Crowd sourcing ecology: using the internet to develop hypotheses about pollinator preferences
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Crowd-sourcing ecology: Predicting plant attractiveness to pollinators from internet image searches Bahlai and Landis presentation for Ecological Society of America Meeting 2014.
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This document provides an outline for a library research guide on using databases and other tools for environmental science research. It discusses searching Google Scholar and a university catalog system, using Boolean operators and subject terms to refine searches, and finding citations. Tips are provided on developing search strategies, identifying key concepts, using alternative keywords and operators. The research process and citation of sources are also briefly outlined. Databases for environmental topics are highlighted and exercises demonstrated how to search for a specific article using limiters.
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Publication of the research work is necessary and important part in scientific society. It helps the new researchers as it provides the information about the introduction of new knowledge, discussion of previous work, new hypothesis or ideas. These invitations or discoveries open the new way to the new researchers. For the publication of their research work the new researchers seeks many journals having the scope and similar interest to his work for easy publication.
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The authorship problem should be solve before sending the manuscript to the journal. All the authors should agree about the sequence in the manuscript. If the addition or change in the sequence, then the correspondent should have to ask or have legal permission form them to have problem in future. The undertaking form is also designed to solve this problem and different journals have their own style as some journals preferred to sign only by the correspondent but some required to sign all the authors in a sequence like in the manuscript in addition to the signature of the correspondent.
For the submission some journals preferred to email directly to the editor but mostly the journals ask to register and login. They gave a unique tracking id for the paper to check the status of your time from time to time. It is better to provide the ORCID iD and now it is the requirement of most of the international journals to provide the ORCID iD if not registered then sign and register on the provided links provided in the journal.
To avoid the plagiarism, the authors should have to rephrase the sentences used from the previous literature or have legal permission to use any data, table or figure by the publisher or authors of that paper. All the authors should have confidential their data before publication in the submitted journal.
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Publication ethics
Publication of the research work is necessary and important part in scientific society. It helps the new researchers as it provides the information about the introduction of new knowledge, discussion of previous work, new hypothesis or ideas. These invitations or discoveries open the new way to the new researchers. For the publication of their research work the new researchers seeks many journals having the scope and similar interest to his work for easy publication.
The good reputed journals having good impact factors have strict rules related to ethical, special permission from the institution or previous authors of published work. They have their own way to style that the author should have to follow. The proper citation in the text and at the reference list, list of tables and figures, or sometime audio or video are also attached with the manuscript, while doing all these process the authors should have to follow the rules and regulation of the journals from the instructions to the authors.
The authorship problem should be solve before sending the manuscript to the journal. All the authors should agree about the sequence in the manuscript. If the addition or change in the sequence, then the correspondent should have to ask or have legal permission form them to have problem in future. The undertaking form is also designed to solve this problem and different journals have their own style as some journals preferred to sign only by the correspondent but some required to sign all the authors in a sequence like in the manuscript in addition to the signature of the correspondent.
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To avoid the plagiarism, the authors should have to rephrase the sentences used from the previous literature or have legal permission to use any data, table or figure by the publisher or authors of that paper. All the authors should have confidential their data before publication in the submitted journal.
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The document summarizes a study that examined insect biodiversity in relation to plant diversity and soil factors in a flower garden in Philadelphia, PA. Three pitfall traps were used to sample insects at the garden sites over night. A variety of plant and insect species were found across the sites, including bees, spiders, ants, grasshoppers, and others. Abiotic site factors like soil pH, wind speed, and humidity were also measured and found to be consistent across the sites. Photographs were included of some of the plant and insect species identified.
Pollinators in the Garden: Forging Partnerships for Native Insect Conservatio...
Pollinators in the Garden: Forging Partnerships for Native Insect Conservatio...American Public Gardens Association
This document discusses the importance of pollinators and opportunities for their conservation in public gardens. It notes that over 1/3 of food is dependent on pollinators like bees. However, pollinator populations are declining due to disease, pests, and pesticide use. The document outlines how public gardens can help by providing floral resources, nesting sites, education, and avoiding pesticides. It recommends native plantings that bloom throughout seasons and hosting demonstration sites to promote pollinator conservation.Partnering on crop wild relative research at three scales: commonalities for ...
