Full Report.pdf

Uvg© †ccvi
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ÒKzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘: Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbvÓ
ZË¡veavqK t
Rbve W. gynv¤§` Ave`yi ivnxg
mnKvix Aa¨vcK (BmjvwgK ÷vwWR wefvM)
I‡cb ¯‹zj, evDwe
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Gg.G. (†kl ce©) 2q †mwg÷vi
AvBwW bs- 20-0-96-810-061
wkÿvel©t-2019-2020, e¨vPt 4_©
mvgvwRK weÁvb, gvbweK I fvlv ¯‹zj
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
MvRxcyi-1705|
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Avwg GB g‡g© †NvlYvKiwQ †h, ÒKzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘: Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbvÓ | wk‡ivbv‡gv³ Uvg©
†ccviwU m¤úyY©B Avgvi e¨w³MZ M‡elYv Kg©|
GB M‡elYv Kg©wU Avgvi evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq Gi Aax‡b Gg.G. (‡kl ce©) P~ovšÍ cix¶vi
Ask we‡kl wn‡m‡e cÖ¯`ZK…Z| GwU †Kvb eB †_‡K ûeû bKj Kwiwb Ges Ab¨ †Kv_vq Rgv †`Bwb|
iæ‡ej wgqv
AvBwW bs- 20-0-96-810-061
wkÿvel©t-2019-2020, e¨vPt 4_©
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GB g‡g© cÖZ¨qb Kiv hv‡”Q †h, Òiæ‡ej wgqvÓ evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq Gg.G. (‡kl ce©) BmjvwgK
÷vwWR wefv‡Mi, 2q †mwgóv‡ii wkÿv_©x| Zvi AvBwW bs-20-0-96-810-061, ‡mkb-2019-2020,
e¨vP- 4_©| †m Avgvi ZË¡veav‡b ÒKzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘: Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbvÓ wk‡ivbv‡gi Uvg© †ccviwU
m¤úbœ K‡i‡Q| GwU Zvui m¤úyb© GKK I †gŠwjK KvR| Avgvi Rvbvg‡Z †m GB Uvg©‡ccviwU †Kv_vI
cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ Rgv †`qwb|
Rbve W. gynv¤§` Ave`yi ivnxg
mnKvix Aa¨vcK (BmjvwgK ÷vwWR wefvM)
I‡cb ¯‹zj, evDwe
‡gvevBj bs- 017104300146

K…ZÁZv ¯^xKvi
cÖ_‡gB Avwg cig Kiæbvg‡qi wbKU K…ZÁZv cÖKvk KiwQ, whwb Avgv‡K M‡elYv Kg©wU
Kivi kw³ I mvg_©¨ w`‡q‡Qb| Avwg A‡kl K…ZÁ Avgvi kª‡Øq wk¶K I Avgvi GB M‡elbv K‡g©i
ZË¡veavqK mnKvix Aa¨vcK Rbve W. gynv¤§` Ave`yi ivnxg, Gi cÖwZ hvi ZË¡veavb, civgk©,
mn‡hvwMZv I AvšÍwiKZv bv _vK‡j Avgvi G KvRwU KivB m¤¢e n‡Zv bv| GQvov Avwg AviI K…ZÁ
Avgvi wefvMxq cÖavb I Ab¨vb¨ wk¶K‡`i cÖwZ hviv Avgv‡K M‡elYv Kv‡R AK…wÎg mnvqZv
K‡i‡Qb| M‡elYvK‡g© Avwg †hme eB, Rvb©vj, cÖeÜ, w_wmm, WKz‡g›Um BZ¨vw` †_‡K mvnvh¨ †c‡qwQ
†m m‡ei †jLK‡`i cÖwZ K…ZÁZv Rvbvw”Q|
iæ‡ej wgqv
AvBwW bs- 20-0-96-810-061
wkÿvel©t-2019-2020, e¨vPt 4_©
MvRxcyi-1705

mvims‡ÿc
Bmjv‡g Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi cªwZ GKvšÍ Rbe‡ji cªwZ we‡kl Riæwi wb‡`©kbv cª`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB
wb‡`©kbv eûav ivm~jyjøvn (mvt) Gi nv`x‡m cªwZwôZ n‡q Av‡m Ges GwU mvgvwRK b¨vq, mgZv Ges
Av`vj‡Zi g~j g~j¨vsKb DbœZ Kivi j‡¶¨ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q|
nv`x‡m mvnvev ivm~jyjøvn (mvt) Gi wb‡`©kbv g~jK n‡Z cv‡i, "hw` †KvbI e¨w³ nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv
e¯Íy Zy‡j wb‡q Av‡m, Zvn‡j †m GKwU D×viKvix mv¶x w`‡q ivL‡Z n‡e| Zvici †m GwU †Mvcb Kiv
wb‡la, Ges †h e¯ÍywU Kywo‡q Avb‡Z †M‡Q, Zv hZœkxjfv‡e eRvq ivL‡Z n‡e| hw` †m e¯ÍywUi gvwjK‡K
†c‡Z hvq, Zvn‡j †m H e¯ÍywUi gvwjK nq| Avevi, hw` gvwjK cvIqv hvq bv, Zvn‡j Avjøvni n° †gUv‡Z
cv‡i|"
GB wb‡`©kbv¸wj †_‡K cªKvwkZ n‡”Q †h, Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi m¤ú‡K© b¨vqcivqY Ges mZK©Zvi mv‡_
AvPiY Ki‡Z n‡e| D×viY †Ìqv wb‡`©kbv¸wj m¤ú‡ì gvwj‡Ki AwaKvi I ¯^M©xq cwicvwUi g‡a¨ mgš^q
Ges mgZv wbwðZ Kivi j‡¶¨ cª`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
GQvov, nv`x‡m †Ìqv n‡”Q †h, nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi m¤ú‡K© †NvlYv †Ìqvi c‡i D×viKvix
e¨w³i cªwZ AvZ¥mv‡Zi g‡Zv wb‡gœv³ Ask¸wj †gUv‡Z n‡e: (1) nviv‡bv e¯ÍywUi Dci †cŠuQv‡Z h‡_ó mgq
†Ìqv| (2) cªvß e¯Íyi mv‡_ hZœ †bIqv Ges m¤§wZ AR©b Kiv, hw` m¤¢e nq| (3) hw` e¯Íyi gvwjK cªvß
n‡Z bv cv‡i, Z‡e e¯ÍywU Avjøvni n° †gUv‡Z cv‡i|
GB wb‡`©kbv¸wj e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki AwaKvi Ges c~Y©Zv msi¶‡Yi Rb¨ Av`vjwZK c×wZ‡Z cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
GQvov, wb‡Ri jv‡fi Rb¨ nviv‡bv e¯Íy eënvi Kiv Amg_© Ges wbwl× nIqv DwPZ| gvwjK Zvi gvwjKvbv
†_‡K eënvi Ki‡Z evav wb‡q m¤úwË `v‡b AvMªnx nIqv we`¨gvb cªvYx I m¤ú‡ì msi¶Y Ges mgv‡R
mgZv wbwðZ KivB Bmjv‡g D‡Ïk¨|

m~PxcÎ
c„ôv bs-
cÖ_g Aa¨vq t f~wgKv
1.1 f‚wgKv 01
1.2 M‡elYvi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ 02-03
1.3 M‡elYvi †hŠw³KZv 03-04
1.4 M‡elYvi mxgve×Zv 04-06
wØZxq Aa¨vqt Bmjv‡g Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘i aviYvMZ KvVv‡gv
2.1 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯`: cÖv_wgK aviYv 07
2.2 Bmjv‡g Kzwo‡q cvIhv e¯ì wb‡`©kbv 07-11
2.3 ‡gŠwjKfv‡e Kzwo‡q cvIthv e¯ì cÖKvi‡f` 11-13
2.4 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯ì wKQz weavb 13-14
2.5 Kzov‡bv e¯` †c‡j D×viKvixi `vwqZ¡ 14-16
Z…Zxq Aa¨vqt Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î KiYxq wK? GB †ÿ‡Î Bmjv‡gi
wewa weavb wK?
3.1 Bmjv‡g Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯ì †ÿ‡Î KiYxq wK? 17-20
3.2 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯` eënv‡ii weavb 20-22
3.3 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯ì e¨vcv‡i Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbv 23-24
PZz_© Aa¨vqt Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘: Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbv Gi
we¯ÍvwiZ ch©v‡jvPbv
4.1 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯ì Bmjvgx weavb 25-33
4.2 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯` †bIqv hv‡e wKbv, G e¨vcv‡i Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbv 34-38
4.3 Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯ì †gŠwjK AwaKvi I `vwqZ¡ 39
4.4 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯` Ges ˆbwZK g~j¨ 39-40
4.5 ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ Ges Av‡Liv‡Zi djvdj 40-41
4.6 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯`: Bmjvgx `„wófw½ 41-42
cÂg Aa¨vqt Dcmsnvi
5.1 Dcmsnvi 43-44
Z_¨m~Î 45-46

c„ôv bs-1
cÖ_g Aa¨vq
f~wgKv
1.1 f‚wgKv
c‡_-Nv‡U, nv‡U-evRv‡i A‡b‡KB A‡bK nviv‡bv wRwbm †c‡q _v‡Kb| Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯ÍywU wK
Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wb‡q A‡b‡KB wØavØ‡›` †fv‡Mb| ZvB Bmjv‡g nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy
wel‡q wK wb‡`©kbv w`‡q‡Q Zv †R‡b †bIqv cª‡Z¨‡Ki Rb¨B GKvšÍ Riæix|
Bmjvgx kixq‡Zi cwifvlvq Ônviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯ÍyÕ ej‡Z †evSvq, Ggb m¤úwË ev e¯Íy hv
Zvi gvwj‡Ki KvQ †_‡K nvwi‡q †M‡Q, Avi Ab¨ †KD Zv Kywo‡q †c‡q‡Q| A_ev Ggb †Kv‡bv
e¯Íy hv †Kv‡bv e¨w³ c‡o _vK‡Z †`‡L Zv Kywo‡q wb‡q‡Q Ges AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e wb‡R MªnY
K‡i‡Q|
ivmyjyjøvn mvjøvjøvû AvÕjvBwn Iqv mvjøvg nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy m¤ú‡K© e‡j‡Qb,
Ò‡Zvgv‡`i †KD hw` †Kv‡bv Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Zy‡j †bq, Z‡e †m †hb G wel‡q `yÕRb
b¨vqcivqY mv‣x iv‡L| Zvici †m †hb Zv †Mvcb bv K‡i Ges H e¯Íyi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cwieZ©bI
bv K‡i| Gici hw` H e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mÜvb cvIqv hvq, Z‡e †mB †mUvi AwaKvix| Avi hw`
gvwjK‡K bv cvIqv hvq, Z‡e H e¯ÍywU Avjøvni m¤ú`, wZwb hv‡K B”Qv Zv `vb K‡ib|Ó (Be‡b
wneŸvb)

c„ôv bs-2
1.2 M‡elYvi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨
Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi Zvrch© cix‣v Kiæb: GB M‡elYvwU Bmjv‡gi †cª‣vc‡U Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi
¸iæZ¡ I cªvmw½KZv e¨vcKfv‡e A‡š^lY Ki‡Z Pvq| cvÐywjwc Ges aŸsmve‡kl †_‡K ïiæ K‡i
¯’vcZ¨ Dcv`vb ch©šÍ wewfbœ ai‡bi wb`k©b we‡kølY K‡i, GB Aa¨q‡bi j‣¨ nj GB e¯Íy¸wj
Bmjvgx HwZ‡nï g‡a¨ aviY K‡i Ggb Mfxi A_© I D‡Ïk¨¸wj D‡b¥vPb Kiv|
wb‡`©kg~jK mvigg© D‡b¥vPb Kiæb: M‡elYvwU Bmjv‡g Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi wb‡`©kg~jK w`K¸wj
AbymÜvb Kivi †Póv K‡i| GB wb`k©b¸wji g‡a¨ G‡¤^W Kiv eY©bv, cªZxK Ges wk‣v¸wj
Aa¨qb K‡i, D‡Ïk¨ nj wek¦vmx‡ì Rb¨ wb‡`©wkKv, cªÁv Ges wk‣vMZ g~‡jï DZ&m wnmv‡e
Zviv Kxfv‡e KvR K‡i Zv e¨vL¨v Kiv|
HwZnvwmK Ges mvs¯‥…wZK †cª¶vcU¸wj A‡š^lY Kiæb: GB M‡elYvi j‣¨ nj Kzwo‡q cvIqv
e¯Íy¸wj‡K Zv‡ì HwZnvwmK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK †cª‣vc‡Ui g‡a¨ †i‡L Zv‡ì GKwU msw‣ß aviYv
cª`vb Kiv| Af¨vm msMª‡ni weeZ©b Lyu‡R †ei K‡i Ges Bmjvgx ms¯‹…wZ MV‡b GB e¯Íy¸‡jv †h
f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q Zv cix‣v K‡i, Aa¨q‡bi j‣¨ e¯ÍyMZ wb`k©b Ges e„nËi mvgvwRK-ag©xq
j¨vÛ‡¯‹‡ci g‡a¨ MwZkxj m¤úK©‡K Zy‡j aiv|
cªZxKev` Ges Ava¨vwZ¥K ZvZ&ch© we‡kølY Kiæb: M‡elYvwU Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi AšÍwb©wnZ
cªZxKx Ges Ava¨vwZ¥K ¯Íi¸wj‡K D‡b¥vPb Ki‡Z Pvq| wewfbœ wkíK‡g©i mv‡_ mshy³ A_©¸wj‡K
wew”Qbœ K‡i Ges Kxfv‡e Zviv wek¦vmx‡ì‡K Hk¦wiK Ges Zv‡ì wek¦v‡mi wk‣vi mv‡_ mshy³
K‡i, Aa¨q‡bi j‣¨ nj Mfxi AbyiYb¸wj D‡b¥vPb Kiv hv msMª‡ni KvR‡K AšÍwb©wnZ K‡i|
wk¶vMZ cªfve cix¶v Kiæb: GB M‡elYvi j‣¨ Bmjv‡g Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi wk¶vMZ cªfve
g~j¨vqb Kiv| GB wb`k©b¸wj Kxfv‡e cvV, ˆbwZKZv Ges ag©xq wk‣v¸wj †evSv‡Z eëüZ nq
Zv Z`šÍ K‡i, Aa¨q‡bi j‣¨ wek¦vmx‡ì g‡a¨ †evSvcov, AvbyMZ¨ Ges ˆbwZK AvPi‡Yi cªPv‡i
Zv‡ì f~wgKvi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv|

c„ôv bs-3
P¨v‡jÄ Ges my‡hvM mbv³ Kiæb: M‡elYv AvaywbK BmjvwgK †cª‣vc‡U Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi mv‡_
hy³ P¨v‡jÃ Ges my‡hvM wPwýZ Kivi †Póv K‡i| cªvgvwYKZv, msi‣Y Ges weKwkZ msMª‡ni
Abykxj‡bi g‡Zv welq¸wj cix‣v K‡i, Aa¨q‡bi j‣¨ nj Kxfv‡e GB wb`k©b¸wj GKwU
cwiewZ©Z we‡k¦ Zv‡ì wb‡`©kg~jK D‡Ïk¨wU Pvwj‡q †h‡Z cv‡i †m m¤ú‡K© AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb Kiv|
GB j‣¨ I D‡Ïk¨¸wji gva¨‡g, GB M‡elYvi j‣¨ nj Bmjv‡g msM„nxZ e¯Íyi eûgyLx f~wgKvi
Mfxi Dcjwä Ges †evSvi Rb¨ Ae`vb ivLv, Zv‡ì wb‡`©kg~jK mvivsk Ges wek¦vmx‡ì Rb¨
Zv‡ì ¯’vqx ZvZ&ch© Ges e„nËi Bmjvgx mvs¯‹…wZK HwZ‡nï Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv|
1.3 M‡elYvi †h․w³KZv
GB Aa¨qb cwiPvjbvi †hŠw³KZv Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi f~wgKv Ges Zv‡ì
wb‡`©kg~jK ZvZ&ch©‡K e¨vcKfv‡e †evSvi cª‡qvRb †_‡K D™¢~Z nq| hwÌ AmsL¨ M‡elYvq
Bmjvgx ms¯‹…wZ I HwZ‡nï wewfbœ w`K A‡š^lY Kiv n‡q‡Q, Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi Dci wbw`©ó
†dvKvm Ges Zv‡ì wk‣vMZ cªfve Zyjbvg~jKfv‡e A‡š^lY Kiv i‡q †M‡Q| GB M‡elYvwU
Kxfv‡e GB wb`k©b¸wj Bmjvgx HwZ‡nï w`Kwb‡`©kbv, cªÁv Ges wk‣vi DZ&m wnmv‡e KvR
K‡i Zvi GKwU cy․Lvbycy․L cix‣v cª`v‡bi gva¨‡g GB eëavbwU mgvavb Ki‡Z Pvq|
`ªæZ wek¦vqb Ges cªhyw³MZ AMªMwZi hy‡M, wek¦vmxiv Zv‡ì wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ RwoZ nIqvi
Dcvq¸wj weKwkZ n‡”Q| Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy, hv cªR‡b¥i ci cªRb¥ a‡i kª‡×q Ges msiw‣Z
n‡q‡Q, mvgwqK eëavb c~iY Kivi GK Abb¨ ‣gZvi AwaKvix, hv mgmvgwqK wek¦vmx‡ì‡K
AZx‡Zi wk‣v I AwfÁZvi mv‡_ mshy³ K‡i| GB e¯Íyi cªZxKev`, AvL¨vb Ges mvs¯‹…wZK
†cª‣vcU¸wj‡K Mfxifv‡e AbymÜvb Kivi gva¨‡g, GB Aa¨q‡bi j‣¨ nj Kxfv‡e Zviv
wb‡`©kg~jK g~j¨ a‡i iv‡L, Bmjvgx bxwZ¸wji Mfxi Dcjwä e„w× K‡i Ges cwieZ©‡bi gy‡L
avivevwnKZvi avibv‡K DrmvwnZ K‡i|
Dciš`, msM„nxZ e¯Íyi wb‡`©kg~jK m¤¢vebv †evSv ïaygvÎ ag©xq Aa¨q‡bi cwÐZ‡ì Rb¨B bq,
mvs¯‹…wZK cªwZôvb, wk‣vwe` Ges Bmjv‡gi AbykxjbKvix‡ì RbÏ cªvmw½K| GB e¯Íyi g‡a¨

