ToT Hygiene.compressed_CLP

Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb g¨vbyqvj
cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY
Integration and facilitation of hygiene behavioural change interventions
in the Chars Livelihoods Programme (CLP) in the 8 districts

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Pievmx‡`i Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb g¨vbyqvj
cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY
Integration and facilitation of hygiene behavioural change interventions in the
Chars Livelihoods Programme (CLP) in the 8 districts

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wb‡q, welq Ges c×wZi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L mg‡qi cyb:ms‡hvRb Ki‡Z n‡e|
we‡klfv‡e jÿYxq
AskMÖnYg~jK mnvqZvKiY cÖwµqvq mnvqZvKiY gwWDj GKwU wb‡`©k‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| GLv‡b †hfv‡e c×wZ I
cÖwµqvi e¨vL¨v †`qv Av‡Q, ûeû ZvB Ki‡Z n‡e Ggb †Kvb eva¨ evaëvaKZv bvB| cÖwkÿYv_©x‡ì I GjvKvi mvgvwRK
†cÖÿvcU, cÖwkÿY cwi‡ek BZ¨vw` we‡ePbv K‡i A_©vr memgq Ae¯’v ey‡S eë¯’v wb‡Z n‡e| †Kvb fv‡eB Abgbxq _vKv
hv‡ebv| wb‡Ri wePvi eyw×i m‡e©v”P eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e|
cÖwkÿ‡Yi Av‡jvP¨ welqmg~n
Ÿ cÖKí cwiwPwZ
Ÿ RvZxq ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi bxwZgvjv 2012 (mswÿß cwiwPwZ)
Ÿ mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎ
Ÿ nvBwRb g‡Wj
Ÿ †hvMv‡hvM
Ÿ mvgvwRK RvMiY
Ÿ mnvqZvKiY
Ÿ c×wZ
Ÿ DcKiY
Ÿ nvBwRb DcKiY I c×wZi Abykxjb I cÖ`k©bx
Ÿ gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x‡ì Rb¨ nvBwRb †mkb cwiPvjbvi wb‡`©wkKv
e³…Zv c¨vW
AskMÖnYg~jK Av‡jvPbv †cb
†Mg †bg KvW©
†cqvi MÖæc wfc KvW©
gw¯Í‡¯‹ So †iwR‡÷ªkb wkU
gvwëwgwWqv cÖ`k©b †cv÷vi/eªvDb †ccvi
cÖkœ DËi †evW©
†QvU `‡j KvR gvK©vi
AwfÁZv wewbgq AvU© jvBb
cÖ`k©b gvwëwgwWqv
AbykxjY ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb DcKiY
c×wZ DcKiY

µg welq I Dc-welq D‡Ïk¨ c×wZ mgq DcKiY
01
02
03
D‡ØvaYx Awa‡ekb
Ÿ †iwR‡÷ªkb
Ÿ cvi¯úwiK cwiwPZ
Ÿ cÖZ¨vkv Pqb
Ÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi bxwZgvjv
Ÿ cÖvK cÖwkÿY g~j¨vqb
cÖKí cwiwPwZ
Ÿ cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿ DcKvi‡fvMx
Ÿ †÷K‡nvìvi
Ÿ Kvh©µg
nvBwRb wkÿv, cÖmvi I
Dbœqb
Ÿ nvBwRb (Hygiene)
m¤ú‡K© aviYv
Ÿ nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© I
nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii
(Hygiene
Domains) †ÿÎmg~n
Ÿ nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii
wb‡`©kK bxwZgvjv
(Guiding Princles)
Ÿ Av_©-mvgvwRK cÖfve
Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY-
- cÖwkÿ‡Y AskMÖnYKvixMY bvg
†iwR‡÷ªkb Ki‡eb;
- cvi¯úwiK cwiwPZ jvf
Ki‡eb;
- cÖwkÿ‡Yi D‡Ïk¨m¤ú‡K© aviYv
cv‡eb I cÖZ¨vkv e¨³ Ki‡eb
Ges
- cÖwkÿ‡Yi bxwZgvjv wba©viY
Ki‡eb
- cÖK‡íi jÿ¨, D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K©
Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v
Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
- DcKvi‡fvMx I †÷K‡nvìvi
m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
- cÖK‡íi Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z
cvi‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb
- nvBwRb, nvBwRb GWz‡Kkb I
nvBwRb cÖ‡gvkb m¤ú‡K© aviYv
cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb
- nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© I nvBwRb
cÖmv‡ii (Hygiene Domains)
†ÿÎmg~n wel‡q aviYv cv‡eb
I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
- nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii wb‡`©kK
bxwZgvjv (Guiding Princles)
m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb I e¨vL¨v
Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
- nvBwRb ev ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm m¤ú‡K©
Ávb I Abykxjb bv Kivi
Kvi‡Y RbRxe‡b Av_©-mvgvwRK
cÖfve m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb|
e³…Zv,
AskMÖnYg~jK
Av‡jvPbv,
†Mg,
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
Av‡jvPbv,
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ
DËi,
Dc¯’vcb I
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
1 NÈv
30
wgwbU
1 NÈv
c¨vW, †cb, †bg
KvW©, wfc KvW©,
†iwR‡÷ªkb wkU,
†evW© gvK©vi, AvU©
jvBb gvK©vi,
gvwëwgwWqv I
cÖkœcÎ
gvwëwgwWqv
wfc KvW©,
†cv÷vi †ccvi,
gvK©vi,
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖwkÿY KvwiKzjvg

04
05
06
07
Ÿ mn¯ªvã Dbœqb
jÿ¨gvÎvi †cÖÿvcU
Ÿ 8wU jÿ¨ I Iqvk-
Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³
jÿ¨mg~n
nvBwRb g‡Wj
Ÿ nvBwRb g‡Wj wK,
Gi D‡Ïk¨, djvdj,
ev¯Íevqb ‡KŠkj
Ÿ nvBwRb g¨vwUª·
Ÿ nvBwRb g‡Wj
WvqvMªvg
Ÿ nvBwRb g‡Wj
ev¯Íevq‡bi †KŠkj
Ÿ nvBwRb Uzj&m/DcKiY
†hvMv‡hvM
Ÿ †hvMv‡hvM aviYv I
Kvh©Kix †hvMv‡hvM
Ÿ †hvMv‡hv‡M evav
Ÿ †hvMv‡hvM g‡Wj
Ÿ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †ÿÎ I
Bmy
mvgvwRK RvMiY
Ÿ mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi
aviYv
†ÿÎ I Bmy
†KŠkj
- mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎv
m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges
e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
- 8wU jÿ¨ I Iqvk-Gi mv‡_
m¤úK©hy³ jÿ¨mg~n m¤ú‡K©
aviYv cv‡eb Ges Ab¨‡`i
Kv‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
- nvBwRb g‡Wj, g‡W‡ji
D‡Ïk¨, djvdj I ev¯Íevqb
†KŠkj m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb
Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
- nvBwRb g¨vwUª· I g‡Wj
Ab¨‡`i Kv‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb;
- nvBwRb g‡Wj-Gi nvBwRb
Uzj&m/DcKiY I ev¯Íevq‡bi
†KŠkj/ Dcvq m¤ú‡K© aviYv
cv‡eb I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
- †hvMv‡hvM I Kvh©Kix †hvMv‡hvM
- †hvMv‡hvM evav m¤ú‡K© aviYv
cvi‡eb
- †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Dcv`vb I
†hvMv‡hvM g‡Wj, †hvMv‡hv‡Mi
†ÿÎ I Bmy m¤ú‡K© aviYv
cv‡eb, e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
- †gvwejvB‡Rkb I Kvh©µg
- KwgDwbwU †gvwejvB‡Rk‡bi
†ÿÎ I Bmy m¤ú‡K© aviYv
Av‡jvPbv,
cÖkœ DËi, †QvU
`‡j KvR,
Dc¯’vcb
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
Av‡jvPbv,
cÖkœ DËi, †QvU
`‡j KvR,
Dc¯’vcb
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
Av‡jvPbv,
Awfbq, †Mgm,
cÖ‡kœvËi,
evR`j,
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
Av‡jvPbv,
cÖ‡kœvËi, †QvU
`‡j KvR,
f~wgKvwfbq I
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
25
wgwbU
2 NÈv
1 NÈv
1 NÈv
wfc KvW©,
†cv÷vi †ccvi,
gvK©vi, mvBb
†cb, eªvDb †ccvi
I gvwëwgwWqv
wfc KvW©,
†cv÷vi †ccvi,
gvK©vi, mvBb
†cb, eªvDb †ccvi
I gvwëwgwWqv
†cv÷vi, gvK©vi
I
gvwëwgwWqv
†Km ÷vwW I
gvwëwgwWqv

08
09
10
11
mnvqZvKiY
Ÿ mnvqZvKi‡Yi aviYv
Ÿ mnvq‡Ki êwkó¨ Ges
`ÿZv
Ÿ mnvq‡Ki Gi f~wgKv
Ÿ mnvqZvKi‡Yi
†ÿÎmg~n
cÖwkÿY c×wZ
Ÿ cÖwkÿY c×wZ I Gi
aiY
Ÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi wewfbœ
c×wZ eënv‡ii
we‡eP¨ welqmg~n
cÖwkÿY DcKiY
Ÿ cÖwkÿY DcKi‡Yi
aviYv I aiY
Ÿ cÖwkÿY DcKiY
eënv‡ii we‡eP¨
welqmg~n
nvBwRb DcKiY I
c×wZi Abykxjb I
cÖ`k©b
(Demonstration)
Ÿ nvBwRb welqK Bmy
Ÿ †mkb cwiPvjbv
Ÿ wdWe¨vK
cvi‡eb
- †gvwejvB‡Rk‡bi †KŠkj m¤ú‡K©
aviYv cv‡eb, Kg‡© ÿ‡Î
†gvwejvB‡Rkb Kvhµ© g ev¯eÍ vqb
Kivi `ÿZv ARb© Ki‡eb
- mnvqZvKiY I mnvqK m¤ú‡K©
aviYv cv‡eb e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb
- mnvq‡Ki `ÿZv, f‚wgKv,
êwkó¨ I ¸bvejx m¤ú‡K©
aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb
- mnvqZvKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv,
gvÎv, cÖwµqv I †ÿÎmg~n
m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb, e¨vL¨v
Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
- c×wZ m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb
Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
- c×wZ eënv‡ii we‡eP¨
welqmg~n m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb I
- DcKiY m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb,
e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
- DcKiY eënv‡ii we‡eP¨
welqmg~n m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb I
Awa‡ekb †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY
- nvBwRb welqK Bmy Abykxjb
Kivi Rb¨ `j MVb Ki‡eb|
- nv‡Z-Kj‡g nvBwRb †mkb
cwiPvjbvi †KŠkj I `ÿZv
AR©b Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv,
†ivj‡cø,
cÖkœ DËi,
†QvU`‡j
Av‡jvPbv I
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ
DËi, †ivj‡cø,
†QvU `‡j
Av‡jvPbv, wfc
I gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ
DËi,
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b,
†Rvov`j
Av‡jvPbv,
AbykxjY,
cÖ`k©b
1 NÈv
1 NÈv
1 NÈv
6 NÈv
wfc KvW©, AvU©
jvBb gvK©vi,
gvwëwgwWqv
†evW© gvK©vi,
gvwëwgwWqv
†evW©, gvK©vi,
gvwëwgwWqv
Avievb nvBwRb
Uzj&m/DcKiY-
cU, iwe-ivYx,
d¬vm KvW©,
†cv÷vi, kc_
†evW©

12
13
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x‡`i Rb¨
nvBwRb †mkb cwiPvjbvi
wb‡`©wkKv †kqvwis
mgvcbx
Ÿ cÖwkÿY cieZ©x
g~j¨vqb
Ÿ Av‡jvP¨ welqmg~n
cybiv‡jvPbv
Ÿ cÖwkÿY cÖZ¨vkv hvPvB
Ÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi wkÿY
Ÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi mej I
`ye©j w`K
Ÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi mgvwß
†NvlYv Kiv
- nvBwRb †mkb cwiPvjbvi
wb‡`©wkKv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb I
e¨envi Ki‡Z mÿg n‡eb
- Av‡jvP¨ welqmg~n cybiv‡jvPbv
I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb,
cÖwkÿY cÖZ¨vkvc~iY n‡q‡Q Zv
hvPvB Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
- cÖwkÿ‡Yi wkÿY, cÖwkÿ‡Yi
mej I `ye©j w`K m¤ú‡K©
Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb
Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ-
DËi
Av‡jvPbv,
cÖkœ-DËi,
e³…Zv
45
wgwbU
1 NÈv
nvBwRb †mkb
cwiPvjbvi
wb‡`©wkKv,
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖkœcÎ

cÖwkÿY wkwWDj
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb welqK cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY
mgq : 3 w`b
¯’vb : Dc‡Rjvi myweavRbK †Kvb cÖwkÿY †K›`ª
AskMÖnYKvix : ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’vi gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x
mnvqZvKi‡Y : cÖ¨vKwUK¨vj G¨vKkb, evsjv‡`k
mgq Awa‡ekb
1g w`b
welqe¯‘
9:00-10:00
10:00-10:30
D‡Øvabx:
cÖwk¶‡Yi m~Pbv, cwiwPwZ I wkÿY
cwi‡ek ˆZwi
cÖKí cwiwPZ
Ÿ
Ÿ cvi¯úwiK cwiwPZ
Ÿ cÖZ¨vkv Pqb
Ÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿ cÖwkÿ‡Yi bxwZgvjv
Ÿ cÖvK cÖwkÿY g~j¨vqb
Ÿ cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨
Ÿ DcKvi‡fvMx
Ÿ †÷K‡nvìvi
Ÿ Kvh©µg
†iwR‡÷ªkb
Pv weiwZ10:30-10:45
10:45-11:15
11:15-11:30
11:30-1:30
nvBwRb wkÿv, cÖmvi I Dbœqb
nvBwRb g‡Wj
Ÿ
Ÿ nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© I nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii
(Hygiene Domains) †ÿÎmg~n
Ÿ nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii wb‡`©kK bxwZgvjv (Guiding
Princles)
Ÿ Av_©-mvgvwRK cÖfve
Ÿ mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvi †cÖÿvcU
Ÿ 8wU jÿ¨ I Iqvk-Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³
jÿ¨mg~n
Ÿ nvBwRb g‡Wj wK, Gi D‡Ïk¨, djvdj,
ev¯Íevqb †KŠkj
Ÿ nvBwRb g¨vwUª·
Ÿ nvBwRb g‡Wj WvqvMªvg
Ÿ nvBwRb g‡Wj ev¯Íevq‡bi †KŠkj
Ÿ nvBwRb Uzj&m/DcKiY
nvBwRb (Hygiene) m¤ú‡K© aviYv
1:30-2:30 `ycy‡ii Lvevi weiwZ

2:30-3:30 †hvMv‡hvM †hvMv‡hvM aviYv I Kvh©Kix †hvMv‡hvM
Ÿ †hvMv‡hv‡M evav
Ÿ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Dcv`vb
Ÿ †hvMv‡hvM g‡Wj
Ÿ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †ÿÎ I Bmy
mgq Awa‡ekb welqe¯‘
4:30-4:45 Pv weiwZ
4:45-5:30 mnvqZvKiY Ÿ mnvqZvKi‡Yi aviYv
Ÿ mnvq‡Ki êwkó¨ Ges `ÿZv
Ÿ mnvq‡Ki Gi f~wgKv
Ÿ mnvqZvKi‡Yi †ÿÎ
2q w`b
10:30-10:45 Pv weiwZ
9:00-9:30
9:30-10:30
weMZ w`‡bi ch©v‡jvPbv
c×wZ Ÿ c×wZi aviYv
Ÿ c×wZi aiY
Ÿ c×wZ eënv‡ii we‡eP¨ welqmg
10:45-11:45
11:45-1:00
c×wZ Pjgvb...
DcKiY Ÿ DcKi‡Yi aviYv I aiY
Ÿ DcKiY eënv‡ii we‡eP¨ welqmg~n
Ÿ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wkÿv DcKiY
3:30-4:30 mvgvwRK RvMiY Ÿ mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi aviYv
Ÿ KwgDwbwU †gvwejvB‡Rk‡bi †ÿÎ I Bmy
Ÿ †gvwejvB‡Rk‡bi †KŠkj
2:00-3:00 cÖwkÿY DcKiY I c×wZi
Abykxjb I cÖ`k©bx
(Demonstration)
Ÿ †mkb cwiPvjbv
Ÿ wdWe¨vK
3:00-3:30 Pv weiwZ
3:30-5:00 cÖwkÿY DcKiY I c×wZi
Abykxjb I cÖ`k©bx
(Demonstration) Pjgvb...
Ÿ BmywfwËK †mkb †W‡gv‡b‡÷ªkb
3q w`b
9:00-9:30
9:30-10:30
weMZ w`‡bi ch©v‡jvPbv
nvBwRb DcKiY I c×wZi
Abykxjb I cÖ`k©bx
(Demonstration)
Ÿ BmywfwËK †mkb †W‡gv‡b‡÷ªkb

