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Out of
Danger
Comes
                   Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity




Plans and Tabletop Exercises to Build An
        Effective Communication Strategy 1
 April 2011         www.ems-solutionsinc.com
Out of
Danger
Comes
                        Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



                   Agenda
 •  Definitions
 •  “We’re not in Kansas any more”:
    The Communities we Live in
 •  Two Critical Aspects of a Viable
    Communication Plan
 •  Communication exercises
 •  “In case of emergency, break glass”



  April 2011      www.ems-solutionsinc.com               2
Out of
Danger
Comes
                      Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity




               Definitions




  April 2011    www.ems-solutionsinc.com               3
Out of
Danger
Comes
                         Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



               Crisis Management
                           •  Crisis management is the process
                              by which an organization deals with
                              a major unpredictable event that
                              threatens to harm the organization,
                              its stakeholders, or the general
                              public.
                           •  The three most common elements
                              that define a crisis:
                                –  A threat to the organization.
                                –  The element of surprise.
                                –  A short decision time.



  April 2011       www.ems-solutionsinc.com                        4
Out of
   Danger
   Comes
                                     Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
   Opportunity



                 Reputation Management
•  Reputation is the opinion (or “social
   evaluation”) of a collection of entities
   towards a person, a group, or an
   organization. It has three elements:
    –  Defined by others.
    –  Highly effective mechanism of social
       control.
    –  Fundamental instrument of social order.
•  What is “reputation management”?
    –  Borne from the computing age, where the
       fluid nature of that media requires the
       constant monitoring of your reputation.


     April 2011                www.ems-solutionsinc.com               5
Out of
Danger
Comes
                     Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity




“We’re not in Kansas any more”:
  The Communities we Live in



  April 2011   www.ems-solutionsinc.com               6
Out of
Danger
Comes
                                  Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



      Three Different Communities
  •  “Real world”:
          –  Small towns.
          –  Big cities.
  •  “Virtual” world:
          –  Online communities.




  April 2011                www.ems-solutionsinc.com               7
Out of
Danger
Comes
                      Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



               Small Town
                             •  Small population, frequent
                                face-to-face interactions, and
                                positive identification.
                                  –  There is no question who
                                     said or did what.
                             •  Reputation accrues not only
                                throughout one's lifetime, but
                                is passed down to one's
                                offspring:
                                  –  One's individual reputation
                                     depends both on one's own
                                     actions and one's inherited
                                     reputation.


  April 2011    www.ems-solutionsinc.com                           8
Out of
Danger
Comes
                     Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



               Big Cities
                            •  Community members come
                               and go. We know a small
                               fraction of people compared
                               to the whole:
                                 –  Small subgroups provide
                                    some implied reputation
                                    management.
                            •  Reputations are managed
                               with more formal tools:
                                 –  Laws/criminal justice
                                    system.
                                 –  Elections/elected officials.
                                 –  Racial or ethnic prejudice.


  April 2011   www.ems-solutionsinc.com                            9
Out of
Danger
Comes
                         Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity


               Online Community
                                •  Instant communication,
                                   24x7:
                                     –  There is no hiding, covering
                                        up, or holding back.
                                •  Everything is available for
                                   public comment in a
                                   moment.
                                •  Everyone is a “reporter” in
                                   the virtual world.
                                     –  Cell phone photos and video
                                        are released to a global
                                        audience in moments.
  April 2011       www.ems-solutionsinc.com                     10
Out of
Danger
Comes
                     Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



    Going Viral in the Virtual World
                           •  Tony Howard, BP CEO:
                                 –  “We’re sorry for the
                                    massive disruption it’s
                                    caused to their lives.”
                           •  Later he said:
                                 –  “There’s no one who
                                    wants this thing over
                                    more than I do. I’d like my
                                    life back.” (May 31, 2010)

  April 2011   www.ems-solutionsinc.com                  11
Out of
Danger
Comes
                     Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity




  April 2011   www.ems-solutionsinc.com               12
Out of
Danger
Comes
                      Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity




        Two Critical Aspects of a
       Viable Communication Plan



  April 2011    www.ems-solutionsinc.com               13
Out of
Danger
Comes
                                  Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



               Communication Matrix
  •  A simple and valuable tool for any team to
     develop is what we call a communication
     matrix.
          –  Identify all of the stakeholders that you will need to
             communicate with after any incident.
          –  Name the internal “owner” of that communication
             relationship.
          –  Specify what tools will be used to communicate
             with each stakeholder.