The potential for crop wild relatives (CWR) to contribute to crop improvement is growing due to improvements in information on species and their diversity, advancements in breeding tools, and the growing need for exotic genetic diversity to address compounding agronomic challenges. As wild plants, CWR are subject to a myriad of human caused threats to natural ecosystems, and their representation ex situ is often far from comprehensive. Ex situ conservation of many of these wild plants is also technically challenging, particularly in an environment of insufficient resources. Enhancing conservation, availability, and access to CWR requires a spectrum of action spanning basic and applied research on wild species to inform on-the-ground collecting, ex situ maintenance, and germplasm utilization. The development of effective information channels and productive partnerships between diverse organizations are essential to the success of these actions. Here we report on a spectrum of CWR activities involving broad partnerships, at three levels: a) the collaborative compilation and distribution on over 5 million occurrence data records on the CWR of major food crops, b) the analysis of conservation concerns and genetic resources potential of the CWR of potato, sweetpotato, and pigeonpea, and c) ongoing efforts to map the diversity and conservation concerns for CWR in the USA. Although differing in scales and depth of collaborations, the success of these initiatives are largely due to commonalities in research orientation, e.g., inclusiveness, offering clear incentives for involvement, and service providing to the crop science community.
Partnering on CWR research at three scales: commonalities for success
The potential for crop wild relatives (CWR) to contribute to crop improvement is growing due to improvements in information on species and their diversity, advancements in breeding tools, and the growing need for exotic genetic diversity to address compounding agronomic challenges. As wild plants, CWR are subject to a myriad of human caused threats to natural ecosystems, and their representation ex situ is often far from comprehensive. Ex situ conservation of many of these wild plants is also technically challenging, particularly in an environment of insufficient resources. Enhancing conservation, availability, and access to CWR requires a spectrum of action spanning basic and applied research on wild species to inform on-the-ground collecting, ex situ maintenance, and germplasm utilization. The development of effective information channels and productive partnerships between diverse organizations are essential to the success of these actions. Here we report on a spectrum of CWR activities involving broad partnerships, at three levels: a) the collaborative compilation and distribution on over 5 million occurrence data records on the CWR of major food crops, b) the analysis of conservation concerns and genetic resources potential of the CWR of potato, sweetpotato, and pigeonpea, and c) ongoing efforts to map the diversity and conservation concerns for CWR in the USA. Although differing in scales and depth of collaborations, the success of these initiatives are largely due to commonalities in research orientation, e.g., inclusiveness, offering clear incentives for involvement, and service providing to the crop science community.
SeniorCapstone_DiTullio
This document summarizes a capstone project that studied pollinator values at three sites - the DiTullio Homestead, Water Tower Hill, and Roger's Landing. The author recorded plant species and their pollinator values on a scale of 0-3 at each site using 1m x 1m plots. The results provide information on the best pollinator plants and habitats for bees and other insects at each location. The goal was to identify high-value plants suitable for home gardens to attract native pollinators.
Farming for Beneficial Insects - Conservation on Native Pollinators, Predator...
Farming for Beneficial Insects - Conservation on Native Pollinators, Predator...School Vegetable Gardening - Victory Gardens
Farming for Beneficial Insects - Conservation on Native Pollinators, Predators & Parasitoids; Gardening Guidebook for South Carolina www.scribd.com/doc/239851313 ~ Xerces Society, For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/239851214 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/239851079 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/239851159 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/239851159 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/239851348 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/239850440 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/239850233 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools, Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/23985111 ~How the Encyclopedia of Life is wrangling organismal attribute data
The document discusses the Encyclopedia of Life's (EOL) efforts to aggregate and standardize organism attribute data from various sources. Some key points:
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- EOL is developing a TraitBank to aggregate trait data from various datasets, totaling over 128,000 data points for over 20,000 taxa so far. It aims to make this data easily accessible and analyzable.
- Challenges include standardizing data from different sources and filling gaps, but aggregated trait data could help answer questions about topics like species interactions, tissue
beneficials.ppt
The document summarizes an ACORN workshop on biological control. The workshop covered:
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- Why planting flowers can help attract natural enemies
- Tips on purchasing and using natural enemies for biological control
- Alternatives to pesticides that are safer for natural enemies
- How to use the ACORN Alternative Control Guide to identify pests/natural enemies and find biological control solutions for home gardens.
Multiple stressors
Presentation of the EFSA's second scientific conference, held on 14-16 October 2015 in Milan, Italy.
ADVANCING ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT
Supporting pollinators with agroforestry practices
This document discusses the importance of pollinators for food production and natural ecosystems. It notes that 30% of global food production relies on insect pollination and over 75% of flowering plants require animal pollination. Common pollinator species include bees, wasps, flies, butterflies, moths, beetles, and hummingbirds. Threats to pollinators include pesticides, habitat loss, invasive species, and climate change. The document recommends agroforestry practices like windbreaks and riparian forest buffers that provide high-quality foraging habitat to support pollinator populations.