10:30-11:00 Pv weiwZ
11:30-1:00 nvBwRb DcKiY I c×wZi Ÿ BmywfwËK †mkb †W‡gv‡b‡÷ªkb
2:00-3:30 nvBwRb MvBWjvBb Ÿ MvBWjvBb †kqvwis
3:30-4:00 Pv weiwZ
4:00-5:00 †Kvm© g~j¨vqb Ÿ †Kvm© ch©v‡jvPbv
Ÿ AskMÖnYKvix‡`i cÖwZwµqv

Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg : D‡ØvaYx Awa‡ekb
D‡Ïk¨ : cÖwkÿ‡Y AskMÖnYKvixMY bvg †iwR‡÷ªkb Ki‡eb;
cvi¯úwiK cwiwPwZ jvf Ki‡eb;
cÖwkÿ‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb I cÖZ¨vkv e¨³ Ki‡eb Ges
cÖwkÿ‡Yi bxwZgvjv wba©viY Ki‡eb
c×wZ : e³…Zv, Av‡jvPbv, †Mg, gvwëwgwWqv cÖ`k©b
DcKiY : c¨vW, †cb, †bg KvW©, wfc KvW©, †iwR‡÷ªkb wkU, †evW© gvK©vi, AvU©
jvBb gvK©vi, gvwëwgwWqv
mgq : 45 wgwbU
Awa‡ekb : 01

Awa‡ekb cwiPvjb cÖwµqv
cÖwkÿ‡Yi D‡Ïk¨
Pievmxi ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb welqK cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY g¨vbyqvjwU g~jZ 3 w`‡bi GKwU cÖwkÿY †Kvm©| G †Kv‡m© Pi
RxweKvqb Kg©m~Pxi ev¯ÍevqbKix ms¯’vi (IMO) †Uªwbs Awdmvi, KwgDwbwU †W‡fjc‡g›U mycvifvBRvi, wbDwUªkb
mycvifvBRvi, KwgDwbwU †W‡fjc‡g›U Awdmvi I wbDwUªkb AwdmviMY AskMÖnY Ki‡eb Ges G cÖwkÿ‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q
cÖwZwU ms¯’v ch©v‡q ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb, cÖmvi I Dbœqb welqK GKwU K‡i cÖwkÿY cÖwkÿK `j ˆZwi n‡e| cÖwkÿY
cvIqvi ci cÖwkÿKMY gvV ch©v‡q Kg©iZ Pi ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©x, Pi cywó Kg©x, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix Ges MÖvg Dbœqb KwgwUi
(wfwWwm) m`m¨‡ì mÿgZv Dbœq‡b mnvqZv Ki‡e, hv‡Z K‡i Pievmx‡ì RxweKvqb Dbœq‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨v‡mi
cwieZ©b N‡U|
myZivs G cÖwkÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb, wewfbœ ai‡Yi nvBwRb welqK DcKiY eënvi I mnvqZvKiY m¤ú‡K©
AskMÖnYKvix‡ì Ávb I `ÿZv Dbœqb KivB g~jZ G cÖwkÿ‡Yi g~j D‡Ïk¨|
cÖwkÿY †k‡l AskMÖnYKvixMY †h mKj welq m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb, e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb I `ÿZv AR©b Ki‡eb, Zv n‡jv-
ŸcÖK‡íi jÿ¨, D‡Ïk¨ I Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
cÖwµqv c×wZ mgq DcKiY
avc 1
mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡ì ms¯’vi cÿ †_‡K ï‡f”Qv Rvbv‡eb|
D‡Øvabx Awa‡ek‡b cÖK‡íi wewfbœ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì g‡a¨ hviv
Dcw¯’Z _vK‡eb, ch©vqµ‡g Zv‡ì‡K cÖwkÿY m¯ú‡K© mswÿß
wKQz ej‡Z Aby‡iva Ki‡eb Ges DaŸ©Zb GKRb‡K w`‡q cÖwkÿY
D‡Øvab Ki‡Z Aby‡iva Ki‡eb| D‡Øvab †k‡l mnvqK mevB‡K
abëv` Ávcb K‡i AskMÖnYKvix‡ì gv‡S c¨vW, †cb, †bg KvW©
cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
avc 2
mnvqK AskMÖnYKvixM‡Yi mevB‡K 2/1wU K‡i wfcKvW© wb‡Z
ej‡eb Ges mevB‡K Kgc‡ÿ 1wU K‡i cÖwkÿ‡Yi cÖZ¨vkv wjL‡Z
ej‡eb| mK‡ji †jLv †kl n‡j AskMÖnYKvixM‡Yi ga¨ †_‡K 2
Rb‡K †W‡K cÖZ¨vkv¸wj c‡o †kvbv‡Z ej‡eb Ges †k‡l
cÖZ¨vkv¸wj GKwÎZ K‡i cÖwkÿY K‡ÿ Uvw½‡q w`‡Z ej‡eb|
mnvqK Gevi gvwëwgwWqvi gva¨‡g cÖwkÿ‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K©
aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
avc 3
mnvqK G c‡e© 3 w`‡bi cÖwkÿY PjvKvjxb mg‡q wK wK wbqg
Kvbyb †g‡b Pje †m m¤ú©‡K GKwU cÖwkÿY bxwZgvjv mK‡ji
gZvg‡Zi wfwË‡Z ˆZwi Ki‡eb Ges GKwU †cv÷vi †ccv‡i wj‡L
GKwU wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b jvwM‡q w`‡Z ej‡eb| Gev‡i mshy³ cÖvK
cÖwkÿY g~j¨vqb c‡Îi gva¨‡g cÖwkÿY c~e© aviYv hvPvB K‡i
mevB‡K abëv` w`‡q †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I
e³…Zv
Av‡jvPbv I
Dc¯’vcbv
Av‡jvPbv
15 wgwbU
15 wgwbU
15 wgwbU
c¨vW, †cb,
†bg KvW©
†iwR‡÷ªkb
wkU
wfc KvW©,
AvU© jvBb
gvK©vi,
gvwëwgwWqv
†cv÷vi, AvU©
jvBb gvK©vi,
cÖvK cÖwkÿY
g~j¨vqb cÎ

ŸnvBwRb g‡Wj ev¯Íevq‡bi †KŠkj m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
ŸÒnvBwRb cÖmv‡ii RvZxq †KŠkjcÎ 2014Ó m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges Ab¨‡`i Rvbv‡Z cvi‡eb;
Ÿmn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎv;
ŸmnvqZvKiY Ges mnvq‡Ki f~wgKv, mnvqZvKi‡Yi †ÿÎ I †mkb cwiPvjbvi we‡eP¨ welq m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb
I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡eb;
ŸmvgvwRK RvMiY c×wZ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb cv‡eb I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb welqK cÖwkÿY DcKiY m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb I e¨vLv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm welqK wewfbœ †mkb cwiPvjbv Kivi `ÿZv AR©b Ki‡eb|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb I AskMÖnYg~jK cwiexÿY welqK cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY
cÖvK-cÖwkÿY g~j¨vqb cÎ
mgq:10 wgwbU †gvU b¤^i: 50
mwVK ¯’v‡b wUK wPý w`b:
1. mvgvwRK gvbwPÎ (Social map):
1.1 mvgvwRK gvbwPÎ GK ai‡Yi bKkv
1.2 mvgvwRK gvbwPÎ cÖK‡íi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx mK‡ji AskMÖn‡Y ˆZwi GK ai‡Yi mvgvwRK wPÎ
1.3 mvgvwRK gvbwPÎ GKwU PRA tool
2. CAP nvjbvMv`KiY (CAP up-date):
2.1 CAP cÖYqb Kiv
2.2 CAP Gi eZ©gvb Ae¯’v hvPvB Kiv
2.2 CAP G bZyb ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv Kvh©µg †hvM Kiv
3. ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv welqK AskMÖnYg~jK cwiexÿY (Participatory Hygiene monitoring):
3.1 Community Gi ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv Kvh©µg †`Lv‡kvbv Kiv
3.2 Community ch©v‡qi ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi Z_¨ msMÖn AMÖMwZ hvPvB Kiv
3.3 Community ch©v‡qi ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi fwel¨r cwiKíbv Kiv
4. ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv (Hygiene education)
4.1 ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv GKwU AvbyôvwbK wkÿv Kvh©µg
4.2 AvPiY cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv Kvh©µg
4.3 Ae¯’v cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv Kvh©µg
5. nvBwRb g‡Wj (Hygiene model):
5.1 ¯^v¯’¨wkÿvi wbqgvejx
5.2 ¯^v¯’¨wkÿvi GKwU mgwóMZ iƒc
5.3 ¯^v¯’¨wkÿv Dbœq‡bi avc

6. †hvMv‡hvM (Communication):
6.1 GK¯’vb †_‡K GK¯’v‡b hvIqv
6.2 cvi¯úvwiK g‡bi fve wewbgq
6.3 `yB ev Z‡Zvwa‡Ki cvi¯úvwiK g‡bi fv‡ei wewbgq
7. mvgvwRK RvMiY (Social mobilization):
7.1 RbMY‡K m‡PZb Kivi cÖwµqv
7.2 RbM‡Yi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi GKwU cÖwµqv
7.3 wbw`©ó wel‡q mKj †kÖwYi RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v m„wó
8. mnvqZvKiY(Facilitation):
8.1 mnvqZvKiY GKwU †KŠkj
8.2 mnvqZvKiY GKwU cÖwµqv
8.3 mnvqZvKiY n‡jv mn‡hvwMZv Kiv
9. c×wZ (Methods):
9.1 cÖwkÿY Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡bi avc
9.2 cÖwkÿY cª`v‡bi †KŠkj
9.3 cÖwkÿY ev¯Íevq‡bi iƒc‡iLv
10. DcKiY (Materials):
10.1 Av‡jvP¨ welq‡K mnR, mvejxj, †evaMg¨ I AvKl©Yxq K‡i Dc¯’vcb K‡i
10.2 cÖwkÿY Kvh©µg‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i
10.3 cÖwkÿ‡Yi GK‡Nqvwg `~i K‡i

Awa‡ekb : 02
Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg : cÖKí cwiwPZ
D‡Ïk¨ : cÖK‡íi jÿ¨, D‡Ïk¨ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
DcKvi‡fvMx I †÷K‡nvìvi m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb
cÖK‡íi Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
c×wZ : Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ DËi, gvwëwgwWqv cÖ`k©b
DcKiY : †evW© gvK©vi, gvwëwgwWqv
mgq : 25 wgwbU

avc 1
mnvqK GB †mk‡b cÖK‡íi jÿ¨, D‡Ïk¨, DcKvi‡fvMx,
†÷K‡nvìvi I Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© gvwëwgwWqvi gva¨‡g my¯úô
aviYv †`‡eb Ges Kv‡iv †Kvb cÖkœ Av‡Q wKbv Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb|
cÖkœ _vK‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|
avc 2
mnvqK cÖK‡íi jÿ¨, D‡Ïk¨, DcKvi‡fvMx, †÷K‡nvìvi I
Kvh©µg Dc¯’vcbvi †k‡l mK‡ji aviYv cwi®‹vi n‡q‡Q wK bv Zv
3/4 Rb‡K cÖkœ K‡i Rvb‡eb Ges Awa‡ekb †kl Ki‡eb |
Av‡jvPbv I
cÖkœ-DËi
cÖkœ-DËi I
Av‡jvPbv
20 wgwbU
5 wgwbU
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖK‡íi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨
cÖK‡íi DcKvi‡fvMx
mvwe©K D‡Ïk¨
GB cÖK‡íi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv Pi RxweKvqb Kg©m~Pxi AvIZvaxb 8wU †Rjvi 17wU ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v (IMO)
Kg©GjvKvi jwÿZ Rb‡Mvôxi ¯^v¯’¨MZ AvPiY cwieZ©‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb I mgš^q mvab|
D‡Ïk¨
GB cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv ¯^v¯’¨wewa I ¯^v¯’¨MZ AvPiY cwieZ©b, w`K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Ges cixweÿY Kivi Dci Pi
RxweKvqb Kg©m~Pxi mswkøó Kgx©‡ì `ÿZv Dbœqb|
djvdj
GB cÖKí †_‡K wb‡gœv³ djvdjmg~n cvIqv hv‡e-
1. Pi RxweKvqb Kg©m~Pxi Kg© GjvKvi gvby‡li ¯^v¯’¨wewa welqK cwiKíbv cÖYqb, ev¯Íevqb I cwiexÿ‡Yi Rb¨
ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v (IMO) Kgx©‡ì Ávb I `ÿZv e„w× †c‡q‡Q;
2. ¯^v¯’¨MZ AvPiY cwieZ©‡bi Dci 8wU †Rjvi wmGjwci ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v (IMO) mg~‡ni Kg©GjvKvi wbw`©ó
msL¨K wfwWwm m`m¨, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix, Pi cywó Kgx© I Pi ¯^v¯’¨ Kgx©‡ì mnvqZvKiY `ÿZv DbœxZ n‡q‡Q|
3. ¯^v¯’¨MZ AvPiY cwieZ©‡b D‡`¨vM MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ 8wU †Rjvi wmGjwci ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v (IMO) mg~‡ni
Kg©GjvKvi MÖvgmg~‡n Kvh©Kix cwiKíbv cÖYqb, ev¯Íevqb I cwiexÿ‡Y wbw`©ó msL¨K wfwWwm m`m¨, wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix, Pi cywó Kg©x I Pi ¯^v¯’¨ Kgx©‡ì `ÿZv e„w× †c‡q‡Q|
Pi jvBfwjûW †cÖvMÖ‡gi 17wU ev¯Íevqb Kvix ms¯’v (IMO)-i Rb mswkøó Kgx©MY mivmwi cÖwkÿY cv‡eb Ges Zv‡ì
gva¨‡g Kg© GjvKvi RYM‡Yi cÖZ¨vwkZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm welqK Ávb e„w× cv‡e I AvPi‡Yi cwieZ©b NU‡e|
†÷K‡nvìvi
ŸUNICEF: wjW G‡RwÝ wnmv‡e wmGjwc Ges cÖ¨vKwUK¨vj G¨vKkvb, evsjv‡`k Gi g‡a¨ mgš^q I KvwiMix mnvqZv
cÖ`vb Ki‡e;

ŸCLP: ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm I AvPiY Dbœq‡b UNICEF, IMOs I cÖ¨vKwUK¨vj G¨vKkvb, evsjv‡`k g‡a¨ Kvh©Kix mgš^q
Ki‡eb;
Ÿev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v (IMOs): cÖKí mwVK I myô ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ mKj cÖKvi mnvqZv wbwðZ Ki‡e;
ŸPractical Action Bangladesh: ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v (IMOs)-i Kg©x‡`i ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm welqK `ÿZv Dbœqb I
cÖmvi Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b mgš^q I mnvq‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb;
ŸVDC: KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡b wfwWwmi m`m¨MY nvBwRb Kg©cwiKíbv cÖYqb, ev¯Íevqb I gwbUwis
Kvh©µ‡g mivmwi AskMÖnY Ki‡eb Ges ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi I cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ mvgvwRK DØy×KiY Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv
Ki‡eb|
cÖK‡íi Kvh©µg
Ÿ÷vd Iwi‡q‡›Ukb;
ŸcÖKí AewnZKiY Kg©kvjv I cÖKí Kvh©µg ïiæ;
ŸcÖwkÿY Pvwn`v wbiƒcY;
ŸcÖwkÿY g¨vbyqvj c¨v‡KR ch©v‡jvPbv I gwWDj Dbœqb;
ŸnvBwRb DcKiY ch©v‡jvPbv I Dbœqb;
ŸeZ©gvb gwbUwis c×wZ ch©v‡jvPbv;
Ÿev¯Íevqb Kvix ms¯’v (IMO) Gi ÷vd‡`i Rb¨ nvBwRb welqK cÖwkÿK cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb;
Ÿ`ÿZv Dbœq‡b wbqwgZ mnvqZvKiY (†KvwPs, gwbUwis, wb‡`©kbv I KvDwÝwjs);
Ÿm¨vwb‡Ukb †ÿ‡Î bZzb G¨v‡cÖvP ch©v‡jvPbv I Aa¨vqb;
ŸˆÎ-gvwmK mgš^q mfv;
ŸcwiexÿY I cÖwZ‡e`b|

Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg : nvBwRb wkÿv, cÖmvi I Dbœqb
Awa‡ekb Dc-welq : 1. ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm (nvBwRb) m¤ú‡K© aviYv
2. nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© I nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii (Hygiene Domains) †ÿÎmg~n
3. nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii wb‡`©kK bxwZgvjv (Guiding Princles)
4. Av_©-mvgvwRK cÖfve
D‡Ïk¨ : ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm, ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wkÿv I ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v
Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© I nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii †ÿÎmg~n (Hygiene Domains)
wel‡q aviYv cv‡eb I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii wb‡`©kK bxwZgvjv (Guiding Princles) m¤ú‡K© aviYv
cv‡eb I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ges
nvBwRb ev ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm m¤ú‡K© Ávb I Abykxjb bv Kivi Kvi‡Y RbRxe‡b
Av_©-mvgvwRK cÖfve m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb|
c×wZ : Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ DËi, Dc¯’vcb I gvwëwgwWqv cÖ`k©b
DcKiY : wfc KvW©, †cv÷vi †ccvi, gvK©vi, gvwëwgwWqv
mgq : 25 wgwbU
Awa‡ekb : 03

avc 1
mnvqK G c‡e© nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© I nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii †ÿÎmg~n
(Hygiene Domains) Kx Kx n‡e, Zv AskMÖnYKvix‡ì g‡a¨
†_‡K Rvb‡eb Ges †ÿÎmg~‡ni cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv
Ki‡eb| c‡i mnvqK nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© I nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii
†ÿÎmg~n (Hygiene Domains) gvwëwgwWqvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcbv
Ki‡eb Ges †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
avc 2
G c‡e© mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡ì ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii wb‡`©kK
bxwZgvjv (Guiding Princles) m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡kœvË‡ii gva¨‡g
Rvb‡eb Ges †ev‡W© †jL‡eb| Zvici gvwëwgwWqvi gva¨‡g
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmv‡ii wb‡`©kK bxwZgvjvmg~n Ges ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
Abykxjb bv Kivi Kvi‡Y Av_©-mvgvwRK cÖfve †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i
welqwU Dc¯’vcbv Ki‡eb| cwi‡k‡l wZwb mK‡ji KvQ †_‡K G
Awa‡ek‡bi g~j wkLb m¤ú‡K© ïb‡eb Ges mKj‡K abëv`
Rvwb‡q G Awa‡ekb †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv,
Dc¯’vcbv
Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ
DËi I
Dc¯’vcbv
15 wgwbU
25 wgwbU
gvK©vi I
gvwëwgwWqv
gvK©vi I
gvwëwgwWqv
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm (Hygiene) m¤ú‡K© aviYv
mvaviYZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm ej‡Z cwi®‹vi-cwiQbœZvi gva¨‡g msµvgb cÖwZ‡iva‡K eySvq| wKš‘ cÖK„Z A‡_© ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm n‡jv
¯^v¯’¨ I ¯^v¯’¨Ki Rxeb hvcb Kivi wewa-weavb‡K eySvq| ¯^v¯’¨wewai cwimi e¨w³MZ ch©vq †_‡K M„n¯’vwj n‡q †ckvMZ
Ges Rb¯^v¯’¨ ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z| GQvovI ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Lvevi, cwi®‹vi-cwiQbœZv Ges gvbwmK ¯^v‡¯’ï mv‡_I m¤úK©hy³|
nvBwRb ej‡Z, Amy¯’Zv ev †iv‡Mi we¯Ívi cÖwZ‡iv‡a e¨w³ I Zvi cvwicvwk¦K cwi‡ek cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ ivLv‡K eySvq|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm (Hygiene)
nvBwRb (Hygiene) kãwU MÖxK Hygienous †_‡K G‡m‡Q hvi A_© n‡”Q ¯^v¯’¨ m¤úwK©Z ev my¯^v¯’¨ msiÿY| A_©vr my¯’
Rxe‡bi Rb¨ wb‡R Ges wb‡Ri Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek‡K cwi”Qbœ Ges †iv‡Mi msµgb I Amy¯’Zv cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ †h
Af¨vm PP©v Kiv nq ZvB nvBwRb ev ¯^v¯’¨f¨vm|
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v (Hygiene Education)
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶v n‡PQ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm ev nvBwRb wel‡q m‡PZbZv e„wØi Rb¨ RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`vb Kiv| mbvZb
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wk¶vq wmØvšÍ MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv I `vwqZ¡ Rb‡Mvôx‡K †`qv nq bv A_ev jw¶Z Rb‡Mvôxi ms¯‹…wZi K_v wPšÍv Kiv
nq bv| wKš‘ GLv‡b Ávbvfve Ges Af¨vm GB wek¦v‡mi Dci cÖwZwôZ †h, hw` RbMY‡K ïaygvÎ Zv‡ì fMœ¯^v‡¯’ï KviY
m¤ú‡K© ejv nq Zvn‡j Zviv wbR D‡`¨v‡MB AvPiY cwieZ©b Ki‡e| aviYv Kiv nq †h, hLb RbMY eyS‡Z cvi‡e wKfv‡e
m¨vwb‡Ukb ev cqtwb®‹vkb m¤úwK©Z †ivM¸‡jv Qovq ZLbB A¯^v¯’¨Ki Af¨vm¸‡jv Zviv MÖnY Ki‡e|
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi (Hygiene promotion)
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi n‡PQ wKQy mnvqK I MÖnY‡hvM¨ †KŠkj hv nvBwRb welqK Z_¨ Ávb e„wØi cvkvcvwk e¨w³i
Af¨vm ev AvPi‡Yi BwZevPK cwieZ©b NUvq| nvBwRb cÖ‡gvkb GKwU e„nËi ¯^v‡¯’¨vbœqb Kg©m~Pxi Ask we‡kl hv
¯^v‡¯’ï KvVv‡gvMZ welq¸‡jvi cÖwZ bRi †`q| cvkvcvwk RbM‡Yi e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨ I A‡bï ¯^v¯’¨ msµvšÍ welq¸‡jv

wPwýZ Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡ì ¶gZv I AvZœwek¦vm RvMv‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| mwZ¨Kv‡ii ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi n‡”Q Ggb
GKwU cÖwµqv hv e¨w³ Ges Rb‡Mvôx‡K Zv‡ì wb‡R‡ì Rxe‡bi cwieZ©‡bi cvkvcvwk Zv‡ì mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK Ges
cvwicvwk¦©K Ae¯’vi cwieZ©‡bI f~wgKv iv‡L| nvBwRb cÖmvi g~jZt wb‡¤œv³ †ÿÎmg~‡ni mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³:
1. m¨vwb‡Ukb nvBwRb ev gvby‡li gj-g~Î eë¯’vcbv/ AcmviY;
2. IqvUvi nvBwRb- wbivc` cvwbi Drm wbe©vPb, eënvi I iÿ‡eÿY;
3. cvi‡mvbvj nvBwRb-e¨w³MK ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPP©v (FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmmn);
4. dzW nvBwRb- Lvevi ˆZwi I eënvi;
5. BbfvBib‡g›Uvj nvBwRb - cvwievwiK I cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm †QvU b`©gv I cvwievwiK eR©¨ eë¯’vcbv)|
(National Hygiene Promotion Strategy: 2012)
nvBwRb cÖmvi AšÍ©f‚³ K‡i H mKj †KŠkj hv Drmvn cÖ`vb I mnRZi K‡i GKwU cÖwµqv‡K hvi mvnv‡h¨ RbMY wbiƒcY
K‡i, we‡ePbv cÖm~Z cQ›` K‡i, `vwe K‡i, Kvh©Ki Ges †UKmB K‡i nvBwRbMZ I ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z Af¨vm| GwU cwiwaf~³
K‡i e¨w³MZ, Mvn©¯’¨ I cwi‡ekMZ nvBwRb cÖmvi mswkøó Af¨vm¸‡jv‡K Ges †Kvb Kg© ev D‡`¨vM‡K hv †ivM-e¨wai
weiæ‡× m„wó K‡i cÖwZeÜKZv| ÔnvBwRb cÖmviÕ-‡K cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ukb-Gi mv‡_ we‡klfv‡e m¤úK©hy³ Kiv
n‡q‡Q|
Hygiene promotion includes strategies that encourage or facilitate a process whereby people assess,
make considered choices, demand, effect, and sustain hygienic and healthy behaviors.
This encompasses personal, domestic, and environmental hygiene practices and any action or
initiative taken to erect barriers to diseases.
In this strategy paper, the ‘Hygiene Promotion’ is considered particularly related to water supply and
sanitation.
nvBwRb Dbœ&q‡bi wbg©vY KvVv‡gvi Dci wfwË K‡i evsjv‡`‡ki cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ub eë¯’vi Rb¨ nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii
RvZxq †KŠkjcÎ ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| wbg©vY KvVv‡gvi Rb¨ 3wU g~j Dcv`vb n‡jv:
1. mnRjf¨Zv
2. nvBwRb cÖmvi I
3. AbyKyj cwi‡ek
GB 3wU Dcv`v‡bi mgš^‡q MwVZ GKwU mgwš^Z Kg©m~Px n‡jv ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi|
nvBwRb †d«g IqvK© (Hygiene Framework)

cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb RwbZ †ivM-e¨vwa cÖwZ‡iva KvVv‡gv:
nvW©Iq¨vi
DcKi‡Y
AwfMg¨Zv
cvwb mieivn cÖYvjx:
m¨vwb‡Ukb myweavw`;
cÖhyw³: nvBwRb wKU I
Ab¨vb¨ `ªe¨vw`
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z
AvPiY cÖmvi
AvPiY cwieZ©b Rb¨
†hvMv‡hvM (wewmwm);
DbœZ mvgvwRK wbqgvPvi;
Rb‡Mvôxi AskMÖnY;
mvgvwRK wecYb I
G¨vW‡fv‡Kwm|
cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb RwbZ †ivM-e¨vwa cÖwZ‡iva
mÿgZv
AbyKzj
bxwZgvjv Dbœqb;
Rb‡Mvôxi msMVb;
cÖvwZôvwbK ÿgZvqb I
wewb‡qvM|
Source: National Hygiene Promotion Strategy 2012
nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii (Hygiene Domains) †ÿÎmg~n
nvBwRb cÖmv‡ii wb‡`©kK bxwZgvjv (Guiding Princles)
¯^v¯’¨MZ AvPiY I mvgvwRK wbqgbxwZi cÖfv‡e †h mKj †ivM-e¨wa we¯Ívi jvf K‡i Zvi Avw½‡K nvBwRb cªmv‡ii
†ÿÎmg~n‡K e„nËi 5wU †kÖYx‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| †hgb-
1. m¨vwb‡Ukb nvBwRb ev gvby‡li gj-g~Î eë¯’vcbv/ AcmviY;
2. cvwbi nvBwRb- wbivc` cvwbi Drm wbe©vPb, eënvi I iÿ‡eÿY;
3. e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPh©v (FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmmn);
4. Lv‡`ï nvBwRb- Lvevi ˆZwi I eënvi;
5. cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm- cvwievwiK I cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm †QvU b`©gv I cvwievwiK eR©¨ eë¯’vcbv)|
RvZxq I AvšÍRvwZK ch©v‡q m‡e©v”P mdj I Kvh©Ki ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi Kg©m~Px m¤ú‡K© Ávb Avni‡Yi †cÖwÿ‡Z
Kg©m~Pxi mKj ch©v‡q I ¯Í‡i AbymiYxq †gŠwjK bxwZmg~n n‡jv-
ŸcÖv_wgKfv‡e †eu‡P _vKv I my¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wbivc` cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb Kg©m~Pxi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask wn‡m‡e
we‡ewPZ n‡e|

ŸcwiKíbv cÖYqb, ev¯Íevqb I gwbUwis cÖwµqvq Ges GjvKv wfwËK êwk‡óï †cÖÿvc‡U mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK I
cªhyw³MZ h_v_©Zvq mKj Kg©Kv‡Ði †K‡›`ª _vK‡e Rb‡Mvôx|
Ÿ†mev cÖ`vbKvix I Kg©m~Px cÖYqbKvix KZ…©cÿ we‡Kw›`ªK…Z n‡e|
Ÿ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm AbykxjbB n‡”Q m¤§vb I gh©v`v|
Ÿ†UKmB ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm PP©vi Rb¨ Pvwn`v m„wó|
Ÿgvb Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ wewb‡qvM I Askx`vwiZ¡ m„wó Ges †UKmB Kivi Rb¨ m‡PZbZv e„w×, mÿgZv AR©b, nvBwRb
cÖmvi, ¯’vbxq m¤ú‡ì eënvi Ges A_©ms¯’vb c×wZ m„Rb|
Ÿ†RÛvi ms‡e`bkxj c×wZ‡Z gwnjv, evwjKv I wkï‡ì mywbw`ó Pvwn`v wbY©q|
ŸRiæwi Ae¯’v †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ cÖ¯ÍÍwZ|
ŸcÖwZeÜxevÜe c×wZ‡Z wewfbœ gvÎvq gwnjv cyiæl I wkï‡ì mgm¨v †gvKv‡ejv|
Ÿcvwb I gjevwnZ †iv‡Mi g‡a¨ m‡ev©”P `yN©Ubvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q- Wvqwiqv, K…wg msµgb I k¦vm-cªk¦vm RwbZ `~lY;
ŸAch©vß m¨vwb‡Uk‡bi Kvi‡Y cÖwZeQi Avgv‡ì RvZxq A_©bxwZi 5.3% ÿwZ nq;
ŸAKvj g„Zyï Kvi‡Y cÖwZ eQi Avgv‡ì †`‡k 195 wewjqb-Gi †ekx A_©‰bwZK ÿwZ nq;
ŸcÖwZ eQi Avgv‡ì †`‡k 31.9 wewjqb gvby‡li ¯^v¯’¨ welqK ÿwZ nq (evwo‡Z, K‡g© I ¯‹z‡j mgq AcPq);
ŸDbœZ cvwb I m¨vwb‡Ukb my‡hvM-myweav 99% Wvqwiqv †ivM, 90% Avgvkq †ivM Ges 51% K…wg msµvgY †ivM
Kwg‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i;
ŸLvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ †avqv wkï‡ì Wvqwiqv RwbZ †ivM I g„Zzï nvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ nv‡i Kwg‡q Avb‡Z
cv‡i|
(Source: National Hygiene Promotion Strategy 2012)
Av_©-mvgvwRK cÖfve

Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg : mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎv
Awa‡ekb Dc-welq : mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvi †cÖÿvcU
8wU jÿ¨ I Iqvk-Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ jÿ¨mg~n
D‡Ïk¨ : mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎv m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
8wU jÿ¨ I Iqvk-Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ jÿ¨mg~n m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡e Ges
Ab¨‡`i Kv‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
c×wZ : Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ DËi I Dc¯’vcb
DcKiY : wfc KvW© I gvwëwgwWqv
mgq : 25 NÈv
Awa‡ekb : 04

avc 1
mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡ì wbKU †_‡K mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvi
†cÖÿvcU m¤ú‡K© aviYv Rvbvi Rb¨ wfc KvW© c×wZ eënvi Ki‡Z
cv‡ib A_ev AskMÖnYKvixi K‡qK R‡bi wbKU mn¯ªvã Dbœqb
jÿ¨gvÎvi †cÖÿvcU m¤ú‡K© ïb‡eb| Zvici mnvqK mK‡ji
gZvgZ wgwj‡q †`Lvi Rb¨ mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvi †cÖÿvcU
m¤ú‡K© GKwU gvwëwgwWqv Dc¯’vcbv Ki‡eb|
avc 2
mnvqK G c‡e© 8wU jÿ¨ I Iqvk-Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ jÿ¨mg~n I
Gi jÿ¨gvÎv wb‡q gvwëwgwWqvi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcbvi gva¨‡g
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges 8wU jÿ¨gvÎvi mv‡_ †Kvb †KvbwUi mv‡_
Iqvk mivmwi mn¯ªvã Dbœqb jÿ¨gvÎvq Ae`vb ivL‡Z cvi‡Q
Av‡jvPbvi ga¨ w`‡q Awa‡ekb †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ
DËi,
Dc¯’vcbv
Av‡jvPbv,
Dc¯’vcbv
10 wgwbU
15 wgwbU
wfc KvW© I
gvwëwgwWqv
gvK©vi I
gvwëwgwWqv
mnvqK Z_¨: 04
mnmªvã ev wg‡jwbqvg Dbœqb j¶¨ (MDG-Millennium Development Goals)
2000 mv‡ji 6-8 †m‡Þ¤î RvwZms‡N Ômnmªvã kxl© êVKÕ AbywôZ nq| bZzb mnmªv‡ãi ïiæ‡Z †`‡k †`‡k `vwi`ª, ¶zav
I †ivM, wbi¶iZv, cwi‡e‡ki Ae¶q Ges bvixi cÖwZ êl‡gï weiæ‡× msMÖvg Ges we‡k¦i Dbœq‡b Askx`vwiZ¡ evov‡bvi
Rb¨ we‡k¦i †bZviv mgqvbyM I cwigvc‡hvM¨ 8wU j¶¨ I cÖ‡Z¨KwU j‡¶ï wecix‡Z †gvU 18wU j¶¨gvÎv avh© K‡ib|
GBme mw¤§wjZ wek¦e¨vcx j¶¨ I j¶¨gvÎv AvR Ômn¯ªvã Dbœqb j¶¨Õ bv‡g cwiwPwZ AR©b K‡i‡Q Ges RvwZms‡Ni
mKj m`m¨‡`‡k Zv M„nxZ n‡q‡Q| kxl© êV‡Ki †k‡l Ômnmªvã †NvlYvqÕ †h mKj j¶¨ AR©‡b KiYxq welqmg~n Zz‡j
aiv n‡q‡Q Zv wbgœiƒc:
j¶¨
j¶¨ 1 : Pig `vwi`ª I ¶zav wbg©~j Kiv
j¶¨ 2 : mve©Rbxb cÖv_wgK wk¶v wbwðZ Kiv
j¶¨ 3 : bvix-cyiæ‡li mgZv I bvixi ¶gZvqb
j¶¨ 4 : wkï g„Zz¨ n«vm
j¶¨ 5 : cÖm~wZ-¯^v‡¯’ï Dbœqb mvab
j¶¨ 6 : GBP AvB wf/GBWm, g¨v‡jwiqv Ges Ab¨vb¨ †iv‡Mi †gvKv‡ejv
j¶¨ 7 : †UuKmB cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kiv
j¶¨ 8 : DbœwZi j‡¶¨ wek¦e¨vcx Askx`vixZ¡ M‡o †Zvjv
j¶¨ 1 : Pig `vwi`ª I ¶zav wbg©~j Kiv
j¶¨gvÎv 1| hv‡ì Avq w`bcÖwZ 1 Wjv‡ii Kg, 1990 †_‡K 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ Zv‡ì msL¨v A‡a©‡K Kwg‡q Avbv|
j¶¨gvÎv 2| 1990 †_‡K 2015 mv‡ji †gvU Rb‡Mvôx‡Z ¶yavZ© gvby‡li msL¨v A‡a©‡K Kwg‡q Avbv|