  April 2011                www.ems-solutionsinc.com               14
Out of
Danger
Comes
                     Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity




  April 2011   www.ems-solutionsinc.com               15
Out of
Danger
Comes
                             Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



          Communication Templates
  •  Pre-written “scripts” that contain the basic outline of
     what information might be needed, and then could be
     quickly modified with current and pertinent
     information during an incident.
  •  Once the templates have been written, get all of the
     formal approvals now, before an event occurs. Pre-
     approval may need to include legal counsel, senior
     management, investor relations; your company may
     require other approvers.


  April 2011           www.ems-solutionsinc.com               16
Out of
Danger
Comes
                         Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity
                 Consider Two
               Styles of Messages
1.  It happened only to you. The incident only
     happened to you and the rest of “the world” is
     fine. Imagine such events as a fire, workplace
     violence situation, water pipe break, etc.
2.  It happened to everybody. The event is
     widespread or regional in nature, and many
     people are affected. This could include
     earthquakes, hurricanes, severe winter storms,
     etc.

  April 2011       www.ems-solutionsinc.com               17
Out of
Danger
Comes
                           Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity




              Communication Exercises




  April 2011         www.ems-solutionsinc.com               18
Out of
Danger
Comes
                                 Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



              Communication Exercises
  •  Communications exercises can be done for
     just the Communications team, or as part of a
     larger Incident Management Team exercise.
  •  Begin by determining what the team wants to
     get out of the exercise experience. Start with
     what we call the “silly little question”: Why are
     we doing this exercise?
          –  This conversation will help you to develop the
             specific exercise objectives for the team.

  April 2011               www.ems-solutionsinc.com               19
Out of
Danger
Comes
                                Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



          Communication Objectives
  •  To assess the ability of the communications
     team to develop timely communications:
          –  “Validate the communication matrix: stakeholders,
             owners, and tools. Note areas for improvement.”
          –  “Utilize the new communication templates. Assess
             tools and process for timeliness. Note areas for
             improvement.”
          –  “Assess the ability of the team to monitor and
             respond to social media sites such as Facebook,
             Twitter, Digg. Note areas for improvement.”
  April 2011              www.ems-solutionsinc.com               20
Out of
Danger
Comes
                                   Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



                   Exercise Narrative
  •  Once you have designed the communications
     objectives, now you can select an exercise narrative.
  •  Create a realistic scenario that will deliver the kind of
     results you are looking for in the objectives.
  •  To best exercise the Communication team, it should be
     a “public enough” event to create issues that may:
          –  Impact the company reputation and brand (both internally and
             externally).
          –  Create media interest in the story.
  •  Pull a headline “from the news” as a potential story line.

  April 2011                 www.ems-solutionsinc.com                 21
Out of
Danger
Comes
                                   Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity


                Exercise Deliverables
  •  There are a variety of specific exercise deliverables you
     might want to have your team develop and which
     should be called out. Suggestions include:
          1.  Create employee hotline message.
          2.  Create employee text message (SMS).
          3.  Create company website message.
          4.  Prepare press release.
          5.  Prepare for a press conference.
          6.  Create Facebook, Twitter, and/or other social media
              responses.
          7.  Create client message.
          8.  Create investor relations message.
  April 2011                 www.ems-solutionsinc.com               22
Out of
Danger
Comes
                            Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



         Employee Hotline Message
  •  A very reliable form of employee communication.
     These phone numbers are usually toll-free.
  •  Employees would call this number to find out simple
     information (such as if the office is open or closed)
     and basic employee instructions.
  •  For an exercise, set up a “dummy” hotline and have
     the team develop and record the message.




