Crostacei and aracnidi by Pompignoli and Naldoni
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Crustaceans are a large group of arthropods that include crabs, barnacles, shrimp, and krill. They are distinguished by having two-parted limbs and a larval stage called a nauplius. Their fossil record shows they have remained largely unchanged since the Triassic period. Crustacean bodies are divided into three regions - head, thorax, abdomen - and covered by a hard exoskeleton. They typically have biramous appendages and an open circulatory system with a heart near the dorsal surface.
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activity 2 - amphioxus
1) Amphioxus is a small, semitransparent marine animal that lacks distinct head and has a notochord extending to its head.
2) It has gill slits for filtering food particles from water and an endostyle for processing food in its pharynx.
3) Amphioxus spends much of its time buried in ocean sediment and uses rapid body movements and its notochord extending to its tip to burrow, and contracts its myomeres muscles to swim.
SPECIES OF Annelids
There are three main classes of annelids: Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, and Hirudinea. Polychaeta includes marine worms like Neries that have many chaetae (hair-like structures) and are useful for respiration and locomotion. Oligochaeta includes terrestrial worms like earthworms that have few chaetae and no parapodia. Hirudinea includes leeches that are ectoparasites and have no chaetae at all. Annelids are bilaterally symmetrical, coelomate worms with closed circulatory systems and no dedicated respiratory organs.
Segmented Worms
Annelids, or segmented worms, have bilateral symmetry and a body cavity containing organs. Earthworms have over 100 segments and move using setae and muscles. They ingest soil, grind it, and excrete waste to aid the soil. Earthworms have a closed circulatory system and exchange gases through their skin. They are hermaphrodites that need to mate to reproduce. Marine worms have segments with bundled setae, with some free-moving and others building tubes. Leeches lack setae and feed on blood, being used medicinally to prevent coagulation and study treatments. Segmented worms are valuable as they aerate soil, produce medicines, and provide food.
7. echinoderms and ascidians
The document summarizes key characteristics of the phylum Echinodermata. It describes that they are marine animals with spiny skin and a water vascular system used for locomotion and feeding. They display pentaradial symmetry as adults but are biradial as larvae. The phylum includes sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, brittle stars, and sea cucumbers which show morphological diversity but share characteristics like a calcite endoskeleton and collagenous connective tissue.
Mullusk
Mollusks are a diverse phylum of soft-bodied animals that usually have an external or internal shell. They include snails, slugs, clams, squids, and octopuses. The basic body plan of mollusks consists of a foot, mantle, shell, and visceral mass. The three main classes of mollusks are gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods. Gastropods are shelled or shell-less mollusks that move using a foot, while bivalves have two shells held together by muscles. Cephalopods like squid and octopus have a head attached to a muscular foot that is modified into tentacles.
Cephalopodes are advance molluscs
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Echinoderms
Echinoderms are marine invertebrates with spiny skin and five-part radial symmetry. They include sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and sea lilies. Sea stars have arms that are attached to each other and are active predators that eat mollusks and crustaceans. Sea urchins are herbivores that scrape algae and plants using their Aristotle's lantern. Sea cucumbers defend themselves by ejecting toxic internal organs when threatened.
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1) Amphioxus is a small, semitransparent marine animal that lacks distinct head and has a notochord extending to its head.
2) It has gill slits for filtering food particles from water and an endostyle for processing food in its pharynx.
3) Amphioxus spends much of its time buried in ocean sediment and uses rapid body movements and its notochord extending to its tip to burrow, and contracts its myomeres muscles to swim.
SPECIES OF Annelids
There are three main classes of annelids: Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, and Hirudinea. Polychaeta includes marine worms like Neries that have many chaetae (hair-like structures) and are useful for respiration and locomotion. Oligochaeta includes terrestrial worms like earthworms that have few chaetae and no parapodia. Hirudinea includes leeches that are ectoparasites and have no chaetae at all. Annelids are bilaterally symmetrical, coelomate worms with closed circulatory systems and no dedicated respiratory organs.
