
Pjv‡div Kivi ¯^vaxbZv
msNe× nIqvi ¯^vaxbZv
b¨vq wePvi cvIqvi AwaKvi
AZ¨vPvi †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi
AwaKvi
mgm¨v `vwi`ª¨, †kvlY, Ab¨vh¨Zv e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZvi cÖwZ nzgKx
Bm¨~ ‡hŠ_ ¯^v_©
mgZv
`vwi`ª¨ †_‡K gyw³
m¤ú‡`i b¨vh¨ e›Ub
e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZv
fq/k¼v †_‡K gyw³
b¨vq wePvi
myi¶v
MYZvwš¿K bxwZgvjv
mgvavb m¤ú`-Gi cybte›Ub
mylg m¤ú` †fvM
e¨w³i ¯^vaxbZv
13| ejyb †h, wewfbœ Dbœqb cš’vi K_v, gvbevwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb cš’vi K_v Avgiv Rvbjvg|
Avgv‡`i mevB‡K GKwU K_v g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, ‡Kv‡bv Dbœqb cš’vi meUzKz ev` w`‡q Av‡iKwU
Dbœqb cš’vi Rb¥ nq bv| GKwU Dbœqb cš’vi djcÖmy w`K¸wj †i‡L Zvi AKvh©Ki I mxgve×Zv
ev` w`‡q Ab¨ GKwU Dbœqb cš’vi Rb¥ nq| A_©vr cš’vi i“cvš—i N‡U|
14| ejyb †h, Gevi Avgiv †QvU `‡j Av‡jvPbv K‡i Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb cš’v I gvbevwaKvi wfwËK
Dbœqb cš’vi cv_©K¨ Luy‡R †ei Ki‡ev|
15| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i 4wU `‡j fvM K‡i GKvRwU Ki‡Z w`b| `jxq Kv‡Ri Rb¨ 20 wgwbU
mgq
cvIqv hv‡e - Zv Rvwb‡q w`b|
29. 29
16| `jxq Av‡jvPbvi ci cÖ‡Z¨K `j Av‡jvPbvi djvdj Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e| Av‡jvPbv Dc¯’vcb
ce© †kl n‡j Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Ò Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb cš’v I gvbevwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb
cš’vi cv_©K¨Ó kxl©K ¯−vBW cÖ`k©b Ki“b | Ges cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K Zv‡`i mv‡_ c‡q›Um¸wj
wgwj‡q wb‡Z ejyb|
Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb cš’v I AwaKvi wfwËK cš’v g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
AwaKvi wfwËK Kg©m~Px‡Z Revew`wnZv _v‡K wKš‘y Pvwn`v wfwËK ev Ab¨ Dbœqb cš’v wfwËK
Kg©m~Px‡Z
Revew`wnZv _v‡K bv| Pvwn`v wfwËK I AwaKvi wfwËK Kg©myPxi g‡a¨ †h cv_©K¨ Av‡Q Zv wbæi“c t
Pvwn`v ev Ab¨vb¨ Dbœqb cš’v AwaKvi wfwËK cš’v
* e¨w³MZ e`vb¨Zv bvMwiK, ivR‰bwZK, ˆbwZK I AvBbMZ
`vwqZ¡, eva¨evaKZv I `vwqZ¡
* †¯^”QvcÖ‡Yvw`Z eva¨Zvg~jK
`vbkxjZv AvBbMZ `vwqZ¡, eva¨evaKZv, I KZ©e¨
*Kj¨vY, `qv `w¶Yvg~jK AvBbMZ`vwe, wbðqZv
j¶Y¸wj‡K (symtoms) cÖvavb¨ †`q g~j KviY‡K (root causes) cÖvavb¨ †`q
AvswkK j¶¨ AR©‡bI mš‘wó jvf K‡i (D`vniY: 80 kZvsk
wkï‡K UxKv †`Iqv; e„nËi Rb‡Mvôx‡K †mev cÖ`vb Kiv)
m¤ú~Y© j¶¨ AR©b bv nIqv ch©š— mš‘wó AR©b
K‡i bv| A_©vr mKj e¨w³i mgvb AwaKvi
Av‡Q, ZvB 80 kZvsk wkï‡K UxKv`vb Kivi
A_© GB †h, j¶¨ m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c AwR©Z nqwb
Pvwn`vi ¸i“‡Z¡i GKwU μg-web¨vm Av‡Q| wKQy Pvwn`vi ¸i“Z¡
Ab¨vb¨ Pvwn`vi ¸i“‡Z¡i AwaK (†hgbÑ wk¶vi Av‡M Lv`¨)
AwaKvi‡K fvM Kiv hvq bv| Zviv AwefvR¨
Ges ci¯úi wbf©ikxj
cwiw¯’wZ, e¨w³ I cwi‡ek †f‡` Pvwn`v wfbœ AwaKvi me©Rbxb welq (mKj †¶‡Î mgvb)
Kj¨vYg~jK †mev cÖ`vb K‡i (D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q Pvwn`v c~iY Kiv) ¶gZvqb (j¶¨ n‡”Q AwaKvi AR©b Kiv)
K‡i|
AwaKvi-†fvMx‡`i AwaKvi `vex Kivi Rb¨
¶gZvqb Kiv nq|
e¨w³Kfv‡e Pvwn`v wbiƒcY Kiv nq Avš—R©vwZK gv‡bi wfwˇZ AwaKvi‡K †`Lv
nq|
†cÖ¶vcU ¯^í‡gqv`x, k~b¨Zv c~iY Kiv †cÖ¶vcU `xN©‡gqv`x
wkï‡`i we‡kl we‡kl †Mvôxi cÖwZ j¶¨ K‡i we‡kl we‡kl
cÖKí
cy‡iv welq we‡ePbvq †bqv nq (holistic
approach)
wkïiv mvnvh¨ cvIqvi Dchy³ wkïiv mvnvh¨ cvevi AwaKvix
miKv‡ii wKQy Kiv KZ©e¨, wKš‘ Kvi“iB †Kvb mywbw`©ó
eva¨evaKZv †bB
miKv‡ii AvBbMZ I ˆbwZK eva¨evaKZv
i‡q‡Q
30. 30
†mev cÖ`vb e¨e¯’vi DbœwZK‡í wkïivI AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i AwaKvie‡j wkïiv mwμq AskMÖnYKvix
m¤ú‡`i ¯^íZv‡nZz wKQy wKQy wkï ewÂZ n‡Z cv‡i wb‡R‡`i m¤¢vebvi weKv‡k mKj wkïi mgvb
AwaKvi Av‡Q
cÖwZwU Kv‡Ri GKwU mywbw`©ó j¶¨ i‡q‡Q, wKš‘ mvgwMÖKfv‡e me
KvR‡K GKwÎZ K‡i GKwU j¶¨ wba©vi‡Yi e¨e¯’v †bB
Gi j¶¨ AZ¨š— mywe¯—„Z, mevB GK‡hv‡M
KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i|
wKQy wKQy †Mvôxi cÖv‡qvwMK AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q hv †_‡K wkïivI
jvfevb n‡Z cv‡i
wkïi AwaKvi AR©‡b mKj c~Y©eq¯‹ e¨w³
GKwU wbR¯^ f~wgKv wb‡Z cv‡i (wkïivI Ask
wb‡Z cv‡i)
MÖnY‡hvM¨ `vwe Ges AvBbMZ AwaKvi
†¯^Qv cÖ‡Yvw`Z eva¨Zvg~jK
Lye mvgvb¨ ev Aí AskMÖnY _v‡K ev Ki‡Z cv‡i mwμq AskMÖnY
‡KD †KD ewÂZ n‡Z cv‡i ev ev` co‡Z cv‡i mK‡jiB mgvb AwaKvi Av‡Q
cÖ‡Z¨K Kvh©μg Abyhvqx j¶¨ wbw`©ó Kiv _v‡K m¤ú~Y© j¶¨ AR©b K‡i
Kj¨vYg~jK †mev cÖ`vb K‡i (D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q Pvwn`v c~iY Kiv) ¶gZvqb (j¶¨ n‡”Q AwaKvi AR©b Kiv)
K‡i| AwaKvi †fvMx‡`i AwaKvi `vwe Kivi
Rb¨ ¶gZvqb Kiv nq
* cÖ‡qvRb/Pvwn`vwfwËK cš’v -i A‡bK PP©vKvix GUv ¯^xKvi K‡ib bv|
`yÕwU cš’vi g‡a¨ Dc‡iv³ cv_©‡K¨i g‡a¨ GKwU cÖavb welq n‡”Q †h,Pvwn`vwfwËK ev Ab¨
cš’vi g‡a¨ †Kvb Revew`wnZv †bB| Pvwn`vwfwËK ev Ab¨ cš’vq wkï‡`i myi¶v I mn‡hvwMZv`v‡bi
Rb¨ ivóª wKsev Ab¨vb¨ mswewae× KZ…©c‡¶i †Kvb ˆbwZK A_ev AvBbMZ eva¨evaKZv †bB|
Pvwn`v †_‡K A‡bK AwaKvi ˆZwi nq e‡U, Z‡e AwaKviwfwËK cš’vq AvBbMZ, ˆbwZK eva¨evaKZv
I Revew`wnZv Avcbv †_‡KB hy³ _v‡K| GKBm‡½ AwaKviwfwËK cš’vq AwaKvi‡fvMx‡`i
AwaKvi `vwe Ki‡Z DØy× Kiv nq Ges †mRb¨ Zv‡`i ¶gZvqb Kiv nq| Gi A_© n‡”Q,
Zv‡`i K…cvi cvÎ wnmv‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq bv, eis Zv‡`i‡K Zv‡`i cÖvc¨ AvBbMZ
AwaKvimg~‡ni `vex`vi wnmv‡e †`Lv nq|
g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h cÖ‡qvRb/Pvwn`vwfwËK cš’v I AwaKviwfwËK cš’vi mv‡_ †Kv‡bv we‡iva †bB|
eis cÖ_gwU wØZxqwUi wfwË e‡j a‡i †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i, Ges cÖ‡qvRb/Pvwn`vwfwËK cš’vqiDËg
wRwbm¸wj‡K AwaKviwfwËK cš’vq mswk−ó Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges AwaKvi I Dbœqb `ywU aviYv‡KB GB
cš’vq GKxf~Z Kiv n‡q‡Q|
A‡bK mgq eySv‡bvi Rb¨ AwaKviwfwËK cš’v‡K cÖ‡qvRbwfwËK G¨v‡cÖv‡Pi wecixZ G¨v‡cÖvP wnmv‡e
msÁvwqZ Kiv n‡q _v‡K| `ywU cš’viB wfwË n‡jv RbMY‡K wU‡K _vK‡Z mvnvh¨ Kiv Ges Zv‡`i
†fZ‡i †h me m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q †mB m¤¢vebvi c~Y© weKvk mvab Kiv| H j¶¨ AR©‡b Dfq cš’v‡ZB
bvbv gvwÎK mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv I K‡g©v‡`¨v‡Mi cÖ‡qvRb| Z‡e GB `yB gZev‡`i c~e©aviYv¸wj Ges
Kg©m~wPKi‡Y H me c~e©aviYvi e¨env‡ii g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q|
31. 31
17| Gevi ejyb †h, AwaKvi-Gi mv‡_ ¶gZv I ¶gZv KvVv‡gvi m¤úK© wbweo| cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki
AwaKvi mgvb n‡jI ¶gZvi Ø›Øg~jK m¤ú‡K©I Kvi‡Y Kg ¶gZvev‡bi AwaKvi jswNZ nq, ev
Zv‡`i AwaKvi _v‡K Ae‡nwjZ, Ac~wiZ| Avi G Kvi‡YB, AwaKvi K_vwUi g‡a¨ ÒAwaKvi
Av`v‡qi jovBÓ welqwU me©`vB RwoZ _v‡K| Avi ZvB, AwaKvi wfwËK cš’v n‡”Q
gvbevwaKvi, Dbœqb I j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ Kg©ZrciZv (activism)-Gi GKwU mw¤§wjZ iƒc|
18. Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ ÒAwaKvi wfwËK cš’v: gvbevwaKvi, Dbœqb I j¶¨ AR©‡bi
Rb¨ Kg©ZrciZv (activism)-Gi GKwU mw¤§wjZ iƒcÓ wPÎwU cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
AwaKvi wfwËK cš’v: gvbevwaKvi, Dbœqb I j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨
Kg©ZrciZv (activism)-Gi GKwU mw¤§wjZ iƒc
19| cÖ‡kœvËi c×wZ‡Z wPÎwUi e¨vL¨v `uvo Kivb|
gvbevwaKvi
AvBb, wePvi I ¯^vaxbZvi
cÖwZ kª×v †Rviv‡jv Kiv
gvbevwaKvi m¤ú‡K© wk¶vi
cÖmvi
AvBb cÖYqb
gvbevwaKvi cwiw¯’wZi
Dci cwiex¶Y I
cÖwZ‡e`b
¯^vaxbfv‡e cwiPvwjZ
gvbevwaKvi welqK wewfbœ
cÖwZôvb
wewfb cwZKvigjK e¨e¯v
Dbœq‡bi d‡j hv
AwR©Z nq
A_©‰bwZK mg„w× Ges
Avq I m¤ú` e„w×
bxwZgvjv cwieZ©b
mvg_©¨ m„wó Kiv
gvbm¤§Z †mev
mykvmb
e¨w³K g‡bvf½x I
Kg©ZrciZv ev Activism
AwaKvi AR©‡bi Rb¨ RbMY‡K mw¤§wjZ Kiv I Zv‡`i
mn‡hvwMZv Kiv Ges G Rb¨ ¶gZvq AwawôZ e¨w³‡`i
Dci Pvc m„wó Kiv
wbiš—b cÖPviYv I †`b`ievi
w
gvbevwaKvi I
Dbœqb
AR©‡bi Rb¨ †hme
†¶‡Î cwieZ©b
Avb‡Z n‡e
ivRbxwZ I AvBb
cÖvß m¤ú‡`i eÈb
cÖwZôvb¸wji gvb
e„w×
g‡bvf½x I e¨envi
DcvË I cwiex¶Y
32. 32
20| mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ekb †kl Ki“b| e¨vL¨v`v‡bi mgq Kg©ZrciZv As‡k
AwaKvi Av`v‡qi jovB welqwU ‡hvM Ki“b Ges ejyb †h, AwaKvi wfwËK Dbœqb Kg©m~wP
¶gZvq AwawôZ‡`i Ici bvbv Dcv‡q Pvc m„wó K‡i| GW‡fv‡Kmx Kvh©μg ZvB AwaKvi wfwËK
Dbœqb Kg©m~wPi GKwU D‡j−L‡hvM¨ Ask|
21| ejyb †h, Gevi Avgiv GKwU iƒcK ‡Ljvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡ev| Avi Zv Ki‡ev †Rvov`j
wfwˇZ|
22| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i †Rvov`‡j fvM Ki“b| cÖ‡Z¨K †Rvov`‡ji †h †Kvb GKRb‡K GKwU
nvZ g~wVe× Ki‡Z ejyb| Gici †Rvov`‡ji Ab¨Rb‡K H gywVe× nvZwU Lyj‡Z ejyb |
G mgq AskMÖnYKvixiv †KD †KD †Rvi K‡i gywV Lyj‡Z †Póv Ki‡eb| Awa‡ek‡b wKQyUv ˆn ˆP
n‡Z cv‡i|
23| mevB‡K _vwg‡q w`b| cÖkœ Ki“b: gywV Lyj‡Z †RvivRywi Ki‡Qb †Kb? Aby‡iva Ki‡j †h
KvRwU n‡q hvq, †mLv‡b †Rvi LvUv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb Kx?