  April 2011          www.ems-solutionsinc.com               23
Out of
Danger
Comes
                          Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



               Text Messages (SMS)
  •  If using an emergency notification system
     (ENS), SMS might be the best and most
     reliable way of communication after a regional
     disaster.
  •  However, it takes practice to provide enough
     information in 140 characters or less.
  •  An exercise goal could be to develop SMS
     messages for employees participating in the
     exercise, and then send them.
  April 2011        www.ems-solutionsinc.com               24
Out of
Danger
Comes
                                 Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



                  Company Website
  •  How are updates posted on the company
     website? Which team makes the changes?
  •  For an exercise, if a “dummy” webpage can
     be set up, it is great practice to change the
     page to reflect the company’s status through
     the course of the exercise.
          –  If that isn’t possible, ask the team to develop the
             message and then post it on a status board in the
             exercise.

  April 2011               www.ems-solutionsinc.com               25
Out of
Danger
Comes
                         Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



               Press Release
  •  A formal press release should be developed
     for the exercise, either in response to media
     inquiries or just as a matter of course.
  •  This release should be developed, approved
     through the agreed-upon channels, and
     distributed to the team in the exercise.
  •  This gives the team a chance to use the pre-
     approved press release templates.

  April 2011       www.ems-solutionsinc.com               26
Out of
Danger
Comes
                         Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



               Press Conference
  •  This is a great conclusion to any exercise.
  •  The pre-identified company spokesperson gets
     up before a group of “reporters” to read the
     company release and take questions.
  •  Where do you get these “reporters”? Start with
     those who know the story line. Simulation
     Team members or other employees who have
     been involved in the exercise design make
     great “reporters.”
  April 2011       www.ems-solutionsinc.com               27
Out of
Danger
Comes
                           Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



               Social Media Response
  •  Develop Twitter messages and Facebook
     postings (or other forums that you find) during
     the exercise.
  •  Post these messages on the communications
     status board in the exercise so everyone can
     see what you are developing in real time.
  •  BE CAREFUL! There are no “development”
     social media systems. Don’t accidentally post
     exercise information to a real site!
  April 2011         www.ems-solutionsinc.com               28
Out of
Danger
Comes
                                  Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity


                     Client Message
  •  Go back to your communication matrix.
  •  You should have called out all of the owners
     and the tools.
  •  Develop several messages in the exercise and
     deploy to the business units.
          –  If you don’t provide the talking points, they will likely
             make them up themselves. This is not an ideal
             solution for customer communication.
  •  Post all client messages on the communications
     status board.
  April 2011                www.ems-solutionsinc.com               29
Out of
Danger
Comes
                         Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity


        Investor Relations Message
•  If you are a publically-traded company,
   sometimes you need to get a message out to “the
   Street” rapidly.
    –  This is usually an integrated response between
       Investor Relations, Legal, and your senior
       management.
•  Use the pre-designed templates and modify them
   in the exercise. Assess their effectiveness and
   post.

  April 2011       www.ems-solutionsinc.com               30
Out of
Danger
Comes
                     Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity




  April 2011   www.ems-solutionsinc.com               31
Out of
Danger
Comes
                           Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity



               Remember This…

“There is no privacy. Everyone is the media. You can’t
hide anything – don’t even think about it… Everything you
do can be exposed – so think very hard about what you
want to be in the world.”

                                  Gary Vaynerchuk	

                                  http://reputationprofessor.com/	




  April 2011         www.ems-solutionsinc.com                   32
Out of
 Danger
 Comes
                                 Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
 Opportunity




Communication in the “New World”
   •  Think about how to live in this “new world.”
           –  Your company and you are being pulled into it
              whether you like it or not.
   •  How can a Communications Team manage
      the onslaught in this brave new world of
      constant communication?
   •  You have to be ready at a moment’s notice to
      communication effectively and quickly.