Segmented Worms
Annelids, or segmented worms, have bilateral symmetry and a body cavity containing organs. Earthworms have over 100 segments and move using setae and muscles. They ingest soil, grind it, and excrete waste to aid the soil. Earthworms have a closed circulatory system and exchange gases through their skin. They are hermaphrodites that need to mate to reproduce. Marine worms have segments with bundled setae, with some free-moving and others building tubes. Leeches lack setae and feed on blood, being used medicinally to prevent coagulation and study treatments. Segmented worms are valuable as they aerate soil, produce medicines, and provide food.
7. echinoderms and ascidians
The document summarizes key characteristics of the phylum Echinodermata. It describes that they are marine animals with spiny skin and a water vascular system used for locomotion and feeding. They display pentaradial symmetry as adults but are biradial as larvae. The phylum includes sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, brittle stars, and sea cucumbers which show morphological diversity but share characteristics like a calcite endoskeleton and collagenous connective tissue.
Mullusk
Mollusks are a diverse phylum of soft-bodied animals that usually have an external or internal shell. They include snails, slugs, clams, squids, and octopuses. The basic body plan of mollusks consists of a foot, mantle, shell, and visceral mass. The three main classes of mollusks are gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods. Gastropods are shelled or shell-less mollusks that move using a foot, while bivalves have two shells held together by muscles. Cephalopods like squid and octopus have a head attached to a muscular foot that is modified into tentacles.
Cephalopodes are advance molluscs
Cephalopodes are advance molluscs-Among Mollusca, Cephalopodes are the highly specialized and advanced group.
Echinoderms
Echinoderms are marine invertebrates with spiny skin and five-part radial symmetry. They include sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, and sea lilies. Sea stars have arms that are attached to each other and are active predators that eat mollusks and crustaceans. Sea urchins are herbivores that scrape algae and plants using their Aristotle's lantern. Sea cucumbers defend themselves by ejecting toxic internal organs when threatened.
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2. It has an oblong body up to 13 cm long that is divided into a body proper and foot, both covered by a leathery test.
3. The test contains cells, fibrils, calcareous spicules, and branching blood vessels that end in bulb-like ampullae, giving the test a pink color with red patches.
echinodermata and mollusca
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The phylum Annelida includes segmented worms such as earthworms and leeches. Their bodies are bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic, with a complete digestive tract that extends from the mouth to the anus. They possess a true coelom and metamerically segmented bodies. Locomotion is achieved through setae or hairs located in parapodia. The circulatory system is closed with one or more hearts, and respiration occurs through the skin. Excretion is through nephridia. Annelids play an important role in soil enrichment and some species have medical uses.
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The document discusses several aspects of mollusca:
1. It provides a classification of mollusca into 6 main classes based on their symmetry, characters, and features.
2. It describes key external features of several molluscan species including chiton, cuttlefish, freshwater mussel, and sepia.
3. It discusses the economic importance of molluscs as a food source and in industries, and also mentions some harmful molluscs.
Biology 27.3
Annelids are segmented worms with a true coelom lined with mesodermal tissue. They have internal structures like a septum dividing body segments, setae or bristles on segments, and organs like a crop and gizzard for food storage and digestion. They also have a closed circulatory system and may have gills for gas exchange. Annelids reproduce through a clitellum that secretes a mucus ring for eggs and sperm. Oligochaetes typically have few setae and live in soil or freshwater, while polychaetes are marine with paddle-like appendages and leeches are blood-feeding parasites.
Subphylum Cephalochordata - zoology
The Cephalochordata are a small subphylum (about 28 species) of small, 5 to 10 centimetres long.
All known species are marine. They occur all around the world in both temperate and tropical waters.
Cephalochordates live in shallow marine or brackish water all over the world. They can actively swim around, but most of the time are sedentary, buried in sand.
Phylum Annelida
This PPT is for F.Y.B.Sc students of course I Semester I, belonging to Mumbai University of Maharashtra India
You can email at sudesh_rathod@yahoo.co.in for further query.
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type study of frog
Frogs are found near fresh water and damp places. The common Indian frog is Rana tigrina. It moves by leaping or walking on land, and swimming using powerful hindlimbs. Frogs are carnivorous and make croaking noises. They are cold-blooded. Frogs have digestive, circulatory, respiratory, excretory and nervous systems that allow them to function on land and in water. Their morphology includes features like webbed digits and mucous glands that aid their lifestyle.