c„ôv bs-4
Gg‡eW Kiv A‡_©i ¯Íi¸wj D‡b¥vPb K‡i, GB M‡elYvwU wk‣vg~jK †cªvMªvg, wKD‡iUwiqvj
Abykxjb Ges Bmjvgx HwZn¨ msi‣Y I cª`k©‡bi j‡‣¨ D‡`¨vM¸wj‡Z Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i|
AwaKš`, GB Aa¨qb †_‡K AwR©Z AšÍ`©…wó¸wj wek¦vmxiv Zv‡ì wek¦v‡mi mv‡_ RwoZ _vKvi
Dcvq¸wj‡K AviI msw‣ß †evSvi myweav w`‡Z cv‡i, ag©xq wb‡`©‡ki Kvh©KvwiZv Ges
g~j¨‡ev‡ai msµgY‡K evwo‡q †Zv‡j|
ms‡‣‡c, GB Aa¨q‡bi †hŠw³KZv GB wek¦v‡mi Dci wbf©i K‡i †h Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ msM„nxZ
e¯Íyi GKwU we¯Í…Z A‡š^lY Ges Zv‡ì wb‡`©kg~jK ZvZ&ch© Avgv‡ì wek¦vm, Gi HwZnvwmK
weKvk Ges Gi mgmvgwqK cªvmw½KZv m¤ú‡K© Avgv‡ì †evSvi ‣gZv iv‡L| GB cªvqkB
D‡cw‣Z wkíK‡g©i Dci Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i, GB M‡elYvi j‣¨ nj GKv‡WwgK e„wË Ges Bmjvgx
ms¯‹…wZ, HwZn¨ Ges wk‣vi Av‡kcv‡ki we¯Í…Z e³…Zv Dfq †‣‡ÎB Ae`vb ivLv|
1.4 M‡elYvi mxgve×Zv
hwÌ GB Aa¨q‡bi j‣¨ Bmjv‡g Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi wb‡`©kg~jK Zvr&ch© m¤ú‡K© g~jëvb
AšÍ`©…wó cª`vb Kiv, M‡elYvi cwiwa Ges MfxiZv‡K cªfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ggb wKQy mxgve×Zv
¯^xKvi Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©:
Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi cwiwa: Bmjv‡g Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi êwPZª¨ wekvj, cvÐywjwc Ges aŸsmve‡kl
†_‡K ïiæ K‡i ¯’vcZ¨ Dcv`vb Ges e¨w³MZ wb`k©b ch©šÍ| GB wel‡qi we¯Í…wZi cwi‡cªw‣‡Z,
GB Aa¨q‡bi mxgve×Zvi g‡a¨ cªwZwU ai‡Yi Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy‡K e¨vcKfv‡e Kfvi Kiv m¤¢e
bvI n‡Z cv‡i|
Dr‡mi cªvc¨Zv: cªv_wgK DZ&m¸wji A¨v‡•m‡hvM¨Zv, we‡kl K‡i HwZnvwmK Ges weij Kzwo‡q
cvIqv e¯Íy¸wji Rb¨, P¨v‡jwÃs n‡Z cv‡i| cªvgvwYK wb`k©b Ges HwZnvwmK †iKW©¸wj‡Z mxwgZ
A¨v‡•m we‡kølY Ges cªvmw½K †evSvi MfxiZv‡K mxgve× Ki‡Z cv‡i|

c„ôv bs-5
mvs¯‥…wZK Ges AvÂwjK •ewPÎ¨: wewfbœ ms¯‹…wZ Ges AÂj Ry‡o BmjvwgK Abykxjb Ges HwZn¨
D‡jøL‡hvM¨fv‡e cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i| GB Aa¨qbwU cªv_wgKfv‡e GKwU wbw`©ó mvs¯‹…wZK
†cª‣vc‡Ui Dci †dvKvm Ki‡Z cv‡i, Ab¨vb¨ BmjvwgK m¤úª`v‡qi Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi
wb‡`©kg~jK ZvZ&c‡iï m¤¢ve¨ m~‣¥Zv Ges ZviZg¨‡K D‡c‣v K‡i|
e¨vL¨vg~jK cªK„wZ: msM„nxZ e¯Íyi mv‡_ mshy³ cªZxKev` Ges A‡_©i e¨vL¨v e¨w³MZ Ges
e¨w³MZ c‣cvZ Øviv cªfvweZ n‡Z cv‡i| wewfbœ cwÐZ Ges we‡klÁiv wewfbœ e¨vL¨v w`‡Z
cv‡ib, hvi d‡j djvd‡ji m¤¢ve¨ cv_©K¨ n‡Z cv‡i|
mgmvgwqK MwZwe`¨v: AvaywbK BmjvwgK †cª‣vc‡U msM„nxZ e¯Íyi cªfve cªhyw³MZ AMªMwZ Ges
ag©xq Abykxj‡bi cwieZ©‡bi g‡Zv KviY¸wji Kvi‡Y weKwkZ n‡Z cv‡i| GB Aa¨qbwU Kxfv‡e
GB cwieZ©b¸wj msM„nxZ e¯Íyi wb‡`©kg~jK f~wgKv‡K cªfvweZ K‡i Zvi mg¯Í m~‣¥Zv K¨vcPvi
Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
fvlv Ges mvs¯‥…wZK evav: BmjvwgK cvV¨ Ges DZ&m wewfbœ fvlvq Dcjä n‡Z cv‡i, hvi g‡a¨
wKQy Abyev‡ì cª‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| Abyev`g~jK m~‣¥Zv Ges mvs¯‹…wZK cv_©K¨ Kzwo‡q cvIqv
Z‡_ï h_v_©Zv Ges MfxiZv‡K cªfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|
‣bwZK we‡ePbv: wKQy Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy, we‡kl K‡i hv‡ì ag©xq ev mvs¯‹…wZK ms‡e`bkxjZv
i‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì cwiPvjbv, msi‣Y Ges me©Rbxb cª`k©‡bi wel‡q ˆbwZK D‡ØM evov‡Z cv‡i|
GB we‡ePbv¸wj wbw`©ó wb`k©b¸wj we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e Aa¨qb Kivi ‣gZv‡K cªfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|
µm-wWwmwcøbvwi cªK„wZ: Bmjv‡g msM„nxZ e¯Íyi Aa¨qb wkí, BwZnvm, ag©ZË¡ Ges b„Z‡Ë¡i
Dcv`vb RwoZ| hwÌ GB AvšÍtwefvMxq c×wZ M‡elYv‡K mg„× K‡i, GwU cªwZwU †‣‡Îi `‣Zv
Ges e¨vcK Kfv‡i‡Ri †‣‡Î P¨v‡jÃI Dc¯’vcb K‡i|

c„ôv bs-6
GB mxgve×Zv m‡Ë¡I, GB Aa¨qbwU Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi wb‡`©kg~jK mvivs‡ki
GKwU g~j¨evb AbymÜvb cª`vb Ki‡Z Pvq| GB mxgve×Zv¸wj‡K M‡elYv cªwµqvi Awe‡”Q`¨
wnmv‡e ¯^xK„wZ †`Iqv Ges GB m¤¢ve¨ mxgve×Zv¸wj m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZvi mv‡_ djvdj¸wji
Kv‡Q hvIqv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

c„ôv bs-7
wØZxq Aa¨vq
Bmjv‡g Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘i aviYvMZ KvVv‡gv
2.1 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘: cÖv_wgK aviYv
"Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy" GwU Ggb GKwU e¯Íy ev m¤úwË †evSvq hv nviv‡bv n‡q _v‡K Ges Ab¨
†KvbI e¨w³ Zv‡K †c‡q _v‡K| Bmjv‡gi cªKvwiZ kixqZ g~jZ cª‡qvRbxq ms‡KZ I wb‡`©kbv
cª`vb K‡i Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi mv‡_ †h c`‡‣çwj AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z gvwj‡Ki AwaKvi
msi¶Y nq|
Bmjv‡g, Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi cybiæ×vi Ges gvwj‡Ki mÜvb Kiv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© gh©v`v wn‡m‡e
we‡ewPZ n‡q _v‡K|
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Bmjv‡g ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ˆbwZK Ges Av`vjwZ wcªq wel‡q cªhy³ n‡Z cv‡i| GB
e¯Íy¸wji mv‡_ mwVKfv‡e eënvi Kivi cªwµqv Ges Bmjvgx bxwZ †g‡b Pjvi gva¨‡g mgv‡R
b¨vq Ges mgMªfv‡e fvj AvPiY eRvq ivLv hvq|
2.2 Bmjv‡g Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi wb‡`©kbv
Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘ cÖ`v‡bi c×wZ
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy cª`vb Kivi c×wZ BmjvwgK bxwZ Ges Av`‡k© wfwË K‡i b¨vq Ges gvbweK
cªwZi‣v g~jK| GB c×wZ¸wj Av`vj‡Zi b¨vqcivqY w`‡K cªgvwYZ K‡i Ges e¨w³MZ,
mvgvwRK, Avw_©K I Av`k©MZ myi‣v ¯Í‡i mwVKfv‡e b¨vqg~jK mgvavb wbwðZ K‡i| bx‡P
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy cª`v‡bi we¯ÍvwiZ c×wZ¸wj †Ìqv nj:
nviv‡bv e¯Íyi AvB‡Ww›Uwd‡Kkb Ges msMªnY: cª_gZ, nviv‡bv e¯Íy †hwU cª`vb Ki‡Z n‡e Zv
ch©vßfv‡e AvB‡Ww›UdvB Kiv n‡e| GwU †gŠwjK hvÎvc_, g‡Wj b¤î, wmwiqvj b¤î BZ¨vw` mn
m¤¢ve¨ me cªgvwYZ Z‡_ï mv‡_ msMªnY Ki‡Z mnvqK|

c„ôv bs-8
weeiY I Qwe msMªnY: nviv‡bv e¯Íy msMªn‡Yi mgq, †mwUi we¯ÍvwiZ weeiY Ges g~jëvb Qwe ˆZwi
Kiv DËg| GwU e¨w³MZ m‡›`‡ni mgq cªgvY wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i|
Av`vjZ m¤úª`vb: nviv‡bv e¯Íy cª`v‡bi ci, e¨w³ hvi e¯Íy nvwi‡q‡Q Zvi w`‡K Av`vj‡Z hvIqv
nq| m¤úª`v‡bi gva¨‡g Zvi Av`vjwZK gvgjv `vwLj Kiv nq, hv mwVK b¨vqcivqY wbôv Ges
Av`vj‡Zi mv‡_ mnvbyf~wZ cª`k©b K‡i|
mv‣¨ I cªgvY: nviv‡bv e¯Íy cª`vb Kivi mgq, cªgvY I mv‡‣ï KvMRcÎmg~n mnReyw× mn
msMªnY Kiv nq| GwU b¨vqcivqY wbôv I Av`vj‡Zi mv‡_ cªgvY cª`k©‡bi DcKiY|
Av`vj‡Zi Av‡`k †g‡b Pjv: Av`vjZ m¤úª`v‡bi ci, hw` nviv‡bv e¯Íy cvIqv hvq, Zvn‡j
Av`vj‡Zi Av‡`k AbymiY K‡i Zv †diZ †Ìqv nq| GwU b¨vqcivqY Ges Av`vj‡Zi KZ©e¨
†g‡b Pjvi m~Pbv K‡i|
BmjvwgK †gŠwjK Av`‡k© wfwË: BmjvwgK bxwZ Ges Av`‡k©i wfwË K‡i, nviv‡bv e¯Íy cª`vb Kivi
c×wZ b¨vqcivqY Ges `vwqZ¡c~Y© n‡Z n‡e| GwU gvbweK mngwg©Zv Ges mgv‡Ri b¨vqcivqY
wbôvi mv‡_ †g‡j hvq|
mwnòyZv, b¨vqcivqY Ges gvbweKZv mv‡_ †g‡j GB c×wZ¸wj nviv‡bv e¯Íy cª`v‡bi mwVK Dcvq
n‡Z cv‡i, hv GKwU ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z mgv‡Ri MVb Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy cª`v‡bi mgqmxgv
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy cª`v‡bi mgqmxgv BmjvwgK bxwZ Ges Av`‡k© wba©vwiZ nq bv, KviY GwU
êh¨xK ev NUbvmœvZ Ae¯’v‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z †nv‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e, wKQy BmjvwgK bxwZ Ges
mvgvwRK cª_v g~jZ Av`k©MZ Ae¯’v‡bi Rb¨ we‡kl mgqmxgv cª`vb K‡i|

c„ôv bs-9
Avg‡j, nvw`‡m cªKvwkZ A‡bK msL¨K D`vniY †`Lv hv‡”Q †h¸wj e‡j, hw` †KD †Kvb e¨w³i
nviv‡bv e¯Íy cª`vb Ki‡Z hvq, Zvn‡j †m hZœ mveav‡b Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv my`x cªwZôv‡b mvewgU
Ki‡Z n‡e| ZvB mvgvwRK cª_v Abyhvqx, nviv‡bv e¯Íy cª`v‡bi mgqmxgv †h n‡Z cv‡i Zv Kv‡Q
_v‡K:
GKwÎKiY kªwgK Ges gyw³‡hv×v‡ì Rb¨: BmjvwgK bxwZ Abymv‡i, GKwÎKiY kªwgK Ges
gyw³‡hv×v‡ì Rb¨ nviv‡bv e¯Íy cª`v‡bi mgqmxgv †ewk †Ìqv n‡Z cv‡i| D‡jøL‡hvM¨ †h, GB
mgqmxgv miKvwi Ges AmiKvwi cªwZôv‡b wfbœ wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i|
ch©vß mgq cª`vb: BmjvwgK bxwZ g~jZ mg„w× mv¤úª`vwqK‡ì nviv‡bv e¯Íy cª`v‡bi cªwZ we‡kl
Av`k© ¯’vcb K‡i| Zv‡ì Rb¨ ch©vß mgq cª`vb Kiv n‡Z cv‡i, hv‡Z Zviv mv‣¨ I cªgvY
msMªn Ki‡Z cv‡i|
mwnòyZv, mvgvwRK cª_v Ges gvbweK g~‡jï mv‡_ GB mgqmxgv¸wj Av`wk©Z †nvK, hv‡Z
nviv‡bv e¯Íy cª`vb cªwµqv b¨vqcivqY Ges mwVK †nvK|
cªvß e¯Íyi msi¶Y I †NvlYv
cªvß e¯Íyi msi‣Y I †NvlYv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq, hv GKwU mvgvwRK Ges ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ wb‡q
mwnòyZv, mn‡hvwMZv Ges e¨ve¯’vcbv mn cªKvk K‡i| cªvß e¯Íyi msi‣Y I †NvlYvi mv‡_
BmjvwgK bxwZ I Av`‡k©i g‡a¨ wgj _v‡K|
cªvß e¯Íyi msi¶Y:
 Bmjv‡g, cªvß e¯Íyi msi‣Y Kiv †bK‡hvM¨ I ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| GKRb gymwjg e¨w³i
Rb¨ e¨w³MZ e¯Íyi hZœ †bIqv Av`k©|
 nvw`‡m cªKvwkZ Av‡Q †h, hw` †KD Ab¨‡K GKwU e¯Íy Dcnvi †`q Ges Zv msi‣Y
Kivi Rb¨ we‡kl mZK©Zv †`Lvq, Zvn‡j †m †mB e¯ÍywU cªvß Ki‡Z cv‡i|

c„ôv bs-10
 Av`k©MZ fv‡e, cªvß e¯Íy¸wji msi‣Y e¨w³MZ I mvgvwRK gh©v`v mn Kiv DwPZ| GwU
`ye©j I wb®úª‡qvRbxq e¨q bv K‡i Ges gvbweK g~j¨ cªwZôv K‡i|
cªvß e¯Íyi †NvlYv:
 cªvß e¯Íyi †NvlYv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡‣c, hv Ab¨‡K e¯ÍywU Dcnvi †Ìqvi ci
cª‡qvRb|
 ‡NvlYv †Ìqv gva¨‡g e¨w³i B”QvgZ e¯ÍywU Ab¨‡K Dcnvi †Ìqv nq| GwU GKwU
cªwZwôZ BmjvwgK cª_v|
 ‡NvlYv †Ìqvi mgq Aek¨B †gŠjev× ev mvwe©Kfv‡e my¯’ n‡Z n‡e| GwU e¯ÍywU myiw‣Z
Ges cªvß Ae¯’vq n‡Z †`Lvq|
GB mgqmxgv msi‣Y I †NvlYvi Rb¨ Aby‡gvw`Z bxwZ Ges Av`k©MZ c×wZi g‡a¨ mwnòyZv
Ges eë¯’vcbv †`Lv hv‡”Q| GB `ywU †gŠwjK g~‡jï mv‡_ cªvß e¯Íyi hZœ †bIqv Ges †NvlYv
†Ìqv GKwU m¤ú~Y© cªwµqv ˆZwi K‡i, hv GKwU b¨vqcivqY, mvgvwRKfv‡e Dchy³ Ges ˆbwZK
`vwqZ¡kxj AvPiY m„wó K‡i|
cªvß e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mÜvb
cªvß e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mÜvb Kiv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡‣c, hv b¨vqcivqYfv‡e Ges Av`k©MZ w`K
†`‡L c~Y© Kiv DwPZ| wbgœwjwLZ welq¸wj cªvß e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mÜv‡b mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i:
1. kni ev m¤úwËi cªkvmwbK Awdm: A‡bK mgq cªvß e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mÜvb Kivi Rb¨ Avcwb
¯’vbxq kn‡ii cªkvmwbK Awd‡m hvÎv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, †hLv‡b m¤úwË msiw‣Z _vK‡Z cv‡i| GB
Awdm¸wj cªvß e¯Íy¸wji gvwj‡Ki Z_¨ mieivn Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