j¶¨ 2 : mve©Rbxb cÖv_wgK wk¶v wbwðZ Kiv
j¶¨gvÎv 3| 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ †Q‡j-†g‡q wbwe©‡k‡l mKj wkï hv‡Z cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi wk¶vµg c~Y© Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv
wbwðZ Kiv
j¶¨ 3 : bvix-cyiæ‡li mgZv I bvixi ¶gZvqb
j¶¨gvÎv 4| 2005 mv‡ji g‡a¨ cÖv_wgK I gva¨wgK ch©v‡q Ges 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ mKj wk¶v¯Í‡i bvix-cyiæ‡li
êlg¨ `~i Kiv
j¶¨ 4 : wkï g„Zy¨ n«vm
j¶¨gvÎv 5| 1990 †_‡K 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ 5 erm‡ii Kg eqmx wkï‡ì g„Zyï nvi `yB-Z…Zxqvsk n«vm Kiv
j¶¨ 5 : cÖm~wZ-¯^v‡¯’ï Dbœqb mvab
j¶¨gvÎv 6| 1990 n‡Z 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ cÖmeKvjxb g„Zz¨nvi wZb-PZz_©vsk n«vm Kiv
j¶¨ 6 : GBP AvB wf/GBWm, g¨v‡jwiqv Ges Ab¨vb¨ †iv‡Mi †gvKv‡ejv
j¶¨gvÎv 7| 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ GBP AvB wf/GBWm Gi we¯Ívi †iva Ges †ivMxi msL¨v n«vm Kiv
j¶¨gvÎv 8| 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ g¨v‡jwiqv †iv‡Mi we¯Ívi †iva Ges †ivMxi msL¨v n«vm Kiv
j¶¨ 7 : †UuKmB cwi‡ek wbwðZ Kiv
j¶¨gvÎv 9| RvZxq ch©v‡qi bxwZ I Kvh©µ‡g Dbœqb bxwZgvjv A½xf~Z Kiv Ges cwi‡ekMZ m¤ú‡ì ¶q †iva Kiv
j¶¨gvÎv 10| wbivc` cvwbewÂZ RbmsL¨v 2015 mv‡ji g‡a¨ A‡a©‡K bvwg‡q Avbv
j¶¨gvÎv 11| 2020 mv‡ji g‡a¨ b~¨bZg 10 †KvwU ew¯Íevmxi RxebhvÎvi gvb j¶Ÿxqfv‡e DbœZ Kiv
j¶¨ 8 : DbœwZi j‡¶¨ wek¦e¨vcx Askx`vixZ¡ M‡o †Zvjv
j¶¨gvÎv 12| GKwU gy³, wbqg-wfwËK, wbwðZ I êlg¨nxb evwYR¨ I A_©eë¯’v M‡o †Zvjv †hLv‡b mymvkb, Dbœqb I
`vwi`ª `~ixKi‡Y †`kxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK msKí hy³ n‡e
j¶¨gvÎv 13| ¯^‡ívbœZ †`‡ki (Gj wW wm) we‡kl cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi eë¯’v MÖnY Kiv| Gi g‡a¨ _vK‡e: ïé I
†KvUvgy³ ißvwbi my‡hvM; Mfxifv‡e FYMÖ¯Í †`‡ki Rb¨ FYgyw³ Kvh©µg †Rvi`vi Kiv Ges wØcvw¶K FY Ae‡jvcb
Kiv; `vwi`ª `~ixKi‡Y msKíe× †`k‡K AwaK cwigv‡b I Dbœqb mvnvh¨ cÖ`vb Kiv|

Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg : nvBwRb g‡Wj
Awa‡ekb Dc-welq : nvBwRb g‡Wj Kx, Gi D‡Ïk¨, djvdj, ev¯Íevqb †KŠkj
nvBwRb g¨vwUª·
nvBwRb g‡Wj WvqvMªvg
nvBwRb g‡Wj ev¯Íevq‡bi †KŠkj
nvBwRb Uzj&m/DcKiY
D‡Ïk¨ : nvBwRb g‡Wj, g‡W‡ji D‡Ïk¨, djvdj I ev¯Íevqb †KŠkj m¤ú‡K© aviYv
cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb;
nvBwRb g¨vwUª· I g‡Wj m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡e Ges Ab¨‡`i Kv‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb;
nvBwRb g‡Wj-Gi ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wkÿv Uzj&m/DcKiY I ev¯Íevq‡bi †KŠkj/
Dcvq m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
c×wZ : Av‡jvPbv, cÖ‡kœvËi, evR`j, †QvU `‡j KvR, Dc¯’vcb gvwëwgwWqv cÖ`k©b
DcKiY : wfc KvW©, †cv÷vi †ccvi, gvK©vi, mvBb †cb, eªvDb †ccvi, gvwëwgwWqv
mgq : 1 NÈv
Awa‡ekb : 05

avc 1
mnvqK mKj AskMÖnYKvix‡ì 5 evR/eo `‡j fvM K‡i
nvBwR‡bi 5wU wel‡qi Dci `jxq KvR Ki‡Z w`‡eb (RvZxq
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi †KŠkjcÎ 2014 Gi Av‡jv‡K)| `jxq wel‡qi
mv‡_ AšÍ©f~³ _vK‡e (Pi †cÖÿvc‡U)-wK wK mgm¨v Av‡Q, Kviv G
mgm¨vq †ekx Kó cvq, mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Dcvq/†KŠkj wK n‡Z
cv‡i, mgvav‡b Kv‡ì m¤ú„³Zv ìKvi? `jxq KvR †k‡l cÖwZwU
`j Zv‡ì KvR Dc¯’vcb Ki‡eb Ges `jxq Dc¯’vcb †k‡l
Dc¯’vwcZ dvBbwWsm Dci GKwU gy³ Av‡jvPbv Ges †mkb †_‡K
GKwU w`K wb‡`©kbv †ewi‡q Avm‡e|
avc 2
G c‡e© mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡ì nvBwRb g‡Wj m¤úwK©Z GKwU
my¯úó aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb Ges ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm wkÿv Uzj&m/DcKiY
Av‡Q cÖ‡Z¨KwU DcKi‡Yi bvg, D‡Ïk¨ I eënvi wewa wb‡q
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| AskMÖnYKvix‡ì Uzjm&/DcKiY eënvi
m¤úwK©Z c~e© AwfÁZv _vK‡j Zv‡ì Kv‡Qi †kvbv †h‡Z cv‡i
(DcKiY wb‡q Av‡iv †Kvb cÖkœ _vK‡j DcKiY wb‡q c„_K †h
†mkb Av‡Q †mLv‡b Av‡jvPbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i)|
avc 3
mnvqK G c‡e© nvBwRb g‡Wj Gi gvwUª· I WvqvMÖv‡gi Dci wfwË
K‡i AskMÖnYKvix‡ì 5wU `‡j fvM cÖwZwU `j‡K 1wU nvBwRb Bmy
wb‡q wb‡¤œv³fv‡e `jxq KvR Ki‡Z ej‡eb:
ŸAvgiv Bmy ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ wK wK KvR Kie (Pjgvb Kv‡Ri
cvkvcvwk);
ŸwKfv‡e ev †Kvb c×wZ‡Z KvR Kie;
ŸwK wK DcKiY jvM‡e Ges KZUzKz mgq jvM‡Z cv‡i;
ŸwK wK djvdj Avm‡e|
`jxq KvR †k‡l mKj `j Zv‡ì `jxq KvR Dc¯’vcb Ki‡eb|
`jxq Dc¯’vcbv †k‡l mnvqK mKj‡K abëv` Rvwb‡q G
Awa‡ekb †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv,
evR`j,
Dc¯’vcb I
gy³ Av‡jvPbv
Av‡jvPbv,
Dc¯’vcbv I
cÖ‡kœvËi
cÖ‡kœvËi I
Dc¯’vcbv
30 wgwbU
15 wgwbU
15 wgwbU
mvBb †cb,
gvK©vi I eªvDb
†ccvi
nvBwRb
DcKiY I
gvwëwgwWqv
gvK©vi
mvBb †cb,
gvK©vi I eªvDb
†ccvi

nvBRb g‡Wj (Hygiene Model)
nvBwRb gvwUª· gvV ch©v‡q ev¯Íevq‡bi GKwU †KŠkjMZ w`K wb‡`©kbv n‡jv nvBwRb g‡Wj| G g‡WjwU Pi RxweKvqb
Kg©m~Pxi gvV ch©v‡qi Pvwn`v,ÔcÖwkÿY Pvwn`v wbiƒcYÕ, ÔjÛb nvBwRb ¯‹yj G¨vÛ UªwcK¨vj †gwWwmbÕ Ges ÔRvZxq
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi †KŠkjcÎ 2012Õ Gi g‡a¨ mgš^q K‡i ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| G g‡W‡j Pievmx‡ì ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cwieZ©b,
Dbœqb I ¯’vqxZ¡kxjZvi Rb¨ wewfbœ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †KŠkjMZ w`K wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| w`K wb‡`©kbvi g‡a¨
D‡jøL‡hvM¨ n‡jv:
Ÿg‡W‡ji D‡Ïk¨;
Ÿmgq Kvj: 16 gvm;
ŸnvBwRb g¨vwUª· I g‡Wj WvqvMÖvg;
Ÿev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’vi mÿgZv Dbœqb;
ŸcÖZ¨vwkZ djvdj;
ŸwfwWwmÕi mÿgZv Dbœqb;
ŸgvV ch©v‡q nvBwRb Bmy I Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb c×wZ;
ŸAskMÖnYg~jK Kg©cwiKíbv cÖYqb, ev¯Íevqb I gwbUwis;
Ÿmswkøó †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨;
ŸcÖKí †k‡l Kvh©µg n¯ÍvšÍi (Phase out) cÖwµqv I
Ÿ¯’vwqZ¡kxjZv|
ÔRvZxq ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cÖmvi †KŠkjcÎ 2012Õ G ewY©Z nvBwRb welqmg~‡ni ga¨ †_‡K †h mKj ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq Pievmx‡ì
Rb¨ AZ¨vekK †m¸‡jv wPwýZ Kiv ìKvi| G †KŠkjc‡Îi Av‡jv‡K, we‡kl K‡i Pi RxweKvqb Kg©m~Pxi Iqvk
K‡¤úv‡b›U Gi Ask wn‡m‡e ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Kvh©µg ev¯Íevqb I Pievmx‡ì †ivM-e¨wa cÖwZ‡iv‡ai j‡ÿ¨ GKwU ev¯Íe wfwËK
nvBwRb g‡Wj ˆZwi Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡qQ|
RvZxq ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi †KŠkjcÎ 2012Õ‡Z ewY©Z ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm welqmg~n wb‡¤œv³fv‡e AšÍf©~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zv
n‡jv-
1. m¨vwb‡Ukb nvBwRb ev gvby‡li gj-g~Î eë¯’vcbv;
2. IqvUvi nvBwRb-wbivc` cvwbi Drm wbe©vPb,eënvi I iÿYv‡eÿY;
3. cvi‡mvbvj nvBwRb-e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPh©v (FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vmmn);
4. dzW nvBwRb-Lvevi ˆZwi I eënvi;
5. BbfvBib‡g›Uvj nvBwRb-cvwievwiK I cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm (†QvU b`©gv I cvwievwiK eR©¨ eë¯’vcbv)|

nvBwRb g¨vwUª· (Hygiene Matrix)
nvBwRb gvwUª· nvBwRb g‡W‡ji GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask we‡kl| nvBwRb g‡W‡ji ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Askmgyn wb‡¤œ †`Lv‡bv n‡jv:
Bmy
1
nvZ †avqv
2
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z
cvqLvbv
3
wbivc`
cvwb
(WSP-
Gi
Av‡jv‡K)
evZ©v c×wZ Uzj/DcKiYmgq
1. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M
mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
2. cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi
Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ
ayB
3. cwiev‡ii mevB †kŠPKvh©
Kivi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB
nvZ ayB
4. wkïi gj cwi®‹vi I
†kŠPKvh© Kiv‡bvi c‡i
mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
5. †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi
ci/ KxUbvkK eënv‡ii
c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ
ayB
1. cwiev‡ii mevB
¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv
eënvi Kwi
2. m¨v‡Ûj cv‡q w`‡q
cvqLvbv eënvi Kwi
3. cvqLvbv eënv‡ii ci
wbqwgZ Zv cwi®‹vi I
iÿYv‡eÿY Kwi
1. Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc`
ivwL
2. cvwb fivi Av‡M
Kjm/cv‡Îi wfZi-evwni
fv‡jvfv‡e †g‡S ay‡q †bB
3. cvwb en‡bi mgq XvKbv
w`‡q †X‡K Avwb
4. cvwbi cvÎ/Kjm DuPz
¯’v‡b †X‡K ivwL
5. wbivc` Dcv‡q cvwb cvb
Kwi
DVvb êVK
†Mgm
†jvK msMxZ,
MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
DVvb êVK
ivYx-iwe
†jvK msMxZ,
MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
DVvb êVK
†Mgm
†jvK msMxZ,
MYmgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
cU
d¬vk KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_
†evW© mvevb
I cvwb
cU
d¬vk KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_
†evW©, mvevb
I cvwb
cU
d¬vk KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_
†evW©, mvevb
I cvwb
4 gvm
4 gvm
4 gvm
jwÿZ
Rb‡Mvôx
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
gva¨g/`j
gvV ch©v‡qi
Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix `j
msMxZ `j
gvV ch©v‡qi
Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix `j
msMxZ `j
gvV ch©v‡qi
Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix `j
msMxZ `j

Bmy evZ©v c×wZ Uzj/DcKiYmgq jwÿZ
Rb‡Mvôx
gva¨g/`j
4
e¨w³MZ
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
5
cwi‡ek
MZ
¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
1. b¨vcwKb/cwi®‹vi Kvco
eënvi Kwi
2. eëüZ Kvco mvevb w`‡q
aBy I †iŠ‡`ª ïKvB
3. mwVK Dcv‡q Kvco
msiÿY Kwi
e¨w³MZ cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
1. cwiev‡ii mK‡j iv‡Z
Nygv‡Z hvIqvi Av‡M I
mKv‡j LvIqvi ci ùvZ
eªvk Kwi
2. cwiev‡ii mK‡j wbqwgZ
bL KvwU
1. evwoi Pvicvk I
†MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi ivwL
2. cvwievwiK AveR©bv
K‡¤úv÷ M‡Z© ivwL
DVvb êVK
DVvb êVK
†jvK msMxZ,
MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
†jvK msMxZ,
MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
†jvK msMxZ,
MY mgv‡ek I
cÖ`k©bx
d¬vk KvW©
cU I d¬vk
KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_
†evW© mvevb
I cvwb
cU I d¬vk
KvW©
w¯ŒÞ I kc_
†evW© mvevb
I cvwb
2 gvm
2 gvm
wK‡kvix I
gv
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
gvV ch©v‡qi
Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvix `j
gvV ch©v‡qi
Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix `j
msMxZ `j
gvV ch©v‡qi
Kg©x Ges gv I
wK‡kvi-
wK‡kvix `j
msMxZ `j

nvBRb g‡Wj (Hygiene Model) WvqvMÖvg
nvBwRb gvwUª· nvBwRb g‡W‡ji GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask we‡kl| nvBwRb gvwUª· gvV ch©v‡q ev¯Íevq‡bi GKwU †KŠkjMZ
w`K wb‡`©kbvB n‡jv nvBwRb g‡Wj|
cwiev‡ii
mKjm`m¨
5wUevZ©v
DcKiY
cU,d¬vkKvW©,w¯ŒÞ
Ikc_†evW©
c×wZ
DVvbêVK,†Mgm,
†jŠKmsMxZ
gva¨g
gv`j
wbivc`cvwb
1.LvevicvwbiDrmwbivcìvwL
2.cvwbfiviAv‡MKjmevcv‡Îi
wfZi-evwnifv‡jvfv‡e†g‡Ray‡q†bB
3.cvwben‡bimgqXvKbvw`‡q†X‡K
Avwb
4.cvwbiKjmevcvÎDPuz¯v’‡b†X‡KivwL
5.wbivc`Dcv‡qcvwbcvbKwi
4gvmcÖ‡qvRb
cwiev‡iimKjm`m¨
2wUevZ©v
DcKiYd¬vkKvW©Iw÷Kvi
c×wZ†jŠKmsMxZI
MYmgv‡ek
gva¨ggvIwkïmsMxZ`jcwi‡ekMZcwi”QbœZv
1.evwoiPvicvkI†MvqvjNi
cwi®‹viivwL
2.cvwievwiKAveR©bvK‡¤úv÷
ˆZwiiM‡Z©ivwL
2gvmcÖ‡qvRb
cwiev‡ii
mKjm`m¨
3wUevZ©v
DcKiY
cU,d¬vkKvW©,w¯ŒÞ
Ikc_†evW©
c×wZ
DVvbêVK,†Mgm,
†jŠKmsMxZ
gva¨g
gvIwkï
msMxZ`j
m¨vwb‡Ukb
1.cwiev‡iimevB¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z
cvqLvbveënviKwi
2.cvqLvbveënv‡iic‡i
wbqwgZcwi®‹viI
iÿYv‡eÿYKwi
3.m¨v‡Ûjcv‡qw`‡qcvqLvbv
eënviKwi
4 gvm cÖ‡qvRb
cwiev‡ii
mKj m`m¨
5wU evZ©v
DcKiY
cU, d¬vk KvW©, w¯ŒÞ
I kc_ †evW©
c×wZ
DVvb êVK, †Mgm,
†jŠK msMxZ
gva¨g
gv I wkï
msMxZ `j
nvZ †avqv
1.wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `By
nvZ aBy
2.cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q
`By nvZ aBy
3.cwiev‡ii mevB †kŠPKvh© Kivi c‡i mvevb
w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
4.wkïi gj cwi®‹vi I †kŠPKvh© Kiv‡bvi
c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
5.†MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi c‡i I KxUbvkK
eënv‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
4gvmcÖ‡qvRb
wK‡kvixIgv
5wUevZ©v
DcKiY
d¬vkKvW©I w÷Kvi
c×wZ DVvbêVK
gva¨g gvIwK‡kvix e¨vw³MZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
FZzKvjxb¯^v¯’¨‡mev
1.FZzKvjxbmg‡qb¨vcwKbevcwi®‹vi
KvcoeënviKwi|
2.eëüZKvcomvevbIcwi®‹vicvwb
w`‡qayB|
3.eëüZKvco†avqvici†iŠ‡`ª
fv‡jvfv‡eïKvB|
cwi‡ekcwi”QbœZv
4.eëüZKvcomwVKDcv‡qmsiÿY
Kwi| 5.eëüZb¨vcwKbevcwiZ¨³Kvco
wbw`©óM‡Z©cy‡ZivwL|
2gvmcÖ‡qvRb
5 Bmy

Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg : †hvMv‡hvM
Awa‡ekb Dc-welq : †hvMv‡hvM aviYv I Kvh©Kix †hvMv‡hvM
†hvMv‡hv‡M evav
†hvMv‡hvM g‡Wj
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi †ÿÎ I Bmy
D‡Ïk¨ : †hvMv‡hvM I Kvh©Kix †hvMv‡hvM m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb
†hvMv‡hvM evav m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi Dcv`vb I †hvMv‡hvM g‡Wj, †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †ÿÎ I Bmy m¤ú‡K©
aviYv cv‡eb, e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
c×wZ : Av‡jvPbv, Awfbq, †Mgm, cÖ‡kœvËi, evR`j, gvwëwgwWqv cÖ`k©b
DcKiY : †cv÷vi gvK©vi, gvwëwgwWqv
mgq : 1 NÈv
Awa‡ekb : 06

avc 01
mnvqK GKwU KvM‡R Z_ëûj evK¨ wj‡L AskMÖnYKvix‡ì g‡a¨
whwb mnvq‡Ki Kv‡Q e‡m Av‡Qb Zvi Kv‡b Kv‡b KvM‡R †jLv
evK¨wU ej‡eb †hb cv‡ki Rb ïb‡Z bv cvb| Gevi ch©vqµ‡g
G‡K A‡bï Kv‡b Kv‡b evK¨wU ej‡eb| mevi †k‡l whwb evK¨wU
ïb‡eb wZwb wK ïb‡jb Zv mK‡ji D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡eb (mnvqK
wel‡qi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Ab¨ †MgI w`‡Z cv‡ib)|
mnvqK Gevi wgwj‡q wb‡eb †kl AskMÖnYKvix wK ej‡jb Ges
KvM‡R wK †jLv wQj| Gi ga¨ w`‡q mnvqK †hvMv‡hvM m¤ú‡K©
Av‡jvPbv ïiæ Ki‡eb I Kvh©Kix †hvMv‡hv‡Mi aviYv †`‡eb|
avc 02
mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡ì 3/4 Rb‡K †QvU †QvU `‡j fvM K‡i
Zv‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡eb †hvMv‡hv‡M evav wK n‡Z cv‡i? `jxq fv‡e
Zv‡ì DËi †eo Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges Zv‡ì DËi¸wj †cv÷v‡i
wj‡L BwZc~‡e© Kiv †Ljvi mv‡_ wgwj‡q †`L‡eb †Kv_vq †Kv_vq
evav wQj Ges Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|
avc 03
G c‡e© mnvqK Pi RxweKvqb Kg©m~Pxi Pievmxi ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb
cÖwµqv †Kgb n‡e, AskMÖnYKvix‡ì gZvgZ hvPvB Ki‡eb Ges
cwi‡k‡l mnvqK Pi RxweKvqb Kg©m~Pxi Pievmxi ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
Dbœqb cÖwµqv Dc¯’vc‡bi ga¨ w`‡q G Awa‡ekb †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv I
†Ljv
Av‡jvPbv,
evR`j,
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
Av‡jvPbv I
Dc¯’vcbv
25
20 wgwbU
15 wgwbU
wgwbU gvwëwgwWqv
†cv÷vi gvK©vi
gvwëwgwWqv
gvwëwgwWqv
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi aviYv (Communication)
†hvMv‡hvM (Communication) kãwU j¨vwUb Kgy¨wbm (Communis) kã †_‡K D™¢zZ, hvi A_© n‡”Q mvaviY| ZvB
†hvMv‡hvM ej‡Z `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK e¨w³i g‡a¨ fve wewbg‡qi gva¨‡g ÒmvaviY mg‡SvZvqÓ †cuŠQv‡bv‡KB eySvq|
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi welqe¯‘i Dci wfwË K‡iB †cÖiK I MÖvnK Df‡qi g‡a¨ ms‡hvM mvwaZ nq Ges cÖ_g R‡bi wbKU n‡Z
wØZxq R‡bi wbKU Áv‡bi mÂvjb nq| †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ gvbyl ms‡KZ, fvlv, wPÎ, bvbv cÖKvi bKkv I f½x eënvi K‡i
_v‡K|
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi evav
Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖwµqv| G cÖwµqvwU A‡bK¸‡jv wel‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i| GB welq¸‡jv
KLbI †hvMv‡hvM‡K mnR K‡i Avevi evavMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wewfbœ ch©v‡qi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ evav¸‡jv n‡jv:

e¨w³‡Kw›`ªK evav Ab¨vb¨ evavmg~nfvlvMZ evavmvsMVwbK evav
Ÿ`ÿZvi ch©vq
ŸAwfÁZv
ŸB‡Mv
Ÿ†kvbvi `ÿZv
ŸAv‡eM, Abyf~wZ
ŸAwek¦vm
ŸKvVv‡gvMZ evav
Ÿeë¯’vcbvi aiY
ŸmvsMV‡bi cwi‡ek
ŸKZ„©c‡ÿi f~wgKv
ŸmvsMVwbK
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi aiY
ŸmnKgx©, Awab¯Í‡ì
mv‡_ ØÜ
ŸAwaK Z_¨
ŸAbyc‡hvMx cwi‡ek
Ÿwelq Gi Lvivc w`K
jyKv‡bv
ŸAgb‡hvMx(Dfq cÿ)
ŸAm¤ú~Y© Z_¨
ŸAmg mvs¯‹…wZ
Ÿ†RÛvi
ŸRwUj kã eënvi
ŸKvwiMwi Ávb I kã
ŸAvÂwjK fvlvi
eënvi
ŸfvlvMZ cv_©K¨
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi cÖwµqv/g‡Wj
†hvMv‡hv‡Mi djvdj wbf©i K‡i †hvMv‡hvMKvixi `ÿZv I AwfÁZv, evZ©vi aiY, wKfv‡e ev †Kvb gva¨g/c×wZ‡Z evZ©v
cÖ`vb Kiv n‡”Q Ges †K ev Kviv G evZ©v MÖnY Ki‡Q Zv‡ì Dci| j¨vmI‡qj KZ…©K †hvMv‡hv‡Mi g‡WjwU wb¤œiƒc-
†K Who
†hvMv‡hvMKvix
Communicator
wK ej‡Q What
evZ©v
Messages
†Kvb gva¨‡g
In which
gva¨g
Media
Kv‡K ej‡Q
To whom
MÖnYKvix
Receiver
djvdj
With what
effect
djvdj
Effect
wPÎ: †hvMv‡hv‡Mi j¨vmI‡qj g‡Wj
Pi RxweKvqb Kg©m~Pxi Pievmxi ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb cÖwµqv n‡e wb¤œiƒc-
†hvMv‡hvMKvix/ evZ©v
cÖ`vbKvix
evZ©v
ev¯ÍevqbKvix ms¯’v ch©v‡q
†Uªwbs Awdmvi, KwgDwbwU †W‡fjc‡g›U mycvifvBRvi, wbDwUªkb mycvifvBRvi, †nj&_
mycvifvBRvi, wf‡jR †mwfsm mycvifvBRvi, KwgDwbwU †W‡fjc‡g›U Awdmvi, wf‡jR
†mwfsm Awdmvi I wbDwUªkb Awdmvi
KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q
Pi ¯^v¯’¨ Kg©x, Pi cywó Kg©x, wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix Ges MÖvg Dbœqb KwgwUi (wfwWwm) m`m¨
nvZ †avqv
1. wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
2. cwiev‡ii mevB LvIqvi Av‡M mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
3. cwiev‡ii mevB †kŠPKvh© Kivi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
4. wkïi gj cwi®‹vi I †kŠPKvh© Kiv‡bvi c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB
5. †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi Kivi ci/KxUbvkK eënv‡ii c‡i mvevb w`‡q `yB nvZ ayB

gva¨g
c×wZ/†KŠkj
DcKiY
evZ©v MÖnYKvix
djvdj
m¨vwb‡Ukb
1. cwiev‡ii mevB ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv eënvi Kwi
2. m¨v‡Ûj cv‡q w`‡q cvqLvbv eënvi Kwi
3. cvqLvbv eënv‡ii ci wbqwgZ Zv cwi®‹vi I iÿYv‡eÿY Kwi
wbivc` cvwb
1. Lvevi cvwbi Drm wbivc` ivwL
2. cvwb fivi Av‡M Kjm/cv‡Îi wfZi-evwni fv‡jvfv‡e †g‡S ay‡q †bB
3. cvwb en‡bi mgq XvKbv w`‡q †X‡K Avwb
4. cvwbi cvÎ/Kjm DuPz ¯’v‡b †X‡K ivwL
5. wbivc` Dcv‡q cvwb cvb Kwi
e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
1. b¨vcwKb/ cwi®‹vi Kvco eënvi Kwi
2. eëüZ Kvco mvevb w`‡q ayB I †iŠ‡`ª ïKvB
3. mwVK Dcv‡q Kvco msiÿY Kwi
e¨w³MZ cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv
1. cwiev‡ii mK‡j iv‡Z Nygv‡Z hvIqvi Av‡M I mKv‡j LvIqvi ci ùvZ eªvk Kwi
2. cwiev‡ii mK‡j wbqwgZ bL KvwU
cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
1. evwoi Pvicvk I †MvqvjNi cwi®‹vi ivwL
2. cvwievwiK AveR©bv K‡¤úv÷ M‡Z© ivwL
gvV ch©v‡qi Kg©x Ges gv I wK‡kvi-wK‡kvix `j, msMxZ `j, wfwWwm m`m¨
DVvb êVK, †jvK msMxZ, MY mgv‡ek I cÖ`k©bx I †Mgm
cU, d¬vk KvW©. w÷Kvi, †jvK msMxZ w¯ŒÞ I kc_ †evW©, mvevb I cvwb
Kg© GjvKvi cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨, wfwWwm I ag©xq †bZvMY
cwiev‡ii mKj m`m¨ ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv eënvi K‡i, wbivc` cvwb cvb K‡i, mwVK
wbq‡g nvZ †avq Ges e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨ cwiPP©v K‡i I cwi‡ekMZ cwi”QbœZvi Dbœqb n‡q‡Q|

Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg : mvgvwRK RvMiY
Dc-welq : mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi aviYv
mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi †ÿÎ I Bmy
mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi †KŠkj
D‡Ïk¨ : mvgvwRK RvMiY I Gi Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb
mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi †ÿÎ I Bmy m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb
mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi †KŠkj m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb, Kg©‡ÿ‡Î Zv ev¯Íevqb Kivi
`ÿZv AR©b Ki‡eb
c×wZ : Av‡jvPbv, †QvU `‡j KvR, f~wgKvwfbq, cÖkœ-DËi, gvwëwgwWqv cÖ`k©b
DcKiY : †KBm ÷¨vwW, wfc KvW©, AvU© jvBb gvK©vi, gvwëwgwWqv
mgq : 1 NÈv
Awa‡ekb : 07

mvgvwRK RvMiY (Social Mobilization)
mvgvwRK RvMiY Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv, †hLv‡b GK`j gvbyl mgvb myweav †fvM Kivi Rb¨ †f`v‡f` fy‡j wM‡q GKwU
AskMÖnYg~jK wmØvšÍ MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g mn‡hvwMZvi cwi‡e‡k m„wó K‡i| Ab¨fv‡e †`Lv hvq †h, GwU Ggb †hLv‡b
Rb‡Mvôx Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Bmy wbe©vPb Ki‡e Ges Zv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì g‡a¨ Av‡jvPbvi †ÿÎ ˆZwi
Ki‡e, hv Rb‡Mvôxi RxebhvÎvq BwZewPK cwieZ©b Av‡b|
Rb‡Mvôxi RvMi‡Yi gva¨‡g ‡Kvb cÖ‡qvRbxq Bmyi ev¯Íevqb I Zvi mvwe©K djvdj Kvh©Kifv‡e RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡bv
hvq hv `xN©¯’vqx nq I RbM‡Yi Dbœqb Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i|
mvgvwRK RvMiY n‡jv GKwU cÖwµqv hv †Kvb Kj¨vYKi Kg©m~Px m¤ú‡K© RbM‡Yi m‡PZbZv I Pvwn`v m„wó K‡i Ges AwZ
Aí mg‡qi g‡a¨ RbM‡Yi mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g Kg©m~Px‡K ¯’vqxZ¡kxj K‡i †Zv‡j|
avc 01
mnvqK mKj AskMÖnYKvix‡ì 3wU `‡j fvM K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K
1wU K‡i mgm¨vcÎ w`‡q mgvavb †ei K‡i Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z
ej‡eb| Gev‡i mnvqK mgm¨vcÎ I mgvav‡bi Av‡jv‡K
†gvwejvB‡Rkb/mvgvwRK RvMiY I Bmy m¤ú‡©K Av‡jvPbv
Ki‡eb|
avc 02
mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi cÖPvig~jK Kvh©µgmg~n Kx Kx Zv mnvqK
AskMÖnYKvix‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡eb| AskMÖnYKvix‡ì DËi †_‡K
cÖavb 3wU Kvh©µg evQvB K‡i 3wU `‡j fvM K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K
evQvBK…Z KvR‡K f~wgKvwfbq K‡i †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb| Gici
mnvqK Gi gva¨‡g mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi †KŠkj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv
Ki‡eb| mevB‡K abëv` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv †QvU
`‡j KvR
Av‡jvPbv I
f~wgKvwfbq
15
45 wgwbU
wgwbU gvwëwgwWqv
wfc KvW© I
gvwëwgwWqv
mgv‡Ri mKj
Rb‡Mvôxi
Pvwn`v m„wó
mK‡ji AskMÖnY