24| ejyb †h, AwaKvi wfwËK Kg©ZrciZv n‡e Awnsm, wbqgZvwš¿K , AvBbvbyM|
25| mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ekb †kl Ki“b|
33. 33
Awa‡ekb 5
wkï AwaKvi Kg©mywPKiY
D‡Ïk¨ t Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv
-wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY ej‡Z Kx eySvq Zv e¨vL¨v K‡i ej‡Z cvi‡eb|
-wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY Pμ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
-wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKi‡Y cÖhvR¨ 5 wU g~jbxwZ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
-wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiYKi‡Y wkï‡`i eûgvwÎK Ae¯’vb I f~wgKv we‡k−lY
Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
mgq t 1 N›Uv
c×wZ t aviYv cÖKvk, cÖ`k©b,Abykxjb, iƒcK we‡klÁ †Pqvi
DcKiY t Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±i, mZ¨-wg_¨v Abykxjb cÎ, ¯−vBW: Kg©m~wPKiY Pμ, gvbevwaKvi
g~jbxwZ, wkï AwaKvi g~jbxwZ, wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKi‡Yi msÁv, wkï AwaKvi Kg„m~wPKi‡Yi
Dcv`vb mg~n
cÖwμqv t
1| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i ejyb †h, GB Awa‡ek‡b Avgiv wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~PxKiY wel‡q Av‡jvPbv
Ki‡ev|
2| Ô‡cÖvMÖvwgs ev Kg©m~PxKiY ej‡Z Avgiv ey‡S _vwKÕ- ? G wel‡q cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki aviYv msMÖn Ki“b|
3| Zvici ejyb †h, †cÖvMÖvwgs ej‡Z Avgiv cwiw¯’wZ we‡k−lY, cwiKíbv ev¯—evqb Ges gwbUwis
I g~j¨vq‡bi GKwU KvVv‡gv (frame work) cš’v (Approch) ey‡S _vwK|
4| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±i-Gi gva¨‡g Kg©m~wP Pμ Dc¯’vcb Ki“b|
35. 35
5| ejyb †h, GKB Pμ wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~PxKi‡Y e¨envi Kiv nq| Z‡e 4 av‡ci Kg©m~PxKiY
P‡μi cÖ_g av‡c cwiw¯’wZ we‡k−lY Gi ¯’‡j wkï AwaKvi cwiw¯’wZ we‡k−lY K_vwU e¨envi Kiv
nq|
6| Gevi wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~PxKiY Pμ Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wP Pμ
wkï AwaKvi
cwiw¯’wZ we‡k−lY
g~j¨vqb cwiKíbv cÖYqb
ev¯—evqb I cwiex¶Y
36. 36
7| ejyb †h, wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~PxKi‡Y eva¨Zvg~jKfv‡e wKQz g~jbxwZ cvjb Ki‡Z nq| ‡m¸wj
n‡”Q - ˆelg¨nxbZvi g~jbxwZ, m‡e©vËg ¯^v‡_©i g~jbxwZ, †eu‡P Z_v I weKv‡ki g~jbxwZ| AskMÖn‡Yi
g~jbxwZ Ges Revew`wnZvi g~jbxwZ|
8| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKi‡Yi g~jbxwZ¸wj cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY-Gi g~jbxwZ mg~n
ˆelg¨nxbZvi g~jbxwZ
m‡Ÿ©vËg ¯^v_©i¶vi g~jbxwZ
‡eu‡P _vKv weKvk-Gi g~jbxwZ
AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ
`vwqZ¡evnK‡`i Revew`wnZvi g~jbxwZ
9| ejyb †h, wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~Pxi g~jbxwZ¸wj G‡m‡Q ÔgvbevwaKviÕ I Ôwkï AwaKviÕ g~jbxwZ
†_‡K|
10| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ ÔgvbevwaKviÕ I Ôwkï AwaKviÕ g~jbxwZ cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
gvbevwaKvi g~jbxwZ
mve©RbxbZvi g~jbxwZ
Awe‡f`¨Zvi g~jbxwZ
`vwqZ¡evnK‡`i eva¨evaKZv (Revew`wnZv)-i g~jbxwZ
AwefvR¨Zv I ci¯úi wbf©ikxjZvi g~jbxwZ
wkï AwaKvi-Gi 5 g~jbxwZ
ˆelg¨nxbZv
wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_©i¶v
‡eu‡P _vKv I weKvk Ges
AskMÖnY
Revew`wnZv
37. 37
ejyb †h, gvbevwaKvi I wkï AwaKvi Gi me¸wj g~jbxwZ MÖnY K‡i wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~PxKiY Kiv
nq|
j¶¨ Ki‡Z ejyb †h, AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ Av‡Q gvbevwaKvi I wkï AwaKvi Dfq †¶‡ÎB| Avi wkï
AwaKv‡ii Ô‰elg¨nxZvi g‡a¨B Av‡Q gvbevwaKv‡ii Ômve©RbxbZvÕ I ÔAwffvR¨ZviÕ g~jbxwZ Avi
Gfv‡e meKwU g~jbxwZ MÖnY K‡ii wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~PxKi‡Yi g~jbxwZ `uvwo‡q‡Q 5wU‡Z|
11| ejyb †h, wkï AwaKvi Kg©myPxKi‡Y Gi g~jbxwZ cvjb cwinvh©| ZvB wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~Pxi
msÁv n‡e-
gvbevwaKvi I wkï AwaKvi - Gi g~jbxwZ h_vh_ MÖnY/cvjb K‡i wkï AwaKvi cwiw¯’wZ we‡k−lY
cwiKíbv, ev¯—evqb Ges gwbUwis I g~j¨vqb Kg©KvÛ‡K GK K_v wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~Px KiY
(Child Rights Programing) ev CRP e‡j|
12| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ CRP-i msÁv cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~Px KiY
gvbevwaKvi I wkï AwaKvi - Gi g~jbxwZ h_vh_ MÖnY/cvjb K‡i wkï AwaKvi cwiw¯’wZ
we‡k−lY cwiKíbv, ev¯—evqb Ges gwbUwis I g~j¨vqb Kg©KvÛ‡K GK K_v wkï AwaKvi
Kg©m~Px KiY (Child Rights Programing) ev CRP e‡j|
13| ‡ev‡W©, wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~PxKiY K_vwU ‡hvM wPnè e¨envi K‡i wjLyb:
wkï + AwaKvi + Kg©m~PxKiY
14| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ kãwU wZbwU cÖ`k©b K‡i msw¶ß e¨vL¨v w`b|
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~PxKiY
wkï (Child) : AvVv‡iv eQ‡ii wb‡P mKj evjK I evwjKv (hw` bv AvBbe‡j AvV‡iv eQ‡ii Kg
e‡qmx‡`i c~Y©eq¯‹ e¨w³ wnmv‡e ¯^xK…wZ †`qv nq)| GLv‡b ÔwkïÕ kãwU‡K GKwU mvwe©K A‡_©
e¨envi Kiv nq Ges Ôwkïi mvgwMÖKÕ cÖ‡qvRb¸wj‡K we‡ePbv Kiv nq (Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb‡K
Ô¯^v¯’¨Õ ev Ôwk¶vÕ BZ¨vw`i gZ LvZIqvwi wefvRb Kiv nq bv)| GKBm‡½ msÁvwU ˆelg¨nxbZvi
g~jbxwZi Dci cÖwZwôZ, A_©vr †kªYx, RvwZ, †MvÎ, eY©, fvlv BZ¨vw` wbwe©‡k‡l cÖwZwU wkï‡K
mggh©v`v I AwaKvi †`qvi wbðqZv †`q| me©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi †NvlYvi Aby‡”Q` 26L Abyhvqx
18 eQ‡ii bx‡Pi eqmKvj‡K GKwU e¨w³i ˆkkeKvj (childhood) wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i ejv n‡q‡Q
38. 38
G Rb¨ †h, G mgqwU Zvi weewa©Z nevi mvg‡_©¨i Rb¨ Ges eq¯‹ e¨w³i Zzjbvq †ewk SzuwK‡Z
_vKvi Rb¨ we‡klfv‡e ˆewkó¨gwÊZ|
AwaKvi (Rights): GwU wkï‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ gvbevwaKvi AvBb‡K wb‡`©k K‡i, hv cÖ_gZ wkï
AwaKvi mb` ev Kb‡fbkb Ab w` ivBUm Ae w` PvBìmn Ab¨vb¨ Kb‡fbk‡b ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|
Kg©m~wPKiY (Programming): mywbw`©ó j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡b ¸W cÖ¨vKwUm AbymiY K‡i GK¸”Q
Kg©Kv‡Êi cwiKíbv, ev¯—evqb, cwiex¶Y Ges e¨e¯’vcbv eySvq|
15| ejyb †h, Gevi Avgiv wkï‡`i m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡`i mvaviY aviYv Rvb‡Z †Póv Ki‡ev|
16| Òwkï‡`i m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡`i mvaviY aviYvÓ kxl©K mZ¨wgZ¨v Abykxjb cÎwwU wewj Kiyb| 5
wgwbU mg‡qi g‡a¨ Abykxjb KvRwU †kl Ki‡Z ejyb|
wkï‡`i m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡`i mvaviY aviYv
mZ¨ wK wg_¨v wjLyb
- wkïiv Amnvq, eo‡`i Dci m¤ú~Y© wbf©ikxj|
- wkï‡`i Rb¨ †KvbwU fvj †KvbwU g›` eoiv Zv Rv‡bb|
- wkï gv‡bB bvevjK, c~Y©Zv Avm‡Z GL‡bv evwK|
- wkï‡`iI AwaKvi Av‡Q|
- wkïi cwievi hw` jvfevb nq Z‡e wkïivI jvfevb nq|
- wkïiv ïay PvB‡Z Rv‡b| Avi Zv‡`i me PvIqv c~iY Kiv Kv‡iv c‡¶ m¤¢e bq|
- me evev-gvB wkï‡`i R‡b¨ hv wKQz fvj Zv Ki‡Z Pvb|
- ‡KvbwU wkïi Rb¨ `iKvwi, †KvbwU Zv‡`i ¶wZ K‡i †m wel‡q me mgqB wkï‡`i gZvgZ
†bIqv cÖ‡qvRb|
- eo‡`i gZ wkï‡`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki aviYv I `„wófw½I Avjv`v Avjv`v|
- wkï AwfÁZv I `„wófw½ eo‡`i †_‡K wfbœ|
- wkïivI mgv‡Ri mwμq m`m¨
- cwievi ev mgv‡Ri DbœwZ n‡j wkïiv AvcbvAvcwb jvfevb n‡e Zv †Rvi w`‡q ejv hvq bv|