c„ôv bs-11
2. cªwZwôZ mvwf©m I D‡`¨vM: A‡bK mgq cªvß e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mÜv‡b e¨w³MZ mvwf©m ev D‡`¨vM
eënvi Kiv hv‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc, wecYb mvB‡U ev AbjvBb gva¨‡g cªvß e¯Íyi mv‡_
†hvMv‡hvM Kivi †Póv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
3. cyb©wePvi I mnvqZv ms¯’v: GLv‡b A‡bK cyb©wePvi I mnvqZv ms¯’v i‡q‡Q hv nviv‡bv
e¯Íy¸wji gvwj‡Ki mÜv‡b mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB ms¯’v¸wj cªvß e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
K‡i Ges Zv‡ì Z_¨ DbœZgv‡b mieivn Ki‡Z cv‡i|
4. gva¨wgK e¨w³i gva¨‡g: A‡bK mgq Avcwb cªvß e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mÜv‡b mvaviY gvby‡li
gva¨‡gI mvnvh¨ †c‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb g~jf~Z m¤úwË wefvM, †cv÷ Awdm, weµq ev †µZv
†mev, cªwZôvb ga¨‡g Avcbvi mÜvb ïiæ Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
cªvß e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mÜvb GKwU mvgvwRK `vwqZ¡ Ges ˆbwZK KZ©e¨| Avcbvi mÜv‡b mZK© Ges
mZK© _vKv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©, hv‡Z cªvß e¯Íy gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q myiw‣Z Ges cybiæ×vi n‡Z cv‡i|
2.3 ‡g․wjKfv‡e Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘i cÖKvi‡f`
‡gŠwjKfv‡e Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯` Pvi ai‡Yi n‡q _v‡K †hgb-
1. gvwjKvbvwenxb Ae¯’vq cªvß †Kv‡bv e¯Íy| †hgb- UvKv, ¯^Y©, †iŠc¨ ev cY¨mvgMªx|
2. nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv gvbemšÍvb| hv‡K †KD jvjb-cjv‡bi f‡q wKsev m‡›`nhy³ mšÍvb
nIqvq Acgv‡bi f‡q †Kv_vI †d‡j †M‡Q| GiKg gvbemšÍvb‡K †h cv‡e, Zvi `vwqZ¡ n‡e
Zv‡K jvjb-cvjb Kiv|
3. nviv‡bv PZy®ú` Rš`| †hgb- DU, Miæ, QvMj BZ¨vw`|
4. nviv‡bv Lv`¨RvZxq e¯Íy| hv iv¯Ívq ev †Kv_vI Kywo‡q cvIqv hvq|
‡h e¨w³ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³i gvjvgvj Kywo‡q cvq Ges gvwjK‡K †diZ `v‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ wb‡Ri
ZË¡veav‡b iv‡L Zvn‡j D×viKvixi Ici wb‡gœv³ `vwqZ¡¸‡jv Av‡ivwcZ n‡e,

c„ôv bs-12
● D×viKvixi `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q cªK„Z gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q Kyov‡bv e¯Íy †cŠu‡Q †`qvi Rb¨ h‡_vchy³ mgq
ch©šÍ †NvlYv w`‡Z _vKv|
● cªvß `ªe¨ m¤ú‡K© h‡_vchy³ hZœ MªnY Kiv D×viKvixi KZ©e¨| Aek¨ hyw³m½Z hZœ †bqvi
ciI `ª‡eï †Kv‡bv ¶wZ n‡j G Rb¨ Zv‡K `vqx Kiv hv‡e bv|
● cªvß e¯Íy AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e hLb D×viKvix G g‡g© mv¶x ivL‡e †h, †m †ndvRZ Kiv
Ges gvwjK‡K wdwi‡q †`qvi Rb¨ Zv DwV‡q wb‡”Q|
● hw` e¯ÍywUi g~j¨ Kg nq Zvn‡j wKQyw`b †NvlYv †`‡e| c¶všÍ‡i †ewk n‡j GK eQi †NvlYv
†`‡e| Avi gvwjK‡K Lyu‡R cvIqv bv †M‡j Zv m`Kv K‡i †`‡e|
● D×viKvixi KL‡bvB DwPZ bq cªvß `ªe¨ wb‡Ri cª‡qvR‡b eënvi Kiv| Z‡e hw` wbiæcvq nq
Zvn‡j †m kwiqZ wba©vwiZ cš’vq eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
● wb‡Ri Abyiƒc `ª‡eï m‡½ KL‡bvB Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi wgkªY Kiv D×viKvixi DwPZ bq|
● D×viKvix hw` Av`vj‡Zi wb‡`©k Qvov Zvi i¶Yv‡e‣‡Y A_© e¨q K‡i Zvn‡j †m
†¯^”Qv`vbKvix n‡e|
● cªK„Z gvwjK‡K cvIqvi ci hyw³m½Z cvwikªwgK cªvwßmv‡c‡‣ IB `ªe¨ cªZ¨c©Y KivI
D×viKvixi `vwqZ¡|
● Kywo‡q cvIqv wRwb‡mi hw` †Kv‡bv e„w× ev jvf nq Z‡e ZvI cªK„Z gvwjK‡K cª`vb Ki‡Z
n‡e|
● Kyov‡bv e¯Íy wewµ Kiv n‡j wbR cvIbv ev‡` Aewkó A_© cªK„Z gvwjK‡K w`‡Z n‡e|
(‡n`vqv)

c„ôv bs-13
hw` e¯ÍywUi g~j¨ 10 wìnv‡gi Kg nq, Zvn‡j K‡qKw`b †NvlYv †`‡e (GLv‡b K‡qK w`b A_©
Av`vjZ †h KÕw`b mgxPxb g‡b K‡ib) A_ev e¨w³ Zvi we‡eK Abymv‡i Zv h‡_ó g‡b K‡i|
(`ª. gviwMbvbx, wn`vqv : 2/417|) c‣všÍ‡i 10 wìnvg ev Zvi †ewk n‡j GK eQi †NvlYv
†`‡e| Z‡e Kyov‡bv e¯Íy msµvšÍ †NvlYvwU Ggb ¯’v‡b n‡Z n‡e, †hLv‡b †NvlYv w`‡j Zv gvwj‡Ki
Kv‡Q †cŠuQ‡e e‡j mg~n aviYv nq| we‡kl K‡i †hLv‡b e¯ÍywU Kywo‡q cvIqv wM‡qwQj, †mLv‡b
†NvlYv †`qv DËg| KviY mvaviYZ m¤ú` nviv‡bvi ci m¤ú‡ì gvwjK †mLv‡bB Lyu‡R _v‡K,
†hLv‡b †m Zv nvivq| Zvici gvby‡li mw¤§jb¯’‡j †hgb- evRvi, gmwR‡ì ìRv; hLb gymwjøiv
gmwR` †_‡K †ei nb, Z‡e gmwR‡ì †fZ‡i †NvlYv Kiv êa bq| †Kbbv gmwR` Bev`‡Zi
Rb¨ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q; Kyov‡bv wel‡qi †NvlYvi Rb¨ bq| Avi hw` giæf~wg ev we¯ÍxY© gv‡V †Kv‡bv e¯Íy
cvIqv hvq Z‡e Zv wbKU¯’ †jvKvj‡q cªPvi I †NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e| (Be‡b Ky`vgv : Avj gyMwb)
hw` Kyov‡bv e¯Íy Ggb cªK„wZi nq †h, gvwjK Zv †LvuR Ki‡e bv, †hgb `vbv ev Wvwj‡gi †Lvmv,
Zvn‡j Zv †d‡j †i‡L hvIqv gyevn (‡h KvR diR, nvivg, gvb`ye Ges gvKiƒn bq, Zv‡K gyevn
ev êa e‡j)| GgbwK †NvlYv Kiv QvovB Zv Øviv DcK„Z nIqv êa n‡e|
2.4 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘i wKQz weavb
hw` nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯ÍywUi g~j¨ `k wìnv‡gi Kg nq, Z‡e D×viKvix K‡qKw`b
hveZ †NvlYv †`‡e (GLv‡b K‡qK w`‡bi A_© Av`vjZ †h Kqw`b mgxPxb g‡b K‡i) A_ev
D×viKvix e¨w³ Zvi we‡eK Abymv‡i †h Kqw`b h‡_ó g‡b K‡i|
c‣všÍ‡i, hw` nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯ÍywUi g~j¨ `k wìnv‡gi †ewk nq, Z‡e GK eQi hveZ
†NvlYv w`‡Z n‡e| Z‡e GB †NvlYv Ggb ¯’v‡b n‡Z n‡e, †hLv‡b †NvlYv w`‡j Zv gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q
†cŠuQ‡e e‡j mg~n aviYv Kiv hvq| we‡kl K‡i †hLv‡b e¯ÍywU Kywo‡q cvIqv wM‡qwQj, †mLv‡b
†NvlYv †ÌqvB AwaK DËg| KviY mvaviYZ m¤ú` nviv‡bvi ci m¤ú‡ì gvwjK †mB c‡_B
LyuR‡Z _v‡K, †hLv‡b †m Zv nvwi‡qwQj|

c„ôv bs-14
GQvov gvby‡li mw¤§jb¯’‡j †hgb- evRvi, gmwR‡ì ìRv; hLb gymwjøiv gmwR` †_‡K †ei nb
GmKj mg‡q †NvlYv †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e gmwR‡ì †fZ‡i nviv‡bv wRwb‡mi †NvlYv Kiv
êa bq| †Kbbv gmwR` Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q; nvwi‡q hvIqv e¯Íyi †NvlYvi Rb¨ bq| Avi
hw` giæf~wg ev we¯ÍxY© gv‡V †Kv‡bv e¯Íy Kywo‡q cvIqv hvq, Z‡e wbKU¯’ †Kv‡bv †jvKvj‡q Zvi
†NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e|
hw` nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Ggb cªK„wZi nq †h, gvwjK Zvi mÜvb Ki‡e bv, Z‡e Zv
†d‡j †i‡L hvIqvB DwPZ| Avevi †NvlYv Kiv Qvov wb‡RI Zv Øviv DcK„Z nIqv êa|
2.5 Kzov‡bv e¯‘ †c‡j D×viKvixi `vwqZ¡
‡h e¨w³ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³i nvwi‡q hvIqv gvjvgvj Kywo‡q cvq Ges gvwjK‡K †diZ †Ìqvi
D‡Ï‡k¨ wb‡Ri Avgvb‡Z Mw”QZ iv‡L Z‡e D×viKvix e¨w³i Dci wb‡gœv³ `vwqZ¡¸‡jv Awc©Z
n‡e-
1. D×viKvix e¨w³i `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q, cªK„Z gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy †cŠu‡Q
†Ìqvi Rb¨ h‡_vchy³ mgq ch©šÍ †NvlYv Ki‡Z _vKv|
2. cªvß `ªe¨ m¤ú‡K© h‡_vchy³ hZœMªnY KivI D×viKvix e¨w³i KZ©e¨| Aek¨ hyw³m½Z Dcv‡q
hZœ †bIqvi ciI hw` `ª‡eï †Kv‡bv ‣wZ n‡q hvq, Z‡e Gi Rb¨ D×viKvix‡K `vqx Kiv hv‡e
bv|
3. cªvß e¯Íy D×viKvix e¨w³i wbKU AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e G k‡Z© †h, D×viKvix Zv †ndvRZ
Ki‡e Ges gvwjK‡K wdwi‡q †Ìqvi Rb¨B Zv DwV‡q wb‡”Q|

c„ôv bs-15
4. hw` nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯ÍywUi g~j¨ Aí nq, Zvn‡j D×viKvix wKQyw`b gvwj‡Ki mÜv‡b
†NvlYv †`‡e| c‣všÍ‡i e¯ÍywUi g~j¨ †ewk n‡j GK eQi †NvlYv hveZ †`‡e| Avi gvwjK‡K Lyu‡R
cvIqv bv †M‡j †mB e¯ÍywU gvwj‡Ki bv‡g m`Kv K‡i †`‡e|
5. D×viKvix e¨w³i KLbB DwPZ bq †h, cªvß e¯ÍywU wb‡Ri cª‡qvR‡b eënvi Kiv| Z‡e †m
hw` GKvšÍB wbiæcvq nq Zvn‡j kwiqZ wba©vwiZ cš’vq Zv eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
6. D×viKvix e¨w³i Rb¨ wb‡Ri gvwjKvbvq _vKv Abyiƒc e¯Íyi m‡½ KLbB nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q
cvIqv e¯ÍywUi wgkªY NUv‡bv DwPZ bq|
7. D×viKvix e¨w³ hw` Av`vj‡Zi wb‡`©k Qvov e¯ÍywUi i‣Yv‡e‣‡Y wb‡Ri A_© e¨q K‡i Z‡e
†m †¯^”Qv`vbKvix wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e|
8. cªK„Z gvwj‡Ki mÜvb cvIqvi ci hyw³m½Z cvwikªwgK Gi mv‡c‡‣ H e¯ÍywU cªZ¨c©Y Kiv
D×viKvix e¨w³i `vwqZ¡|
9. Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯ÍywUi Øviv hw` D×viKvix †Kv‡bv e„w× ev jvf cvq Z‡e ZvI cªK„Z gvwjK‡K
cª`vb K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
10. Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy wewµ Kivi ci gvwj‡Ki mÜvb †c‡j wbR cvIbv ev‡` Aewkó A_© cªK„Z
gvwjK‡K w`‡q w`‡Z n‡e|
D×viKvix e¨w³i Avgvb‡Z mZK©Zv
D×viKvix e¨w³i Avgvb‡Z mZK©Zv AZ¨waK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©, GwU we‡klfv‡e hLb nviv‡bv ev Pywi
n‡q‡Q Ggb mg‡q cª‡qvRbxq| D×viKvix e¨w³ †hgb e¨w³i cªvwß cybiæ×vi K‡i, †Zgwb Zv‡ì
AvgvbZ mZK©fv‡e ivL‡ZI `vwqZ¡kxj|

c„ôv bs-16
Avgvb‡Z mZK©Zv wb‡q AbymiY Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KviY¸wj Ggb:
1. e¨w³MZ wRÁvmv Ges Z_¨ hvPvB: D×viKvix e¨w³ hLb nviv‡bv e¯Íy cªvß K‡i, ZLb Zv‡ì
cª_g avc n‡jv †h, Zv mwVKfv‡e cªvßKi‡Yi Rb¨ mwVK ms‡KZ ev cªgvY Av‡Q wK bv|
gvwj‡Ki cªvwßi AvgvbZ wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ e¨w³MZ wRÁvmv Ges Z_¨ hvPvB cª‡qvRbxq|
2. mv¶¨ msi‣Y: D×viKvix e¨w³i Avgvb‡Z mZK©Zv AšÍf©y³ K‡i mv‣¨ Ges cªgvY msi‣Y|
ê`ÿwZb Qwe, e¯Íyi weeiY, gvwj‡Ki mv‣¨ Ges †hme Ab¨vb¨ gva¨‡gi gva¨‡g cªvwß cªgvwYZ
Kiv nq|
3. myi‣vi eë¯’v: †hgb AvgvbZ¸wj Rgvi Rb¨ we‡kl ¯’vb ev eyK¯’vb eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i,
†Zgwb myi‣vi Rb¨ DcvqI wb‡q †h‡Z n‡e| †hgb, e¨w³ gvwj‡Ki mv‣¨ msi‣‡Yi Rb¨
mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Z cv‡i|
4. †hvMv‡hvM Ges mvgvwRK gva¨g eënvi: gvwjK m¤§bœ e¨w³‡K AvgvbZ cª`v‡bi Rb¨
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi Dcvq cª‡qvRb| mwVK †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨g eënvi K‡i AvgvbZ cª`vb Ges
cybiæ×vi cªwµqvwU m¤§bœfv‡e m¤úbœ Kiv nq|
5. b¨vq Ges m¤§vb: AvgvbZ cª`v‡bi cªwµqv m¤úbœ n‡j, gvwj‡Ki hZœ Ges m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ e¨w³
Zv‡ì Av`k© AwaKvix K‡i| GwU fwel¨‡Z AvgvbZ cª`v‡bi Rb¨ AviI my‡hvM ˆZwi Ki‡Z
mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Dc‡i DwjøwLZ mvgwMªK D‡Ï‡k¨, Avgvb‡Z mZK©Zv eRvq ivLv D×viKvix e¨w³i Rb¨ cªv_wgK
Ges ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kvh©|

c„ôv bs-17
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi †¶‡Î KiYxq wK? GB †¶‡Î
Bmjv‡gi wewa weavb wK?
3.1 Bmjv‡g Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î KiYxq wK?
ivmyjyjøvn e‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì †KD hLb †Kv‡bv Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Zy‡j †bq †m †hb Zvi Ici
`yBRb b¨vqcivqY mv‣x iv‡L, Zvici †m †hb Zv †Mvcb bv K‡i, cwieZ©b-cwiea©b bv K‡i,
Zvici hw` Zvi gvwjK Av‡m, Z‡e †m †mUvi AwaKvix| Avi hw` gvwjK bv Av‡m, Z‡e †mUv
Avjøvni m¤ú`, wZwb hv‡K B”Qv Zv `vb K‡ib|Õ (Be‡b wneŸvb : 4894)
Ab¨ nvw`‡m ivmyjyjøvn AviI e‡jb, Ô‡h †KD †Kv‡bv c_nviv cªvYx‡K Avkªq †`‡e, †m wb‡RB åó
†jvK e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e, hZ‣Y bv †m Zv cªPvi K‡i †`q|Õ (gymwjg : 1725)
Bmjvgx kwiq‡Zi cwifvlvq- ÔKyov‡bv e¯Íy ej‡Z †evSvq, Ggb m¤úwË hv Zvi gvwjK †_‡K c‡o
†M‡Q, Avi Ab¨ †KD Zv Kywo‡q wb‡q‡Q| A_ev Ggb e¯Íy hv †Kv‡bv e¨w³ c‡o _vK‡Z †`‡L
Kywo‡q wb‡q‡Q Ges AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e MªnY K‡i‡Q| (dvZûj Kvwì)
Mvwo‡Z Kv‡iv wKQy †c‡j Kx Ki‡eb?
Mvwo Gw•‡W›U n‡j ev jÂ Wye‡j Avgv‡ì †`‡k mvaviYZ hv N‡U Zv n‡jv, ¯^v_©v‡š^lx wKQy †jvK
G‡m gvbyl‡K D×v‡ii cwie‡Z© gvby‡li gvj-mvgvbv Kyov‡Z _v‡K| Mbxg‡Zi gv‡ji g‡Zv me
Kywo‡q wb‡q GKw`‡K †K‡U c‡o| Gme gvbyl Mnbvi †jv‡f Gw•‡W‡›Ui Kvi‡Y i³v³ ‣Z-
we‣Z `ye©j Amnvq †g‡q‡ì Kvb wQo‡ZI KyÉv‡eva K‡i bv|
Zv‡ì A‡b‡K Avevi ìw` †m‡R GwM‡q Av‡m| †gvevBj, UvKv-cqmv hv cvq me nvwZ‡q wb‡q
cvwj‡q hvq| A_P kixq‡Zi `„wó‡Z wb‡R MªnY Kivi wbq‡Z Gme aivB nvivg|