Rb‡Mvôxi RvMi‡Yi †KŠkjmg~n
ŸKwgDwbwU mfv;
ŸDVvb ‰eVK
ŸwK‡kvi wK‡kvix‡ì mv‡_ êVK;
ŸPv‡qi †`vKv‡b Av‡jvPbv
ŸLvbv cwi`k©b
Ÿ†QvU `‡j Av‡jvPbv
Ÿag©xq †bZv‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv
ŸwfwWI cÖ`k©b
Ÿi¨vwj, mfv, cÖPvivwfhvb BZ¨vw`|
cÖPviYvg~jK Kvh©µg
gvBwKs, †cv÷vwis, wjd‡jU I w÷Kvi weZiY, i¨vwj, cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK †Ljv, cvewjK wgwUs, mvs¯‹…wZK Kvh©µg-MY
bvUK, Rvix, †dvK Mvb, Z_¨ wfwËK PjwPÎ cÖ`k©bx, IqvUmvb wèm, m¨vwb‡Ukb gvm Drhvcb, wU ÷j †mkb, ag©xq
†bZv‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv, nv‡U †Xvj †cUv‡bv BZ¨vw`|
eD evRvi MÖv‡g 500 Lvbvi 2000 †jvK evm K‡i Ges Zv‡ì Kv‡iv LvIqvi c~‡e© Ges cvqLvbv eënv‡ii ci mvevb
w`‡q nvZ †avqvi Af¨vm bvB| GB cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †_‡K GKwU †emiKvix ms¯’v H GjvKvq kZ© mv‡c‡ÿ 3wU K‡i wd« mvevb
†`qvi eë¯’v Kij| kZ© n‡jv LvIqvi c~‡e© Ges cvqLvbv eënv‡ii ci mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡Z n‡e|
eD evRvi MÖv‡gi RbMY Lye Lykx| 3 gvm c‡i †`Lv †Mj †ekxifvM RbMY GLb LvIqvi c~‡e© Ges cvqLvbv eënv‡ii ci
mvevb w`‡q nvZ cwi®‹vi Ki‡Q| G Ae¯’vq RbM‡Yi Af¨vm cwieZ©b n‡q‡Q †f‡e wd« mvevb †`qv eÜ K‡i w`j|
cieZ©x 3 gvm ci Avevi Rixc K‡i †`Lv †Mj †ekxi fvM gvbylB Avi mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avq bv|
cÖkœ
1. eD evRvi MÖv‡gi RbM‡Yi †Kb mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avqvi Af¨vm n‡jv bv?
2. gvby‡li Af¨vm cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ wK cÖ‡qvRb?
Av‡jvPbv: KviY Qvov gvbyl †Kvb KvR K‡i bv Ges fvj Af¨vm ˆZwi nq bv| ZvrÿwYKfv‡e †Kvb k‡Z©i Kvi‡Y wKQz
Ki‡j Zv ¯’vqx nq bv| gvby‡li †h †Kvb Af¨vm cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ Zv‡K cÖ_‡g eZ©gvb Af¨vmwUi Kzdj/ÿwZ m¤ú‡K© Rvbv
ìKvi| Kzdj/ÿwZ Rvbvi ci Af¨vm cwieZ©‡bi Pvwn`v m„wó nq| Pvwn`v m„wó n‡j A_©vr wK Ki‡j mydj n‡e Zv eyS‡Z
cvi‡j gvbyl †mB KvRwU Kivi †Póv K‡i Ges Ae¨vnZ iv‡L|
†KBm ÷vwW
mg¨mv-1

mg¨mv-2
mg¨mv-3
mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi †ÿÎ I Bmy
mvgvwRK RvMiY †KŠkj I †ÿÎ
eD evRvi MÖv‡g 500 Lvbvi 2000 RbMY evm K‡i Ges GB MÖv‡g †Kvb ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z cvqLvbv †bB| †emiKvix ms¯’vi
`vwqZ¡ cÖvß Kg©x iwdK mv‡ne H MÖv‡g wbqwgZ hvb Ges RbM†K †evSv‡bvi KvR ïiæ K‡ib| Rbve iwdK Zvi Ab¨vb¨
Kv‡Ri cvkvcvwk M‡o cÖwZw`b 4 Rb gvby‡li mv‡_ G wb‡q Avjvc K‡ib| Gi g‡a¨ 2 Rb Zvi K_v m¤ú~Y© g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q
†kv‡bb, 2 Rb Zv‡K cvËv †`b bv| 2 R‡bi g‡a¨ GKRb cvqLvbv ¯’vc‡b AvMÖnx nb Ges Ab¨Rb Zvi K_v †ev‡Sb bv|
1. Gfv‡e KvR Pj‡j 2000 RbMY‡K †evSv‡Z iwdK mv‡n‡ei KZw`b mgq jvM‡e Ges Gi djvdj wK n‡e?
2. 500 Lvbvi 2000 RbMY‡K Kg mg‡q †evSv‡bvi Rb¨ wK Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i?
Av‡jvPbv: M‡o iwdK mv‡n‡ei cÖvq 55 eQi mgq jvM‡e| wZwb KvR Ki‡Z RbmsL¨v Av‡iv †e‡o hv‡e Ges ZviI eqm
evo‡e cÖKí _vK‡e bv| Avevi bZzb cÖKí Avm‡e, bZzb †jvK Avm‡e ZZw`‡b Ae¯’v Av‡iv Lvivc n‡e| Gi Rb¨ weKí
wK n‡Z cv‡i Zvi Rb¨ wPšÍv Ki‡Z n‡e|
eD evRvi MÖv‡g 500 Lvbvi g‡a¨ 220wU cwievi nZ `wi`ª| Zviv Rv‡b Zv‡ì wbivc` cvwb cvb Kiv GKvšÍ cÖ‡qvRb
wKš‘ Zv‡ì cvwbi wbivc` Drm ch©vß bvB| d‡j cÖvqB GmKj cwiev‡ii †jvKRb bvbv ai‡Yi AmyL-wemyL †hgb-
Avgvkq, WvBwiqv, RwÛm BZ¨vw` †iv‡M †fv‡M| GgZve¯’vq MÖv‡gi Ab¨vb¨ mevB wm×všÍ wbj Zv‡ì cvwbi wbivc` Drm
¯’vcb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| wKš‘ wKfv‡e Zviv wbivc` cvwb cv‡e Zv Zv‡ì Rvbv bvB| wbivc` cvwb ch©vß Kivi Rb¨ Zviv
miKvi Ges †emiKvix ms¯’vi mvnvh¨ PvBj wKš‘ †KB Zv‡ì mvnvh¨ Ki‡jv bv| d‡j Zviv nZvk n‡q nvj †Q‡o w`j|
1. wKfv‡e wbivc` cvwb ch©vß Kiv hv‡e?
2. mgm¨vwU wKfv‡e mvgvwRK mgm¨vq iƒc †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i?
Av‡jvPbv: mgm¨vwU Avm‡j 220wU cwiev‡ii bq mgm¨vwU eD evRvi MÖv‡gi| hZÿY bv GUv mvgvwRK mgm¨v wnmv‡e
mevB eyS‡Z cvi‡e ZZÿY mK‡j wg‡j mgvav‡bi †Póv Ki‡e bv| wbivc` cvwb BmywU mvgvwRK mgm¨v wnmv‡e mwVKfv‡e
wfwWwm Ges BDwbqb cwil` ch©v‡q †cuŠQv‡bv †M‡j mgvavb m¤¢e|
1. nvZ †avqv
2. wbivc` cvwb
3. m¨vwb‡Ukb
4. e¨w³MZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm- FZzKvjxb ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm I cwi®‹vi-cwi”QbœZv
5. cwi‡ekMZ ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm
mvgvwRK RvMiY g~jZ mvgvwRK Av‡›`vj‡bi djvdj| Pi RxweKvqb Kg©m~Pxi Rb‡Mvôxi ¯^v¯’¨m¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi I
cwieZ©b P‡ii m‡e©v¯Í‡ii gvby‡li AskMÖnY I Zv‡ì mvgvwRK wbqg-Kvby‡bi (Social Norms) mv‡_ m¤ú„³| we‡kl
K‡i wewfbœ mvgvwRK cÖwZôvb; †hgb- gmwR`, gw›ì, we`¨vjq, K¬ve I mvgvwRK MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³e‡M©i f~wgKv AZ¨šÍ
¸iæZ¡c~Y©| evsjv‡`‡ki †cÿvc‡U mvgvwRK †h †Kvb cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ ag©xq Abyf~wZi GKwU m¤úK© i‡q‡Q Ges gvbyl
agx©q AbykvmbUv‡K Lyi `ªæZ MÖnY K‡i _v‡K|
myZivs Pi GjvKvi ¯^v¯’¨vm¤§Z AvPiY cÖmvi I cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ †mLvbKvi wewfbœ agxq I mvgvwRK cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡K
m¤ú„³ K‡i GKwU mvgvwRK Av‡›`vj‡bi gva¨‡g Pi KwgDwbwUi ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm cwieZ©b Kiv hvq|

KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q mvgvwRK RvMi‡Yi †KŠkj
¯’vbxq GjvKvq ev Pi GjvKvq ¯^v¯’¨ Dbœqb welqK RbgZ MV‡bi Rb¨ MY mgv‡ek we‡kl K‡i ¯’vbxq wgwWqv I mvgwRK
cÖwZôvb‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z n‡e| MY RvMiYg~jK Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g RbgZ MVb Kiv Ges RbgZ MwVZ Kivi ga¨ w`‡q
mvgvwRK cwieZ©b Z_v ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb n‡e|
¯’vbxq wgwWqv
MY mgv‡ek
i¨vwj
RbgZ MVbKwgDwbwU wgwUs
mvgvwRK cÖwZôvb†dvK Mvb
mvgvwRK cwieZ©b
I ¯^v¯’¨vf¨vm Dbœqb

Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg : mnvqZvKiY (Facilitation)
Dcwelq : mnvqZvKi‡Yi aviYv
mnvq‡Ki ˆewkó¨ Ges `ÿZv
mnvq‡Ki Gi f~wgKv
mnvqZvKi‡Yi †ÿÎ
D‡Ïk¨ : mnvqZvKiY I mnvqK m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
mnvq‡Ki `ÿZv, f‚wgKv I ˆewkó¨, m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb
mnvqZvKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, cÖwµqv I †ÿÎmg~n m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb,
c×wZ : Av‡jvPbv, †ivj‡cø, cÖkœ-DËi, †QvU `‡j Av‡jvPbv, wfc cÖ`k©b, gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
DcKiY : wfc KvW©, AvU© jvBb, gvK©vi, gvwëwgwWqv
mgq : 1 NÈv
Awa‡ekb : 08

avc 01
mnvqK AskMÖnYKvix‡ì ga¨ †_‡K c~‡e©B 2 Rb‡K wVK K‡i
ivL‡eb hvi GKRb †ivj‡cø K‡i MZvbyMwZK †mkb Ki‡eb
Ab¨Rb mnvq‡Ki `ÿZv, f~wgKv I êwkó¨mg~n †g‡b Avi GKwU
†mkb Ki‡eb| Df‡qi †mk‡bi aiY a‡i mnvqK mnvqZvKi‡Yi
aviYv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|
avc 02
mnvqK c~‡e©i Av‡jvPbvi m~Î a‡i mnvq‡Ki `ÿZv, f~wgKv I
êwkó¨ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| Kv‡iv †Kvb cÖkœ Av‡Q wKbv Rvb‡Z
PvB‡eb, _vK‡j Zvi DËi †`‡eb|
avc 03
mnvqK G c‡e© mKj AskMÖnYKvix‡ì 3Rb K‡i G‡KKwU `‡j
fvM K‡i cÖ‡ÎK `j‡K 3wU K‡i wfc KvW© w`‡q mnvqZvKi‡Yi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, cÖwµqv I †ÿÎ wjL‡Z ej‡eb Ges mnvqK c~‡e©
3wU †cv÷vi cvkvcvwk mvwR‡q ivL‡eb hvi Dc‡i mnvqZvKi‡Yi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, mnvqZvKi‡Yi cÖwµqv I †ÿÎ †jLv _vK‡e
AskMÖnYKvixMY †mB Abyhvqx wfc KvW© jvwM‡q †`‡eb|
AskMÖnYKvix‡ì ga¨ †_‡K G‡KK Rb G‡KKwU †cv÷v‡ii
†jLv¸wj c‡o †kvbv‡eb|
G c‡e© mnvqK D‡jøwLZ †cv÷v‡ii c‡q›U¸wj wb‡q mnvqZvKi‡Yi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, cÖwµqv, †ÿÎ I D‡jøL‡hvM¨ w`K wb‡q gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©‡bi gva¨‡g Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| Kv‡iv Avi †Kvb wKQz Rvbvi bv
_vK‡j abëv` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl Ki‡eb|
Av‡jvPbv,
†ivj‡cø
Av‡jvPbv
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖ`k©b
Av‡jvPbv, †QvU
`‡j Av‡jvPbv,
wfc cÖ`k©b
20
15 wgwbU
25 wgwbU
wgwbU gvwëwgwWqv
gvwëwgwWqv
wfcKvW©,
gvwëwgwWqv
mnvqZvKiY (Facilitation)
mnvqZvKiY n‡”Q Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv †hLv‡b mnvqK jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ e¨w³, `j I cÖwZôvb‡K mnvqZv
K‡i| mnvqK‡K Aek¨B welq m¤ú‡K© `ÿZv, AwfÁZv, we‡kl Ávb _vK‡Z nq| wZwb Zvi Ávb, `ÿZv I AwfÁZvi
Av‡jv‡K KvR‡K mnR K‡i, Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b mwVK I djcÖm~ w`K wb‡`k©bv cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡Kb|
myZivs mnvqZvKiY Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv hv cÖZ¨vwkZ D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb e¨w³, `j I cÖwZôvb‡K Ggbfv‡e w`K
wb‡`k©bv cÖ`vb Kiv hv‡Z K‡i e¨w³, `j I cÖwZôv‡bi `ÿZv I AwfÁZv jv‡fi gva¨‡g welq wfwËK Kg©cwiKíbv
cÖYqb Ki‡Z cv‡i, ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges gwbUwis Kivi gva¨‡g D‡Ïk¨ I jÿ¨ AR©‡b mÿg nq|
d¨vwmwj‡UuUi ev mnvqK
d¨vwmwj‡UuUi hvi `vwqZ¡ `j‡K MvBW K‡i mywbw`©ó Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g cÖZ¨vwkZ djvdj I jÿ¨ AR©b Kiv|

mnvq‡Ki `ÿZv
ŸmnRfv‡e Dc¯’vcb
Ÿ†hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb
ŸmevB‡K mnR K‡i †bqv I g~j¨vqb
ŸAskMÖn‡Y DrmvwnZKiY
ŸØ× bv nIhvi †KŠkj †bqv Ges n‡j Zv †gUv‡bv
Ÿ†kvbv, †`Lv Ges cÖkœ
ŸMvBW
Ÿ¸bMZ Av‡jvPbv
Ÿdjvdj wba©viY
d¨vwmwj‡UuUi
GKRb mnvqK †h KvR¸‡jv K‡i _v‡Kb, Zv n‡jv:
Ÿwelq‡K mnR K‡i
Ÿ`j/wUg‡K mnvqZv K‡i
ŸAwR©Z mvdj¨ mK‡ji mv‡_ †kqvi K‡i
Ÿ`ÿZvi mv‡_ c×wZ e¨envi K‡i
ŸRbM‡Yi mv‡_ KvR Kivi Rb¨ me †_‡K fvj Dcvq †ei K‡i
ŸwK fv‡e/cÖwµqv Kiv n‡e Zvi Dcvq †ei K‡i
mnvq‡Ki f~wgKv
mKj fv‡jv AwfÁZv, my‡hvM Kv‡R jvMv‡bv m¤¢ve¨ evav/`ye©jZv/Lvivc‡K `~‡i ivLv
mggbv/HK¨ g‡bvfvevcbœ wUg
Af~Zc~e© mvdj¨
+ -

mnvq‡Ki ˆewkó¨
FACILITATOR
F Friendly Attitude eÜzmyjf AvPiY
A Attentive g‡bv‡hvM
C Creative m„Rbkxj
I Initiator D‡`¨vMx
L Learner wkÿv_x©
I Intelligent eyw×gvb
T Technical †KŠkjx
A Active Kv‡R AvMÖnx/Kg©`ÿZvm¤úbœ
T Time keeper mgq m‡PZb
O Optimistic m‡e©v”P Avkvev`x
R Responsible `vwqZ¡kxj
d¨vwmwj‡Uk‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
ŸAwZwi³ Pvc Kgv‡bv
ŸDPz ch©v‡qi wPšÍv I cwiKíbvi mv‡_ hy³ Kiv
ŸwU‡gi Ávb, Rvbv I `ÿZv Av‡Q Ges Ggb `„wófw½ _vKv
- aviYv, AwfÁZv I civgk©
- DPz ch©v‡qi As½xKvive× g‡bvfve m„wó
ŸRbMY‡K ˆZwi/Dbœqb Kiv
d¨vwmwj‡Uk‡bi cÖavb 3wU w`K/gvÎv
GKRb mnvq‡Ki g~j jÿ¨ n‡jv †mkb ev Awa‡ekb‡K mdj Kivi Rb¨ AskMÖnYKvix‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y I a‡i
ivLv, wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ †mkb †kl Kiv Ges mKj AskMÖnYKvix Av‡jvP¨ welq m¤ú‡K© aviYv †c‡q‡Q Ges
djcÖm~fv‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GKRb mnvqK‡K cÖavb wZbwU weqq gv_vq †i‡L mnvqZvKiY Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv
K‡i _v‡Kb: 1. mnvqZvKi‡Yi djvdj †Kgb n‡e; 2. mnvqZvKi‡Yi cÖwµqv †Kgb n‡e Ges 3. mnvqK KZUzKz wkLb
cwi‡ek mywó Kiv ev wi‡cvU© wewìs Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z K‡i mnvqZvKi‡Yi djvdj cÖZ¨vwkZ ch©vq ch©šÍ AwR©Z nq|

djvdj
cÖwµqv m¤úK©
mnvqZvKiY cÖwµqv
ŸZ_¨ we‡kølY I mwVK cš’v wba©viY;
ŸcwiKíbv;
Ÿ`jxq cwi‡ek, wbqg Kvbyb wVK Kiv;
Ÿev¯Íevq‡bi mwVK cš’v I cÖwµqv wVK Kiv †hb D‡Ïk¨ AR©b Kiv hvq;
Ÿ`jxq MwZkxjZv ˆZwi Kiv, †K Ki‡e wKfv‡e Ki‡e G wel‡q wUg †g¤^vi‡ì Drmvn cÖ`vb Kiv;
Ÿmy›ì AvPvi AvPi‡Yi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì‡K wbqwgZ †KvwPs Kiv‡bv;
ŸcwieZ©xZ wkÿ‡Yi Kvh©KvixZv wb‡q `‡ji mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ges g~j¨vqb Kiv|
mnvqZvKiY †ÿÎ
ŸmvgvwRK RvMiY
ŸKwgDwbwU mfv
ŸKwgDwbwU Kg©cwiKíbv cÖYqb
ŸnvBwRb †mkb
ŸIwi‡q‡›Ukb
ŸcÖwkÿY
ŸwfwWwm wgwUs
Ÿ†hvMv‡hvM
†mkb cwiPvjbvi we‡eP¨ welq
ŸAskMÖnYKvixMY‡ì aiY
Ÿ†mkb cwiPvjbvi ¯’vb, mgq
ŸAv‡jvP¨ welq
Ÿc×wZ
Ÿfvlv
ŸDcKiY
ŸGjvKvi ms¯‹…wZ, g~j¨‡eva
Ÿmnvq‡Ki †cvlvK cwi”Q`