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This document summarizes the key marine arthropod classes. It describes their general characteristics including bilateral symmetry, exoskeleton, molting, digestion, and circulatory and nervous systems. The major classes included are Malacostraca, Branchiopoda, Ostracoda, Copepoda, Pentastomida, and Cirripedia. These classes are distinguished by features like body plan, habitat, appendages, life cycle, and ecology.
Functions of the frogs body systems
The document summarizes the main body systems of frogs:
- The reproductive system allows frogs to produce offspring through external fertilization, with males releasing sperm onto eggs laid by females.
- The endocrine system secretes hormones to regulate processes like hibernation and reproduction.
- Other body systems discussed include the nervous, muscular, skeletal, circulatory, respiratory, excretory, integumentary and digestive systems, which perform similar functions to humans.
HERDMANIA
Herdmania is a genus of sea squirt found in shallow waters. It is a hermaphroditic chordate that is pinkish in color, around 9.5cm long, 7cm broad, and 4cm thick. Fertilization is external and its development is indirect, starting as a free-swimming tadpole larva. The presentation provides an overview of the classification, anatomy, and life cycle of Herdmania.
Phylum echinodermata
Echinoderms are marine animals with radial or pentaradial symmetry and calcareous endoskeletons. They include sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, crinoids, and feather stars. Echinoderms have unique features like external skeletons, lack of heads, mouths on the underside, and anuses on top. They can regenerate limbs and have both sexual and asexual reproduction, though some like seahorses have male birth. The phylum contains five classes - Asteroidea, Crinoidea, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea, and Ophiuroidea - which differ in body structure,
Chordata
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3) Vertebrates are the most complex group and possess an internal skeleton, segmented muscles, complex skin, and more advanced digestive, respiratory, circulatory, nervous and excretory systems compared to other chordates.
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Phylum Of Annelida is very important in our biodiversity .
In this Slide to Basic Idea of Anneliad phylum animal ..
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- As larvae, both urochordates and cephalochordates display these chordate traits but urochordates lose many during metamorphosis while cephalochordates retain them as adults. Cephalochordates are also known as lancelets.
- The notochord is a flexible rod that runs between the digestive and nervous systems and allows these primitive chordates to swim and move.
Arthropoda characters & classification
- Arthropoda is the largest phylum of animals, including insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and others. They are bilaterally symmetrical, segmented, and have jointed appendages and a chitinous exoskeleton.
- The phylum contains over 80% of all animal species. It is divided into subphyla including Trilobita, Chelicerata, and Mandibulata. Trilobites are extinct marine arthropods. Chelicerates include spiders, scorpions, and others. Mandibulates include insects, crustaceans, centipedes, and millipedes.
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1. The document describes the structure of Herdmania pallida, a species of ascidian.
2. It has an oblong body up to 13 cm long that is divided into a body proper and foot, both covered by a leathery test.
3. The test contains cells, fibrils, calcareous spicules, and branching blood vessels that end in bulb-like ampullae, giving the test a pink color with red patches.
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This document provides information about the phyla Echinodermata and Mollusca. It describes their general characteristics, classifications, reproduction, special features, and economic importance. Echinodermata are spiny-skinned marine animals without freshwater or terrestrial representatives. They have calcium carbonate ossicles in their skin and include sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers. Mollusca is the second largest phylum of invertebrates and includes snails, slugs, clams, squids, and octopuses. They are soft-bodied with some having shells. Both phyla play important ecological roles and have economic uses as food, ornament
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The phylum Annelida includes segmented worms such as earthworms and leeches. Their bodies are bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic, with a complete digestive tract that extends from the mouth to the anus. They possess a true coelom and metamerically segmented bodies. Locomotion is achieved through setae or hairs located in parapodia. The circulatory system is closed with one or more hearts, and respiration occurs through the skin. Excretion is through nephridia. Annelids play an important role in soil enrichment and some species have medical uses.
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The document summarizes the key characteristics of the major vertebrate classes: Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia. It describes their distinguishing features such as respiration, circulation, fertilization, eggs/young, metabolism, skin/covering, and other defining traits. The classes generally increase in complexity from jawless fish to mammals, with mammals exhibiting the most advanced adaptations including fur/hair, mammary glands, and internal gestation/live birth.