- wkïivI wb‡R‡`I fvjg›` wb‡q fv‡e
- ev”Pv‡`i Ôgv‡ii Dci Jlya bvBÕ RbwcÖq †jLK ûgvqb Avn‡g‡`i K_vwU GK`g mwVK bq|
- wkï‡`i me K_v ïb‡Z n‡e|
- wkï‡`i K_v ïb‡Z n‡e, Z‡e me K_v gvb‡Z n‡e Zv bq|
- me eq‡mi wkï Zv‡`i gZ K‡i gZvgZ cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i|
17| mZ¨ wg_¨v wPwnèZ Kiv †kl n‡j Abykxjb cÎwU Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii gva¨‡g cÖ`k©b Ki“b
Ges †Kvb †¶‡Î †K Kx wj‡L‡Q †R‡b wbb| †h me ‡¶‡Î wfbœ gZ †`Lv w`‡q‡Q †m me wel‡q
msw¶ß weZK© Abyôvb Ki“b| Avjvc Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g mevB‡K GKgZ n‡Z mnvqZv Ki“b|
39. 39
18| Gevi Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Òwkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wP‡Z wkïÓ welqK ¯−vBWwU †`Lvb|
wkï AwaKvi wfwËK Kg©m~wP‡Z wkï
Kg©m~wPi †K›`ª we›`y‡Z wkï|
wkï gv‡b wkïi mvgwMÖK w`K| wkïi mKj AwaKvi c~iY Ges myôy weKv‡ki Rb¨ hv wKQz
cÖ‡qvRb me wKQz wgwj‡q wkï‡K fve‡Z n‡e|
wkï gv‡b mKj wkï| †Kej cÖvwš—K, `ye©j ev Amg_© wkï bq|
wkï‡K fve‡Z n‡e cwiev‡ii mgv‡Ri, RvZxq A_©bxwZ, ivRbxwZi Ask wnmv‡e|
wkï gv‡b e„nËi mgv‡Ri GKRb, GwZgLvbvi wkï, c_ wkï Gfv‡e Avjv`v K‡i †`Lv hv‡e
bv|
wkï‡`i kw³ mvg_©¨ Av‡Q| eqm e„w×i av‡c av‡c GB kw³ mvg_©¨ μge„w× jvf K‡i|
GK GK wkïi ˆkkeKvjxb AwfÁZv G‡KK iKg| mKj wkïi aviYv, mKj wkïi
cÖ‡qvRb/Pvwn`v GKB g‡W‡ji bq|
wkïiv ïay wb‡Z Rv‡b Zv bq| Zviv wKQz w`‡ZI Rv‡b| wbQK †fvMx †kªYx bq Zviv| Zviv
cwiev‡ii mgv‡Ri mwμq AskMÖnYKvix|
wkïivI mgv‡Ri Dbœq‡bi Avi Zv‡`i wb‡R‡`i Dbœq‡b f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡`i bvbv
AwfÁZv Av‡Q, Av‡Q wbR¯^ cQ›`, mgm¨v wPwýZ Kiv Avi mgm¨vi KviY wPwýZ Kivi
¶gZv, mgm¨v mgvav‡bi mwVK mycvwik/civgk© cÖ`v‡bi `¶Zv|
19| ejyb †h, Avgiv wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wP KiY-Gi avc, g~jbxwZ Ges Kg©m~wP KiY cÖwμqvq
wkï‡`i‡K mgv‡Ri mwμq Askiƒ‡c †`Lvi welqwU †R‡bwQ| Gevi Avgiv wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wP
Ki‡Yi cÖavb cÖavb w`K/Dcv`vb m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡ev|
20| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ ÒAwaKviwfwËK Kg©m~wPKi‡Yi Dcv`vbÓ kxl©K n¨vÛ AvDU
weZiY Ki“b |
40. 40
wkï AwaKviwfwËK Kg©m~wPKi‡Yi Dcv`vb
mewKQyi †K‡›`ª wkï‡`i Ae¯’vb, Zv‡`i AwaKvi‡fvMx I mgv‡Ri mwμq Ask ev Actor wnmv‡e
†g‡b †bIqv|
ivóª/miKvimg~nB †h gyL¨ `vwqZ¡evnK Zv wkïmn mgMÖ RbM‡Yi wbKU Ges Avš—R©vwZK A½‡b
¯^xKvi K‡i †bIqv| GKBm‡½ †Kw›`ªq miKvi, †emiKvixLvZ, wkï‡`i cwiPh©v`vbKvix
†ckvRxex‡`iI `vwq‡Z¡i welqwU ¯§i‡Y ivLv|
`vwqZ¡evn‡Kiv hv‡Z Zv‡`i eva¨evaKZv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i †m Rb¨ cªv‡qvwMK †KŠkjmsμvš—
mn‡hvwMZv w`‡q, ev‡RU eivÏ w`‡q Ges bvbvfv‡e Askx`vixZ¡ e„w× K‡i Zv‡`i mvg_©¨ e„w×
Kiv|
gyL¨ cwiPh©v`vbKvix, wec` Avc` †_‡K i¶vKvix I c_wb‡`©kK wnmv‡e wcZv-gvZv I cwievi‡K
¯^xKvi K‡i †bIqv Ges Zv‡`i H f~wgKv cvj‡b mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb Kiv|
wkï I wkï evÜe cwi‡ek‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qv|
wj½ ˆel‡g¨i wel‡q ms‡e`bkxj nIqv Ges SzuwK‡Z Av‡Q I ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi n‡q‡Q †mBme
evjK-evwjKv‡`i welqwU‡K gyL¨ K‡i GKwU ¯^qsm¤ú~Y© mgvavb A‡š^lY Kiv|
¶gZvi KvVv‡gv fvimvg¨c~Y© Kiv (†kªYx, wj½, b„ZvwË¡K RvwZmËv, eqm BZ¨vw`)| ¶gZvnxb
†kªYx‡K ¶gZvqb K‡i Ges Zv‡`i ¯^v_©‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q GUv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
†KŠkjMZ cQ›` wbe©vPb I we‡kl e¨e¯’v MÖnYKv‡j wkï‡`i AwaKv‡ii wel‡q GKwU mvgwMÖK
`„wóf½x‡K aviY Kiv|
AwaKvi c~i‡Yi A½xKvi wb‡q j¶¨ w¯’i Kiv|
†UKmB dj AR©b‡K j¶¨ wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i wkï‡`i Zvr¶wYK mgm¨v¸wj `~i Kivi cvkvcvwk
mgm¨vi g~j KviY¸wj‡KI `~i Kivi †Póvi Dci we‡klfv‡e †Rvi †`qv|
we‡kl K‡i wkï‡`i e¨vcv‡i AskMÖnYg~jK I ¶gZvqbKvix G¨v‡cÖvP e¨envi Kiv|
wkï‡`i AwaKvimg~‡ni cÖPvi I cÖmvi, myi¶v I AwaKvi cwic~i‡Yi Rb¨ Askx`vi I HK¨‡RvU
M‡o †Zvjv|
Avš—R©vwZK mn‡hvwMZvi Dci Av¯’v ivLv|
hviv LyeB SzuwK‡Z Av‡Q Ges ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i welqwU †ewk K‡i Zz‡j aiv|
GKwU mvgwMÖK cwi‡cÖw¶Z MÖnY Kiv hv‡Z wewfbœ LvZ ev †m±i mn‡hvwMZv `vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
41. 41
GKwU `xN©‡gqv`x j¶¨ w¯’i Kiv hv‡Z my¯úófv‡e Avš—R©vwZK AvB‡bi KvVv‡gv _vK‡e Ges
miKvi, `vZv I mykxj mgvR mw¤§wjZfv‡e GB KvVv‡gv cÖYqb Ki‡e|
AvBb I Ab¨vb¨ ms¯‹vi KvR‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv, †hgb cwiex¶‡Yi Rb¨ ¯’vqx c×wZ| Gi d‡j
†UKmB cwieZ©‡bi AwaKZi m¤¢vebv m„wó n‡e|
21| iƒcK we‡klÁ †Pqvi c×wZ‡Z ÒAwaKviwfwËK Kg©m~wPKi‡Yi Dcv`vbÓ -Gi cÖ‡Z¨KwU c‡q›U
e¨vL¨v Ki“b|
22| Ò wkï AwaKviwfwËK Kg©m~wP KiYÓ wel‡q AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Av‡iv †Kv‡bv cÖkœ Av‡Q wK bv
wR‡Ám Ki“b| cÖkœ _vK‡j †m wel‡q AskMÖnYKvix‡`i mn‡hvwMZvq Av‡jvPbv Ki“b|
23| mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ekb †kl Ki“b|
42. 42
Awa‡ekb 6
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY : ˆelg¨nxbZvi g~jbxwZ
D‡Ïk¨ t Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixiv
-mgv‡R wkïi cÖwZ ˆelg¨ Ges Gi aib I KviY e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
-wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i ˆelg¨nxbZvi bxwZ eY©bv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
-ˆelg¨nxbZv bxwZi ¸i“Z¡¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
mgq t 1 N›Uv 30 wgwbU
c×wZ t Abykxjb, aviYv cÖKvk,cª`k©b, †QvU`j,
DcKiY/ mnvqK mvgMÖx:
‡nvqvBU †evW©, †evW© gvK©vi,wd¬c kxU , gvK©vi †cb, Abykxjb cÎ, UªvÝcv‡iÝx: wkï AwaKvi mb‡`
ˆelg¨nxbZvi bxwZ, ˆelg¨nxbZvi bxwZi ¸i“Z¡,
cÖwμqv t
1| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i ¯^vMZ Rvbvb|
2| Awa‡ek‡bi wk‡ivbvg I D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Ki“b|
3| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i ejyb- GB Awa‡ek‡bi kyi“‡Z Avgiv GKwU Ab~kxjb KvR Ki‡ev| KvRwUi
bvg? ÒKZ `ª“Z Avgiv †PbvRvbv gvby‡li bvg wjL‡Z cvwi ?Ó
4| mevB‡K Abykxjb cÎwU wewj Ki“b| e‡j ivLyb †h, GLb †KD GwU co‡eb bv| †Uwe‡j D‡ëv
K‡i †i‡L w`b|
KZ `ª“Z Avgiv †PbvRvbv gvby‡li bvg wjL‡Z cvwi ?
welq bvg
1. AvR‡K hv‡`i mv‡_ K_v e‡j‡Qb Zv‡`i
g‡a¨ †h †Kv‡bv 2 R‡bi bvg
2. w`‡b 10 N›Uvi †ewk cwikªg K‡ib
†PbvRvbv Ggb Kv‡iv bvg
43. 43
3. fvj Mvb Mvq Ggb Kv‡iv bvg
4. fvj Awfbq K‡i Ggb Kv‡iv bvg
5. GKRb wkky Dbœqb Kg©xi bvg
6. Dcb¨vm wj‡Lb Ggb Kv‡iv bvg
7. Lye †ewk wUwf †`‡L, Avcbvi †Pbv Rvbv
Ggb Kv‡iv bvg
8. Avcbvi Lye Kv‡Qi GKRb gvby‡li bvg
9. Avcbvi Awd‡m PvKix K‡i Ggb `yBR‡bi
bvg
10. GB †Kv‡©m AskMÖnYKvix †h †Kv‡bv
GKR‡bi bvg
11. cÖwZw`b †`Lv nq Ggb Kv‡iv bvg
12.Avcbvi MÖv‡gi/ gnj−vi GKRb fv‡jv
gvby‡li bvg
5| ejyb †h 2 wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ GKvRwU †kl Ki‡Z n‡e| Avgiv †`L‡Z PvB KvRwU †K `ª“Z †kl
Ki‡Z cv‡ib| weRqx 1g, 2q I 3q ¯’vb AR©bKvix‡`i bvg †NvlYv Kiv n‡e|
6| GK `yB wZb e‡j KvRwU ïiy Kivb|
7| 1g, 2q I 3q †K Av‡M †kl K‡i‡Q wPwnèZ Ki“b|
8| ejyb †h, mevB wbðqB hvi m¤ú‡K© wKQz bv wKQ~ Rv‡bb Zvi bvg wj‡L‡Qb| mevB‡K wnmve K‡i
wbgœwjwLZ bv‡gi msL¨v wnmve Ki‡Z ejyb|
KqwU bvg cyi“‡li Avi KqwU bvg bvixi wj‡L‡Qb?