   April 2011              www.ems-solutionsinc.com               33
Out of
Danger
Comes
                                Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
Opportunity




        Thank you

        Regina Phelps, CEM, RN, BSN, MPA
        Emergency Management & Safety Solutions
        San Francisco, California
        415-643-4300
        www.ems-solutionsinc.com
        Get our new book on Exercise Design @ www.ChandiMedia.com



  April 2011              www.ems-solutionsinc.com               34

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Crisis Communications_Plans and Exercises

  • 1. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Plans and Tabletop Exercises to Build An Effective Communication Strategy 1 April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com
  • 2. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Agenda •  Definitions •  “We’re not in Kansas any more”: The Communities we Live in •  Two Critical Aspects of a Viable Communication Plan •  Communication exercises •  “In case of emergency, break glass” April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 2
  • 3. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Definitions April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 3
  • 4. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Crisis Management •  Crisis management is the process by which an organization deals with a major unpredictable event that threatens to harm the organization, its stakeholders, or the general public. •  The three most common elements that define a crisis: –  A threat to the organization. –  The element of surprise. –  A short decision time. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 4
  • 5. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Reputation Management •  Reputation is the opinion (or “social evaluation”) of a collection of entities towards a person, a group, or an organization. It has three elements: –  Defined by others. –  Highly effective mechanism of social control. –  Fundamental instrument of social order. •  What is “reputation management”? –  Borne from the computing age, where the fluid nature of that media requires the constant monitoring of your reputation. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 5
  • 6. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity “We’re not in Kansas any more”: The Communities we Live in April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 6
  • 7. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Three Different Communities •  “Real world”: –  Small towns. –  Big cities. •  “Virtual” world: –  Online communities. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 7
  • 8. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Small Town •  Small population, frequent face-to-face interactions, and positive identification. –  There is no question who said or did what. •  Reputation accrues not only throughout one's lifetime, but is passed down to one's offspring: –  One's individual reputation depends both on one's own actions and one's inherited reputation. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 8
  • 9. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Big Cities •  Community members come and go. We know a small fraction of people compared to the whole: –  Small subgroups provide some implied reputation management. •  Reputations are managed with more formal tools: –  Laws/criminal justice system. –  Elections/elected officials. –  Racial or ethnic prejudice. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 9
  • 10. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Online Community •  Instant communication, 24x7: –  There is no hiding, covering up, or holding back. •  Everything is available for public comment in a moment. •  Everyone is a “reporter” in the virtual world. –  Cell phone photos and video are released to a global audience in moments. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 10
  • 11. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Going Viral in the Virtual World •  Tony Howard, BP CEO: –  “We’re sorry for the massive disruption it’s caused to their lives.” •  Later he said: –  “There’s no one who wants this thing over more than I do. I’d like my life back.” (May 31, 2010) April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 11
  • 12. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 12
  • 13. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Two Critical Aspects of a Viable Communication Plan April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 13
  • 14. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Communication Matrix •  A simple and valuable tool for any team to develop is what we call a communication matrix. –  Identify all of the stakeholders that you will need to communicate with after any incident. –  Name the internal “owner” of that communication relationship. –  Specify what tools will be used to communicate with each stakeholder. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 14
  • 15. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 15
  • 16. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Communication Templates •  Pre-written “scripts” that contain the basic outline of what information might be needed, and then could be quickly modified with current and pertinent information during an incident. •  Once the templates have been written, get all of the formal approvals now, before an event occurs. Pre- approval may need to include legal counsel, senior management, investor relations; your company may require other approvers. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 16
  • 17. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Consider Two Styles of Messages 1.  It happened only to you. The incident only happened to you and the rest of “the world” is fine. Imagine such events as a fire, workplace violence situation, water pipe break, etc. 2.  It happened to everybody. The event is widespread or regional in nature, and many people are affected. This could include earthquakes, hurricanes, severe winter storms, etc. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 17
  • 18. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Communication Exercises April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 18
  • 19. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Communication Exercises •  Communications exercises can be done for just the Communications team, or as part of a larger Incident Management Team exercise. •  Begin by determining what the team wants to get out of the exercise experience. Start with what we call the “silly little question”: Why are we doing this exercise? –  This conversation will help you to develop the specific exercise objectives for the team. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 19