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These presentation slides are all about Invertebrates and the topics are explained in conceptual manner. If anybody follow to these presentation slides i sure that he/ she will feel blessed
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The document discusses several aspects of mollusca:
1. It provides a classification of mollusca into 6 main classes based on their symmetry, characters, and features.
2. It describes key external features of several molluscan species including chiton, cuttlefish, freshwater mussel, and sepia.
3. It discusses the economic importance of molluscs as a food source and in industries, and also mentions some harmful molluscs.
Biology 27.3
Annelids are segmented worms with a true coelom lined with mesodermal tissue. They have internal structures like a septum dividing body segments, setae or bristles on segments, and organs like a crop and gizzard for food storage and digestion. They also have a closed circulatory system and may have gills for gas exchange. Annelids reproduce through a clitellum that secretes a mucus ring for eggs and sperm. Oligochaetes typically have few setae and live in soil or freshwater, while polychaetes are marine with paddle-like appendages and leeches are blood-feeding parasites.
Subphylum Cephalochordata - zoology
The Cephalochordata are a small subphylum (about 28 species) of small, 5 to 10 centimetres long.
All known species are marine. They occur all around the world in both temperate and tropical waters.
Cephalochordates live in shallow marine or brackish water all over the world. They can actively swim around, but most of the time are sedentary, buried in sand.
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This PPT is for F.Y.B.Sc students of course I Semester I, belonging to Mumbai University of Maharashtra India
You can email at sudesh_rathod@yahoo.co.in for further query.
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The document summarizes key information about two phyla of aquatic invertebrate animals: Porifera (sponges) and Cnidaria (jellyfish, corals, hydra, sea anemones). It describes their basic body plans, cell types, life cycles, symmetry, and major classes within each phylum. Sponges are sessile, water filtering organisms that lack tissues, organs and systems. Cnidarians are radially symmetric and exhibit either sessile or floating body forms at different stages of their life cycle.
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Frogs are found near fresh water and damp places. The common Indian frog is Rana tigrina. It moves by leaping or walking on land, and swimming using powerful hindlimbs. Frogs are carnivorous and make croaking noises. They are cold-blooded. Frogs have digestive, circulatory, respiratory, excretory and nervous systems that allow them to function on land and in water. Their morphology includes features like webbed digits and mucous glands that aid their lifestyle.
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The document summarizes the main body systems of frogs:
- The reproductive system allows frogs to produce offspring through external fertilization, with males releasing sperm onto eggs laid by females.
- The endocrine system secretes hormones to regulate processes like hibernation and reproduction.
- Other body systems discussed include the nervous, muscular, skeletal, circulatory, respiratory, excretory, integumentary and digestive systems, which perform similar functions to humans.
HERDMANIA
Herdmania is a genus of sea squirt found in shallow waters. It is a hermaphroditic chordate that is pinkish in color, around 9.5cm long, 7cm broad, and 4cm thick. Fertilization is external and its development is indirect, starting as a free-swimming tadpole larva. The presentation provides an overview of the classification, anatomy, and life cycle of Herdmania.
Phylum echinodermata
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3) Vertebrates are the most complex group and possess an internal skeleton, segmented muscles, complex skin, and more advanced digestive, respiratory, circulatory, nervous and excretory systems compared to other chordates.
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Phylum Of Annelida is very important in our biodiversity .
In this Slide to Basic Idea of Anneliad phylum animal ..
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- As larvae, both urochordates and cephalochordates display these chordate traits but urochordates lose many during metamorphosis while cephalochordates retain them as adults. Cephalochordates are also known as lancelets.
- The notochord is a flexible rod that runs between the digestive and nervous systems and allows these primitive chordates to swim and move.
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Class xi ch 4
This document provides information on the classification of animals, describing their levels of organization, symmetry, embryonic layers, body cavities, and other characteristics used to group them into taxa. It discusses sponges, cnidarians, ctenophores, flatworms, roundworms, annelids, arthropods, molluscs, echinoderms, hemichordates, and chordates. Within chordates, it describes lampreys and hagfish, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, amphibians, and several classes of vertebrates. The classification system presented moves from simpler to more complex organisms and discusses key distinguishing features of each group.
The laboratory rat
- Rats originated in Asia and spread to Europe through trade routes, with the brown rat colonizing worldwide.
- Laboratory rats descended from the brown rat and differ from wild rats in traits like smaller adrenals and earlier sexual maturity.