Awa‡ekb wk‡ivbvg : c×wZ
Dc-welq : c×wZi aviYv
c×wZi aiY
c×wZ cÖ‡qv‡M we‡eP¨ welq
D‡Ïk¨ : c×wZ I Gi aiY m¤ú‡K© aviYv cv‡eb Ges e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
c×wZ e¨env‡ii we‡eP¨ welqmg~n m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb I e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
c×wZ : Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ DËi, †QvU `‡j KvR, †ivj †cø, gvwëwgwWqv cÖ`k©b
DcKiY : AvU© jvBb gvK©vi, †cv÷vi, gvwëwgwWqv
mgq : 2 NÈv
Awa‡ekb : 09

avc 1
mnvqK 2/3 AskMÖnYKvix‡ì wbKU Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb c×wZ
m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì †Kvb aviYv Av‡Q wKbv, _vK‡j ïb‡Z PvB‡eb|
†kvbvi ci mnvqK gvwëwgwWqvi gva¨‡g c×wZ I Gi aiY m¤ú‡K©
aviYv †`‡eb| wewfbœ aiY m¤ú‡K© Kv‡iv †Kvb cÖkœ Av‡Q wKbv
Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb, _vK‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv|
avc 2
mnvqK wewfbœ ai‡Yi c×wZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| Zvi c~‡e©
AskMÖnYg~jK 3/4wU c×wZ| †hgb †cqvi MÖæc, †QvU `‡j KvR,
cÖkœ DËi, †ivj †cø GiKg K‡qKwU c×wZi Dci †ivj †cø K‡i
AskMÖnYKvix‡ì wewfbœ c×wZ m¤ú‡K© cwi®‹vi aviYv cÖ`vb
Ki‡eb| mnvqK †Kvb `j †Kvb c×wZ †ivj †cø K‡i‡Q G wel‡q
¯^”Q aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|
avc 3
AskMÖnYKvix‡ì wbKU mnvqK Gevi Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb Avgiv †h
mKj c×wZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kijvg G mKj c×wZ eënvi Kivi
mgq Avgv‡ì †Kvb †Kvb welq we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|
AskMÖnYKvix‡ì DËi †kvbvi ci mnvqK gvwëwgwWqvi gva¨‡g
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges mevB‡K abëv` Rvwb‡q †mkb †kl
Ki‡eb|
cÖkœ DËi,
Av‡jvPbv
Av‡jvPbv, †QvU
`‡j KvR, †ivj
†cø
Av‡jvPbv, cÖkœ
DËi
10 wgwbU
40 wgwbU
10 wgwbU
gvwëwgwWqv
AvU© jvBb
gvK©vi,
†cv÷vi
†ccvi,
gvwëwgwWqv
wfc KvW©, AvU©
jvBb gvK©vi,
gvwëwgwWqv
cÖwkÿY c×wZ
ÒwkLb D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ †h Dcvq I †KŠkj Aej¤^b K‡i cÖwkÿ‡Yi welq Dc¯’vcb Kiv nq Zv‡K cÖwkÿY c×wZ
e‡j|Ó
ÒÁvb, `ÿZv I g‡bvfve cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ †h Dcv‡q Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q _v‡K †m¸‡jv‡K cÖwkÿY c×wZ ejv nq|Ó
ÒcÖwkÿ‡Yi welqmg~n ev Abywelqmg~‡ni D‡Ïk¨ AR©b I Zv AskMÖnYKvix‡ì Kv‡Q mnR, †evaMg¨, Kvh©Kix Ges
MÖnY‡hvM¨ I AvKl©bxqfv‡e Dc¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ †h me cš’v ev c_ Aej¤^b Kiv nq †m me c_ ev cš’vmg~n‡K cÖwkÿY
c×wZ e‡j|Ó

cÖwk¶Y c×wZmg~n
c×wZ wbe©vP‡b we‡eP¨ welq
gy³wPšÍvi So (Brain Stroming) wb‡`©wkZ Aa¨vqb (Guided Study)
cÖ‡kœvËi (Quenstion & Answer) †QvU `‡j Av‡jvPbv (Small Group Discussion)
evR`j (Buzz Group) cÖ`k©b (Demonstration)
Av‡jvPbv (Discussion) VIPP (Vizualization In Participatory Process)
nvg`j/†Rvov`j (Pair Group) NUbv we‡kølY (Case Study)
f~wgKv Awfbq (Role Play) DÏxcK †Ljv (Simulation Game)
ŸAskMÖnYKvix‡ì aiY
ŸAskMÖnYKvix‡ì eqm
ŸwkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv
Ÿwelqe¯‘
Ÿmgq
Ÿ†fŠZ myweavw`
ŸGjvKvi wek¦vm, g~j¨‡eva
f~wgKv
AvaywbK Kv‡j cÖwkÿY c×wZ djcÖm~, AskMÖnYg~jK I AwaKZi Kvh©Kix Kivi Rb¨ †h mKj c×wZ eënvi Kiv nq
Zb¥‡a¨ †eªBb ÷wg©s eûj eëüZ kw³kvjx GKwU c×wZ| GB c×wZ‡Z Av‡jvPbvq mevB‡K mwµq Kiv hvq| GKwU
aviYv‡K mw¤§wjZfv‡e RxebwfwËK wPšÍvi cÖwZdjb NUv‡bvi gva¨‡g b~¨bZg mg‡q me©vwaK e³e¨ †ei n‡q Avmvi †h
cÖwµqv ZvB †eªBb ÷wg©s| GB c×wZi gva¨‡g cÖwkÿYv_©x‡ì wbKU †_‡K †Kvb wel‡q †LvjvLywj aviYv PvIqv nq ev e¨³
Ki‡Z ejv nq Ges mKj aviYv cÖv_wgKfv‡e MÖnY K‡i cieZ©x‡Z ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g wm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ n‡Z nq|
D‡Ïk¨
¯^í mg‡q †ewk aviYv m„wó Kivi Rb¨ GB c×wZ eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K|
kZ©
1. mevB‡K ej‡Z n‡e|
2. mgq wbw`©ó _vK‡e|
3. cÖv_wgKfv‡e me aviYv MÖnY‡hvM¨|
4. KviI aviYvi Dci we`ªæc Kiv Pj‡e bv|
gy³ wPšÍvi So

myweav
1. mevi AskMÖnY Kivi my‡hvM _v‡K|
2. mgq Kg jv‡M|
3. Kg mg‡q †ewk aviYvi m„wó Kiv hvq|
4. mevB Av‡jvPbvi cÖwZ AvMÖnx nq|
5. cvi¯úwiK gZ wewbgq Gi my‡hvM m„wó nq|
6. Awa‡ekb‡K RxešÍ ivLv hvq|
7. AskMÖnYKvix‡ì‡K wPšÍv Ki‡Z DÏxwcZ K‡i|
8. mnvqK‡K `jxq AwfÁZv m¤ú‡K© aviYv †hvMvq|
Amyweav
1. †ewk aviYv G‡m †M‡j cÖwµqvKi‡Y †ekx mgq ìKvi nq|
2. †h wel‡q aviYv PvIqv nq †m wel‡q AskMÖnYKvix‡ì c~e© aviYv bv _vK‡j msMwZnxb wKQy gZvgZ Avmvi
m¤¢vebv _v‡K|
3. A‡bK mgq Lye we‡kølY nq bv e‡j wKQy wKQy †ÿ‡Î aviYv¸‡jv A¯úó †_‡K †h‡Z cv‡i|
4. gv‡S gv‡S wek„sLjvi m„wó n‡Z cv‡i|
5. eo †evW© A_ev A‡bK †cv÷vi †ccvi ìKvi nq|
f~wgKv
AskMÖnYKvix‡ì cÖkœ K‡i Zv‡ì AwfÁZv‡K Zz‡j Avbvi m‡e©vËg Dcvq wnmv‡e cÖ‡kœvËi c×wZ LyeB Kvh©Ki GKwU
c×wZ|
cÖ‡kœi aiY
Ÿc~e© g‡bvbxZ cÖkœ (Pre-nominated question): Kv‡K cÖkœ Kiv n‡e Zv wVK K‡i cÖkœ Kiv|
ŸDb¥y³ cÖkœ (Open question) : †h †KD DËi w`‡Z cv‡i|
Ÿc‡i g‡bvbxZ cÖkœ (Delayed nominated question) : cÖ_‡g Db¥y³ cÖkœ K‡i c‡i wbw`©ó e¨w³‡K cÖkœ Kiv|
cÖ‡kœi cÖKvi
ŸClosed Question: e× cÖkœ- nu¨v ev bv Gi gva¨‡g DËi w`‡Z n‡e|
ŸOpen Ended Question: Db¥y³ cÖkœ- eY©bvg~jK fv‡e cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z nq|
cÖ¯‘wZ
Ÿm¤¢ve¨ cÖkœ wPwýZ Kiv|
Ÿwelq wfwËK mn‡hvMx cÖ‡kœi †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ|
cÖ‡kœvËi c×wZ

DËi †gvKv‡ejv
ŸDË‡ii Rb¨ ¯^xK…wZ cÖ`vb|
ŸDË‡ii mvivsk K‡i|
ŸDËi wjwce× K‡i|
ŸDË‡ii mv‡_ Av‡iv m¤úwK©Z gšÍe¨ †hvM Kiv|
ŸAb¨ KvD‡K DË‡ii Dci mvivsk Ki‡Z †`qv|
ŸDËiwU‡K wef³ K‡i Ab¨ Kv‡iv gZvgZ AvnŸvb Kiv|
myweav
Ÿ`‡ji wbw`©ó wKQy †jv‡Ki AwfÁZv Zz‡j Av‡b|
Ÿ`‡ji Ges e¨w³i Abyf~wZ I gZvgZ‡K wPwýZ K‡i|
ŸKg Ae`vbKvix‡ì AskMÖn‡Y mnvqZv K‡i|
Ÿg‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y K‡i|
Ÿwbw`©ó Awfg‡Zi e¨vL¨v cwi®‹vi K‡i|
Ÿwelq wfwËK Áv‡bi hvPvB Kiv hvq|
ŸAbyaveb, AvMÖn I m‡PZbZv e„w× K‡i|
Ÿ`jxq Av‡jvPbv‡K DrmvwnZ I AwaK AskMÖnY wbwðZ K‡i|
ŸAskMÖnYKvix‡ì D‡ËRbv Kwg‡q Av‡b|
Amyweav
Ÿmgq †ekx jv‡M|
ŸAv‡jvPbv g~jK welq †_‡K Ab¨ wel‡q P‡j †h‡Z cv‡i|
ŸAskMÖnYKvixMY weeªZ †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
cÖ‡kœvËi Lye mnR I eûj eëüZ GKwU c×wZ| cÖ‡kœi gva¨‡g AskMÖnYKvixMY wel‡qi Mfx‡i Xy‡K wPšÍv Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
wewfbœ ai‡Yi cÖkœ-DËi †h †Kvb ai‡Yi Av‡jvPbv‡K cÖvYešÍ K‡i †Zv‡j|
cÖ‡kœi aiY
1. c~e© g‡bvwbZ cÖkœ (Pre-Nominated Question)
2. cÖ_‡g †h †Kvb e¨w³i bvg D‡jøL K‡i cÖkœ Kiv
3. D¤§y³ cÖkœ (Overhead Question) [`‡ji mevi D‡Ï‡k¨ cÖkœ Kiv nq, †h †KD DËi †`q]
4. †ìx‡Z g‡bvwbZ cÖkœ (Delayed Nominated Question) [cÖ_‡g `‡ji mevi D‡Ï‡k¨, Ôc‡i GKR‡bi bvg
D‡jøL K‡i ejv nq ]
cÖ‡kœvËi

GQvov cÖkœ 3 cÖKv‡ii n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb:
1. e× cÖkœ
2. gy³ cÖkœ
3. †dir cÖkœ
1. e× cÖkœ
e× cÖ‡kœi †ÿ‡Î mswÿß mwVK I cÖvmw½K DËi Avkv Kiv hvq| GB cÖkœ c×wZ welqe¯‘‡K cixÿv Kivi my‡hvM K‡i †`q
Ges welq e¯‘‡K †g‡b wb‡”Q wK bv †evSv hvq| GUv Av‡jvPbv‡K mxgve× K‡i †`q Ges wel‡qi Dci wewfbœ `„wó-fw½i
cÖKvk iæ× K‡i †`q|
2. gy³ cÖkœ
gy³ cÖkœ wfbœ wfbœ DË‡ii my‡hvM K‡i †`q, hvi †ewki fvMB n‡Z cv‡i eY©bvg~jK| GUv gvbyl‡K wPšÍv Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i|
K_v ej‡Z I gZvgZ w`‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡i, gvby‡li wPšÍv-fvebv‡K cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ GUv GKwU DËg cš’v hv `j‡K
Av‡jvPbvq AšÍ©fy³ K‡i| KL‡bv KL‡bv wkÿv_©xiv Zv‡ì gZvgZ gy³ g‡b cÖKvk K‡i bv, †m †ÿ‡Î Zv‡ì ejvi `ÿZv
e„w×i Rb¨ gy³ cÖkœ ïiæ Kivi Av‡M Ab¨vb¨ †KŠkj (e× cÖkœ, Qwe, mgm¨v I Z_¨wfwËK cÖkœ) Aej¤^b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
3. †dir cÖkœ
†Kvb wkÿv_©x hw` wkÿK‡K †Kvb cÖkœ K‡ib Zvn‡j H cÖkœwU‡K Nywi‡q Ab¨ †Kvb GKRb wkÿv_©x‡K Reve w`‡Z ejv
DËg| G‡Z K‡i wkÿv_©xiv mnvq‡Ki Dci wbf©i bv K‡i wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ wPšÍv Kivi `vwqZ¡ MÖnY K‡i| myweav n‡”Q
`vwqZ¡wU mnvq‡Ki KvQ †_‡K wkÿv_©x‡ì Dci wM‡q c‡o| Amyweav n‡”Q hv‡K DËi w`‡Z ejv nq wZwb ZvrÿwYKfv‡e
`‡ji Ab¨‡ì cÖ‡kœi DËi †`qvi Rb¨ gvbwmKfv‡e cÖ¯‘Z bvI _vK‡Z cv‡i|
f~wgKv
wgwkMvb wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Aa¨vcK wg. wdwjc evR GB c×wZwU D™¢veb K‡ib| Zuvi g‡Z gvby‡li g‡bv‡hvM mg‡q mg‡q
wbgœgyLx nq| hZ †ekx mgq a‡i K¬vm ev Awa‡ekb Pj‡Z _v‡K g‡bv‡hvM I †mB nv‡i Kg‡Z _v‡K| e³e¨ hLb ïiæ nq
ZLb AskMÖnYKvix‡ì e³‡eï cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvM AcwUgvg †j‡fj _v‡K| Avi mgq hZ evo‡Z _v‡K g‡bv‡hvM cÖvq
k~‡bï †KvVvq G‡m hvq| ZvB GB g‡bv‡hvM a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ wKQzÿY ci ci †h †Kvb †KŠkj eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
GwU Ggb GKwU c×wZ hv eo `‡ji cÖwZwU m`m¨ mivmwi fv‡e Av‡jvPbvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| eo `jwU‡K
Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ †QvU †QvU `‡j 3 Rb K‡i wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ fvM K‡i †`qv nq| hv‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K m`m¨ wbR wbR aviYv
e¨³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| G c×wZ‡Z cÖwkÿK‡K mg‡qi cÖwZ myZxeª `„wó ivL‡Z nq|
cÖ‡qvM wewa
†Kvb welq m¤úK© `jMZfv‡e KvR Ki‡Z w`b| wbw`©ó mgq a‡i Zuviv hLb KvR Ki‡e mnvqK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb|
gZvgZ¸‡jv `jMZfv‡e †cv÷v‡i wjL‡e I wbw`©ó mgq †k‡l GK GK `j K‡i Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e I Ab¨vb¨ `j Zv‡ì
gZvgZ ivL‡eb|
evR `j

