This document discusses dryland farming in India. It notes that drylands contribute 42% of India's food grain production, producing 75% of pulses and over 90% of crops like sorghum, millet, groundnut and pulses. Drylands cover 47 million hectares of India's total 108 million hectares of rain-fed areas, making dryland farming an important part of Indian agriculture. The document outlines some of the key challenges of dryland farming like uncertain rainfall and climate hazards. It also discusses appropriate cropping patterns based on rainfall amounts and provides examples of common kharif and rabi crops grown in different dryland regions of India.

2. PRESENTED BY:
Mr. SHIVAJI RAVASAHEB SURYAVANSHI
M.Sc. (AGRONOMY),
RCSM COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, KOLHAPUR
MAHATMA PHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH, RAHURI.

4.  India has about 47 million hectares of dry lands out of
108 million hectares of total rain fed area.
 Dry lands contribute 42% of the total food grain
production of the country.
 These areas produce 75% of pulses and more than 90%
of sorghum, millet, groundnut and pulses from arid
and semi-arid regions.
 Thus, dry lands and rainfed farming will continue to
playa dominant role in agricultural production.

5. I. Uncertainty or limited rainfall.
II. Extensive climate hazard.
III. Undulating soil surface.
IV. Extensive holding and agriculture.
V. Relatively large plot size.
VI. Lower crop yield.
VII. Poor farmer and cattle health.

6.  Inadequate and
uncertain rains.
 Late onset of mansoon.
 Prolonged dry spell.
 Low moisture retention
capacity.
 Poor soil fertility.

7. Rainfall (mm) Cropping pattern
350-625 One crop in kharif
650-750 Intercropping may be attempted
750-900 Sequential cropping is possible
900 and above Sequential cropping is assured

8.  Deep rooted to extract moisture from deep layer.
 Low transpiration rate because of abiotic factors.
 Total rainfall.
 Soil type.
 Water availability.

9. Region or soil type Kharif crop Rabi crop
A- Northern Region
Panjab Sorghum+Maize Wheat + Potato
Haryana Pearlmillet Cluster bean
B- Central Region
Deharadun Maize - Upland paddy Wheat - Bengal gram
Uttranchal Mustard
C- Eastern Region
Jharkhand Rice+Maize Chickpea+Linseed
M.P. (jhansi) Sorghum+Bajra Bangal gram

10. Region or soil type Kharif crop Rabi crop
D- Western region
Rajasthan(Udaipur) Green gram-Sorghum Safflower-Bengal gram
Gujrat(Anand) Bajra Wheat
M.S.(Akola) Gram-Sorghum Safflower
M.S.(Solapur) Green gram-Bajra Safflower-gram
E- Southern Region
Andhrapradesh Sorghum Safflower-Horse gram
Karnataka(Maysore) Groundnut Sorghum