- Rats can be inbred strains or outbred stocks and show variability in biological parameters depending on their classification.
- Rats are nocturnal, non-aggressive, and easily trainable but improper handling can affect their behavior.
Phylum arthropoda visual bee
1. The document discusses two phyla - Arthropoda and Echinodermata. It describes the general characteristics and representative classes of each phylum.
2. For Arthropoda, it outlines the characteristics like jointed exoskeleton and segmented body and lists the classes Insecta, Crustacea, Arachnida, etc. It also describes the life cycles of insects like dragonflies and butterflies.
3. For Echinodermata, it discusses the spiny skin, water vascular system and radial symmetry. It provides details on the classes Asteroidea, Holothuroidea, Crinoidea, Echinoidea and Ophiuroidea with examples like sea stars
Lecture 8 phylum annelida
Annelida is a phylum of segmented worms that includes earthworms, leeches, and polychaetes. They have elongated bodies divided into many similar segments. Key features include a coelom, metamerism, and parapodia used for locomotion and respiration. The three main classes are Polychaeta (bristle worms), Oligochaeta (earthworms and related species), and Hirudinea (leeches). Annelids display a variety of forms and habitats but are generally successful due to their tube-within-a-tube body design allowing for organ and fluid compartmentalization.
Classifying invertebrates and vertebrates in Science 6
This document provides information about different types of invertebrate animals, including arthropods, mollusks, echinoderms, sponges, cnidarians, and others. It describes their key characteristics such as body structure, circulatory and nervous systems, habitats, and behaviors. For example, arthropods have jointed exoskeletons and appendages and include insects, arachnids, and crustaceans. The document aims to distinguish the characteristics of different invertebrate groups for further study of their relationships with human actions.
Phylum molluca
- Mollusca is the second largest phylum of animals, first proposed by John Ston, with over 50,000 living species that evolved 540 million years ago. They are found in both aquatic and terrestrial environments.
- Molluscs have a soft unsegmented body that is usually encased in a hard calcium carbonate shell. They have a muscular foot, visceral mass containing organs, and mantle that secretes and maintains the shell.
- They have well developed organ systems including a digestive system with a rasping tongue and teeth for grinding food, an excretory system with paired nephridia that collect and remove liquid wastes, and circulatory and nervous systems.
Similar to Crostacei and aracnidi by Pompignoli and Naldoni (20)
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
Classifying invertebrates and vertebrates in Science 6
Classifying invertebrates and vertebrates in Science 6
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Crostacei and aracnidi by Pompignoli and Naldoni
- 2. •Crustaceans is a very large group ok arthropods, which includes: crabs, crayfish, krill and barnacles •They are distinguished from other groups of arthropods for : • possession of two-parted limbs. • the nauplius form of the larvae. •Their fossile apparently unchanged since the Triassic period Scientific studies = CARCINOLOGY
- 3. Their body is divided into three region : •Head •Thorax •Abdomen In the head we find also the chefalothorax . The crustacean’s body is entierly covered by an hard exoskeletron. Each somite, or body segment can bear a pair of appendages: two pairs of antennae HEAD TORAX the mandibles legs maxillae To walk To feed
- 4. Other carachteristic: carachteristic • Appendages are tipicall biramous • The main body cavity is an open circulatory system, where blood is pumped into the haemocoel by a heart located near the dorsum. • The alimentary canal consists of a straight tube for grinding food and a pair of digestive glands that absorb food; this structure goes in a spiral format. • The majority of crustaceans are aquatic, living in either marine or fresh water environments
- 5. •Arachnids are a class of joint- legged invertebrate animals in the subphylum Chelicerata. •They comprise over 100,000 named species,including spiders, scorpions, ,ticks, mites and Solifu gae. •Basic characteristics of arachnids include four pairs of legs and a body divided into two tagmata: the cephalothorax and the abdomen.
- 6. Head •Eight legs chelicerae pedipalps Prosoma Thorax •Two pairs of appendages • Their body is organized into two tagmata Abdomen Preabdomen Postabdomen
- 7. •The excretory glands of arachnids include four pairs of coxal glands along the side of the prosoma, and one or two pairs of Malpighian tubules; •The blood of arachnids is variable in composition, depending on the mode of respiration; •The heart is located in the forward part of the abdomen.