Plant names: Obstacles and Solutions to access information about plants
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This document discusses scientific plant names, which consist of a genus and species name written in Latin. It outlines some of the obstacles to accessing information about plants due to inconsistencies and errors in scientific names. These include plants having multiple names, the same name referring to different plants, and names being misapplied or incorrect. The document then describes some resources and standards available to help resolve these issues, including nomenclators, checklists, and integrated resources seeking to provide a global authoritative list of plant names. It concludes by discussing ways to improve plant name services provided by Kew Gardens.2014 Nature Night: Attracting Native Pollinators by Mace Vaughan
Mace Vaughan from the Xerces Society presents at the Deschutes Land Trust's Nature Night on Attracting Native Pollinators. Learn all about native bees, challenges they face, and how you can help.
Flower patterns improve foraging efficiency in bumblebees by guiding approac...
Colourful patterns on flowers are thought to benefit both pollinators and the plants they visit, by increasing the plants’ pollination success via an increased foraging efficiency of the pollinators. This increased efficiency is assumed to result from a guidance effect of the flower patterns, correspondingly termed ‘nectar guides’, which indicate the position of the nectary to visiting pollinators, thus reducing their flower handling time. 2. Although it is well established that flower patterns play an important role in flower choice, the mechanisms by which they the foraging efficiency of flower-visiting insects remain poorly understood. 3. In this study, we quantified the contributions of patterns to all phases of flower interaction in the buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris). We analysed the bees’flight paths, as well as landing positions and walking tracks on artificial flowers with different pattern types. 4. We reveal that flower patterns reduced the overall flower handling time of the bees by up to 30%, by guiding their approach flight, landing positions, and departure decisions. Surprisingly, we observed no improvement in nectary discovery time after the bee landed on the flower. 5. Since we tested experienced foragers, which represent the majority of insect pollinators active in nature, the newly described nectary-independent guidance effects of flower patterns are of high ecological relevance
Senior Capstone Design Challenge - Herbaria
The document discusses a senior capstone design challenge to construct an herbarium of plant specimens collected from Sandy Hook. An herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens that are used by botanists, scientists, and educators. The challenge involves collecting, identifying, pressing, and displaying plant specimens, as well as documenting the specimens through a website and web log. The herbarium will help address the real-life problem of loss of plant diversity due to habitat loss and other threats. Limitations of the challenge include space, resources, and the size and thickness of specimens.
Poster_BTJ_Final
Wheat stem sawflies are a major pest for wheat crops, causing over $350 million in damage annually. They lay eggs inside wheat stems, where the larvae feed and cut the stems. Native parasitoid wasps that feed on sawfly larvae can help reduce damage. This study explores using diverse plantings of native wildflowers along wheat field edges to increase parasitoid populations and lifespan through providing nectar, which could help decrease sawfly infestation. Results showed higher sawfly infestation near fallow fields, parasitoids living longer with nectar access, and lower infestation correlated with higher plant diversity along edges.
A renewed need for a genomic field guide to microbes
This document discusses the need for a genomic field guide to microbes. It outlines several challenges to creating such a guide, including the small size and diversity of microbes, as well as difficulties observing and collecting data on them in natural environments. Potential solutions proposed include advances in DNA sequencing technologies that have enabled large-scale cataloging and identification of microbes. Components suggested for inclusion in a field guide are phylogenetic catalogs, functional profiles, biogeography data, identification methods, and information on applications like pathogen detection. Citizen science initiatives are also presented as a way to engage the public in microbiology. The talk concludes by advocating the creation of a comprehensive genomic field guide to microbes.
Companion Plants - Ecological Agriculture Projects
This document discusses companion planting and its benefits. It describes how companion planting involves arranging plants in a garden to enhance each other's growth through various means like attracting beneficial insects, repelling pests, fixing nitrogen in the soil, and providing habitat. The document provides examples of plant combinations and relationships between plants and cites research showing companion planting can increase food production on small plots of land significantly. It promotes companion planting as a natural alternative to pesticides and monocultures.
Mapping Biodiversity - The Atlas of Living Australia
The document summarizes the Atlas of Living Australia project, which aims to provide open access to biodiversity data. It discusses challenges such as digitizing literature and specimens, standardizing data, integrating taxonomy, and developing tools for users. The Atlas will include a metadata repository, species pages, a regional atlas, and annotation tools to link data and comments. The goal is to make Australia's biological knowledge more accessible and usable.