KqwU wkïi bvg wj‡L‡Qb| (e‡j w`b ÒAvcbviv Rv‡bb Gi g‡a¨ KqRb wkïi bvg
wj‡L‡Qb|)
44. 44
KqRb Mixe gvby‡li bvg wj‡L‡Qb?
‡Kv‡bv cÖwZebax gvby‡li bvg wj‡L‡Qb wK?
9| cÖkœ ivLyb- bvg †jLvi GKvRwU Ki‡Z wM‡q †Kb cyi“‡li bvg †ewk wjL‡jb, †Kb wkïi bvg
Kg wjL‡jb, ‡Kb Mixe gvby‡li bvg g‡b G‡jv bv, cÖwZeÜx Kv‡iv bvg †Kb g‡b Av‡mwb?
10| cÖkœ ivLyb, GwU Avgv‡`i wb‡R‡`i ˆelg¨g~jK `„wófw½ I AvPi‡Yi w`K wb‡`©k K‡i wKbv?
K‡qKR‡bi gZvgZ wbb|
weKí : mš—v‡bi WvK bvg †`Iqvi †Ljv
1. Avcbvi eÜ~ GKRb ivR‰bwZK †bZv, Zvi GKwU mš—vb n‡q‡Q- mš—v‡bi
GKwU my›`i bvg w`b
2. Avcbvi evmvi Kv‡Ri †g‡qi GKwU mš—vb n‡q‡Q Zvi GKwU bvg
3. Avcbvi evwo‡Z wbqwgZ `ya †`q, †mB `xby †Mvqvjvi GKwU mš—vb n‡q‡Q,
Zvi GKwU bvg w`b
4. GKRb bvg Kiv †jL‡Ki GKwU mš—vb n‡q‡Q | †mB mš—v‡bi GKwU bvg
w`b
5. miKvix eo PvKwi K‡i Ggb GKR‡bi GKwU mš—vb n‡q‡Q | †mB mš—v‡bi
GKwU bvg w`b
6. Avcbvi mnKg©x dzUdz‡U GKwU mš—v‡bi gv n‡q‡Qb, †mB mš—v‡bi GKwU
bvg w`b
7. Avcbvi †g‡q cÖ_g mš—vb Rb¥ w`‡q‡Qb, †mB mš—v‡bi GKwU bvg w`b
8. MÖv‡g †eov‡Z wM‡q Rvb‡Z †c‡jb Avcbvi †QvU †ejvi eÜ~ †h GKRb Mixe
K…lK Zvi GKwU mš—vb n‡q‡Q | †mB mš—v‡bi GKwU bvg w`b|
9. cÖPÛ S‡oi iv‡Z Rb¥ wb‡q‡Q GK wkk~, Zvi GwU bvg w`b|
10. GjvKvi weL¨vZ GK gyw³‡hv×vi GKwU mš—vb n‡q‡Q|†mB mš—v‡bi GKwU
bvg w`b
mswk−ó cÖkœ:
- ‡K KqwU †Q‡ji bvg wj‡L‡Qb, KqwU †g‡qi bvg wj‡L‡Qb? msL¨vMZ cv_©‡K¨i KviY Kx?
- cÖ‡Z¨KwU bvg wK mgvb gh©v`vc~Y©?
G me wel‡q AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K Zv‡`i gZvgZ †R‡b wbb|
11| ejyb †h, †QvU‡ejv †_‡K †h wkï ˆel‡g¨i g‡a¨ eo nq, eo n‡q †m GKB iK‡gi ˆelg¨g~jK
AvPiY K‡i _v‡K| wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKi‡Y ˆelg¨nxbZvi g~jbxwZi ¸i“Z¡ ZvB A‡bK †ewk|
ejyb †h, c„w_exi A‡bK A-kvwš—i g~‡j GB ˆelg¨| gvbyl‡K Ae‡njv, gvby‡li cÖwZ AwePvi Avi
†kvl‡Yi g~‡j Av‡Q ˆelg¨|
45. 45
12| ejyb †h, gvby‡l gvby‡l bvbv Kvi‡Y cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq| †KD abx, †KD Mixe. †KD wkw¶Z †KD
Awkw¶Z, Kv‡iv eyw× †ewk Kv‡iv ev eyw× Kg| GiKg Av‡iv A‡bK cv_©K¨ Av‡Q gvby‡li gvby‡l|
Avgiv GLb gvby‡l gvby‡l bvbv iKg cv_©‡K¨i GKwU ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki‡ev|
13| gvby‡l gvby‡l cv_©K¨¸wj Kx Kx? aviYvcÖKvk c×wZ‡Z cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki KvQ †_‡K GKwU K‡i cv_©K¨
c‡q›U msMÖn Ki“b| cÖ‡qvR‡b 2q ivDÛ aviYv cÖKvk c×wZ‡Z Av‡iv c‡q›U msMÖn Ki“b| me
c‡q›U wd¬ckx‡U wjLyb|
14| ejyb †h, wKQz gvbyl Av‡Q hviv GB cv_©K¨‡K KviY wnmv‡e a‡i Ab¨‡`i ‡nq Ávb K‡i,
¯^vaxbZvq n¯—‡¶c K‡i, VKvq, †kvlY K‡i|
ejyb †h, me gvbyl‡K mgvb fv‡e bv †`Lv, me gvby‡li cÖwZ mgvb `„wófw½ †cvlY I mgvb AvPiY bv
Kiv‡K Avgiv ˆelg¨KiY e‡j _vwK|
15| Ifvi‡nW UªvÝcv‡iÝx e¨envi K‡i Ki“b wkï AwaKvi mb‡` ewY©Z ‰elg¨nxbZvi bxwZ
cÖ`k©b Ki“b I e¨vL¨v Ki“b|
wkï AwaKvi mb‡` ˆelg¨nxbZvi bxwZ
wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i Aby‡”Q` 2-G wel‡q mivmwi D‡j−L Kiv
n‡q‡Q †h, wkïiv RvwZ, eY©, †RÛvi, fvlv, ag©, ivR‰bwZK gZvgZ
BZ¨vw` wbwe©‡k‡l mgvb AwaKvi cv‡e|
Aby‡”Q`-2
1. AskMÖnYKvix ivóªmg~n Zv‡`i wbR wbR AvIZvq cÖwZwU wkïi Rb¨ GB
mb‡` Dwj−wLZ AwaKvimg~‡ni cÖwZ kª×vkxj _vK‡e Ges G¸‡jvi
wbðqZv weavb Ki‡e| G e¨vcv‡i wkï A_ev Zvi wcZvgvZv wKsev
AvBbm¤§Z Awffve‡Ki †¶‡Î †MvÎ, eY©, wj½, fvlv, ag©, ivR‰bwZK
wfbœgZ, RvZxqZv A_ev mvgvwRK cwiPq, weË, mvg_©¨ Rb¥m~‡Î wKsev
Ab¨ †Kvb eskMZ Ae¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y ˆelg¨ Kiv hv‡e bv|
46. 46
2. wkïi wcZvgvZv, AvBbm¤§Z AwffveK wKsev cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i
Ae¯’vb, Kvh©Kjvc, cÖKvk¨ gZvgZ ev wek¦vm hw` †Kvb wkïi Rb¨
ˆelg¨ wKsev kvw¯—i KviY nq Z‡e AskMÖnYKvix i‡óªmg~n wkïi
AwaKvi i¶vi Rb¨ me ai‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨e¯’v MÖnY Ki‡e|
myZivs wkï AwaKv‡ii cÖ_g K_vB nj ˆelg¨nxbZv|
16| ejyb †h, wkï AwaKvi mb‡` mKj wkïi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| GKwU wkï ev` hvIqvi A_© n‡”Q H
ev` hvIqv wkïwU ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi n‡q‡Q| ZvB wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wP Ki‡Y mKj wkïi Aš—©f~w³
KiY ev GKxf~Z Ki‡Yi cÖwZ †Rvi Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q|
17| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i 4wU `‡j fvM Ki“b| cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K wb‡R‡`i Kg©m~wPi AwfÁZv wewbg‡qi
gva¨‡g bx‡Pi cÖkœ¸wji DËi ˆZwi Ki‡Z ejyb|
K) Avcbv‡`i wkï Dbœqb Kg©m~wP †Kvb ai‡bi wkï‡`i Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ KvR Ki‡Q? (aib,
eqm,wj½, GjvKv, ¯‹z‡j co–qv -------)
L) Avcbv‡`i wkï Dbœqb Kg©m~wP‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi wkï Aš—©fy³ nq wb? ev` c‡o‡Q?
ev` covi KviY Kx?
M) ev` cov wkï‡`i Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq Avbvi Rb¨ Kx c`‡¶c †bIqv n‡q‡Q?
N) Kg©m~wP GjvKvq mvgvwRK fv‡e ev` cov wkï Kviv? Zv‡`i‡K Kg©m~wPi AvIZvq GKxf~~Z
Kiv hv‡e Kxfv‡e?