c„ôv bs-18
GQvov Mvwoi hvÎxivI A‡bK mgq Mvwo‡Z A‡bK wKQy †d‡j hvq| †KD QvZv, †KD ev
e¨vM/‡ewbwU e¨vM fy‡j †i‡L hvq| Avevi KL‡bv gvwbe¨vM, †gvevBj BZ¨vwÌ Mvwo‡Z c‡o hvq|
†Zv Gme‡‣‡Î gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q ev gvwj‡Ki MvwW©qv‡bi Kv‡Q †cŠuQv‡bvi wbq‡Z Gme gvj DVv‡j
†mUv êa n‡e, G‡‣‡Î welqUv wbf©i‡hvM¨ KvD‡K Rvwb‡q ivL‡e †h Avwg GB ai‡Yi GB
cwigvb gvj †c‡qwQ ev Kywo‡qwQ, hv‡Z Kv‡iv m‡›`n Aewkó bv _v‡K|
‡h KvD‡K welqUv Ly‡j ej‡e bv, G‡Z †Kvb fyqv `vwe`vi gvj ch©šÍ P‡j Avm‡Z cv‡i| Gici
G gvj †_‡K `vqgy³ n‡Z kixq‡Zi `„wó‡Z wKQy cªwµqv Aej¤^‡bi cª‡qvRb nq| †hgb, cª_‡gB
IB gvj‡K Zvi gvwj‡Ki wbKU †cŠuQv‡bvi Rb¨ mvwe©K eë¯’v wb‡Z nq| G D‡Ï‡k¨ wRwbmwUi
gvb Abyhvqx †gvUv‡gvwU ev e¨vcK †NvlYvi eë¯’v Ki‡Z nq| G `vwqZ¡ †h Kyov‡jv †m wb‡RI
wb‡Z cv‡i, A_ev wbf©i‡hvM¨ KvD‡K `vwqZ¡ w`‡qI G KvR Kiv‡bv hvq| †hgb _vbvq wRwW K‡i
me gvj Zv‡ì `vwq‡Z¡ w`‡q †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i| A_ev †h †KvP †_‡K gvj cvIqv †M‡Q Zv‡ì
†Kw›`ªq KvD›Uv‡i Zv Rgv K‡i w`‡q MYgva¨‡g Zv‡ì wVKvbv cªPvi K‡i w`‡j mn‡RB D³ gvj
Zvi gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q †cŠu‡Q hv‡e|
gv‡ji `vwqZ¡kxj gv‡ji gvb Abycv‡Z GK eQi A_©vr ÔLvRbv Abyhvqx evRbvÕ wn‡m‡e wb‡Ri
Kv‡Q †ndvRZ Ki‡e| hw` KL‡bv Ggb nq †h Kyov‡bv gvj n‡jv `ªæZ cuPbkxj †Kvb wRwbm,
†hgb dj, djvw` Zv gvwj‡Ki cªwZ mIqve †cŠuQv‡bvi wbq‡Z Mixe‡K `vb K‡i w`‡e| wb‡R
Mixe n‡j wb‡RI wb‡Z cvi‡e|
gv‡ji msi‣Y I cªPviYv LiP cªkvm‡bi AbygwZ wb‡q Ki‡e, Ges G LiP gv‡ji gvwjK enb
Ki‡e| Zv‡K KL‡bv bv cvIqv †M‡j D³ gvj wewµ K‡i cªkvmb msi‣YKvixi LiP cwi‡kva
Ki‡e| Avi hw` cªkvm‡bi AbygwZ QvovB G gv‡ji msi‣Y I cªPviYv eve` LiP K‡i _v‡K
Zvn‡j D³ LiP Zvi wb‡Ri c‣ †_‡K gvwj‡Ki cªwZ `qv wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡e, cªkvmb †_‡K
ev H gvj wewµ K‡i Zvi LiP D×vi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|

c„ôv bs-19
Gfv‡e cªPviYvi ciI hw` gvwj‡Ki mÜvb bv wg‡j Zvn‡j †hgbwU ejv n‡jv, gvwj‡Ki cªwZ
mIqve †cŠuQv‡bvi wbq‡Z Mixe‡K `vb K‡i w`‡e| wb‡R Mixe n‡j wb‡RI wb‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e
Gfv‡e `vb K‡i †Ìqvi c‡i hw` gv‡ji gvwjK G‡m gvj Zvjvk K‡i Zvn‡j Zv‡K `v‡bi K_v
e‡j eywS‡q w`‡e| gvb‡Z bv PvB‡j Zv‡K ‣wZc~iY hZUyKy w`‡q m¤¢e mš`ó Ki‡Z n‡e;
cª‡qvR‡b m¤ú~Y© gv‡ji wewbgq Av`vq K‡i n‡jI| c~‡e©i `vb ZLb wb‡Ri c‣ †_‡K we‡ewPZ
n‡e| m~Î : gymbv‡` Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j 4/161, Avj evniæi iv‡qK 5/260|
Zvdwmi : Bgvg KyiZywe (in.) G Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi wel‡q we¯ÍvwiZ weavb
Zy‡j a‡i‡Qb| Gi Py¤^K Ask n‡jv, Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z mvaviY gvby‡li Rvbgv‡ji msi‣Y
miKv‡ii cvkvcvwk bvMwi‡Ki `vwqZ¡|
iv¯ÍvNv‡Ui †h‡Kv‡bv cªwZeÜKZv `~i K‡i cw_K‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kiv ïay miKv‡ii `vwqZ¡ bq,
bvMwiK wn‡m‡e GwU mevi ˆbwZK I mvgvwRK `vwqZ¡| c‡_-Nv‡U gvbyl‡K evav †Ìqv, †Kv‡bv
wKQy †d‡j cw_K‡ì Pjvi c‡_ weNœ m„wó Kivi weiæ‡× nvw`m kwi‡d K‡Vvi ûuwkqvwi D”PviY
Kiv n‡q‡Q| G bxwZi Av‡jv‡K Bmjv‡gi weavb n‡jv, Kv‡iv nviv‡bv A_©-m¤ú` cvIqv †M‡j Zv
hZœ mnKv‡i msi‣Y K‡i gvwjK‡K Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z n‡e| mÜvb cvIqv †M‡j gvwjK‡K hvPvB-
evQvB †k‡l Zvi gvj †diZ w`‡Z n‡e|
m‡šÍvlRbK †LvuRvLyuwRi ci gvwj‡Ki mÜvb bv wgj‡j cªvcK wbt¯^ I `wi`ª gvbyl n‡j wb‡RB
†fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Ab¨_vq dwKi-wgmwKb‡ì g‡a¨ Zv `vb K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| Dfq †‣‡ÎB
cªK„Z gvwj‡Ki c‡‣ Zv `vb e‡j MY¨ n‡e| gvwjKB Gi mIqve cv‡e|
ivmyjyjøvn (mv.) Bikv` K‡ib, Ô‡Zvgv‡ì †KD hw` †Kv‡bv Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Zy‡j †bq, †m †hb
G wel‡q `yRb b¨vqcivqY mv‣x iv‡L| †m †hb welqwU †Mvcb bv iv‡L, cwieZ©b-cwiea©b bv
K‡i| Gici hw` gvwjK G‡m hvq, Zvn‡j †m-B †mUvi AwaKvix| Avi hw` gvwjK bv Av‡m,
Zvn‡j †mUv Avjøvni m¤ú`, wZwb hv‡K B”Qv Zv `vb K‡ib|Õ (Be‡b wneŸvb, nvw`m : 4894)

c„ôv bs-20
Ab¨ nvw`‡m ivmyjyjøvn (mv.) Bikv` K‡ib, Ô‡h e¨w³ †Kv‡bv c_nviv cªvYx‡K Avkªq †`q, †m hw`
welqwU †Mvcb iv‡L (cªvYxwUi gvwjK e‡b hvq), Zvn‡j †m wb‡RB åó †jvK e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e|
‡Kv‡bv wKQy Kywo‡q †c‡j D×viKvixi `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q cªK„Z gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q Kyov‡bv e¯Íy †cŠu‡Q
†Ìqvi eë¯’v Kiv| cvIqv e¯Íyi h_vh_ hZœ Kiv| h_vh_ hZœ †bIqvi ciI IB e¯Íyi †Kv‡bv
‣wZ n‡j G Rb¨ Zv‡K `vqx Kiv hv‡e bv| Avi cªvß e¯Íy Zvi Kv‡Q AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e|
IB e¯Íy Zy‡j †bIqvi mgq `yRb b¨vqcivqY e¨w³‡K mv‣x wn‡m‡e ivL‡e| IB e¯Íyi g~j¨ hw` 10
wìnv‡gi Kg nq, Zvn‡j wKQyw`b wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Gi †NvlYv †`‡e| c‣všÍ‡i hw` 10 wìnv‡gi
†ewk nq, Zvn‡j GK eQi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b †NvlYv †`‡e| gvwjK‡K Lyu‡R cvIqv bv †M‡j Zv m`Kv
K‡i †`‡e| cªvß e¯Íyi D×viKvixi KL‡bvB DwPZ bq IB e¯Íy wb‡Ri cª‡qvR‡b eënvi Kiv|
D×viKvix hw` Av`vj‡Zi wb‡`©k Qvov †Kv‡bv e¯Íy ev cªvYxi i‣Yv‡e‣‡Y A_© e¨q K‡i, Zvn‡j
†m †¯^”Qv`vbKvix e‡j MY¨ n‡e| Kywo‡q cvIqv wRwb‡mi hw` †Kv‡bv e„w× ev jvf nq, Zvn‡j
Zv-I cªK„Z gvwjK‡K w`‡q w`‡Z n‡e| Avi Av`vjZ ev mvwj‡mi wb‡`©kbv †gvZv‡eK Kyov‡bv
e¯Íy ev cªvYxi †cQ‡b A_© e¨q Ki‡j, wewµ Kivi ci wbR cvIbv ev‡` Aewkó A_© cªK„Z
gvwjK‡K w`‡q †`‡e| (‡n`vqv : 2/417; Kvbhy` `vKv‡qK : c„ôv-393)|
3.2 Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯‘ eënv‡ii weavb
gmwR‡` nviv‡bv Ry‡Zv: †Kvb e¨w³ gmwR‡` bvgvR †kl K‡i hw` Zvi RyZv bv cvq Ges Zvi
cwie‡Z© Ab¨ e¨w³i RyZv e‡• cvq, Zvn‡j †m wK GB RyZv eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e?
B”QvK„Z Giƒc RyZv cwieZ©b Kiv Kweiv ¸bvn| Z‡e hw` wb‡Ri RyZv bv cvIqv hvq Ges RyZv
K‡qKw`b c‡o _v‡K; hv GLb †d‡j †`qv Qvov †Kvb Dcvq _v‡K bv, Zvn‡j Ggb RyZv covi
AeKvk Av‡Q|-dvZvIqv‡q kvwg : 6/446, evniæi iv‡qK : 5/256, AvjgwMwi :2/289,
cvZûj Kvwì : 5/349
Mv‡Qi wb‡P c‡o _vKv dj: †Kvb Mv‡Qi wb‡P c‡o _vKv dj Kywo‡q LvIqv êa wK?

c„ôv bs-21
bv, Mv‡Qi wb‡P c‡o _vKv dj gvwj‡Ki AbygwZ Qvov KvIqv êa n‡e bv| hw` AbygwZ _v‡K
Zvn‡j LvIqv êa| PvB AbygwZ cªZ¨‣fv‡e _vKyK ev c‡iv‣fv‡e|-iÏyj gynZvi : 6/444,
dvZvIqv‡q wnw›`qv 5/393, dvZvIqv‡q wnw›`qv gvRgvDj Avbûi : 2/256, dvZvIqv‡q
gvngyw`qv : 23/379
b`x‡Z †f‡m Avmv jvKwo eënvi: b`x‡Z †f‡m Avmv djg~j ev R¡vjvwb jvKwo, KvV BZ¨vw`
Kywo‡q eënvi Kiv hv‡e wK?
b`x‡Z †f‡m Avmv djg~j ev R¡vjvwb jvKwo, KvV BZ¨vw` hw` Ggb †QvU nq hvi †Zgb †Kv‡bv
g~j¨ †bB Ges gvwjKI LyuR‡Z Avm‡e bv, Zvn‡j †m¸‡jv Rgv K‡i eënvi Kiv hv‡e|
Ggwbfv‡e †f‡m Avmv djg~j ev R¡vjvwb jvKwo, KvV BZ¨vw` hZ †ewkB †nvK bv †Kb Zv
AvUwK‡q eënvi Kiv hv‡e| †Kbbv Zv AvUKv‡bv bv n‡j bó n‡q hv‡e|-dvZvIqv‡q wnw›`qv :
5/340
‡f‡m Avmv cvU eënvi: el©vKv‡j b`x‡Z †f‡m Avmv cv‡Ui RvM AvU‡K wb‡Ri Kv‡R eënvi
Ki‡Z cvi‡e wK?
bv, el©vKv‡j b`x‡Z cv‡Ui RvM †f‡m Av‡m Zvn‡j Zv †KD AvUwK‡q wb‡Ri Kv‡R eënvi
Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| KviY cvU g~jëvb wRwbm Ges GwUi Rb¨ gvwjK †LvuRvLyuwR Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
g~jëvb wRwbm Kywo‡q cvIqvi ci Zv eënv‡i wbqg wbgœiƒc : g~jëvb wRwbm Kywo‡q cvIqvi ci
g‡bi mskq `~i nIqv ch©šÍ †NvlYv Ki‡e| Gici hw` `„p wek¦vm nq gvwjK Zv Avi LyuR‡Z
Avm‡e bv, Zvn‡j Zv Mwie‡ì gv‡S m`Kv K‡i w`‡e| wb‡R Mwie n‡j cª‡qvR‡b wb‡RI
eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Z‡e hw` †Kvb mgq gvwjK G‡m Lyu‡R Zvn‡j Zv‡K wdwi‡q w`‡Z n‡e|
gvj we`¨gvb bv _vK‡j Gi g~j¨ †diZ w`‡Z n‡e|-dvZvIqv‡q wnw›`qv : 6/444, dvZvIqv‡q
iwnwgqv :9/193

c„ôv bs-22
QvÎ‡ì †d‡j ivLv wRwbm eënvi: gvìvmi evwl©K cix‣vi ci QvÎiv A‡bK e¯Íy †ndvRZ bv
K‡i evwo‡Z P‡j hvq| H mg¯Í e¯Íy eënvi Kiv hv‡e wK bv?
wdK¡vnkvm&‡Îi wbf©i‡hvM¨ wKZvevw` Aa¨q‡b cªgvwYZ nq, †h mg¯Í e¯Íy Kywo‡q cvIqv hvq Zv `yB
ai‡bi nq|
cª_g cªKvi Kyov‡bv e¯ÍywU Ggb, hv mvaviYZ gvbyl Zvjvk K‡i bv| GUvi ûKyg n‡jv,
Kyov‡bIqvjv eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
wØZxq cªKvi Kyov‡bv e¯ÍywU Ggb, hv mvaviYZ gvbyl Zvjvk K‡i| GB cªKv‡ii ûKyg n‡jv,
Kywo‡q †c‡jv †m Zv msi‣Y K‡i G cwigvY mgq ch©šÍ †NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e †h, Gici gvwjK‡K
cvIqvi Avkv _v‡K bv|
hw` gvwjK‡K bv cvIqv hvq Ges †h Kywo‡q †c‡q‡Q †m wb‡R gyLv‡c‣x nq, Zvn‡j †m wb‡R
eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Avi †m abx n‡j, gvwj‡Ki bv‡g m`Kv K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Ges ciZeZ©x‡Z
gvwjK G‡m `vwe Ki‡j Zv‡K D³ e¯Íy †diZ w`‡Z n‡e|-dvZvIqv‡q AvjgwMwi- 2/299-300,
Avj-gywn‡Z eyinvwb- 8/866, dvZvIqv‡q wmivwRqv- 241

c„ôv bs-23
3.3 Kzwo‡q cvIqvi e¯‘i e¨vcv‡i Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbv
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy AvgvbZ| Zv hw` G‡Zv ‣y`ª nq, hv gvbyl mvaviYZ †LvuR K‡i bv Ges wd‡i
cvIqvi wPšÍv K‡i bv, Zvn‡j Mixe‡K mv`vKv K‡i w`‡e| c‣všÍ‡i Zv hw` g~jëvb nq, Zvn‡j
Zv gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q †cŠu‡Q †Ìqvi me©vZ¥K †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| cªvwß¯’vb, gmwR‡ì mvg‡b, evRvi,
†÷kb, Pv-Kwdi †`vKvb I Ab¨vb¨ RbmgvMg ¯’j; †hLv‡b †NvlYv w`‡j gvwj‡Ki mÜvb cvIqv
hv‡e e‡j g‡b nq, †mLv‡b †NvlYv w`‡e| eZ©gvb hvgvbvq cÎ-cwÎKv I mvgvwRK †hvMv‡hvM
gva¨‡gI cªPvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
gvwjK‡K cvIqv †M‡j Zvi Kv‡Q n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡e| Ab¨_vq Zvi Iqvwik‡ì Kv‡Q n¯ÍvšÍi Ki‡e|
h‡_ó cwigvY †LvuRvLyuwR I cªPvi Kivi ciI hw` gvwjK bv cvIqv hvq Ges cvIqv hv‡e bv e‡j
cªej aviYv nq (cvIqv wRwb‡mi aib, cwigvY I g~j¨gvb Abyhvqx G mgqwU Kg †ek n‡Z
cv‡i), Zvn‡j K‡qKwU AeKvk Av‡Q|
GK. Zv wb‡Ri Kv‡Q AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e †i‡L w`‡Z cv‡i, hv‡Z †Kv‡bv mgq gvwjK cvIqv †M‡j
wdwi‡q †Ìqv hvq|
`yB. g~j gvwj‡Ki c‣ †_‡K hvKvZ Mªn‡Yi Dchy³ †Kv‡bv Mixe‡K mv`vKv K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i,
hv‡Z g~j gvwjK Zvi m¤ú` wd‡i bv †c‡jI `v‡bi mIqve †c‡q hvb|
wZb. cªvcK hvKvZ Mªn‡Yi Dchy³ n‡j †m wb‡RI Zv eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Mixe AvZ¥xq-
¯^Rb‡KI w`‡Z cvi‡e|
Pvi. gymwjg‡ì RbKj¨vYg~jK †Kv‡bv Kv‡RI e¨q Ki‡Z cvi‡e| PvB‡j wRnv‡ì c‡_I
mv`vKv Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