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Befriending Farm Allies by Nancy Lee Adamson, CFSA SAC 2016
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Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
Deep Software Variability and Frictionless ReproducibilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defects
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
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field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
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Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
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ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
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The pygmy halfbeak Dermogenys colletei, is known for its viviparous nature, this presents an intriguing case of relatively low fecundity, raising questions about potential compensatory reproductive strategies employed by this species. Our study delves into the examination of fecundity and the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) in the Pygmy Halfbeak, D. colletei (Meisner, 2001), an intriguing viviparous fish indigenous to Sarawak, Borneo. We hypothesize that the Pygmy halfbeak, D. colletei, may exhibit unique reproductive adaptations to offset its low fecundity, thus enhancing its survival and fitness. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing 28 mature female specimens of D. colletei, carefully measuring fecundity and GSI to shed light on the reproductive adaptations of this species. Our findings reveal that D. colletei indeed exhibits low fecundity, with a mean of 16.76 ± 2.01, and a mean GSI of 12.83 ± 1.27, providing crucial insights into the reproductive mechanisms at play in this species. These results underscore the existence of unique reproductive strategies in D. colletei, enabling its adaptation and persistence in Borneo's diverse aquatic ecosystems, and call for further ecological research to elucidate these mechanisms. This study lends to a better understanding of viviparous fish in Borneo and contributes to the broader field of aquatic ecology, enhancing our knowledge of species adaptations to unique ecological challenges.
Equivariant neural networks and representation theory
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
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With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
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THEMATIC APPERCEPTION TEST(TAT) cognitive abilities, creativity, and critic...
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hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skillsApplied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
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https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
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Deep Software Variability and Frictionless Reproducibility
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mô tả các thí nghiệm về đánh giá tác động dòng khí hóa sau đốt
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aziz sancar nobel prize winner: from mardin to nobel
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Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
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Compexometric titration/Chelatorphy titration/chelating titration
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Crowd sourcing ecology: using the internet to develop hypotheses about pollinator preferences
- 1. Crowd-sourcing ecology: Predicting plant attractiveness to pollinators from internet image searches Christie Bahlai and Douglas Landis Michigan State University
- 2. Restoring landscapes to support pollinators Use plant communities that are: Attractive Diverse Locally adapted Native
- 3. Common garden experiments Soil types Local climate
- 4. Is there a better way? Goal: identify candidate plants for locally customized habitat restoration Can we use existing data to help narrow our search?
- 5. Hypothesis People like to take pictures of plants in bloom People like to post pictures on the internet Some of the pictures will capture insect visitations Plants that are highly attractive to pollinators will be photographed being visited by pollinators more frequently Ellen Booraem, http://ellenbooraem.blogspot.com/
- 6. Approach Determine search terms and engines to use Search for images of plants with experimentally known pollinator visitation rates See if relative visitation rate observed in searches ‘predicts’ relative attractiveness of flower
- 7. Search terms and engines Plant species Search term Search engine Latin name Common name "Beneficial Insect" "Insect" "Bee" "Honey Bee" Bing Vicia faba Fava Bean 0 (7) 0 6 1 (17) Fagopyrum esculentum Buckwheat 0 (7) 5 8 3 Coriandrum sativum Coriander 0 (19) 0 3 0 (27) Lobularia maritima Sweet Alyssum 1 1 3 4 Anethum graveolens Dill 0 0 1 0 (21) Total 1 6 21 8 Google Vicia faba Fava Bean 2 3 11 8 Fagopyrum esculentum Buckwheat 1 3 7 4 Coriandrum sativum Coriander 1 4 2 2 Lobularia maritima Sweet Alyssum 1 1 2 2 Anethum graveolens Dill 1 3 0 0 Total 6 14 22 16
- 8. Testing the association Existing surveys: Tuell et al 2008 (Apis and non-Apis bees) Fieldler 2006 (Syrphid flies) Search Google images for “[plant species] bee” Record number of images with each taxa in them Photos: John Severns, Wojciech Ochwat, Kevin Hall
- 9. Results
- 10. Results Relationships between visitation rates in field for non-Apis bees, syrphids No relationship for Apis bees Model Slope (field/ images) Pseudo-R2 Apis bees - - Non-Apis bees* 0.10±0.04 0.668 Syrphids 0.08±0.72 0.003
- 11. Discussion Neat! It worked (for non-Apis bees)! Why were no relationships observed for Apis bees? Photos: John Severns, Wojciech Ochwat, Kevin Hall
- 13. More information See complete data+ analysis for this experiment on GitHub (cbahlai/Bee_images)
- 14. Thank you! Data collection: Julia Perrone Photos: Carolyn Malmstrom, Ashley Bennett, Rufus Isaacs
Editor's Notes
- Examine first 30 search results