`jxq Kv‡Ri Rb¨ 15 wgwbU mgq w`b|
18| Gici cÖ‡Z¨K `j Zv‡`i Av‡jvPbvi djvdj Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e| GK`‡ji Dc¯’vc‡bi ci
Ab¨`‡ji gZvgZ ‡R‡b wbb|
19| ejyb †h, ÒKviY hvB _vKzK bv †Kb ˆelg¨ Kiv hv‡e bvÓ- GwUB ˆelg¨nxbZvi g~j K_v |
20| Gevi, Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnvh¨ wb‡q ˆelg¨nxbZvi bxwZi ¸i“Z¡ Av‡jvPbv Ki“b:
47. 47
ˆelg¨nxbZvi bxwZi ¸i“Z¡
ˆel‡g¨i KviY †KvbwUB Kg ¸i“Z¡c~Y© bq|
wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i ˆelg¨nxbZvi bxwZgvjvq me ai‡bi ˆelg¨ `~i Ki‡Z †Rvi w`‡q ejv
n‡q‡Q|
wkï AwaKvi mb` me wkïi (100 % ) Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨|
me wkï me ai‡bi AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡e| †Kv‡bv GKwU AwaKvi ev` w`‡q evwK kZKiv
99fvM AwaKvi †fvM Ki‡jI wkï AwaKvi c~Y© AwR©Z n‡q‡Q e‡j MY¨ Kiv hv‡e bv|
cÖwZwU Aby‡”Q`B me wkïi Rb¨ mgvb ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| †h me wkï †eu‡P Av‡Q A_P Rxeb
weKv‡ki Rb¨ msMÖvggyLi, Zv‡`i R‡b¨I GB mb` cÖ‡hvR¨|
†h me wkïiv eo n‡”Q, ¯‹z‡j hv‡”Q ev hv‡e, Zv‡`i R‡b¨I GB mb`| †h me wkï wewfbœ
†`‡k ivóªxq Ø›Ø-msNvZ, kΓZv ev ˆel‡g¨i wkKvi ZvivI GB AwaKvimg~n †fvM Ki‡e|
wkïi we‡kl cÖ‡qvRb‡K ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e|
wkï‡`i g‡a¨ kvixwiK gvbwmK ev mvgvwRK we‡klZ¡ _vKzK Avi bv-B _vKzK, wkïi
AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ †Kvb cv_©K¨ _vK‡e bv|
ag©-wek¦vm, msL¨vjNyZ¡, Avw`evmx ev DcRvZxq - me wkïiB GKB iKg AwaKvi i‡q‡Q|
†g‡qiv †Q‡j‡`i mgvb|
GKwU †cvwjI Avμvš— ev AÜ wkïi AwaKvi mgvb |
wkïiv ˆelg¨g~jK cwi‡e‡ki gva¨‡g †e‡o D‡V e‡jB Zviv A‡bK mgq Ab¨ wkï‡`i mv‡_
ˆelg¨g~jK AvPiY K‡i|
21| ejyb †h, Avgiv GB Awa‡ekb GKUz c‡iB †kl Ki‡ev| Awa‡ek‡bi ïi“‡Z Avgiv †`‡LwQ
‡h, m‡PZb ev A-m‡PZbfv‡e Avgiv ˆelg¨ K‡i _vwK| |GB Awa‡ekb †_‡K Avgiv GKwU †Ljvi
gva¨‡g ‰elg¨nxbZvi bxwZi cÖwZ `„p Av¯’v cvj‡bi cÖwZkÖ“wZ †`‡ev|
22| mevB‡K Wvb nvZ gywôe× Ki‡Z ejyb Ges nvZwU gywôe× Ae¯’vq †Uwe‡j †P‡c ivL‡Z ejyb|
ejyb †h, nvZ †KD IVv‡Z †Póv Ki‡eb bv Avi Avcwb wKQz wb‡`©k w`‡eb, †m Abymv‡i mevB †hb
wb‡`©wkZ KvRwU K‡ib|
wb‡`©kvejx
GK) Ò‰elg¨ gvby‡li g‡a¨ A-kvwš— m„wó K‡iÓ- G K_vwU hw` mZ¨ g‡b K‡ib Z‡e gywôe× nv‡Zi
‡Kej gvÎ ga¨g Avs¸jwU Ic‡i IVvb|Ó
mevB Avs¸j IVv‡eb| †k‡l Avcwb mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvbv‡eb|
`yB) Ògvbyl‡K Ae‡njv, gvby‡li cÖwZ AwePvi Avi †kvl‡bi g~‡j Av‡Q ˆelg¨Ó- GK_vwU hw` mZ¨
g‡b K‡ib Z‡e gywôe× nv‡Zi †Kej gvÎ ey‡ov Avs¸jwU Ic‡i IVvb|
48. 48
mevB AvsMyj IVv‡eb| †k‡l Avcwb mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvbv‡eb|
wZb) Òˆelg¨ Kivi KvRwU wkïiv wk‡L eo‡`i KvQ †_‡KÓ GK_vwU hw` mZ¨ g‡b K‡ib Z‡e
gywôe× nv‡Zi †Kej gvÎ K‡o Avs¸jwU Ic‡i IVvb |
mevB Avs¸j IVv‡eb| †k‡l Avcwb mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvbv‡eb|
Pvi) Ò‰elg¨ †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi AwaKvi Av‡Q mKj wkïi, mKj gvby‡liÓ-GK_vwUi mv‡_ hw`
GKgZ nb Z‡e gywôe× nv‡Zi †Kej gvÎ ZR©bx Ic‡i IVvb|
mevB AvsMyj IVv‡eb| †k‡l Avcwb mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvbv‡eb|
cuvP) Òwkïi cÖwZ ˆelg¨g~jK AvPiY eÜ Ki‡Z Avgiv cÖvYcY †Póv Ki‡evÓ -GK_vwUi mv‡_ hw`
GKgZ nb Z‡e A½yixq ev wis wdsMvi A_©vr K‡o Avs¸‡ji cv‡ki Avs¸jwU Ic‡i IVvb|
mevB‡K c~b:c~b:, cÖvYcY †Póv Ki‡Z ejyb |
23| ejyb †h, GwU hZ k³ KvRB †nvK bv †Kb Avgv‡`i μgvMZ †Póvq wkï‡`i cÖwZ ˆelg¨g~jK
AvPiY Avgiv i“L‡evB|
24| Av‡jvPbvi mvi ms‡¶c †U‡b, mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ek‡bi mgvwß †NvlYv Ki“b|
49. 49
Awa‡ekb 7
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY : wkïi ‡eu‡P _vKv I weKvk-Gi g~jbxwZ
D‡Ïk¨ t GB Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY:
- wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk Gi g~jbxwZ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
- wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk-Gi mv‡_ mswk−ó AwaKvimg~n wPwnèZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
- wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk-Gi mv‡_ mswk−ó AwaKvimg~n c~i‡Yi Rb¨ mswk−ó
ØvwqZ¡evnK‡`i ØvwqZ¡ wPwnèZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
mgq t 1N›Uv 30 wgwbU
c×wZ t Qwe AvuvKv, †QvU`j,aviYv cÖKvk
cÖwk¶Y DcKiY/ mnvqK mvgMÖxt
- †nvqvBU †evW© I †evW© gvK©vi,d¬xckxU I gvK©vi, UªvÝcv‡iwÝ kxU: - wkï AwaKvi
bxwZgvjv-i wÎfyR; wkï AwaKvi mb`-Gi Abyy‡”Q` 6,wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk-Gi
Rb¨ Abymibxq w`Kmg~n
cÖwμqv t
1. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbvb Ges Awa‡ek‡bi Av‡jvP¨ wel‡qi ms‡M cwiPq Kwi‡q w`b|
2. ejyb †h, Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨‡K KL‡bv bv KL‡bv PvivMvQ jvwM‡qwQ | Zv nq‡Zv d‡ji Pviv, dz‡ji
Pviv, mâxi Ab¨,†Kv‡bv Mv‡Qi Pviv| Avgiv GLb GKwU PvivMvQ AuvKvi KvR Ki‡ev|
3. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i ‡Rvov `‡j fvM Ki“b| cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K wbgœwjwLZ KvR¸wj Ki‡Z ejyb:
‡Rvov`‡ji m`m¨iv GKwU K‡i PvivMvQ AuvK‡eb|
PvivMvQwU eo n‡j Zv †_‡K Zv‡`i Kx cÖZ¨vkv Zv wjL‡eb|
PvivMvQwU eo K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i‡K Kx Kx Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wjL‡eb|
GKvRwU Kivi Rb¨ 10 wgwbU mgq w`b|
4. `jxq KvR †kl n‡j cÖ‡Z¨K `j Zv‡`i KvR Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e|
50. 50
5. Dc¯’vcb †kl n‡j cÖkœ ivLyb: GKwU Pviv Mv‡Qi mv‡_ GKwU wkïi †Kvb wgj Av‡Q wKbv|
cÖ‡Z¨K AskMÖnYKvixi KvQ †_‡K GiKg wg‡ji GKwU K‡i c‡q›U msMÖn Ki“b|
6. ejyb †h, Gevi Avgiv wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev|
7. Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi g~jbxwZ m¤^^wjZ wÎfyRwU cÖ`k©b
Ki“b|
‰elg¨nxbZv
(Aby‡”Q`-2)
wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© AskMÖnY
(Aby‡”Q`-3) (Aby‡”Q`-12)
+ Revew`wnZv
(Aby‡”Q`-4)
8.wÎfy‡Ri gvSLv‡b Òwkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvkÓ K_vwU wÎfyRwU‡Z we‡kl †Kv‡bv ¸i“Z¡ enb
Ki‡Q wKbv - `y&B GK R‡bi KvQ †_‡K †R‡b wbb| Zvici ejyb †h, wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvkB g~j
welq Avi Gi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i hZ Av‡qvRb| †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i
Ab¨Zg g~jbxwZ| Ab¨ g~jbxwZ¸wj wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk wbwðZ I gvbm¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨
cÖ‡hvR¨|
9.Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii gva¨‡g RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i Aby‡”Q` 6 Dc¯’vcb Ki“b|
†eu‡P _vKv
I weKvk
(Aby‡”Q`-6)
51. 51
RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i Aby‡”Q` 6
2. kixK ivóªmg~n ¯^xKvi K‡i †h, cÖwZwU wkïi †eu‡P _vKvi mnRvZ
AwaKvi i‡q‡Q|
3. kixK ivóªmg~n wkï‡`i †eu‡P_vKv Ges weKv‡ki †¶‡Î m¤¢ve¨ me©vwaK
wbðqZv weavb Ki‡e|
10.mevB‡K wkï AwaKvi¸”Q Av‡jvPbvi K_v g‡b Kwi‡q w`b| ejyb †h, wkï AwaKvi ¸”Q
Av‡jvPbvi mgq Avgiv wkïi ‡eu‡P _vKv Avi wkïi weKvk ej‡Z Kx eySvq Zv †R‡bwQ|
mswk−ó AwaKvi¸wj Av‡iKevi g‡b Ki‡Z †Póv Ki‡ev Avgiv|
11. Gevi, Òfvjfv‡e ‡eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ wkïi AwaKvi¸wj Kx Kx? Ó- cÖ‡Z¨K AskMÖnYKvixi
KvQ †_‡K G wel‡q GKwU K‡i c‡q›U msMÖn Ki“b Ges Zv wd¬c †ev‡W© wjLyb|
(m¤¢ve¨ wKQz c‡q›U :Lv`¨, Avkªq, wPwKrmv, e¯¿, wbivc` cvwb I cwi‡ek)
12. GKBfv‡e Òwkïi myôz weKvk-Gi Rb¨ wkïi AwaKvi¸wj Kx Kx ?Ó- Zv †R‡b wbb Ges
Av‡iKwU wd¬ckx‡U wjLyb|
(m¤¢ve¨ wKQz c‡q›U : wk¶v, †Ljva~jv, we‡bv`b, †mœn-fvjevmv, mvs¯‹…wZK PP©v, wkï`j MVb ,
ag©cvjb)
wd¬ckxU 2wU †`qv‡j Uvbv‡bvi e¨e¯’v wbb|
13. Gevi Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ Òwkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRbxq KvRmg~nÓ Dc¯’vcb Ki“b|
wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKvk wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq KvRmg~n
- bxwZgvjv/cwjwm ˆZwi, ms‡kvab I cÖ‡qvRbxq †¶‡Î evwZj Kiv
- bxwZgvjvi myôz ev¯—evqb
- KvVv‡gv/DcwiKvVv‡gv ˆZwi/gReyZKiY
- cÖ‡qvRbxq ev‡RU eivÏ
- gvbm¤úbœ †mev cÖ`vb
52. 52
- gwbUwis e¨e¯’v †Rvi`viKiY
- ¶wZMÖ¯—/Amnvq/wcwQ‡q cov wkï‡`i ¯^v_©‡K AMÖvwaKvi cÖ`vb
14. Gevi AskMÖnYKvix‡`i 4wU `‡j fvM Ki“b| cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K `jxq Av‡jvPbvi wfwˇZ wbgœ
wjwLZ QKc~i‡Yi KvRwU Ki‡Z Aby‡iva Rvbvb| cÖ‡Z¨K`j 2wU QKB c~iY Ki‡e| GKUz Av‡M
wPwnèZ Kiv Òfvjfv‡e ‡eu‡P _vKvi Rb¨ wkïi AwaKviÓ I Ò myôz weKvk-Gi Rb¨ wkïi
AwaKvimg~nÓ c~iY Kiv I j½b †iva Kivi †¶‡Î †Kvb ai‡bi ØvwqZ¡evnKMÖ“c Kx KvR Ki‡eb
Zv wPwnèZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
15. Av‡iv ejyb †h, wkïi †eu‡P _vKv I weKv‡ki AwaKvi¸wj c~i‡Yi Rb¨ mivmwi mn‡hvwMZv ,
AvBb, bxwZgvjv BZ¨vw` mn Ab¨vb¨ cwiKvVv‡gv ˆZwi BZ¨vw` gv_vq †i‡L QK c~i‡Yi KvRwU
Ki‡Z n‡e| `jxq Kv‡Ri Rb¨ 15 wgwbU mgq w`b|
wkïi †eu‡P _vKv
wkïi †eu‡P _vKv
msμvš—
AwaKvi
cwievi mgvR we`¨vjq ivóª
Lv`¨ cywó ?