c„ôv bs-24
Z‡e me©ve¯’vq cieZ©x‡Z KL‡bv g~j gvwjK ev Zvi Iqvwik‡ì Kv‡iv nw`m cvIqv †M‡j Zv‡K
Rvbv‡Z n‡e †h, Zv‡ì cvIqv e¯Íy ev A_© mv`vKv Kiv n‡q‡Q ev †fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| hw` Zviv
Zv‡Z mš`ó _v‡Kb †Zv fv‡jv, Ab¨_vq Zv‡ì‡K Gi g~j¨ w`‡q w`‡Z n‡e| cªvcK `v‡bi mIqve
†c‡q hv‡eb|
Bgvg eyLvix (in) eY©bv K‡ib,
ÒBe‡b gvmD` ivw`qvjøvû Avbû GKwU euvw` Lwi` Ki‡jb| (gvwjK g~j¨ bv wb‡qB P‡j †Mj)|
wZwb GK eQi ch©šÍ Zv‡K †LvuR Ki‡jb, wKš` mÜvb †c‡jb bv| AÁvZB †_‡K †M‡jv| ZLb
wZwb GK wìnvg `yB wìnvg K‡i `vb Ki‡Z jvM‡jb Avi ej‡Z _vK‡jb, Ô‡n Avjøvn! (G
`vb) Agy‡Ki c‣ †_‡K| hw` †m (‡Kv‡bv mgq) G‡m c‡o (Ges g~j¨ wb‡Z Pvq) Zvn‡j `v‡bi
mIqve Avwg cv‡ev, Avi g~j¨ cwi‡kv‡ai `vwqZ¡ AvgviB _vK‡eÕ| wZwb e‡jb, ÔKywo‡q cvIqv
gv‡ji e¨vcv‡iI †Zvgiv GgbwUB Ki‡eÕ| Be‡b AveŸvm ivw`qvjøvû AvbûI Ggb K_v e‡j‡Qb|Ó
-mnxn eyLvix, wKZveyZ ZvjvK, eve: ûKgyj gvdKy` wd Avnwjwn Iqv gvwjwn Avey gynv¤§v`
Avãyjøvn Avjgvnw` (Dwdqv Avbû) 07-05-1444 wn. 02-11-2022 C.

c„ôv bs-25
PZz_© Aa¨vq
Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘: Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbv Gi we¯ÍvwiZ
ch©v‡jvPbv
4.1 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘i Bmjvgx weavb
Bqvnqv Be‡b BqvBqv Zvwggx (ivnt) hvq` Be‡b Lvwj` Rynvbx (ivwht) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb
e‡jb, GK e¨w³ bex Gi Kv‡Q G‡m Zuv‡K nviv‡bv e¯Íy cªvwß m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kij| ZLb wZwb
ej‡jbt Zywg Zvi _‡j Ges Zvi euvab fvj K‡i wP‡b ivL‡e| Zvici GK eQi ch©šÍ Gi †NvlYv
†`‡e| GB mg‡qi g‡a¨ hw` Gi gvwjK Av‡m (Z‡e Zv‡K Zv w`‡q w`‡e) Ab¨_v Zv †Zvgvi
BLwZqvify³|
Zvici †m nviv‡bv QvMj m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Ki‡jv| wZwb ej‡jbt Zv †Zvgvi Rb¨ A_ev †Zvgvi
fvB‡qi Rb¨ A_ev †bK‡oi Rb¨| AZci †m nviv‡bv DU m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Ki‡jv| wZwb
ej‡jbt G wb‡q †Zvgvi fvebv Kx? Zvi mv‡_ Av‡Q cvwbi gkK (‡c‡Ui g‡a¨ cvwb avi‡Yi
_‡j) Ges Zvi RyZv (RyZvi gZ cv‡qi cvZv giæf~wg‡Z Pjvi Dc‡hvMx)| †m wb‡RB cvwbi Nv‡U
hv‡e Ges Mv‡Qi cvZv Lv‡e hZ‣Y bv gvwjK Zv‡K †c‡q hvq| Bqvnqv (ivnt) e‡jbt Avgvi
g‡b nq Avwg c‡owQ| nv`xm bs 4349|
Bqvnqv Be‡b AvBq¨ye, KyZvqev I Be‡b ûRi (ivnt) hvq` Be‡b Lvwj` Rynvbx (ivwht) †_‡K
ewY©Z †h, GK e¨w³ ivm~jyjøvn †K nviv‡bv e¯Íy cªvwß m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kij| wZwb ej‡jbt Zywg
GK eQi ch©šÍ Zvi †NvlYv w`‡e Ges Zywg _wj I euvab wP‡b ivL‡e| Zvic‡i Zywg Zv LiP
Ki‡Z cvi| Avi hw` Zvi cªK„Z gvwjK Av‡m, Z‡e Zv‡K Zv Av`vq K‡i w`‡e|
Zvici †m ej‡jv, Bqv ivmyjvjøvn! nviv‡bv eKwii (Kx ûKyg)? wZwb ej‡jb, Zv Zywg wb‡q ivL|
†Kbbv, GwU Zywg wb‡e wKsev †Zvgvi fvB wb‡e wKsev †bK‡o wb‡q hv‡e| Zvici †m ej‡jv, Bqv
ivmyjvjøvn! Z‡e hw` nviv‡bv DU nq? eY©bvKvix e‡jbt ZLb ivm~jyjøvn ivMvw¤^Z n‡jb, GgbwK
Zuvi Dfq MÐ jvj n‡q †Mj| (A_ev ivex e‡j‡Qbt Zvi †Pnviv jvj n‡q †Mj|) Zvici wZwb

c„ôv bs-26
ej‡jbt Zv‡K wb‡q †Zvgvi fvebv Kx? Zvi mv‡_ Av‡Q Zvi Ry‡Zv Avi cvwbi gkK; hZ‣Y bv
Zvi gvwjK Zv‡K †c‡q hvq| nv`xm bs- 4350|
Avey Zvwni (ivnt) ivexÕAvn Be‡b Avey Avãyi ingvb (ivnt) †_‡K GKB m~‡Î gv‡jK (ivwht)
Gi nv`x‡mi Abyiƒc nv`xm eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb AwaK eY©bv K‡i‡Qb †h, GK e¨w³ ivm~jyjøvn
Gi wbKU Gj ZLb Avwg Zvi m‡½ wQjvg| †m ivm~jyjøvn †K nviv‡bv e¯Íy cªvwß m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv
Ki‡jv| eY©bvKvix e‡jb, Avgi (ivnt) Zuvi ewY©Z nv`x‡m e‡j‡Qb †h, hLb Gi †Kvb `vex`vi
bv Av‡m ZLb Zv LiP K‡i †`‡e| nv`xm bs: 4351|
Avngv` Be‡b Dmgvb Be‡b nvKxg AvI`x (ivnt) hvq` Be‡b Lv‡j` Rynvbx (ivwht) †_‡K
ewY©Z †h, GK e¨w³ ivm~jyjøvn Gi wbKU Gj AZtci wZwb BmgvCj Be‡b RvÕdi (ivwht) Gi
Abyiƒc nv`xm eY©bv K‡ib| wKš` wZwb GI e‡j‡Qb, ″ZLb Zuvi cweÎ gyLgÐj I jjvU jvj n‡q
†Mj Ges wZwb ivMvwš^Z n‡jb|″ ÕAvi Zv GK eQi †NvlYv Ki‡e|Õ Gici Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, hw`
Gi gvwjK bv Av‡m, Z‡e Zv †Zvgvi wbKU AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e|
Avãyjøvn Be‡b gvmjvgv (ivnt) Kvbve (ivnt) ivm~jyjøvn Gi mvnvex hvq` Be‡b Lvwj` Rynvbx
(ivwht) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyjøvn †K †mvbvi A_ev iƒcvi nviv‡bv e¯Íy cªvwß m¤ú‡K©
wRÁvmv Kiv nj| wZwb ej‡jbt Zywg Gi eÜb I _‡j wP‡b ivL‡e; Zvici GK eQi ch©šÍ Gi
†NvlYv w`‡e| GiciI hw` Zywg gvwj‡Ki mÜvb bv cvI, Z‡e Zv Zywg LiP Ki‡Z cvi| wKš` Zv
†Zvgvi wbKU AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e| hw` Kvj cªev‡ni †Kvb w`b Gi `vex`vi Av‡m Z‡e Zv
Zywg Zv‡K w`‡q w`‡e| nv`xm bs: 4353
Zvici †m nviv‡bv DU m¤ú‡K© Zuv‡K wRÁvmv Kij| wZwb ej‡jbt G‡Z †Zvgvi Kx? Zywg Zv‡K
†Q‡o `vI| †Kbbv Zvi mv‡_ Zvi RyZv Av‡Q Ges cvwb msi‣‡Yi _‡j Av‡Q| †m wb‡RB cvwbi
Nv‡U †h‡Z cv‡i Ges MvQcvjv †L‡Z cv‡i| Ae‡k‡l GKw`b Zvi gwbe Zv‡K †c‡q hv‡e|
Zvici †m eKwi m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Ki‡jv| wZwb ej‡jbt Zywg †mwU wb‡q hvI| †Kbbv, Zv Zywg
wb‡e A_ev †Zvgvi fvB wb‡e A_ev †bK‡o wb‡q hv‡e| nv`xm bs: 4353

c„ôv bs-27
BmnvK Be‡b gbmyi (ivnt) hvq` Be‡b Lvwj` Rynvbx (ivwht) †_‡K ewY©Z †h, GK e¨w³ bex
†K nviv‡bv DU m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kij| ivexAv (ivnt) AwaK eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, ÕwZwb G‡Z GZ
ivMvw¤^Z n‡jb †h, Zuvi MÐØq jvj n‡q †MjÓ| Zvici Aewkó nv`xm DwjøwLZ eY©bvKvix‡`i
Abyiƒc eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb Av‡iv eY©bv K‡ib †h, Zvici hw` Gi gvwjK Av‡m Ges Zvi _‡j
Ges (gy`ªvi) msL¨v I eÜb mwVK fv‡e wPb‡Z cv‡i, (eY©bv w`‡Z cv‡i) Z‡e Zv‡K Zv w`‡q
w`‡e| Ab¨_vq Zv †ZvgviB| nv`xm bs: 4354
Avey Zvwni Avngv` Be‡b Avgi Be‡b mvin (ivnt) hvq` Be‡b Lvwj` Rynvbx (ivwht) †_‡K
ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, ivm~jyjøvn †K nviv‡bv e¯Íy cªvwß m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv Kiv nj| wZwb ej‡jb, Zv
Zywg GK eQi ch©šÍ cªPvi Ki‡e| Gi g‡a¨ hw` †mwU (gvwj‡Ki) mÜvb bv cvIqv hvq Z‡e Zywg
Gi _‡j I eÜb wP‡b ivL‡e| Zvici Zywg Zv †L‡Z cvi‡e| Zvici hw` Zvi gvwjK Av‡m, Z‡e
Zv Zv‡K w`‡q w`‡e| nv`xm bs: 4355
4356| BmnvK Be‡b gvbmyi (ivnt) hvnnvK Be‡b Dmgvb (ivnt) †_‡K GB GKB m~‡Î eY©bv
K‡ib| Avi wZwb Zuvi nv`x‡m e‡j‡Qb †h, hw` Zv wPbv hvq, (mÜvb cvIqv hvq) Z‡e Zv‡K Zv
w`‡q †`‡e| Ab¨_vq Zywg Zvi _‡j, Zvi eÜb, Zvi AveiY I (gy`ªvi) msL¨v wP‡b ivL‡e|
nv`xm bs: 4356
gynv¤§v` Be‡b evkkvi I Avey eKi Be‡b bvwdÕ (ivnt) myIqvq` Be‡b Mvdjv (ivnt) †_‡K
ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, Avwg Ges hvq` Be‡b mynvb I mvjgvb Be‡b ivexAv hy‡× †ei njvg| Avwg
GKwU Qwo †c‡q Zv DwV‡q wbjvg| ZLb Avgvi m½xØq Avgv‡K ej‡jb, Zywg Zv †i‡L `vI|
Avwg ejjvg, bv eis Avwg GwUi †NvlYv Kie| hw` GwUi gvwjK Av‡m †Zv fvj, Ab¨_vq Avwg
GwU wb‡q e¨envi Kie| wZwb e‡jb, Avwg Df‡qi K_v cªZ¨vL¨vb Kijvg| Zvici hLb Avgiv
hy× †_‡K wd‡i Gjvg, ZLb GK mgq, Avgvi n‡¾ hvIqvi my‡hvM Gj| ZLb Avwg g`xbvq

c„ôv bs-28
†Mjvg Ges DevB Be‡b KvÕe (ivwht) Gi m‡½ mv‣vZ Kijvg| Avwg Qwoi NUbv Ges m½xØ‡qi
K_v Zv‡K ejjvg| nv`xm bs: 4357
wZwb ej‡jb, Avwg ivm~jyjøvn Gi hvgvbvq GKwU _‡j †c‡qwQjvg| Zv‡Z GKk `xbvi wQj| Avwg
†mwU wb‡q ivm~jyjøvn Gi wbKU Gjvg| wZwb ej‡jbt Zywg Zv GK eQi ch©šÍ †NvlYv †`‡e|
eY©bvKvix ej‡jb, Avwg Zvi †NvlYv w`jvg, wKš` Zv wP‡b wb‡Z cv‡i Ggb KvD‡K †cjvg bv|
c‡i Avwg Zvi Kv‡Q Gjvg, ZLb wZwb ej‡jbt (Av‡iv) GK eQi ch©šÍ cªPvi Ki| ZviciI
Avwg Zvi †Kvb `vex`vi †Mjvg bv| Zvici Avevi Avwg Zvi Kv‡Q Gjvg| ZLb wZwb ej‡jbt
(Av‡iv) GK eQi Zvi †NvlYv `vI| ZviciI Avwg KvD‡K †mwUi `vex`vi †cjvg bv|
wZwb ej‡jbt Zywg GwUi msL¨v, _‡j I Zvi eÜb (¯§i‡Y) msi‣Y K‡i ivL‡e| hw` Gi gvwjK
Av‡m, (Z‡e fvj|) Ab¨_v Zywg Zv †fvM Ki‡e| Zvici Zv Avwg †fvM Kijvg| wZwb e‡jb,
c‡i Avwg Zvi (mvjvgv-i) m‡½ mv‣vZ Kijvg| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, Avgvi †Lqvj †bB †h,
wZwb wK wZb eQ‡ii K_v e‡jwQ‡jb, bv wK GK eQ‡ii| nv`xm bs: 4357
Avãyi ingvb Be‡b weki Avãx (ivnt) myIqvq` Be‡b Mvdjv (ivwht) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb,
GK`v Avwg hvq` Be‡b †mvnvb Ges mvjgvb Be‡b ivexAv Gi mv‡_ †ei njvg| Ges Avwg GKwU
Qwo †cjvg| Zvici wZwb DwjøwLZ nv`x‡mi Abyiƒc ...... ″(Zv Avwg †fvM Kijvg)″ ch©šÍ eY©bv
K‡ib| ïÕev (ivwht) e‡jb, c‡i Avwg Zuv‡K `k eQi ci ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h, wZwb Dnv GK eQi
ch©šÍ †NvlYv K‡iwQ‡jb| nv`xm bs: 4358
KyZvqev Be‡b mvC`, Avey eKi Be‡b Avwe kvCev, Be‡b bygvBi gynv¤§v` Be‡b nv‡Zg I Avãyi
ingvb Be‡b weki (ivnt) mK‡jB mvjvgv Be‡b KynvBj (ivnt) †_‡K GKB m~‡Î ïev (ivwht)
Gi nv`x‡mi Abyiƒc eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| nv¤§v` Be‡b mvjvgv e¨ZxZ DwjøwLZ mK‡ji ewY©Z
nv`x‡mB ″wZb eQi″ K_vwU D‡jøL Av‡Q| nv¤§v‡`i nv`x‡m Av‡Q `yB eQi wKsev wZb eQi|
Avi mywdqvb, hvq` Be‡b Avey Dbvqmv I nv¤§v` Be‡b mvjvgv (ivnt) Gi nv`x‡m i‡q‡Q, ″hw`
†Kvb e¨w³ Gici Av‡m Ges Zvi MYbv, (_‡j) I Zvi eÜ‡bi eY©bv w`‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e Zv‡K Zv