  • 20. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Communication Objectives •  To assess the ability of the communications team to develop timely communications: –  “Validate the communication matrix: stakeholders, owners, and tools. Note areas for improvement.” –  “Utilize the new communication templates. Assess tools and process for timeliness. Note areas for improvement.” –  “Assess the ability of the team to monitor and respond to social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Digg. Note areas for improvement.” April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 20
  • 21. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Exercise Narrative •  Once you have designed the communications objectives, now you can select an exercise narrative. •  Create a realistic scenario that will deliver the kind of results you are looking for in the objectives. •  To best exercise the Communication team, it should be a “public enough” event to create issues that may: –  Impact the company reputation and brand (both internally and externally). –  Create media interest in the story. •  Pull a headline “from the news” as a potential story line. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 21
  • 22. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Exercise Deliverables •  There are a variety of specific exercise deliverables you might want to have your team develop and which should be called out. Suggestions include: 1.  Create employee hotline message. 2.  Create employee text message (SMS). 3.  Create company website message. 4.  Prepare press release. 5.  Prepare for a press conference. 6.  Create Facebook, Twitter, and/or other social media responses. 7.  Create client message. 8.  Create investor relations message. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 22
  • 23. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Employee Hotline Message •  A very reliable form of employee communication. These phone numbers are usually toll-free. •  Employees would call this number to find out simple information (such as if the office is open or closed) and basic employee instructions. •  For an exercise, set up a “dummy” hotline and have the team develop and record the message. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 23
  • 24. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Text Messages (SMS) •  If using an emergency notification system (ENS), SMS might be the best and most reliable way of communication after a regional disaster. •  However, it takes practice to provide enough information in 140 characters or less. •  An exercise goal could be to develop SMS messages for employees participating in the exercise, and then send them. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 24
  • 25. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Company Website •  How are updates posted on the company website? Which team makes the changes? •  For an exercise, if a “dummy” webpage can be set up, it is great practice to change the page to reflect the company’s status through the course of the exercise. –  If that isn’t possible, ask the team to develop the message and then post it on a status board in the exercise. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 25
  • 26. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Press Release •  A formal press release should be developed for the exercise, either in response to media inquiries or just as a matter of course. •  This release should be developed, approved through the agreed-upon channels, and distributed to the team in the exercise. •  This gives the team a chance to use the pre- approved press release templates. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 26
  • 27. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Press Conference •  This is a great conclusion to any exercise. •  The pre-identified company spokesperson gets up before a group of “reporters” to read the company release and take questions. •  Where do you get these “reporters”? Start with those who know the story line. Simulation Team members or other employees who have been involved in the exercise design make great “reporters.” April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 27
  • 28. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Social Media Response •  Develop Twitter messages and Facebook postings (or other forums that you find) during the exercise. •  Post these messages on the communications status board in the exercise so everyone can see what you are developing in real time. •  BE CAREFUL! There are no “development” social media systems. Don’t accidentally post exercise information to a real site! April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 28
  • 29. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Client Message •  Go back to your communication matrix. •  You should have called out all of the owners and the tools. •  Develop several messages in the exercise and deploy to the business units. –  If you don’t provide the talking points, they will likely make them up themselves. This is not an ideal solution for customer communication. •  Post all client messages on the communications status board. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 29
  • 30. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Investor Relations Message •  If you are a publically-traded company, sometimes you need to get a message out to “the Street” rapidly. –  This is usually an integrated response between Investor Relations, Legal, and your senior management. •  Use the pre-designed templates and modify them in the exercise. Assess their effectiveness and post. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 30
  • 31. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 31
  • 32. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Remember This… “There is no privacy. Everyone is the media. You can’t hide anything – don’t even think about it… Everything you do can be exposed – so think very hard about what you want to be in the world.” Gary Vaynerchuk http://reputationprofessor.com/ April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 32
  • 33. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Communication in the “New World” •  Think about how to live in this “new world.” –  Your company and you are being pulled into it whether you like it or not. •  How can a Communications Team manage the onslaught in this brave new world of constant communication? •  You have to be ready at a moment’s notice to communication effectively and quickly. April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 33
  • 34. Out of Danger Comes Emergency Management & Safety Solutions Opportunity Thank you Regina Phelps, CEM, RN, BSN, MPA Emergency Management & Safety Solutions San Francisco, California 415-643-4300 www.ems-solutionsinc.com Get our new book on Exercise Design @ www.ChandiMedia.com April 2011 www.ems-solutionsinc.com 34