wkïi weKvk
cwievi mgvR we`¨vjq ivvóª
wk¶v
gvbm¤§Z wk¶vi
AwaKvi
53. 53
16. `jxq KvR †kl n‡j cÖ‡Z¨K`j Zv‡`i c~iYK…Z QK Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e| GK`‡ji Dc¯’vcb †kl
nIqvi ci Ab¨`‡ji m`m¨iv Zv‡`i gZvgZ Rvbv‡e|
17. mKj‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ek‡bi mgvwß †NvlYv Ki“b|
54. 54
Awa‡ekb 8
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY : wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_i¶vi g~jbxwZ
D‡Ïk¨ t GB Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY:
- wkïi wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_©i¶vi g~jbxwZi ¸i“Z¡ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
- wkïi wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_©i¶vq ØvwqZ¡evnK‡`i ØvwqZ¡ wPwnèZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
mgq t 1 N›Uv 30 wgwbU
c×wZ t NUbv we‡k−lY
DcKiY t 4wU Mí/NUbv cÎ
cÖwμqv t
1| AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K 4wU `‡j fvM Ki“b|
2| cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K 1wU K‡i NUbv-cÎ mieivn Ki“b| ejyb †h, cÖ‡Z¨K `j Mí/NUbvwU we‡k−lY
Ki‡e Ges wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© we‡ePbvq mswk−ó cÖkœwUi mwVK Reve HK¨g‡Z¨i wfwˇZ ˆZwi
Ki‡e | `jxq Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ mgq _vK‡e 7 wgwbU|
NUbvcÎ-1
gwbKvi eqm 17 eQi| †m fvj‡e‡m we‡q K‡i‡Q 24 eQi eqmx kv‡n`‡K|
gwbKvi evev I kv‡n‡`i evev `yR‡bB kn‡ii bvgKiv abx e¨emvqx,
cÖfvekvjx e¨w³| gwbKv I kv‡n` †Mvc‡b we‡q K‡i‡Q| we‡qi ci kv‡n`‡`i
evwo‡Z D‡V‡Q gwbKv| kv‡n‡`i evev Zv‡`i G we‡q †g‡b wb‡q‡Qb wKš‘
gwbKvi evev G we‡q †g‡b †bb wb| wZwb Av`vj‡Zi Avkªq wb‡q‡Qb| †g‡q‡K
wb‡Ri Kv‡Q †diZ †c‡Z Pvb wZwb| Zvi g‡Z G we‡q A‰ea| wZwb †g‡qi
m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© we‡ePbv K‡i †g‡q‡K †diZ cvIqvi Av‡e`b Rvwb‡q‡Qb|
55. 55
‡Q‡ji ev‡ci e³e¨ n‡jv: †g‡qi eqm 18 eQ‡ii Kg, Zviv we‡q K‡i Ab¨vq
K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ ¯^vgx-¯¿x wnmv‡e ivwÎ hvc‡bi ci we‡q GLb ˆea| wZwb ej‡Qb,
†g‡q‡K ev‡ci evwo cvVv‡j Zvi evev Zvi Ici AZ¨vPvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib, we‡q
†f‡½ †`Iqvi Rb¨ †g‡qi Ici Pvc w`‡Z cv‡ib| Zv‡Z `ywU Rxeb ¶wZMÖ¯—
n‡e|
gwbKv ej‡Q, †m fvj‡e‡m we‡q K‡i‡Q Ges GLb †m ¯^vgxi evox‡Z _vK‡Z
Pvq|
Avcwb wePviK n‡j Kx ivq w`‡Zb?
NUbvcÎ-2
iwngv LyeB Mixe N‡ii †g‡q| eqm 15 eQi| evwo‡Z †mw`b GKv †c‡q
cvovi Ae¯’vcbœ cwiev‡ii hyeK KwjgywÏb Zv‡K al©Y K‡i| iwngvi evev G
e¨vcv‡i _vbvq gvgjv K‡i| cvovi gyi“weŸiv ZLb iwngvi mv‡_ KwjgywÏb-
Gi we‡q w`‡q †`q Avi KwjgywÏb‡K eva¨ K‡i iwngvi bv‡g 3 weNv Rwg wj‡L
w`‡Z|
GjvKvi gvbevwaKvi Kg©xiv al©Y-gvgjvi c‡¶ Ae¯’vb †bq Ges iwngvi
evev‡K gvgjv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z e‡j| Zv‡`i g‡Z, we‡q KL‡bv al©Y gvgjvi
wePvi n‡Z cv‡i bv| mKj wK‡kvixi wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z AvBbvb~M wePvi
`vwe K‡i Zviv|
G †¶‡Î Avcbvi we‡ePbvq KiYxq Kx?
NUbvcÎ-3
Avcbvi evmvq 13 eQi eqmx GK wK‡kvix KvR K‡i| ‡g‡qwU Avcbvi
k¦ïic‡¶i `~i m¤ú‡K©i AvZ¥xq| evwo hvIqvi Rb¨ †g‡qwU mviv¶Y KvbœvKvwU
K‡i| MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z Zvi ¯^vgx cwiZ¨³ gv †g‡qwUi fiY †cvlY Ki‡Z cv‡i
bv| Zvi gv Pvq †g‡qwU Avcbvi evmv‡ZB _vKzK| wKš‘ Avcbvi ¯¿x Ges †Q‡j
†g‡qiv †g‡qwUi KvbœvKvwU †`‡L Avi Zv‡K ivL‡Z Pvq bv| Gw`‡K †g‡qwU
GKw`b ûgwK †`q †h, †m GKw`b cvwj‡q hv‡e|
56. 56
Avcbvi Kv‡Q g‡b n‡”Q †h, †g‡qwU mwZ¨ mwZ¨ GKw`b cvwj‡q hv‡e|
G †¶‡Î Avcbvi cwiev‡ii KiYxq Kx?
NUbvcÎ-4
GKwU cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq GjvKvq 7 †_‡K 8 eQi eqmx 4 Rb cÖwZeÜx wkï
Av‡Q| GKRb AÜ, 2 Rb evK I 1 Rb gvbwmK cÖwZeÜx| evKcÖwZeÜx `yB
Rb †g‡q, evwK `yBRb †Q‡j| Giv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB Mixe cwiev‡ii mš—vb|
¯‹z‡j fwZ© Kiv hvq wb Zv‡`i| ¯‹zj KZ„©c¶ Zv‡`i fwZ© K‡iwb|
Avcbwb hLb we`¨vjq e¨e¯’vcbv KwgwUi mfvcwZ n‡jb _Lb Giv Zv‡`i
AwffveK‡`i wb‡q Avcbvi Kv‡Q G‡jv ¯‹z‡j fwZ© Kiv‡bvi Av‡e`b wb‡q? Kx
Ki‡eb Avcwb?
3| `jxq Av‡jvPbv ïi“ Ki‡Z ejyb|
4| `jxq Av‡jvPbv †kl n‡j cÖ‡Z¨K `‡ji c¶ †_‡K 1 Rb‡K Zv‡`i Av‡jvPbvi djvdj Dc¯’vcb
Ki‡Z ejyb| cÖ_‡g,cÖwZwU `j me©m¤§wZμ‡g wm×v‡š— †cŠQ‡Z †Kv‡bv Amyweavi c‡owQj wKbv Zv
Rvbv‡Z ejyb|
GKwU `‡ji Dc¯’vcb †kl n‡j, H wel‡q Ab¨‡`i gZvgZ ‡R‡b wbb| gZvg‡Zi ˆecixZ¡ †`Lv
†M‡j †m †¶‡Î msw¶ß weZK© Abyôvb-G mnvqZv Ki“b
5| meKwU `‡ji Dc¯’vcb †kl n‡j ejyb †h, RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i GKwU g~jbxwZ n‡”Q
Ôwkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© i¶v| GwU wkï AwaKvi †cÖvMÖvwgs -GiI g~jbxwZ|
6| Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ wb‡q RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i 3bs Aby‡”Q` cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
†¯^”Qvg~jK mn‡hvwMZvi wfwˇZ AskMÖnYKvix‡`i 3 Rb‡K Aby‡”Q` Gi 3wU aviv co‡Z ejyb I
e¨vL¨v K‡i eywS‡q w`‡Z ejyb| (Ab¨ivI GB e¨vL¨v Kv‡R Ask wb‡Z cv‡ib) Ab¨‡`i gZvgZ wbb|
Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv cÖkœ _vK‡j Zvi DËi w`b|
57. 57
RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb`
Aby‡”Q`-3
1. miKvwi Ges †emiKvwi mgvRKj¨vY cÖwZôvb, Av`vjZ, cÖkvmb ev AvBb
cÖYqbKvix e¨w³eM© †h-B †nvK bv †Kb wkï wel‡q †h-†Kvb ai‡bi Kvh©μ‡g
wkïi ¯^v_©B n‡e cÖ_g I cÖavb we‡ePbvi welq|
2. wkïi evev-gv, AvBbMZ AwffveK ev Ab¨ e¨w³ hviv AvBbMZfv‡e wkïi
`vwq‡Z¡ wb‡qvwRZ Av‡Qb Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K wkïi Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ meai‡bi `vwqZ¡
cvjb K‡i‡Qb wKbv †m wel‡q wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ AskMÖnYKvix ivóªmg~n
AvBbMZ I cÖkvmwbK c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡e|
3. AskMÖnYKvix ivóª wkïi Rb¨ †mev I my‡hvM cÖ`vbKvix cÖwZôvbmg~‡ni Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨
gvb`Û `¶Zvi mv‡_ ZË¡veav‡bi welqwUi wbðqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡e, we‡kl K‡i wkïi
Rb¨ wbivcËv, ¯^v¯’¨, cÖwZôv‡bi Kg©Pvix‡`i msL¨v I Zv‡`i Dchy³ ZË¡veav‡bi
welqwU|
7| Gevi, AskMÖnYKvix‡`i cÖwZ cÖkœ ivLyb - wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© i¶vi bxwZ †Kb A‡bK mgq
weZ‡K©i m„wó K‡i|
AskMÖnYKvix‡`i gZvgZ wbb Ges Zv‡`i gZvg‡Zi g~j c‡q›U¸‡jv wd¬c Pv‡U© wjLyb| Zvici
Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii gva¨‡g Ôwkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© i¶Ai bxwZi †¶‡Î weZ‡K©i KviY kxl©K
UªvÝcv‡iÝx kxU cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© i¶vi bxwZi †¶‡Î weZ‡K©i KviY
A‡bK †¶‡ÎB åvš— aviYvi Rb¨ wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© i¶vi bxwZ weZ‡K©i m„wó K‡i|
g~jZ: wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_©
- †K we‡ePbv Ki‡eb,
- KLb we‡ePbv Ki‡eb,
- †Kvb gvb`‡Û we‡ePbv Ki‡eb -
G¸‡jv mwVKfv‡e cvwjZ bv n‡j we‡kl weZ‡K©i m„wó nq|
58. 58
8| Gevi, cy‡e©v³ 5wU `j‡K bx‡Pi 5wU ch©v‡q Ôwkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© i¶vi bxwZgvjv ev¯—evq‡b
KiYxq welq¸wj wPwýZ Ki‡Z ejyb| cÖ‡Z¨K †¶‡Î D`vniY †hvM Ki‡Z Aby‡iva Ki“b 10 wgwbU|
cwiev‡i
we`¨vj‡q
mgv‡R
GbwRI-i Kg©m~wP‡Z
ivóªxq ch©v‡q
9| Av‡jvPbv †k‡l cÖ‡Z¨K `j Zv‡`i Av‡jvPbvi djvdj Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e|
10| 4wU `‡ji Av‡ivPbvi m~Î a‡i ejyb †h, wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_©i¶v mswk−ó wel‡q wm×vš—
†bIqvi mgq meKwU weK‡íi fv‡jvg›` wePvi Ki‡Z nq| Avi GB weKí¸wji g‡a¨ ÔGKwU gvÎÕ
mwVK G welqwU gv_vq †i‡L †Kej ÔmwVKwUBÕ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