myweavmg~n
1. c~Y© mfvi mvg‡b bv ùvwo‡qI cÖ‡Z¨K m`m¨‡K AskMÖn‡Yi GKwU my‡hvM m„wó K‡i †`qv|
2. GB c×wZ‡Z wkÿv_x©‡ì g‡bv‡hvM a‡i ivLv hvq|
3. AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kiv hvq|
4. gZvgZ Av`vb cÖ`vb nq †Kbbv GKRb Ab¨R‡bi K_vï‡bI Av‡jvPbv K‡i|
Amyweavmg~n
Ÿe¨w³i AskMÖnY mgq Øviv wbqwš¿Z|
Ÿmgq †ewk jv‡M|
Ÿ`‡ji gZvgZ Ø›`g~jK n‡Z cv‡i A_ev †m¸‡jv mgš^q mvab myweavRbK bvI n‡Z cv‡i|
Ÿ`‡j †Kvb †Kvb m`m¨ GKK cÖfve we¯Ívi Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Ÿ†Kvb †Kvb m`m¨ bxie f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
D‡Ïk¨
AskMÖnYKvix‡ì mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM m„wó Kiv I m‡ZRxKi‡Yi gva¨‡g wkÿ‡Yi cwi‡ek m„wó Kiv|
eY©bv
†Kvb D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L `‡j cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK Abykxj‡bi/†Ljvi gva¨‡g H D‡Ï‡k¨ AskMÖnYKvix‡ì ev¯ÍeZv
Dcjwä cÖ`vb Kivi cÖwµqv‡KB cÖ`xßKiY ejv nq| cÖwkÿ‡Yi †Kvb †Ljv‡K ev Abykxjb‡K c~e© †_‡K wbe©vPb Kiv nq|
†Ljvq hv‡Z mKj AskMÖnYKvix AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i †m eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e| †Ljv/Abykxj‡bi ci AskMÖnYKvixMY
wbR wbR Avm‡b em‡eb Ges mnvqK wewfbœ cÖ‡kœi gva¨‡g wkÿYxq welq¸wj‡K wkÿv_x©‡ì gva¨‡g †ei Ki‡eb| GwU
GKwU wkÿvg~jK cÖwµqv gvÎ - Rq civRq gyL¨ b‡n| wKš‘ GB c×wZ D”P c`gh©v`v m¤úbœ I †ekx eq¯‹ e¨w³‡ì
cÖwkÿ‡Yi †ÿ‡Î weiƒc cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| GRb¨ GB c×wZ me©‡ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
cÖwµqv ïiæi c~‡e© KiYxq
ŸD‡Ïk¨ eY©bv Kiv
ŸwK Ki‡Z n‡e, wKfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e Zv AskMÖnYKvix‡ì‡K we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e ejv
ŸcÖ‡qvR‡b GKevi †`wL‡q †`qv
ŸwK ai‡Yi cÖkœ Ki‡Z n‡e Zv c~e© †_‡KB wVK K‡i ivLv
ŸDcKiY wK n‡e Zv wVK K‡i ivLv
Ÿ†h ¯’v‡b KvRwU n‡e †m ¯’vbwU wVKfv‡e ¸wQ‡q ivLv
mvBgy‡jkb †MBg

†mkb PjvKv‡j
ŸKvh©µg Pjvi mgq ch©‡eÿY I cÖ‡qvRbxq wb‡`©kbv †`qv
Ÿgv‡S gv‡S Drmvn †`qv I MVbg~jK nvjKv iwmKZv Kiv
Ÿ†kl n‡j Zv cwi®‹vifv‡e ejv|
cÖwµqv †kl nIqvi c‡i KiYxq KvR
Ÿ†kl nIqvi ci Kx Kx wkÿYxq welq wQj Zv †ei Kiv Avek¨K|
Ÿhw` Av‡jvPbvq †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq ev` c‡o hvq Z‡e g~j cÖwµqvi m~Î a‡i Zv D‡jøL Kiv DwPZ|
Ÿ†Kvb †Kvb †Ljvq Kv‡iv Kv‡iv D‡ËRbv weivR Ki‡Z cv‡i myZivs Zv‡ì‡K kvšÍ ivLvi g‡Zv †hvM¨ civgk© †`qv|
Ÿmvivsk K‡i Dcmsnvi †U‡b mevB‡K abëv` †`qv|
myweav
ŸAskMÖnYKvix‡ì welqe¯ÍÍy Dcjwä‡Z mnvqK
ŸÎæwU wePz¨wZ m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv Av‡m
Ÿ`„wóf½x I AvPiY cwieZ©‡b mnvqK
Ÿcvi¯úwiK mgš^q m„wó‡Z mnvqK
Ÿmgm¨v we‡kølY Kivi my‡hvM nq
ŸRxeb wfwËK wkÿv †`qv hvq
Ÿwkÿv_x©‡ì AskMÖnY AwaKZi wbwðZ K‡i
ŸAvb›`Nb cwi‡e‡k wkÿvi my‡hvM _v‡K
Ÿm¤¢ve¨ †KŠkj Aej¤^‡bi †ÿ‡Î wkÿv_x©i myß cÖwZfv weKv‡ki my‡hvM _v‡K|
Amyweav
ŸAwaK mgq jv‡M
ŸKL‡bv KL‡bv wkÿv_©xMY †Ljvi ¯^v‡_© †Ljv Giƒc fve‡Z cv‡i bv eis cÖwZØ›Øx I cÖwZ‡hvMx n‡q D‡V Ges †ÿÎ
we‡k‡l `xN© mgq Zvi †ik †_‡K hvq
ŸKwVb †Ljvayjv A‡bK mgq RwUjZvi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i
Ÿ†Ljv wbe©vwPZ mwVK bv n‡j D‡Ïk¨ e¨vnZ n‡Z cv‡i
Ÿmnv‡Ki †Ljv cwiPvjbvq AwfÁZv bv _vK‡j `j¸‡jvi g‡a¨ we‡f` m„wó n‡Z cv‡i
ŸcÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY I cwi‡e‡ki Afv‡e †Ljv cwiPvjbvq weNœ m„wó n‡Z cv‡i|

cÖ`k©b c×wZ
f~wgKv
Avgiv †`‡L A‡bK wKQy wkwL| Avgiv Qwe, PvU©, g‡Wj ev cÖK…wZi eû wKQy‡K eënvi K‡i G †kLv‡K Avb›``vqK I ev¯Íe
m¤§Z Ki‡Z cvwi| cÖwkÿ‡Y cÖ`k©b GKwU Kvh©Ki c×wZ| Ggb A‡bK aviYv Av‡Q hv g‡Wj ev ev¯Íe wRwb‡mi mvnv‡h¨
mn‡RB e¨vL¨v Kiv m¤¢e|
cÖ‡qvM cÖwµqv
ŸD‡Ïk¨ I cÖwµqvi mswÿß eY©bv w`b|
ŸmKj AskMÖnYKvix †hb †`L‡Z cvq Ggbfv‡e DcKiY mvRvb ev ¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
ŸavivevwnKfv‡e cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
Ÿg~j wkÿYxq c‡q›U¸wji Dci ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
ŸcÖ`wk©Z wel‡qi Dci cÖ‡kœvË‡ii gva¨‡g wkLb dj m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e|
ŸcÖ‡qvRbxq Abyf~wZ I gZvgZ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e|
ŸcÖ‡qvRb n‡j cÖ`wk©Z DcKiY¸wj AskMÖnYKvix‡ì a‡i †`L‡Z w`‡Z n‡e|
Ÿwelq I D‡Ï‡kï mv‡_ m½wZc~Y© K‡i cybiv‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
Ÿwel‡qi Dci Dcmsnvi Uvb‡Z n‡e |
myweav
Ÿwel‡qi Dci my¯úó aviYv †Ìqv hvq|
Ÿ`ÿZv e„w×i †ÿ‡Î mnvqK|
ŸAskMÖnYKvix‡ì AvMÖn I g‡bv‡hvM e„w× cvq|
ŸwkLb dj `xN©w`b g‡b _v‡K|
ŸGKvwaKevi welq AeZviYvi my‡hvM _v‡K|
Amyweav
ŸDcKiY jvM‡Z cv‡i|
ŸDcKi‡Yi mwVK eënvi bv n‡j welq m¤ú‡K© aviYv cvIqv hvq bv|
Ÿ`ÿ mnvq‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq|

Av‡jvPbv
†Kvb we‡kl D‡Ïk¨ mvg‡b †i‡L KwZcq cÖwkÿYv_x© hLb †Kvb mvaviY wel‡q Avjvc Av‡jvPbv K‡i ZLb Zv‡K `jxq
Av‡jvPbv e‡j| GLv‡b mvaviY welq ej‡Z mevi Drmvn Av‡Q Ggb welq‡K †evSv‡bv nq| KZRb wg‡j GK‡Î
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e Zv wbf©i K‡i A‡bK¸‡jv Dcv`v‡bi Dci| Z‡e G msL¨v 6 Gi Kg Ges 25 Gi AwaK nIqv evÂbxq
bq| Giƒc Av‡jvPbv Aek¨B GKRb cÖwkÿ‡Ki †bZ…‡Z¡ n‡e| mnvqK Av‡jvPbv‡K djcÖm~ Kivi Rb¨ wb‡RI
Av‡jvPbvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Zvi f~wgKv Dc‡`kg~jK nIqv DwPZ|
Av‡jvPbv mvaviYZ: wbgœewY©Z †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq
Ÿ†hLv‡b mKj wkÿv_x©i Kv‡Q welqwU ¯úó bq
Ÿ†hLv‡b cÖwkÿYv_x©‡`i †bZ…Z¡ wel‡q wkÿv †`qv nq
Ÿ†hLv‡b wPšÍvkw³ RvMÖZ Kivi cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q
Ÿ†hLv‡b †Kvb mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Dcvq Lyu‡R cvIqvi cÖ‡Póv Av‡Q
ŸhLb ¯^í msL¨K wfbœgZ †cvlYKvixi `„wó f½x e`jv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb nq|
Av‡jvPbvi myweavmg~n wb¤œiƒc
ŸAwfÁZvi fvMvfvwM
ŸcÖ‡Z¨K AskMÖnYKvix Zvi wb‡Ri Ae¯’vb eyS‡Z cv‡i
ŸAv‡jvPbvq GK‡N‡qgx `~i nq
Ÿcvi¯úvwiK kª×v‡eva e„w× cvq|
Av‡jvPbvi `~e©j/ÿwZKi w`K¸‡jv n‡”Q
Ÿwelq m¤ú‡K© fv‡jv Ávb bv _vK‡j Av‡jvPbv djcÖm~ nq bv
ŸAv‡jvPbv ¯^ímsL¨K cÖwkÿYv_x©i g‡a¨ mxwgZ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i
Ÿ†Kvb †Kvb cÖwkÿYv_©xi e³…Zv evwZ‡K AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i
Ÿmgq †ekx †bqv jvM‡Z cv‡i
Ÿjÿ¨nxb Av‡jvPbvq Ah_v mgq e¨q n‡Z cv‡i|
Av‡jvPbvi mvdj¨ wbf©i K‡i AskMÖnYKvix‡`i Ávb I eyw×i Dci| Z‡e Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ Aek¨B ch©vß mgq w`‡Z
n‡e| welq hZ RwUj n‡e mgqI ZZ †ekx cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| mvaviYZ mKv‡ji w`‡K A_©vr †Kvb KvR nv‡Z †bqvi Av‡MB
Av‡jvPbvq emv DwPZ|

nvg`j/†Rvov`j c×wZ
†ivj‡cø ev f~wgKvwfbq
f~wgKv
`yÕR‡bi `j‡K nvg`j/†Rvov`j e‡j| nvg`j me‡P‡q ÿz`ª `j Ges `yÕR‡bi `‡ji ZrciZvB nvg`j c×wZ|
c×wZ cwiPvjbvi avcmg~n
Ÿ†Rvovq †Rvovq `j fvM Ki‡Z n‡e
Ÿwelq I mgq e‡j w`b (mgq 15-20 wgwb‡Ui †ewk nIqv DwPZ bq)
Ÿcvkvcvwk e‡mB †Rvovq KvR Ki‡Z ej‡Z n‡e
ŸhLb `j KvR Ki‡Z _vK‡e ZLb `j¸‡jv‡Z bZzb c‡q›U †hvM Ki‡Z bZzb aviYv ms‡hvRb Ki‡Z A_ev †h
aviYv¸‡jv Av‡jvwPZ n‡”Q Zv mwVK wKbv hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡Z n‡e
Ÿ`jxq KvR †kl n‡j mKj †Rvovi c‡q›U †kl bv nIqv ch©šÍ cÖwZ †Rvov †_‡K GKwU K‡i c‡q›U wb‡Z n‡e|
ŸGevi g~j c‡q›U I g~j w`Kmg~‡ni Ici Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e |
myweav
Ÿmgq Kg jv‡M
ŸAí mg‡qB mevi AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kiv hvq
ŸAí mg‡q A‡bK aviYv cvIqv hvq
ŸAskMÖnYKvix‡`i emvi ¯’vb cwieZ©b Ki‡Z nq bv|
Amyweav
Ÿ†Rvov `‡ji m`m¨ mgch©v‡q bv n‡j GKRb Ab¨R‡bi Dci gZvgZ Pvwc‡q w`‡Z cv‡i
ŸAwfÁZv wewbg‡qi my‡hvM Kg
ŸGKB aviYvi cybive„wË NU‡Z cv‡i|
f~wgKv
†ivj‡cø ev f~wgKvwfbq n‡”Q Ggb GKwU mswÿß KvVv‡gvMZ wµqv hv †Kvb ev¯Íe NUbv‡K `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK AskMÖnYKvix
Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb K‡i|
D‡Ïk¨
wewfbœ cixÿv-wbixÿv K‡i e¨w³ ev `‡j ev¯Íe ev Rxeb wfwËK mgm¨v wPwýZ I mgvav‡bi `ÿZv Ges AvZ¥-Dcjwä
evov‡bv|
ev¯Íevqb avc
f~wgKvwfbq Gi gva¨‡g mgm¨v wPwýZ ev mgm¨v mgvavb ev Zzjbvg~jK wPÎ wPwýZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gi Dci wfwË K‡iB
wb‡gœv³ avcmg~n ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡e|

c~e©eZx©
Ÿwelq wbe©vPb;
ŸPwiÎ wbe©vPb;
ŸAwfbq wb‡`©wkKv ˆZwi;
ŸDcKiY Dbœqb (hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq);
PjvKvjxb
Ÿf~wgKv cÖ`vb;
Ÿch©‡eÿK wbe©vPb I KiYxq w`K e¨vL¨v;
Ÿ†ivj‡cø Dc¯’vcb;
Ÿch©‡eÿK‡ì gZvgZ AvnŸvb;
ŸgZvgZ mvaviYxKiY I mnvqZvKvixi BbcyU;
myweav
Ÿcvi¯úwiK m¤úK©, fveg~wZ©, ms‡e`bkxjZv Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ GwU GKwU djcÖm~ c×wZ;
ŸmnR I Kg LiP;
Ÿev¯Íe NUbv ch©‡eÿ‡Yi gZ Abyf~wZ m„wó nq;
Ÿmn‡RB AskMÖnYKvix‡ì DØy× Kiv hvq;
Ÿme ai‡Yi AskMÖnYKvix‡ì g‡a¨ eënvi Kiv hvq;
Amyweav
Ÿh‡_ó mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb;
ŸD”P †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ I cvi`kx© wb‡`©k‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq;
ŸmwVK cÖ‡qv‡M e¨_© n‡j wecixZagx© AvPi‡Yi m¤¢vebv _v‡K;
ŸDc¯’vcbv mwVK bv n‡j KviI wbKU nvm¨Ki wKsev †Q‡jgx g‡b n‡Z cv‡i;
ŸcÖej Abyf~wZ m¤úbœ †jv‡Ki Kv‡Q Zvw”Qj¨ I cxov`vqK g‡b n‡Z cv‡i;
Ÿf~wgKv cvjbKvix Ges ch©‡eÿYKvix‡ì wK Ki‡Z n‡e †m m¤^‡Ü Zv‡ì‡K cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z h‡_ó mgq jv‡M|
f~wgKv
wb‡`©wkZ Aa¨qb GKwU Ab¨Zg cÖwkÿY c×wZ| `jxq I GKK cÖwkÿ‡Yi Rb¨ GwU GKwU Kvh©Ki c×wZ| wbw`©ó
mgqmxgvq GK ev GKvwaK wel‡qi Dci mnR‡eva¨ I mswÿß AvKv‡i ZË¡ I Z_¨ Dc¯’vc‡bi gva¨‡g ev Aa¨q‡bi
gva¨‡g GKK ev `jxq AskMÖnYKvix‡ì m¤¢ve¨ †ekxi fvM cÖ‡kœi DËi cÖ`vb K‡i †h wkÿY ev cÖwkÿY †Ìqv nq Zv‡K
wb‡`©wkZ Aa¨qb e‡j| ms‡ÿ‡c ejv hvq, wbw`©ó c‡_ mywbw`©ó j‡ÿ¨ †Kvb welq wkÿ‡Yi †h c×wZ Zv‡K wb‡`©wkZ
Aa¨qb ev MvB‡WW ÷vwW e‡j|
wb‡`©wkZ Aa¨qb (MvB‡WW ÷vwW)

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