c„ôv bs-29
w`‡q w`‡e|″ Avi mywdqvb (ivnt) IqvKx (ivnt) KZ©…K ewY©Z nv`x‡m GKUy AwZwi³ eY©bv
K‡i‡Qb, Ab¨_v Zv †Zvgvi gv‡ji gZB| Avi Be‡b bygvBi (ivnt) Gi eY©bvq ″Ab¨_v Zywg Zv
eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e″ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| nv`xm bs: 4359
Avey Zvwni I BDb~m Be‡b Avãyj AvÕjv (ivnt) Avãyi ingvb Be‡b Dmgvb Zvqgx (ivwht) †_‡K
ewY©Z †h, ivm~jyjøvn nvRx‡ì nviv‡bv e¯Íy Zy‡j wb‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb| nv`xm bs: 4360|
Avey Zvwni I BDbym Be‡b Avãyj Avjv (ivnt) hvq` Be‡b Lvwj` Rynvbx (ivwht) m~‡Î ivm~jyjøvn
†_‡K ewY©Z †h, wZwb e‡j‡Qbt †h e¨w³ nviv‡bv e¯Íy DwV‡q ivLj †m hw` Zv cªPvi bv K‡i Z‡e
†m c_nviv| nv`xm bs: 4361|
Bqvnqv Be‡b Bqvnqv Zvgxgx (ivnt) Be‡b Dgi (ivwht) †_‡K ewY©Z †h, ivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qbt
†KD †hb †Kvb e¨w³i cïi `ya Zvi AbygwZ e¨ZxZ †`vnb bv K‡i| †Zvgv‡ì †KD wK Bnv
cQ›` Ki‡e †h, †KD Zvi cª‡Kv‡ô (wP‡j †KvVvq) Xy‡K co‡e, Zvici Ab¨ †KD Zvi fvÐvi
†f‡½ Lv`¨ mvgMªx †ei K‡i wb‡q hv‡e? (Ggwbfv‡e) Zv‡ì cï¸‡jvi ¯Íb †Zv Zv‡ì Zv‡ì
Lv`¨ mvgMªx mÂq K‡i| myZivs, †KD †hb Kv‡iv cïi `y» gvwj‡Ki AbygwZ e¨ZxZ †`vnb bv
K‡i| nv`xm bs: 4362|
KyZvqev Be‡b mvC` gynv¤§v` Be‡b iægn Avey eKi Be‡b Avwe kvCev, Be‡b b~gvBi, Avey ivwe,
Avey Kvwgj, hynvBi Be‡b nvie, Be‡b Avey Dgi I gynv¤§v` Be‡b ivwd (ivnt) ......... mK‡jB
Be‡b Dgi (ivwht) Gi m~‡Î bex †_‡K gv‡jK (ivwht) Gi nv`x‡mi Abyiƒc eY©bv K‡ib| wKš`
jvBm Be‡b mvÕ` (ivnt) e¨ZxZ mK‡ji wiIqvqv‡Z (Qwo‡q wQwU‡q †djv n‡e) i‡q‡Q- Avi
jvC‡mi eY©bvq Ges ÒZvi Lv`¨ mvgMªx ¯’vbvšÍi K‡i wb‡q hvqÓ AskwU gvwjK (ivwht) Gi eY©bvi
Abyiƒc ewY©Z i‡q‡Q| nv`xm bs: 4363

c„ôv bs-30
KyZvqev Be‡b mvC` (ivnt) Avey ïivBn Avèx (ivwht) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, Avgvi `yÕ
Kvb ï‡b‡Q Ges `yÕ †PvL †`‡L‡Q, hLb ivm~jyjøvn K_v ejwQ‡jb| wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, †h e¨w³
Avjøvn Ges †kl w`‡b wek¦vm iv‡L †m †hb DËgiƒ‡c Zvi †gngv‡bi DËg mgv`vi K‡i| ZLb
mvnvexMY ej‡jb, Bqv ivmyjvjøvn DËg mgv`vi gv‡b Kx? ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, Zvi GKw`b I
GK ivZ (we‡kl †gngvb`vix)| Avi (mvaviYfv‡e) †gngvb`vixi mgqKvj wZb w`b| Gi
PvB‡Z †ekx w`b †gngvb`vix Kiv, Zvi Rb¨ mv`&Kv ¯îƒc| wZwb Av‡iv e‡j‡Qbt †h e¨w³ Avjøvn
I †kl w`‡b wek¦vm iv‡L, †m †hb DËg K_v e‡j A_ev bxie _v‡K| nv`xm bs: 4364|
Avey KyivBe gynv¤§v` Be‡b Avjv (ivnt) Avey ïivBn LyhvC (ivwht) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb,
ivm~jyjøvn e‡j‡Qbt †gngvb`vix wZb w`b Ges DËgiƒ‡c †gngvb`vix GKw`b I GKivwÎ †Kvb
gymjgvb e¨w³i Rb¨ êa bq †h †m Zvi fvB Gi wbKU Ae¯’vb K‡i Zv‡K cv‡c wbcwZZ
Ki‡e| ZLb Zviv ej‡jb, Bqv ivmyjvjøvn! wKfv‡e †m Zv‡K cv‡c wbcwZZ Ki‡e? wZwb
ej‡jb, †m (‡gngvb) Zvi wbKU (Ggb `xN© mgq) Ae¯’vb Ki‡e, A_P Zvi (‡ghev‡bi) wbKU
Ggb wKQy †bB, hØviv G †m Zvi †gngvb`vix Ki‡e| nv`xm bs: 4365
gynv¤§v` Be‡b gymvbœv (ivnt) Avey ïivqn LyhvC (ivwht) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, Avgvi `yÕ Kvb
ï‡b‡Q, Avgvi `yÕ P‣y †`‡L‡Q Ges Avgvi AšÍi ¯§iY †i‡L‡Q, hLb ivm~jyjøvn G K_v
e‡jwQ‡jb| Zvici jvBm Gi nv`x‡mi Abyiƒc eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡Z wZwb D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb,
Kv‡iv R‡b¨ êa bq, Zvi fvB Gi wbKU ZZw`b Ae¯’vb Kiv, hv‡Z †m Zv‡K cv‡c wbcwZZ
K‡i| evKx Ask IqvKx Gi ewY©Z nv`x‡mi Abyiƒc| nv`xm bs: 4366|
KyZvBev Be‡b mvC` I gynv¤§v` Be‡b iægn (ivnt) Df‡q DKev Be‡b Avwgi (ivwht) †_‡K
ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, Avgiv ejjvg Bqv ivmyjvjøvn! Avcwb Avgv‡ì (wewfbœ ¯’v‡b) †cªiY K‡ib|
Avgiv Ggb GK m¤úª`v‡qi Kv‡Q DcbxZ nB; hviv Avgv‡ì †gngvb`vix K‡i bv| G m¤ú‡K©
Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib| ivm~jyjøvn Avgv‡ì ej‡jbt hw` †Zvgiv †Kvb m¤úª`v‡qi Kv‡Q DcbxZ
nI, Avi Zviv †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ Ggb me Avmeve cÎ cª`vb Kivi ûKyg K‡i hv †gngvb`vixi Rb¨

c„ôv bs-31
mgxPxb, Z‡e †Zvgiv Zv MªnY Ki‡e| Avi hw` Zviv Zv bv K‡i Z‡e †Zvgiv Zv‡ì †_‡K
†gngvb`vixi nK Av`vq K‡i †b‡e, hv Zv‡ì KiYxq| nv`xm bs: 4367
kvqevb Be‡b dviiæL (ivnt) Avey mvC` Lyìx (ivwht) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, GK`v Avgiv
bex Gi m‡½ GK md‡i wQjvg| G mgq GK e¨w³ mIqvix‡Z Av‡ivnY K‡i Zvi Kv‡Q G‡jv
Ges Wv‡b-ev‡g ZvKv‡Z jvM‡jv| ZLb ivm~jyjøvn ej‡jb, hvi Kv‡Q cwiåg‡Yi †Kvb AwZwi³
hvbevnb _v‡K, †m †hb Zv w`‡q Zv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i, hvi †Kvb hvbevnb †bB| Avi hvi Kv‡Q
AwZwi³ cv‡_q (Lv`¨ mvgMªx) _v‡K; †m †hb Zv w`‡q Zv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i hvi cv‡_q (Lv`¨
mvgMªx) †bB| Zvici wZwb wewfbœ cªKvi m¤ú‡ì Giƒc eY©bv w`‡jb| GgbwK Avgv‡ì aviYv
nj †h, AwZwi³ m¤ú‡ì g‡a¨ Avgv‡ì Kv‡iv †Kvb AwaKvi †bB| nv`xm bs: 4368|
Bmjvgx wbq‡g iv¯Ívq UvKv †c‡j KiYxq wK?
Bmjvgx wbq‡g iv¯Ívq UvKv †c‡j- iv¯Ívq UvKv-cqmv cvIqv †M‡j †LvuRv LyuwRi ciI gvwj‡Ki
mÜvb bv †c‡j wK Kiv hvq| G e¨vcv‡i A‡b‡KB e‡j _v‡Kb IB UvKv gmwR‡` w`‡q †Ìqv
hvq|
wKš` weÁ Av‡jgiv ej‡Qb, iv¯Ív-Nv‡U cvIqv UvKv-cqmvi †‣‡Î kixq‡Zi weavb nj, hw`
UvKvi cwigvY GZ Kg nq †h, gvwjK Zv AbymÜvb Ki‡e bv e‡j g‡b nq Z‡e †Kv‡bv dKxi‡K
Zv m`Kv K‡i w`‡e|
Avi hw` A‡bK UvKv ev g~jëvb †Kv‡bv e¯Íy cvIqv hvq Ges gvwjK Gi †Lvu‡R _vK‡e e‡j g‡b
nq Zvn‡j H ¯’vb I Avkcvk Ges wbKUeZ©x Rb-mgvM‡gi ¯’v‡b
(h_v gmwR‡ì mvg‡b, evRv‡i, †÷k‡b BZ¨vw`‡Z) cªvwßi †NvlYv w`‡Z _vK‡e Ges cªK„Z
gvwjK †c‡j Zvi Kv‡Q n¯ÍvšÍi K‡i w`‡e|

c„ôv bs-32
wKš` GiciI hw` gvwjK bv cvIqv hvq Ges gvwj‡Ki mÜvb cvIqv hv‡e bv e‡j cªej aviYv nq
Zvn‡j Zv †Kv‡bv Mixe-wgmKxb‡K m`Kv K‡i w`‡e| cªvcK `wi`ª n‡j †m wb‡RI Zv †i‡L w`‡Z
cvi‡e|
Avi Kywo‡q cvIqv UvKv gmwR‡` †Ìqv hv‡e bv| †KD gmwR‡` w`‡q w`‡Z ej‡j †mUv wVK
bq|
m~Î: dvZvIqv wnw›`qv 2/289; AvÏyiiæj gyLZvi 4/278; dvZûj Kv`xi 2/208; AvjgynxZyj
eyinvbx 8/171
nRiZ ivmyjyjøvn mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvjøvg- Gi Avgj †_‡K hZUyK †evS hvq, Zv n‡jv cyiæ‡li
Rb¨ ïay iæcvi AvswU eënvi Kiv Rv‡qR| Z‡e †Kv‡bv KviY Qvov AvswU bv civB fv‡jv|
KviY Avgv‡ì gnvbex (mv.) cª‡qvR‡bi _vKvq AvswU eënvi K‡i‡Qb|
cª‡qvRb m„wó nIqvi AvM ch©šÍ wZwb †Kv‡bv AvswU eënvi K‡ibwb| ZvB †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv Zv‡eC
†_‡K ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, †KejgvÎ wZb †kªwYi gvbylB AvswU cwiavb Ki‡e| GK. ivRv-ev`kv|
`yB.wePiK| wZb. †eKyd| †eKyd ej‡Z †mB e¨w³‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q †h webv cª‡qvR‡b AvswU
eënvi K‡i| (dZIqv‡q kvgx)
nRiZ ivmyjyjøvn mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg wcZj Ges †jvnvi AvswU eënvi Ki‡Z wb‡la
K‡i‡Qb| (Avey `vD`) Z‡e †jvnvi Dci hw` iæcvi cvZ †gvov‡bv _v‡K Zvn‡j †mUv eënvi
Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
D‡jøL¨, GB weavb bvix-cyiæl Df‡qi Rb¨B| (dZIqv‡q kvgx)
cyiæ‡li Rb¨ wbqg n‡jv AvswUi AjswKZ w`KwU wfZ‡ii w`‡K ivL‡Z n‡e| Z‡e †g‡qiv
evB‡ii w`‡KI ivL‡Z cvi‡e| (dZIqv‡q kvgx)
cyiæ‡li Rb¨ iæcvi ˆZwi AvswU Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv AvswU eënvi Kiv Rv‡qR †bB| Z‡e B”Qv
Ki‡j iæcvi AvswU‡Z cv_i wKsev KvP ¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡i| (`yi‡i gyLZvi)

c„ôv bs-33
Aek¨ iæcvi AvswUi †‣‡ÎI ivmyjyjøvn mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg kZ© w`‡q‡Qb, Zv n‡jv
AvswU mv‡o Pvi gvkvi PvB‡Z IR‡b Kg n‡Z n‡e| (Avey `vD`) Avi GUvB nvbvwd dwKnM‡Yi
gZ| (wgiKvZ)
Kzwo‡q cvIqv ¯^‡Y©i `y‡ji †ÿ‡Î KiYxq
Kywo‡q cvIqv ¯^‡Y© `y‡ji †‣‡Î KiYxq:
G †‣‡Î ivmyj mv. Gi wb‡gœv³ `ywU nv`xm
♦ ivmyjyjøvn (mv.) e‡jb, Ô‡Zvgv‡ì †KD hLb †Kv‡bv Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Kywo‡q †bq †m †hb Zvi
Ici `yRb b¨vqcivqY mv‣x iv‡L, Zvici †m †hb Zv †Mvcb bv K‡i, cwieZ©b-cwiea©b bv
K‡i, Zvici hw` Zvi gvwjK Av‡m, Z‡e †m †mUvi AwaKvix, Avi hw` bv Av‡m, Z‡e †mUv
Avjøvni m¤ú`, wZwb hv‡K B”Qv Zv `vb K‡ib|Õ (Be‡b wneŸvb : 4894)|
♦ hvB` Beby Lvwj` Avj-Rynvbx (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z Av‡Q, †Kvb nviv‡bv wRwbm cªvwß cªm‡½
ivm~jyjøvn mvjøvjøvû AvjvBwn Iqvmvjøvg‡K cªkœ Kiv n‡j wZwb ej‡jbt
ÒGK eQi bv nIqv ch©šÍ Gi †NvlYv w`‡Z _vK| hw` mbv³Kvix †Kvb †jvK cvIqv hvq Zvn‡j
Zv‡K Zv wdiZ `vI| Gi e¨wZµg n‡j Zywg Gi _‡j I _‡ji eÜbx mwVKfv‡e wP‡b ivL Ges
Gi ga¨Kvi wRwbm MYbv Kivi ci Kv‡R eënvi Ki| Zvici gvwjK G‡m †M‡j GUv Zv‡K
wdwi‡q wÌ|Ó (mnxn, Beby gvRvn (2507), bvmvC)
‡gvUK_v ¯^Y©vj¼vi ev g~jëvb e¯Íy, UvKv-cqmv BZ¨vw` wRwbm Kywo‡q †c‡j Dc‡iv³
wewaweavb¸‡jv †g‡b Pjv Avek¨K| Avjøvn ZvIwdK `vbKvix| Avjøvû Avjvg|

c„ôv bs-34
4.2 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘ †bIqv hv‡e wKbv, G e¨vcv‡i Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbv
Kywo‡q cvIqv m¤ú`‡K Aviwe‡Z '‡jvKZv' ev '‡jvKvZv' e‡j| ivmyjyjøvn (mv.) e‡jb,
'‡Zvgv‡ì †KD hLb †Kv‡bv Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Kywo‡q †bq †m †hb Zvi Ici `yBRb b¨vqcivqY
mv‣x iv‡L, Zvici †m †hb Zv †Mvcb bv K‡i, cwieZ©b-cwiea©b bv K‡i, Zvici hw` Zvi
gvwjK Av‡m, Z‡e †m †mUvi AwaKvix, Avi hw` bv Av‡m, Z‡e †mUv Avjøvni m¤ú`, wZwb hv‡K
B”Qv Zv `vb K‡ib|' (Be‡b wneŸvb : 4894)| Ab¨ nvw`‡m ivmyjyjøvn (mv.) AviI e‡jb, '‡h
†KD †Kv‡bv c_nviv cªvYx‡K Avkªq †`‡e, †m wb‡RB åó †jvK e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡e, hZ‣Y bv †m
Zv cªPvi K‡i †`q|' (gymwjg : 1725)| Bmjvgx kwiq‡Zi cwifvlvq- 'Kyov‡bv e¯Íy' ej‡Z
†evSvq, Ggb m¤úwË hv Zvi gvwjK †_‡K c‡o †M‡Q, Avi Ab¨ †KD Zv Kywo‡q wb‡q‡Q| A_ev
Ggb e¯Íy hv †Kv‡bv e¨w³ c‡o _vK‡Z †`‡L Kywo‡q wb‡q‡Q Ges AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e MªnY K‡i‡Q|
(dvZûj Kvwì)| †gŠwjKfv‡e Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Pvi ai‡bi- 1. gvwjKvbvwenxb Ae¯’vq cªvß
†Kv‡bv e¯Íy- ¯^Y©, †iŠc¨ I mvgMªx| 2. Kywo‡q cvIqv gvbemšÍvb| hv‡K mvaviYZ †KD LvIqv-civ
†`qvi f‡q wKsev m‡›`nhy³ mšÍvb nIqvq Acgv‡bi f‡q †Kv_vI †d‡j †M‡Q, †mUv †h cv‡e †m
Zv‡K jvjb-cvjb Ki‡e| 3. PZy®ú` Rš`, †hgb- DU, Miæ, QvMj BZ¨vw`| 4. Lv`¨RwbZ e¯Íy,
hv iv¯Ívq cvIqv hv‡e| †h e¨w³ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³i gvjvgvj Kywo‡q cvq Ges gvwjK‡K †diZ
`v‡bi D‡Ï‡k wb‡Ri ZË¡veav‡b iv‡L Zvn‡j D×viKvixi Ici wb‡gœv³ `vwqZ¡¸‡jv Av‡ivwcZ
n‡e- 1. D×viKvixi `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q cªK„Z gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q Kyov‡bv e¯Íy †cŠu‡Q †`qvi Rb¨ h‡_vchy³
mgq ch©šÍ †NvlYv w`‡Z _vKv| 2. cªvß `ªe¨ m¤ú‡K© h‡_vchy³ hZœ MªnY Kiv D×viKvixi KZ©e¨|
Aek¨ hyw³m½Z hZœ †bqvi ciI `ª‡eï †Kv‡bv ‣wZ n‡j G Rb¨ Zv‡K `vqx Kiv hv‡e bv| 3.
cªvß e¯Íy AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e hLb D×viKvix G g‡g© mv‣x ivL‡e †h, †m †ndvRZ Kiv Ges
gvwjK‡K wdwi‡q †`qvi Rb¨ Zv DwV‡q wb‡”Q| 4. hw` e¯ÍywUi g~j¨ Kg nq Zvn‡j wKQyw`b
†NvlYv †`‡e| c‣všÍ‡i †ewk n‡j GK eQi †NvlYv †`‡e| Avi gvwjK‡K Lyu‡R cvIqv bv †M‡j Zv
m`Kv K‡i †`‡e| 5. D×viKvixi KL‡bvB DwPZ bq cªvß `ªe¨ wb‡Ri cª‡qvR‡b eënvi Kiv|
Z‡e hw` wbiæcvq nq Zvn‡j †m kwiqZ wba©vwiZ cš’vq eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 6. wb‡Ri Abyiƒc
`ª‡eï m‡½ KL‡bvB Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi m‡½ wgkªY Kiv D×viKvixi DwPZ bq| 7. D×viKvix
hw` Av`vj‡Zi wb‡`©k Qvov Zvi i‣Yv‡e‣‡Y A_© e¨q K‡i Zvn‡j †m †¯^”Qv`vbKvix n‡e| 8.
cªK„Z gvwjK‡K cvIqvi ci hyw³m½Z cvwikªwgK cªvwßmv‡c‡‣ IB `ªe¨ cªZ¨c©Y KivI