11| Gevi Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii gva¨‡g wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© i¶vi Rb¨ KiYxq w`K¸wj cÖ`k©b
Ki“b|
wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_© i¶vq KiYxq
- wkïi/wkï‡`i gZvgZ Rvbyb (wkïi mKj gZvgZ MÖnY‡hvM¨ bvI n‡Z cv‡i)
- wkïi Pvicv‡k hviv _v‡Kb Zv‡`i †_‡K Rvbyb|
- AwfÁ (mswk−ó †¶‡Î we‡klÁ) e¨w³i civgk© w`b
- AvBb e‡j †`Lyb/AvB‡bi mn‡hvwMZv wbb|
- wkï I eo‡`i GKÎ Av‡jvPbvi Av‡qvRb Ki“b
- ¯^í I `xN© †gqv`x djvdj we‡ePbv Ki“b
- wkïi Ab¨vb¨ AwaKvi wewNœœZ n‡”Q bv wbwðZ Ki“b
- wkïi †eu‡P _vKvi welqwU wkïi ¯^v_©i¶v wel‡qi †K›`ªg~‡j ivLyb |
AskMÖnYKvix‡`i AvnŸvb Rvbvb bZzb c‡q›U hy³ Kivi Rb¨|
mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ekb †kl Ki“b|
59. 59
Awa‡ekb 9
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY : AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ 1
D‡Ïk¨: GB Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY-
- Òwkïi AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKviÓ ej‡Z Kx eySvq Zv RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i
Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v K‡i ej‡Z cvi‡eb;
- eq¯‹‡`i mvg‡b wkïi ¯^vaxb gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki evavmg~n wPwnèZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
mgq t 1N›Uv
c×wZ t aviYv cÖKvk, cÖ`k©b, f~wgKv Awfbq, †QvU`j
cÖwk¶Y DcKiY/ mnvqK mvgMÖx:
†nvqvBU †evW©, †evW© gvK©vi, Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±i , wd¬ckxU I gvK©vi, UªvÝcv‡iwÝ kxU:
AskMÖnY,RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb Aby‡”Q` 12, wkï AwaKvi m¤úwK©Z Ab¨vb¨ Aby‡”Q`,wkïi
AskMÖn‡Yi Zzjbvg~jK Ae¯’v; f~wgKv Awfb‡qi 2 wU welq-cÎ
cÖwμqv t
1. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbvb|
2. Awa‡ek‡bi wk‡ivbvg I D‡Ïk¨ Rvwb‡q w`b|
3. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i cÖkœ Ki“b- wkïi AskMÖnY ej‡Z wK eySvq? aviYv cÖKvk c×wZ‡Z
cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki wbKU †_‡K Zvi aviYv †R‡b wbb|
4. †k‡l ejyb-Avgv‡`i KL‡bv KL‡bv †Kv‡bv Kg©Kv‡Û †hvM`vb‡K AskMÖnY e‡j _vwK|
AskMÖnY ej‡Z cÖK…Zc‡¶ eySvq ÔcwiKíbv I wm×vš— MÖn‡Y AskMÖnY ev f~wgKv cvjbÕ|
5. Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ AskMÖn‡Yi GB msÁvwU cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
60. 60
AskMÖnY
AskMÖnY ej‡Z cÖK…Zc‡¶ eySvq ÔcwiKíbv I wm×vš— MÖn‡Y AskMÖnY ev f~wgKv cvjbÕ
6. ejyb †h, Avgiv bvbv iKg Kv‡R †hvM`vb K‡i _vwK Avi ÔcwiKíbv I wm×vš— MÖn‡YÓ hLb
†hvM †`B ZLb Zv‡K AskMÖnY ewj| GLb †_‡K AskMÖnY ej‡Z Avgiv †Kej ÔcwiKíbv
I wm×vš— MÖn‡Y AskMÖnY Ó Kivi K_v eyS‡ev|
7. Gevi ejyb †h, ÔcwiKíbv I wm×vš— MÖn‡YÓ AskMÖnY ev f~wgKv cvjbÕ Kiv nq gZvgZ
cÖKv‡ki gva¨‡g| Avi RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb` wkï‡`i AskMÖnY ev gZvgZ cÖKvk-Gi
AwaKvi cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q|
8. Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i 12 bs Aby‡”Q` cÖ`k©b Ki“b|
wkï AwaKvi mb`
Aby‡”Q`-12
1. gZvgZ MV‡b cwic° wkï wbR¯^ gZvgZ Ges aviYv cÖKv‡k Aeva ¯^vaxbZvi
AwaKvix| †mB mKj AwaKvi i¶vi Rb¨ wkï eqm Ges wb‡R‡K cÖKvk Kivi ¶gZv
Abyhvqx GB mKj gZvgZ‡K hv‡Z h_vh_ ¸i“Z¡ †`qv nq AskMÖnYKvix ivómg~n
Zvi wbðqZv weavb Ki‡e|
2. D‡Ï‡k¨ wkï‡K mywbw`©ó my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e †hb wkï wb‡R A_ev †Kvb cÖwZwbwa wKsev
†Kvb h_vh_ ms¯’vi gva¨‡g Zvi wbR ¯^v_© mswk−ó wePvi wefvMxq ev cÖkvmwbK
†gvKÏgvi †¶‡Î RvZxq AvB‡bi wewae× avivi m‡½ m½wZ †i‡L Zviv K_v ej‡Z
cv‡i|
9. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i GKRb‡K 12 Aby‡”Q‡`i 1bs avivwU co‡Z ejyb| Gevi Ab¨ GKRb‡K
GwU e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z ejyb| Gevi Aci GKRb‡K 2bs avivwU co‡Z ejyb Ges †h †Kvb
61. 61
GKRb‡K GwU e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z ejyb| cÖ‡qvR‡b wb‡R gZvgZ †hvM K‡i Av‡jvPbv‡K mg„×
Ki“b|
10.AskMÖnYKvix‡`i ejyb- GwUB wkïi AskMÖn‡Yi AwaKv‡ii g~j KvVv‡gv| G QvovI
RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i Av‡iv K‡qKwU Aby‡”Q‡` wkïi AskMÖn‡Yi K_v wewfbœfv‡e
ejv Av‡Q|
- Ifvi‡nW c‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb‡`i Ab¨ †hme Aby‡”Q‡` wkïi
AskMÖn‡Yi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv wb‡q ˆZix wb‡gœv³ QKwU cÖ`k©b Ki“b
Aby‡”Q` 3: ‰elg¨nxbZvi AwaKvi
Aby‡”Q` 4: wkïi m‡e©vËg ¯^v_©
Aby‡”Q` 5: AwffveK‡`i `vwqZ¡
Aby‡”Q` 6: ‡eu‡P _vKv I weK&v‡ki AwaKvi
Aby‡”Q` 9: wkïi gZ bv wb‡q Zv‡K cwievi †_‡K wew”Qbœ Kiv hv‡e bv|
Aby‡”Q` 13: ¯^vaxb gZ cÖKv‡ki AwaKvi
Aby‡”Q` 14: ¯^vaxb gZ, wPš—v I ag©PP©vi AwaKvi
Aby‡”Q` 15: msMV‡bi AwaKvi
Aby‡”Q` 16: ‡MvcbxqZvi AwaKvi
Aby‡”Q` 17: Z_¨ cÖvwßi AwaKvi
Aby‡”Q` 29: †h wk¶v gvbevwaKvi I MYZ‡š¿i Rb¨ DrmvwnZ K‡i Zvi AwaKvi
Aby‡”Q` 31: †Ljvayjv I wekªv‡gi AwaKvi
11. cici 2 wU f~wgKv Awfbq Av‡qvRb Ki“b| ejyb †h, GKwU‡Z Awfb‡qi Rb¨ _vK‡e 7
R‡bi wUg| Ab¨wU‡Z _vK‡e 9 R‡bi wUg|
62. 62
12. f~wgKv Awfb‡qi Rb¨ 16 Rb wPwnèZ Ki“b | Zv‡`i‡K 2 wU‡g fvM K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K wUg‡K
Awfb‡qi welq †jLv KvMR mieivn Ki“b| e‡j w`b †h, cÖ¯‘wZi R‡b¨ mgq _vK‡e 10 wgwbU
| Avi cÖ‡Z¨K wUg 10 wgwbU mgq cv‡e Awfb‡qi R‡b¨|
cÖ_g f~wgKv Awfb‡qi welq
¯^vaxbZv w`em Dcj‡¶ Ójvjm~h© wkï K¬veÓ μxov cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Av‡qvRb Ki‡e| ¯’vbxq GKwU
GbwRI Zv‡`i e‡j‡Q GR‡b¨ Zviv 5 nvRvi UvKv LiP Ki‡Z cvi‡e| cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Kx Kx AvB‡Ug
_vK‡e, Kx cyi¯‹vi †`Iqv n‡e, ‡gvU KqwU cyi¯‹vi, cÖavb AwZw_ ‡K n‡eb, μxov Abyôvb
cwiPvjbvq Kviv _vK‡e-Gme wel‡q cwiKíbv Ki‡Z e‡j‡Q H GbwRI| Ójvjm~h© wkï K¬veÓ-Gi
7Rb wkï †bZv cwiKíbv mfvq e‡m‡Qb|
wØZxq f~wgKv Awfb‡qi welq
¯^vaxbZv w`em Dcj‡¶ RvMiYx D”Pwe`¨vj‡q μxov cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Av‡qvRb Kiv n‡e| ¯‹zj KZ„©c¶
GR‡b¨ 5000 UvKv eivÏ K‡i‡Q| we`¨vj‡qi cÖavb wk¶K, μxov wk¶K Avi mnKvix cÖavb wk¶K
6 Rb Qv‡Îi m‡½ GR‡b¨ cwiKíbv mfvq e‡m‡Qb| mfvq wVK Kiv n‡e-| cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Kx Kx
AvB‡Ug _vK‡e, Kx cyi¯‹vi †`Iqv n‡e, ‡gvU KqwU cyi¯‹vi, cÖavb AwZw_ ‡K n‡eb, μxov Abyôvb
cwiPvjbvq Kviv _vK‡e, mn‡hvwMZvq _vK‡e Kviv BZ¨vw`|
13. cÖ¯‘wZ †kl n‡j cÖ_‡g Ójvjm~h© wkï K¬veÓ wUg I c‡i ÒRvMiYx D”Pwe`¨vjq wUgÓ‡K
f~wgKv Awfbq Ki‡Z ejyb|
14. 2 wU Awfbq †kl n‡j mevB‡K hvi hvi Avmb MÖnY Ki‡Z ejyb Ges cÖ_‡g 2 wUg‡K I
c‡i AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K Abyf~wZ Rvbv‡Z ejyb|
15. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i 4 wU †QvU`‡j fvM Ki“b| ‡QvU`‡j Ójvjm~h© wkï K¬veÓ I ÒRvMiYx
D”Pwe`¨vjq wUgÓ-Gi Awfb‡q wkïi AskMÖnY ai‡Yi Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z ejyb| Awfb‡qi
fv‡jv-g›` wePvi bq, wkïi AskMÖnY ‡Kvb As‡k ‡Kgb wQj Zv wb‡Pi QK Abymv‡i mvwR‡q wjL‡Z
ejyb| `jxq Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ 15 wgwbU mgq w`b|
63. 63
wkïi AskMÖn‡Yi Zzjbvg~jK w`K
jvjm~h© wkï K¬ve wUg RvMiYx D”Pwe`¨vjq wUg
16. Gevi `jxq Av‡jvPbvi djvdj Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z ejyb|
17.cÖkœ ivLyb: G `yB Awfbq As‡ki g‡a¨ wkïi AskMÖn‡Yi †Kvb cwi‡ek ev aibwU Avgiv
cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡ev? cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki KvQ †_‡K Zvi gZvgZ †R‡b wbb|
18. ejyb †h, wkïiv hLb wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ gZvgZ wewbgq K‡i, ZLb _v‡K ¯^vaxb, eo‡`i
mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z †M‡j wØavMÖ¯— n‡q c‡o| ‡Kb Ggb nq? eo‡`i mvg‡b wkï‡`i gZvgZ
cÖKv‡ki †¶‡Î weivRgvb cÖavb mgm¨v¸wj Kx?
cÖ‡Z¨K AskMÖnYKvix‡K Aš—Z: 2wU mgm¨v wPwnèZ Ki‡Z ejyb Ges Zv 2 wU c„_K Kv‡W© wjL‡Z
ejyb|
19| †jLv †kl n‡j KvW©¸wj msMÖn Ki“b Ges †mMywj †ev‡W© cÖ`k©‡bi e¨e¯’v Ki“b|
20| `yBRb fjvw›Uqvi AskMÖnYKvixi‡K KvW©¸wj c‡o ‡kvbv‡Z ejyb| Kv‡W© †jLv †Kv‡bv
wel‡q cÖkœ DÌvwcZ n‡j AskMÖnYg~jK Av‡jvPbvi wfwˇZ Reve w`‡Z †Póv Ki“b|
21| mevB‡K ab¨ev` Rvwb‡q Awa‡ekb †kl Ki“b|
65. 65
Awa‡ekb 10
wkï AwaKvi Kg©m~wPKiY : AskMÖn‡Yi g~jbxwZ 2
D‡Ïk¨: GB Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY-
- wkïi gZvgZ cÖKvk K_vwUi e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
- wkï‡`i AskMÖn‡Yi wewfbœ ‡¶Î wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
- wkï‡`i AskMÖnY e„wׇZ eq¯‹‡`i mn‡hvMx f~wgKv wPwnèZ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
mgq t 1 N›Uv 30 wgwbU
c×wZ t aviYv cÖKvk, †QvU`j, cÖ`k©b,Abykxjb,
cÖwk¶Y DcKiY/ mnvqK mvgMÖx:
- †nvqvBU †evW©, †evW© gvK©vi, KvW©, gvK©vi,
- †cv÷vi †ccvi/ d¬xcPvU©, d¬xcPvU© †evW©, gvK©vi †cb;
- e¨w³MZ Abykxjb kxU- 9.1: wkï‡`i AskMÖnY- Gi aiY;
- UªvÝcv‡iwÝ kxU: Òwkïi gZvg¥Z I cÖKvkÓQK, Òwkï cÖwZwbwa wbe©vPbÓ Abykxjb
cÎ,wkïi AskMÖn‡Yi wewfb †¶‡Îi bvg †jLv KvW©,
cÖwμqv t
1. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbvb|
2. ejyb †h, Av‡Mi Awa‡ek‡b Avgiv wkïi AskMÖnY wel‡q aviYv jvf K‡iwQ| GB Awa‡ek‡b
wkïi gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki welqwU Av‡iv we¯—vwiZ Rvb‡ev|
3. †ev‡W© Òwkïi gZvgZ cÖKvkÓ K_vwU wjLyb| ejyb †h, Òwkïi gZvgZÓI ÒcÖKvkÓGB `yB
As‡k fvM K‡i Avgiv Òwkïi gZvgZ cÖKvkÓ K_vwUi A_© Luy‡R †ei Ki‡ev|
4. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ 1 wU K‡i wfc KvW© mieivn Ki“b | Kv‡W© Òwkïi gZvgZÓ
K_vwUi gv‡b Kx Zv wjL‡Z ejyb|
5. KvW© †jLv †kl n‡j †m¸wj msMÖn Ki“b Ges †ev‡W©i GKw`‡K AvU‡K w`b | KvW©¸wji
Ic‡i wjLyb Òwkïi gZvgZÓ K_vwU|
66. 66
6. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ cybivq 1 wU K‡i wfc KvW© mieivn Ki“b | Kv‡W© ÒcÖKvkÓ K_vwUi
gv‡b Kx Zv wjL‡Z ejyb| KvW© †jLv †kl n‡j †m¸wj msMÖn Ki“b Ges †ev‡W©i Ab¨cv‡k
AvU‡K w`b | KvW©¸wji Ic‡i wjLyb ÒcÖKvkÓ K_vwU|
7. `yBRb AskMÖnYKvix‡K Avnevb Ki“b Kv‡W© †jLv aviYv-c‡q›U¸wj c‡o †kvbv‡bvi Rb¨|
8. Gevi Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ wkïi gZvgZ I cÖKvk QKwU Dc¯’vcb Ki“b|
wkïi gZvgZ cÖKvk
GKvš— wbR¯^ gZ Ges A-gZ ¯^vaxbfv‡e cÖKvk
wb‡Ri gZ wnmv‡e A‡b¨i gZ bq ¯úófv‡e cÖKvk
wb‡Ri /wb‡R‡`i fv‡jv-g‡›`i mv‡_ RwoZ
wel‡q gZ I A-gZ
AvswkK bq, c~Y© cÖKvk
Kv‡iv †kLv‡bv K_v bq wbf©q, wØavgy³-ms‡KvPnxb,Su~wKgy³ cÖKvk
cÖ‡ivwPZ/Pvcv‡bv K_v bq h‡`i Kv‡Q/mvg‡b gZvgZ cÖKvk Kiv n‡”Q
Zv‡`i cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©bc~e©K cÖKvk
gZcÖKvk, A-gZ cÖKvk,
hyw³ cÖ`k©b, weZK© Kiv
mZ¨ fvlY,Z_¨ †Mvcb bv Kiv
9. ejyb †h, gZvgZ cÖKv‡k wkï _vK‡e ¯^vaxb | wb‡Ri gZ ¯^vaxbfv‡e cÖKvk Ki‡e wkï |
Kv‡iv wkwL‡q †`Iqv ev ˆZwi Kiv Kv‡iv gZvgZ bq| gZwU n‡e wkïi wb‡Ri|
Av‡iv ejyb †h, RvwZmsN wkï AwaKvi mb‡` Avgiv †`‡LwQ †h, cÖwZwbwai gva¨‡gI wkï
gZvgZ cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvi‡e| wkïi cÖwZwbwa †K n‡e - G welqwU wb‡q Avgiv K_v ej‡ev
GLb|
67. 67
10. wkï ev wkky‡`i cÖwZwbwa †K n‡e ? wkï bv eq¯‹ †KD? K‡qKR‡bi gZvgZ MÖnY Ki“b|
11. †Rvov `j MVb Ki“b Ges †Kvb& †¶‡Î wkïi cÖwZwbwa wkï n‡e Avi †Kvb †¶‡Î wkïi
cÖwZwbwa eq¯‹ †KD n‡e- Zv †Rvov`‡j Av‡jvPbv K‡i wVK Ki‡Z ejyb| GRb¨ 3 wgwbU mgq
w`b| wZb wgwbU ci †Rvov `‡ji gZvgZ ïbyb|
12. ejyb †h, GKRb wkïi cÖwZwbwa Av‡iKRb wkï n‡Z cv‡i, Avevi Av`vjZ ev Ab¨ we‡kl
†¶‡Î eq¯‹ †KD Zvi cÖwZwbwa n‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨ w`‡K GK`j wkïi cÖwZwbwa GKRb ev GKw`K
wkï n‡Z cv‡i| G wel‡q AskMÖnYKvix‡`i gZvgZ wbb|
13. AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡a¨ Òwkï cÖwZwbwa wbe©vPbÓ kxl©K Abykxjb cÎ wU wewj Ki“b|
Abykxjb cÎ
mZ¨ Kx wg_¨v Wvb cv‡k wjLyb|
wkï cÖwZwbwa wbe©vPb
1. wkï/wkïivB Zvi/Zv‡`i cÖwZwbwa wbe©vPb Ki‡e|
2. ‡Kvb& (†Kvb& †Kvb&) wkï‡K wbe©vPb Ki‡e Zv Zv‡`i wbR¯^ e¨envi
3. Avjvc Av‡jvPbv K‡i bvwK †Mvcb †fv‡U wbe©vPb Ki‡e- GwUI wVK Ki‡e wkïivB
4. ‡Kvb& †Kvb& †hvM¨Zvi wfwˇZ cÖwZwbwa wVK Ki‡e Zv wba©viY Ki‡e wkïiv|
5. GKB wkï GKvwaKevi wbe©vwPZ n‡Z cvi‡e Kx cvi‡e bv- Zv wVK Ki‡e wkïiv|
wkï cÖwZwbwa wbe©vPb: eo‡`i `vwqZ¡
1. wkïiv hw` wb‡Riv wb‡R‡`i cÖwZwbwa wbe©vPb Ki‡Z m¶g e‡j g‡b K‡i Z‡e
†mLv‡b eo‡`i mn‡hvwMZvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB|
2. Zv‡`I cÖwZwbwa wbe©vPb Ki‡Z wM‡q hw` weev‡` Rwo‡q c‡o Z‡e eoiv Zv
cÖwZ‡iv‡a/wgUv‡Z mnvqZv w`‡eb|
3. wkï cÖwZwbwa wbe©vP‡b †Kv‡bv cÖfve we¯—vi Ki‡eb bv eoiv|
68. 68
4. cÖwZwbwa wbe©vP‡b mgm¨v m„wó n‡j, wkïiv hw` eo‡`i mvnvh¨ Pvq, Z‡eB eoiv
mvnv‡h¨i nvZ evov‡eb |
5. wkï‡`i wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa Avcbvi Kv‡Q †hvM¨ g‡b bv n‡jI Avcbvi Kivi wKQ~
†bB| G †¶‡Î Avcbvi ØvwqZ¡ n‡e H cÖwZwbwai Ávb, `¶Zv evov‡bv|
6. wbe©vP‡bi Av‡M cÖv_©xZv-†hvM¨Zv Kx n‡e Zv wVK Kivi Rb¨ wkï‡`i civgk©
w`‡eb|
7. wkïi c~Y© m¤§wZ Qvov eoiv wb‡R †KD Zvi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv|
8. Av`vjZ ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î AwffveK ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv ‡Kv‡bv wkïi cÖwZwbwaZ¡
Ki‡Z n‡j †m wel‡q wkï‡K Rvbv‡Z n‡e Ges wkïi K_v ïb‡Z n‡e|
9. eo †KD wkïi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡j wkï ev wkïiv wK e‡j‡Q Zv wkïi Revbx‡Z
ej‡Z n‡e|
10. K_v ejvi mgq hw` Abyev`‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq, Z‡e wbe©vwPZ Abyev`K wkïi
Revbx‡Z K_v ej‡eb| wkï Kx e‡j‡Q †Kej ZvB ej‡eb, Abyev`‡Ki Kv‡Q Kx g‡b
n‡q‡Q Zv ejvi `iKvi †bB|
14. cuvP wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ Abykxjb KvRwU †kl Ki‡Z ejyb|
15. Abykxjb cÎwU Ifvi‡nW cÖ‡R±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ †ev‡W© cÖ`wk©Z ivLyb Ges GKwU GKwU wel‡q †K
wK wj‡L‡Qb †R‡b wbb| DËi `yB ai‡bi n‡j ‡m wel‡q ¯^c¶hyw³ w`‡Z ejyb| weZK©
Abyôv‡bi gva¨‡g GKgZ n‡Z ejyb| me KwU c‡q‡›Ui DËi †PK Kivi ci ejyb †h, Avgiv
meMywj c‡q›U mwVK g‡b Kwi|
16. ‡ev‡W© cÖ`wk©Z c‡q›U¸wji cÖwZ mevB‡K Av‡iv GKevi j¶¨ Ki‡Z ejyb| ZvwjKvwU eo Kivi
Rb¨ AskMÖnYKvix‡`i KvQ †_‡K wKQz bZzb c‡q›U msMÖn Ki“b|
69. 69
17. Gici ejyb †h, Gevi Avgiv †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î wkïiv Kxfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv
wPwnèZ Ki‡ev|
18. wkï‡`i AskMÖn‡Yi †¶Î mg~n †jLv KvW©¸wj Avcbvi mvg‡b ivLyb Ges cÖ‡Z¨K‡K GwM‡q
G‡m GKwU K‡i KvW© wb‡q †h‡Z ejyb|
KvW©
wkïiv Kxfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡e Ges mswk−󇶇ΠI eo‡`i fywgKv Kx n‡e?
bxwZgvjv ˆZwi‡Z (RvZxq)
cwiev‡i
cvjK/AwfveKZ¡-MÖn‡Yi †ejvq
we`¨vj‡q
wkïkª‡g wb‡qvM †`Iqvi †¶‡Î
Qq gv‡mi wkï‡K wLPzwo LvIqv‡bvi mgq
evwoN‡ii KvR e¨e¯’vcbvq
cvK© ˆZwi mgq
wkï‡`i msMVb ˆZwi‡Z
GbwRI Kg©m~wP‡Z
‡Ljva~jv Av‡qvR‡b
M‡elYvq
GW‡fv‡Kmx Kv‡R
ivR‰bwZK `‡ji Kv‡R
MYgva¨‡g
ag©xq Kv‡R
cwi‡ek i¶vg~jK Kv‡R
ÎvY wkwei e¨e¯’vcbvq
e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPh©vi †¶‡Î
QvÎvevm, GwZgLvbv, wkï‡K›`ª cwiPvjbvq
wkï msMV‡b
‡hŠb wbh©vZb †_‡K wb‡R‡`i i¶v Ki‡Z
evj¨we‡q †iv‡a
70. 70
19. KvW© †bIqv †kl n‡j Gme †¶‡Î wkïiv Kxfv‡e Ask MÖnY Ki‡e Ges mswk−ó ‡¶‡Î eo‡`i
fywgKv Kx n‡e cÖ‡Z¨K‡K 2 wgwbUKvj Zv wPš—v Ki‡Z ejyb|
20. 2 wgwbU ci cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Ò‡h hv †f‡e †c‡q‡QbÕ Zv Rvbv‡Z ejyb| Kv‡iv †Kv‡bv K_v e¨vL¨
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