c„ôv bs-35
D×viKvixi `vwqZ¡| 9. Kywo‡q cvIqv wRwb‡mi hw` †Kv‡bv e„w× ev jvf nq Z‡e ZvI cªK„Z
gvwjK‡K cª`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| 10. Kyov‡bv e¯Íy wewµ Kiv n‡j wbR cvIbv ev‡` Aewkó A_© cªK„Z
gvwjK‡K w`‡Z n‡e| (‡n`vqv)| hw` e¯ÍywUi g~j¨ 10 wìnv‡gi Kg nq, Zvn‡j K‡qKw`b
†NvlYv †`‡e (GLv‡b K‡qK w`b A_© Av`vjZ †h K'w`b mgxPxb g‡b K‡ib) A_ev e¨w³ Zvi
we‡eK Abymv‡i Zv h‡_ó g‡b K‡i| (`ª. gviwMbvbx, wn`vqv : 2/417|) c‣všÍ‡i 10 wìnvg ev
Zvi †ewk n‡j GK eQi †NvlYv †`‡e| Z‡e Kyov‡bv e¯Íy msµvšÍ †NvlYvwU Ggb ¯’v‡b n‡Z n‡e,
†hLv‡b †NvlYv w`‡j Zv gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q †cŠuQ‡e e‡j mg~n aviYv nq| we‡kl K‡i †hLv‡b e¯ÍywU
Kywo‡q cvIqv wM‡qwQj, †mLv‡b †NvlYv †`qv DËg| KviY mvaviYZ m¤ú` nviv‡bvi ci m¤ú‡ì
gvwjK †mLv‡bB Lyu‡R _v‡K, †hLv‡b †m Zv nvivq| Zvici gvby‡li mw¤§jb¯’‡j †hgb- evRvi,
gmwR‡ì ìRv; hLb gymwjøiv gmwR` †_‡K †ei nb, Z‡e gmwR‡ì †fZ‡i †NvlYv Kiv êa
bq| †Kbbv gmwR` Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q; Kyov‡bv wel‡qi †NvlYvi Rb¨ bq| Avi hw`
giæf~wg ev we¯ÍxY© gv‡V †Kv‡bv e¯Íy cvIqv hvq Z‡e Zv wbKU¯’ †jvKvj‡q cªPvi I †NvlYv Ki‡Z
n‡e| (Be‡b Ky`vgv : Avj gyMwb)| hw` Kyov‡bv e¯Íy Ggb cªK„wZi nq †h, gvwjK Zv †LvuR Ki‡e
bv, †hgb `vbv ev Wvwj‡gi †Lvmv (pomegranate skins), Zvn‡j Zv †d‡j †i‡L hvIqv gyevn
(‡h KvR diR, nvivg, gvb`ye Ges gvKiƒn bq, Zv‡K gyevn ev êa e‡j)| GgbwK †NvlYv Kiv
QvovB Zv Øviv DcK„Z nIqv êa n‡e| Gi mc‡‣ nvw`‡m G‡m‡Q, Avbvm (iv.) e‡jb,
'ivmyjyjøvn (mv.) c_ w`‡q hvIqvi mgq GKwU †LRyi †`L‡Z †c‡jb, wZwb ej‡jb, hw` m`Kvi
†LRyi nIqvi m¤¢vebv bv _vKZ, Z‡e Avwg Aek¨B Zv f‣Y KiZvg|' (‡evLvwi : 2431)| wKš`
hw` Zv bó n‡q hvIqvi g‡Zv bv nq, Zvn‡j Zv gvwj‡Ki gvwjKvbvq envj _vK‡e| †Kbbv
AÁvZ e¨w³i c‣ †_‡K gvwjKvbv cª`v‡bi êaZv †bB| (‡n`vqv)|
Kywo‡q cvIqv wRwbm †bIqv hv‡e bv| Bmjvgx kwiq‡Zi cwifvlvq, 'Kyov‡bv e¯Íy' ej‡Z †evSvq,
Ggb m¤úwË hv Zvi gvwjK †_‡K c‡o †M‡Q, Avi Ab¨ †KD Zv Kywo‡q wb‡q‡Q| A_ev Ggb e¯Íy
hv †Kv‡bv e¨w³ c‡o _vK‡Z †`‡L Kywo‡q wb‡q‡Q Ges AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e MªnY K‡i‡Q| ivmyjyjøvn
(mvt) e‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì †KD hLb †Kv‡bv Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Kywo‡q †bq †m †hb Zvi Ici `yBRb
b¨vqcivqY mv‣x iv‡L, Zvici †m †hb Zv †Mvcb bv K‡i, cwieZ©b-cwiea©b bv K‡i, Zvici
hw` Zvi gvwjK Av‡m, Z‡e †m †mUvi AwaKvix, Avi hw` bv Av‡m, Z‡e †mUv Avjøvni m¤ú`,

c„ôv bs-36
wZwb hv‡K B”Qv Zv `vb K‡ib| (Be‡b wneŸvbt 4894)| †h e¨w³ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv e¨w³i gvjvgvj
Kywo‡q cvq Ges gvwjK‡K †diZ `v‡bi D‡Ï‡k wb‡Ri ZË¡veav‡b iv‡L Zvn‡j D×viKvixi
Ici wb‡gœv³ `vwqZ¡¸‡jv Av‡ivwcZ n‡e| 1. D×viKvixi `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q cªK„Z gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q
Kyov‡bv e¯Íy †cŠu‡Q †`qvi Rb¨ h‡_vchy³ mgq ch©šÍ †NvlYv w`‡Z _vKv| 2. cªvß `ªe¨ m¤ú‡K©
h‡_vchy³ hZœ MªnY Kiv D×viKvixi KZ©e¨| Aek¨ hyw³m½Z hZœ †bqvi ciI `ª‡eï †Kv‡bv
‣wZ n‡j G Rb¨ Zv‡K `vqx Kiv hv‡e bv| 3. cªvß e¯Íy AvgvbZ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e hLb D×viKvix
G g‡g© mv‣x ivL‡e †h, †m †ndvRZ Kiv Ges gvwjK‡K wdwi‡q †`qvi Rb¨ Zv DwV‡q wb‡”Q| 4.
hw` e¯ÍywUi g~j¨ Kg nq Zvn‡j wKQyw`b †NvlYv †`‡e| c‣všÍ‡i †ewk n‡j GK eQi †NvlYv
†`‡e| Avi gvwjK‡K Lyu‡R cvIqv bv †M‡j Zv m`Kv K‡i †`‡e| 5. D×viKvixi KL‡bvB DwPZ
bq cªvß `ªe¨ wb‡Ri cª‡qvR‡b eënvi Kiv| Z‡e hw` wbiæcvq nq Zvn‡j †m kwiqZ wba©vwiZ
cš’vq eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 6. wb‡Ri Abyiƒc `ª‡eï m‡½ KL‡bvB Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi m‡½
wgkªY Kiv D×viKvixi DwPZ bq| 7. D×viKvix hw` Av`vj‡Zi wb‡`©k Qvov Zvi i‣Yv‡e‣‡Y
A_© e¨q K‡i Zvn‡j †m †¯^”Qv`vbKvix n‡e| 8. cªK„Z gvwjK‡K cvIqvi ci hyw³m½Z
cvwikªwgK cªvwßmv‡c‡‣ IB `ªe¨ cªZ¨c©Y KivI D×viKvixi `vwqZ¡| 9. Kywo‡q cvIqv wRwb‡mi
hw` †Kv‡bv e„w× ev jvf nq Z‡e ZvI cªK„Z gvwjK‡K cª`vb Ki‡Z n‡e| 10. Kyov‡bv e¯Íy wewµ
Kiv n‡j wbR cvIbv ev‡` Aewkó A_© cªK„Z gvwjK‡K w`‡Z n‡e| (‡n`vqv)| hw` e¯ÍywUi g~j¨
10 wìnv‡gi Kg nq, Zvn‡j K‡qKw`b †NvlYv †`‡e (GLv‡b K‡qK w`b A_© Av`vjZ †h Kq
w`b mgxPxb g‡b K‡ib) A_ev e¨w³ Zvi we‡eK Abymv‡i Zv h‡_ó g‡b K‡i| (gviwMbvbx,
wn`vqvt 2/417|) c‣všÍ‡i 10 wìnvg ev Zvi †ewk n‡j GK eQi †NvlYv †`‡e| Z‡e Kyov‡bv
e¯Íy msµvšÍ †NvlYvwU Ggb ¯’v‡b n‡Z n‡e, †hLv‡b †NvlYv w`‡j Zv gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q †cŠuQ‡e e‡j
mg~n aviYv nq| we‡kl K‡i †hLv‡b e¯ÍywU Kywo‡q cvIqv wM‡qwQj, †mLv‡b †NvlYv †`qv DËg|
KviY mvaviYZ m¤ú` nviv‡bvi ci m¤ú‡ì gvwjK †mLv‡bB Lyu‡R _v‡K, †hLv‡b †m Zv nvivq|
Zvici gvby‡li mw¤§jb¯’‡j †hgb, evRvi, gmwR‡ì ìRv; hLb gymwjøiv gmwR` †_‡K †ei nb,
Z‡e gmwR‡ì †fZ‡i †NvlYv Kiv êa bq| †Kbbv gmwR` Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ ˆZwi n‡q‡Q; Kyov‡bv
wel‡qi †NvlYvi Rb¨ bq| Avi hw` giæf~wg ev we¯ÍxY© gv‡V †Kv‡bv e¯Íy cvIqv hvq Z‡e Zv wbKU¯’
†jvKvj‡q cªPvi I †NvlYv Ki‡Z n‡e|

c„ôv bs-37
nR †gŠmy‡g g°v-gw`bvq jvL jvL gvby‡li mgvMg nq| cªPÐ wf‡oi g‡a¨ gymwjøiv A‡bK
¸iæZ¡c~Y© wRwbm nvwi‡q †d‡jb| Avevi Abïv Zv Kywo‡q cvb| cªkœ n‡jv, g°v-gw`bvq †Kv‡bv
wKQy Kywo‡q †c‡j e¨w³ Kx Ki‡e?
mvaviY weavb : †Kv‡bv wKQy Kywo‡q †c‡j Zv gvwj‡Ki nv‡Z †cŠu‡Q †Ìqv gywg‡bi `vwqZ¡| PvB
g°v-gw`bvq †nvK ev Gi evB‡i †nvK| hw` gvwjK Lyu‡R cvIqvi m¤¢vebv bv _v‡K, Z‡e m`Kv
K‡i †Ìqv DËg| Avi e¨w³ wb‡R wbt¯^ n‡j Zv †fvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e| nRiZ ivmyjyjøvn (mv.)
e‡jb, Ô‡Zvgv‡ì †KD hw` †Kv‡bv Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Zy‡j †bq, †m †hb G wel‡q `yRb
b¨vqcivqY mv‣x iv‡L| †m †hb welqwU †Mvcb bv iv‡L, cwieZ©b-cwiea©b bv K‡i| Gici hw`
gvwjK G‡m hvq, Zvn‡j †m-B †mUvi AwaKvix| Avi hw` gvwjK bv Av‡m, Zvn‡j †mUv Avjøvni
m¤ú`, wZwb hv‡K B”Qv Zv `vb K‡ib|Õ Be‡b wneŸvb : 4894
g°vi weavb wfbœ †hLv‡b : c„w_exi Ab¨¯’vb †_‡K g°vq Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi weavb wKQyUv wfbœ|
†Kbbv nRiZ ivmyjyjøvn (mv.) e‡j‡Qb, ÔAvjøvn g°vq n¯Íx evwnbx‡K cª‡ek Ki‡Z †`bwb Ges
wZwb Zvi ivmyj I gywgb ev›`v‡ì g°vi Ici AvwacZ¨ `vb K‡i‡Qb| Avgvi Av‡M Ab¨ KviI
Rb¨ g°vq hy× Kiv êa wQj bv, Z‡e Avgvi c‡‣ w`‡bi mvgvb¨ mg‡qi Rb¨ êa Kiv n‡qwQj,
Avi Zv Avgvi ciI KviI Rb¨ êa n‡e bv| Kv‡RB GLvbKvi wkKvi Zvov‡bv hv‡e bv,
GLvbKvi MvQ KvUv I Dcov‡bv hv‡e bv, †NvlYvKvix e¨w³ Qvov GLvbKvi c‡o _vKv wRwbm
Zy‡j †bIqv hv‡e bv|Õ mwnn †evLvwi : 2434
Bgvg bewe (in.) ewY©Z nvw`‡mi Av‡jv‡K e‡jb, g°vq c‡o _vKv e¯Íy Ggb e¨w³i Rb¨ Kywo‡q
†bIqv êa n‡e bv, hv GK eQi †NvlYv †Ìqvi ci Zvi gvwjK nIqvi B”Qv iv‡L| †Kbbv g°vq
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy KL‡bv nvjvj nq bv| kvqLyj Bmjvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv (in.)-Gi KviY e¨vL¨v
K‡i e‡jb, g°vq wewfbœ †`‡ki gvbyl mg‡eZ nq| myZivs Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy m¤ú‡K© wRÁvmv
Kiv e¨w³i Rb¨ m¤¢e n‡e bv; wKš` Ab¨ ¯’v‡bi welq¸‡jv wfbœ| Rv`yj gvqv` : 3/398
g°vq wKQy †c‡j KiYxq : kvqL Ave`yjøvn web evR (in.) g°vq Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy‡K `yB fv‡M
fvM K‡i‡Qb|

c„ôv bs-38
K. Ggb Aíg~‡jï e¯Íy, hv gvbyl mvaviYZ †Lvu‡R bv Ges hvi we‡kl †Kv‡bv ¸iæZ¡ †bB| Ggb
e¯Íyi weavb Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡bi weav‡bi g‡ZvB n‡e| A_©vr mvaviY AbymÜv‡bi ci e¨w³ Zv `vb K‡i
†`‡e| Avi Amnvq n‡j wb‡Ri Rb¨ LiP Ki‡e|
L. 50 wiqvj ev Zvi †P‡q †ewk g~‡jï e¯Íy cvIqv †M‡j Zv nvw`‡m DwjøwLZ weav‡bi AšÍf©y³
n‡e| A_©vr e¨w³ Zv AbymÜvb Ki‡Z _vK‡e, `vb ev †fvM Ki‡e bv| gvRgyD dvZvIqv :
19/441
gw`bvq wKQy †c‡j KiYxq : LwZe wkiwewb (in.) e‡jb, †ewki fvM Av‡j‡gi g‡Z, gw`bvq
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi weavb c„w_exi Ab¨me kn‡ii g‡ZvB| ïay g°vi weavbB wfbœ| Avj BKbv :
2/375
mn‡R `vqgyw³i Dcvq : eZ©gv‡b g°v I gw`bvq Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Rgv †Ìqvi Awdm i‡q‡Q|
†hLvb †_‡K gvwjK Dchy³ cªgvY †`wL‡q nvwi‡q hvIqv e¯Íy MªnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| myZivs g°v-
gw`bvq †Kv‡bv e¯Íy Kywo‡q †c‡j Zv wba©vwiZ Awd‡m Rgv w`‡j e¨w³ mn‡RB `vqgy³ n‡q hv‡e|
dvZvIqv byi : 2/16
4.3 Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi †g․wjK AwaKvi Ges `vwqZ¡¡
D×viKvix e¨w³i `vwqZ¡
D×viKvix e¨w³i `vwqZ¡ n‡jv nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cov e¯Íyi gvwj‡Ki mÜvb Ges Zv cybiæ×vi
Kivi Rb¨ mKj AvcvZZv Ges †hvM¨Zv mnKv‡i KvR Kiv| GB `vwqZ¡ mvgvwRK Ges ˆbwZK
cªwZe×Zvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Ges GwU hZœ Ges m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ wb®úbœ n‡Z n‡e|
D×viKvix e¨w³i `vwq‡Z¡i KvR¸wj wbgœwjwLZ n‡Z cv‡i:
1. Z_¨ msMªn I msi‣Y: D×viKvix e¨w³MY nviv‡bv e¯Íyi m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ msMªn K‡i Ges Zv
wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b msi‣Y K‡i| Z‡_ï g‡a¨ e¯Íyi weeiY, Qwe, gvwj‡Ki Z_¨, AvcvZZv msµvšÍ Z_¨
BZ¨vw` _vK‡Z cv‡i|

c„ôv bs-39
2. mwVK mÜvb c×wZ: D×viKvix e¨w³ DwPZ cªwµqv eënvi K‡i hv‡Z nviv‡bv e¯Íy ev Zvi
gvwjK mwVKfv‡e Lyu‡R †c‡Z cv‡i| GwU A‡bK mgq Rvb‡Z cv‡i Ges wb®‹l©Y Ki‡Z cv‡i hw`
cª‡qvRb nq|
3. gvwj‡Ki mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM: D×viKvix e¨w³MY nviv‡bv e¯Íy cªvwßi Z_¨ gvwj‡Ki mv‡_
†hvMv‡hvM K‡i Ges gvwjK‡K Zv‡ì e¯Íy wdwi‡q †Ìqvi Dcvq Rvbvq| mshy³ AvcvZZv ev
cªwZev` m¤§bœ fv‡e cª‡ek K‡i Ges gvwjK‡K cªvwß wdwi‡q †Ìqv cªwµqv m¤úbœ K‡i|
4. b¨vqcivqY Kvh©µg: D×viKvix e¨w³ mKj AvcvZZv Ges AvcwËi mv‡_ m¤§bœ fv‡e KvR
K‡i hv‡Z nviv‡bv e¯Íy Ges Zvi gvwj‡Ki g‡a¨ b¨vq I myôyZv eRvq ivLv hvq| Zv n‡jI, Dch©y³
cªwµqv AbymiY Kiv DwPZ hv‡Z †KvbI wbw`©ó e¨w³i Aax‡b bó nq bv|
5. cybiæ×vi cªwµqv: D×viKvix e¨w³ GKevi nviv‡bv e¯Íy Lyu‡R †c‡q Zvi gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q wdwi‡q
†`q, Zv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM eRvq iv‡L Ges cª‡qvR‡b Dchy³ cªwµqv AbymiY K‡i hv‡Z e¯ÍywU
cybiæ×vi Kiv hvq|
Dc‡i DwjøwLZ KvR¸wj mZ¨vwqZ n‡j, D×viKvix e¨w³ Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡ cwicvjb K‡i Ges
nviv‡bv e¯ÍywU Zv‡ì mwVK gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q cybiæ×vi Kivi Rb¨ cªqvm K‡i|
2.4 Kzwo‡q cvIqv e¯‘ Ges •bwZK g~j¨
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy ˆbwZK g~‡jï mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z GKwU gnË¡c~Y© welq| GB welqwU wbgœwjwLZ `ywU
w`K †_‡K we‡klfv‡e ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv hvq:
Av`k©MZ •bwZKZv:
nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy Av`k©MZ ˆbwZKZv ev givj g~‡jï mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z n‡Z cv‡i|
gvby‡li ˆbwZK g~j¨ g~jZ Zvi PvwiwÎK ¸Y, m¤úK©, I mvgvwRK Av`‡k© wbf©i K‡i| nviv‡bv e¯Íy
hw` Ab¨vb¨ e¨w³i mv‡_ fvM Kiv hvq, Zvn‡j Av`k©MZ ˆbwZKZv Gi w`K †_‡K Zv Aby‡gvw`Z

c„ôv bs-40
n‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc, Avcwb hw` †Kv‡bv cyivZb bM` †Lvjv‡gjv eB nviv‡bv cvb GKRb
Qv‡Îi Kv‡Q †diZ †Ìqvi my‡hvM †c‡jb, Zvn‡j Avcwb GKwU ˆbwZK KvR Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ges
givj g~j¨ DbœZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
‡h‡Z _vKv g~j¨:
nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi GKwU êwkó¨ n‡jv "‡h‡Z _vKv g~j¨"| GwU Zv‡ì Rb¨ wK gv‡b
ivL‡Z cv‡i hviv GB e¯ÍywU nvwi‡q †M‡Q ev Kywo‡q †c‡q‡Q| GB g~j¨ welqwU Zv‡ì mv‣¨ †_‡K
cªwZwôZ n‡Z cv‡i †hgb: e¯ÍywUi êwkó¨, eënvi‡hvM¨Zv, mvgvwRK Ae`vb, Ges Gi Avcbvi
Rb¨ gv‡bi _vKv|
‰bwZK g~‡jï w`K †_‡K nviv‡bv ev Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy e¨w³i PwiÎ Ges givj g~j¨ cªKvk Ki‡Z
cv‡i Ges Zv‡ì hZœ Ges mZK©Zv cª`k©b Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB g~j¨ e¯ÍywUi Avcbvi I mgv‡Ri
g‡a¨ cybwb©g©vY Ges DbœwZi mv‡_ ms‡hvwRZ n‡Z cv‡i|
4.5 ‣bwZK `vwqZ¡ Ges Av‡Liv‡Zi djvdj
‰bwZK `vwqZ¡ n‡jv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© aviYv hv cªwZwU e¨w³i Rxe‡b gvbweK I ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva
cªKvk K‡i| GwU GKwU Av`k© hv gvby‡li Kvh©Kjvc, m¤úK©, Ges mvgvwRK Av`‡k©i mv‡_ wg‡j
hvq| ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ gvbyl‡K Zvi K‡g©i cªwZ `vwqZ¡kxj K‡i Ges mwVK wbY©q †bIqv, gvbweKZv
I fvj AvPi‡Yi w`‡K Db¥y³ K‡i|
GKRb e¨w³i ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Zvi gvbweK fvebv, Av`k©, I gg©vwšÍK g~j¨‡eva ¸wj
cªKvk K‡i| GwU e¨w³i mgv‡R GKwU fvj B‡gR ˆZwi Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i Ges Zvi Kvh©Kjvc
mwVK gvbwmKZvi mv‡_ wg‡j| ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ AwaKvix‡ì Kg©cwi‡cª‣¨ †_‡K ˆbwZK I b¨vh¨Zv
eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ cª‡qvRbxq|

c„ôv bs-41
‰bwZK `vwqZ¡ wb‡q GKwU e¨w³i m‡PZbZv e„w× K‡i Ges Zvi Kvh©Kjv‡ci †gŠwjK wfwË ¸wj
DbœZ K‡i| Gi gva¨‡g e¨w³ AvZ¥-DbœwZ Ges AvZ¥-cwigvY c~Y© Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ †c‡Z cv‡i, hv
ïf Av‡Liv‡Zi cªwZ Zvi Zxeª cªZÿÐvb Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|
Av‡Liv‡Zi djvdj wb‡q Bmjv‡g we‡kl fv‡e †KŠkj cª`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| gymwjg †evaMg¨ †h
cig wbY©qKZ©v Avjøvn, wZwb mKj gvbe Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡kxj Ges cªwZwU Kv‡Ri djvdj †m w`‡q
cª`vb K‡ib| Bmjv‡g ejv n‡q‡Q †h, wb‡Ri Kv‡Ri cªwZ `vwqZ¡kxj n‡Z Ges wb‡Ri g~j¨‡eva
weKwkZ Ki‡Z Avcbvi Rxeb e¨w³MZ `vwq‡Z¡i Rb¨ GKwU cª‡qvRbxq aviYv| Bmjv‡g ejv
n‡q‡Q †h, wb‡Ri Kv‡Ri cªwZ `vwqZ¡kxj n‡Z Ges wb‡Ri g~j¨‡eva wew‣ß Ki‡Z Avcbvi
Rxeb e¨w³MZ `vwq‡Z¡i Rb¨ GKwU cª‡qvRbxq aviYv| gymwjg wek¦vm K‡i †h, Av‡Liv‡Z me
e¨w³ Zv‡ì KvR Ges wb‡Ri ˆbwZK `vwq‡Z¡i †gŠwjK w`K †`‡L cybwb©g©vY Ki‡Z mg_© n‡eb,
Ges Zv‡ì wb‡R‡K GKwU DbœZ Ges ˆbwZKfv‡e gvbyl wn‡m‡e cª`k©b Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z
cv‡ib|
mw¤§wjZfv‡e, ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ Ges Av‡Liv‡Zi djvdj BmjvwgK Ges e¨w³MZ w`K †_‡K
¸iæZ¡c~Y© cwiw¯’wZ ¸wj ˆZwi K‡i| GwU e¨w³i AvZ¥-DbœwZ I mgv‡R b¨vh¨Zv Ges ˆbwZK g~j¨
m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv e„w× K‡i, hv cig djvdj wn‡m‡e Av‡Liv‡Z Dcw¯’Z _v‡K|
4.6 Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy: Bmjvgx `„wófw½
Bmjv‡g Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `„wófw½ hv e¨w³i ag©xq I ˆbwZK Rxe‡bi mv‡_
m¤úwK©Z| GB `„wófw½‡Z eûZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© bxwZ, g~j¨, I ìKvwiZv DwjøwLZ nq, hv GKRb
gymwj‡gi Rxe‡b cwiYZ n‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|
1. wb‡Ri Ae¯’v †gŠwjKfv‡e AeMZ Kiv: Bmjv‡g, Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy wb‡Ri w¯’wZ Ges Ae¯’v
†gŠwjKfv‡e AeMZ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU w`K cª`vb K‡i| GwU e¨w³i ìKvi¸wj Ges Ae¯’v‡bi
g‡a¨ GKwU m¤^Ü ¯’vcb Kivi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|

c„ôv bs-42
2. gvbweK g~j¨ I ˆbwZKZv: Bmjv‡g, Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy e¨w³i gvbweK g~j¨ I ˆbwZKZv cªKvk
K‡i| e¨w³i wØZxq e¨w³MZ `vwqZ¡ I mgv‡Ri cªwZ g~j¨‡eva DbœZ Kivi Rb¨ GwU GKwU
¸iæZ¡c~Y© DcKvix hZœ|
3. Øxb I `ywbqvi mgš^q: Bmjv‡g, `ywbqv I Av‡Liv‡Zi mgš^q GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wcªwÝcvj|
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy gvbe Rxe‡b `ywbqv I Av‡LivZ Dfq w`‡K fvj cªfve Wv‡K Ges e¨w³i
wb‡Ri Ges Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ mwVK AvPiY wbwðZ K‡i|
4. D×viKvix e¨w³i `vwqZ¡: Bmjv‡g, GKRb Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi D×viKvix e¨w³i `vwqZ¡ †ewk
¸iæZ¡ cªvß| GwU AZ¨šÍ ìKvix †h D×viKvix e¨w³ e¯ÍywU cªvß Kivi ci †mwU mwVK gvwj‡Ki
Kv‡Q †diZ †`‡e Ges †hfv‡e †mB e¯ÍywU eënvi Ki‡e Zv wbwðZ Ki‡e|
5. Avcbvi wb‡Ri `vwqZ¡ Ges ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡: Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy gymwjg e¨w³i `vwqZ¡ I ˆbwZK
`vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© GKwU gš¿Yv cª`vb K‡i, †hwU e¨w³i e¨w³MZ I †ckv`vi Rxe‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i
Ges mwVK w`‡K cwi”Qbœ K‡i|
GBfv‡e, Bmjv‡g Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `„wófw½ hv e¨w³i avwg©K I ˆbwZK Rxe‡b
Mfxi cªfve Wv‡K Ges Zv‡ì AvZ¥-DbœwZ I gvbweK g~j¨‡eva e„w× Kivi Rb¨ mvnvh¨ K‡i|

c„ôv bs-43
cÂg Aa¨vq
Dcmsnvi
5.1 Dcmsnvi
Bmjv‡g Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wm×všÍ hv ag©xq `„wófw½‡Z AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cwigvY
†eva Kivq| GwU e¨w³i AvZ¥-wbqš¿Y, ˆbwZKZv, AvZ¥DbœwZ, mgvR‡mev Ges Av‡Liv‡Z
mdjZv Ges †gv‡‣i w`‡K gvM©`k©b K‡i|
Bmjv‡gi wb‡`©kbvi wfwË wn‡m‡e, Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy m¤ú‡K© DwjøwLZ wb‡`©kbv g~jZ Av`k©
Rxe‡b Ges mgvwRK ¯Í‡i cª‡qvRbxq cªwZôvb Ges bxwZi Av‡jv‡K we‡ePbv K‡i| DwjøwLZ
wb‡`©kbv¸wji g‡a¨ wKQy †gŠwjK g~j¨ Ges DcKvh© Ask wb‡gœ ewY©Z:
Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy m¤ú‡K© cª_g Ges ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wb‡`©kbv n‡jv Bgvb| gymwjg‡ì Dci Avmi
K‡i, hv‡Z Zviv Avjøv‡ni GKgvÎ Ck¦iZ¡ I gynv¤§` (mv.) Zvi †cªiYv w`‡q G‡m‡Qb|
Bmjv‡g Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy cªvwß †bwZew”Pbœ I avwg©Kfv‡e êa n‡Z n‡e| wb‡R‡K †bKxq
AvPi‡Y ivLv Ges Ab¨‡K mnvqK n‡Z mg_© n‡Z gnË¡c~Y©|
Bmjv‡g b¨vq Ges mgv‡Ri b¨vqmviwY †ewk ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íyi b¨vqmviwY Ges webv
AvcwË Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ mvnv‡hï w`‡K gymwjg‡ì DËi‡Yi w`‡K gyLxi K‡i|
Bmjv‡g mgv‡Ri `wi`ª I Amy¯’ m`m¨‡ì mv‡_ mnvbyf~wZ Ges †mev Kivi †cªiYv †`q| Kywo‡q
cvIqv e¯Íy cª‡qvRbxq mgvR‡mev cª`vb Ki‡Z m‣g K‡i Ges GwU gvbweK eÜyZ¡ Ges mn‡hvwMZv
m„wó Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avjøvni †cª‡gi mv‣vZ&Kvi cª`vb K‡i|
Bmjv‡g e„nr ¸iæZ¡ †Ìqv nq Av‡Liv‡Z djvd‡j| Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy GKwU A¯’vqx `ywbqvq
bxwZevÜe AvPiY Ges mwVK w`‡K cwi”Qbœ Kivi gva¨‡g ïaygvÎ GKwU m~Pbv, GKwU cªv_wgK
aviYv †`q †h AZxZ Ges Avm‡Zi Rxeb GKw`b gvbe gyLxi mvg‡b Avm‡e, Ges GB gyLxi
Avgj Ges wbôvi Dci wbf©i K‡i †Kvb Rxeb Aej¤^b n‡e Zv|

c„ôv bs-44
Bmjv‡g AvZ¥-DbœwZ Ges wb‡Ri AvZ¥-cwiP‡qi e„w× GKwU gyL¨ Av`k©| Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy gvbe
m¤úª`v‡q DbœwZ, wk‣v, Ávb Ges `‣Zv cªvwßi c_wU cª`k©b K‡i, hv wb‡R‡K wb‡Ri DbœwZi
w`‡K GwM‡q †bq|
msw‣ß gšÍ‡e¨, Bmjv‡g Kywo‡q cvIqv e¯Íy GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `„wófw½ hv avwg©K cª_v, ˆbwZKZv,
mvgvwRK †mev, Av‡Liv‡Z djvdj, AvZ¥-DbœwZ Ges mvgvwRK mn‡hvwMZv Ges b¨v‡qi Av`k©
eY©bv K‡i| GB wb‡`©kbv¸wj gymwjg‡`i e¨w³MZ I mvgvwRK Rxe‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvj‡b
mvnvh¨ K‡i Ges mwVK gvM© †`Lvq Av‡Liv‡Z mdjZv AR©‡b|

c„ôv bs-45
Z_¨m~Ît
1| gynv¤§v` Rvdiæjøvn, we`ÔAvZ: GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv (cªeÜ), BmjvwgK dvD‡Ûkb cwÎKv
RyjvB-‡m‡Þ¤î/2011, c„t 93-94|
2| we`ÔAvZ : GKwU ch©v‡jvPbv, c„t 93|
3| evK¡vivn 2/176; Av‡j Bgivb 3/7; wbmv 4/4, 113; AvbÔAvg 6/114; AvÔivd 7/196;
gywgb 40/2; mvR`v 32/2; Avw¤^qv 21/10; Kvnd 18/1; hygvi 39/41; k~iv 42/17;
bvnj16/16|
4| gyÕRvgy gvK¡vwqmyj jyMvn 1/203; dvZûj evix 13/253|
5| eyLvix nv/4679, 4986, ÔZvdmxi I KyiAvb gvRx‡ì dhxjZÕ Aa¨vq|
6| dvZûj evix nv/4990-Gi Av‡jvPbv `ªóe¨, 9/22 c„t|
7| eyLvix nv/4990 ÔKyiAvb gvRx‡ì dhxjZÕ Aa¨vq|
8| eyLvix nv/5003 I 5004, ÔKyiAv‡bi dhxjZÕ Aa¨vq; gymwjg nv/2465; Qnxn Beby
wneevb nv/7130|
9| Ave~`vE` nv/4607; wZiwghx nv/2676; Beby gvRvn nv/42; wgkKvZ nv/165, mb`
Qnxn|
10| eyLvix nv/4986 I 4987, ÔKyiAv‡bi dhxjZÕ Aa¨vq|
11| ZvhwKivZyj ûddvh 1/60 c„t|
12| Ave~`vE` nv/4607; wZiwghx nv/2676; Beby gvRvn nv/42 mb` Qnxn|
13| eyLvix, ZvÔjxK nv/100|
14| Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx, drûjevix 1/6 c„t|
15| dvZûj evix 13/253 c„t; Abyiƒc K_v e‡j‡Qb, Beby dv‡im, gvK¡vwqmyj jyMvn
16| dvZûj evix 13/253 c„t; Rv‡gDj Dj~g Iqvj wnKvg 1/252 c„t|
17| Avngv` nv/6510; Ave~`vE` nv/3646; Qnxnvn nv/1532|
18| eyLvix, ÔBjgÕ Aa¨vq, nv/112|
19| eyLvix nv/2434, 6880Ôc‡o _vKv emyZ DwV‡q †bqvÕ Aa¨vq; gymwjg nv/1355;
Ave~`vE` nv/2017; wZiwghx nv/2667|

c„ôv bs-46
20| ZyndvZyj AvnIqvhx, 7/79 c„t|
21| eyLvix nv/114, 3053, 3168, 4431, 4432, 5669, 7366|
22| eyLvix nv/7, 4424; gymwjg nv/1773|
23| `v‡igx nv/497; Qnxnvn nv/2026; Qnxûj Rv‡gÔ nv/4434|
24| eyLvix nv/113 ÔBjgÕ Aa¨vq|
25| eyLvix nv/1870; Ôg`xbvi dhxjZÕ Aa¨vq; gymwjg nv/1370|
26| gymwjg nv/1978, ÔKyievbxÕ Aa¨vq, ÔAvjøvn e¨ZxZ Ab¨ Kv‡ivi bv‡g h‡en nvivgÕ
Aby‡”Q`; Qnxn Av`veyj gydiv` nv/13|
27| eyLvix ÔAvhvbÕ Aa¨vq ÔQvjv‡Zi ci whwKiÕ Aby‡”Q` nv/844|
28| RvwgÔ evqvwbj Bjg, c„t 64; dvrûj evix 1/252|
29| dvrûj evix 1/252|
30| `v‡igx 1/127 c„t; Avj-gyAvjøvgx, AvbIqviæj Kvwkdv, c„t 42, eY©bvwU wbf©i‡hvM¨|
31| `v‡igx 1/126 c„t; bvwQiæÏxb Avjevbx, Avj-Bjgy wjAvex LvqQvgv, c„t 120; gvIK~d
wnmv‡e nv`xQwU Qnxn|
32| kvgmyÏxb Avh-hvnvex (int), ÔZvhwKivZyj ûddvh (‰eiƒZ: `viæj gvÔwidvn) 1/104
c„t; Zv`ex‡b nv`xQ c„t 68|

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