1. The document discusses cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and their role in mediating prostaglandin formation and inflammation. 2. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) work by inhibiting COX enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2, which inhibits prostaglandin production and subsequent inflammation. 3. NSAIDs are commonly used to treat conditions involving pain and inflammation like arthritis, headaches, and menstrual cramps. Their main side effects involve potential risks to the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems.

1. PMSC | 213
Faisal A. Al Moaiqel
30 05 03 008
Abdulaziz Alenazi COX 1,2
30 05 01 007
Mohammed Al-Sherbrain Inhibitors
30 05 02 013
Meshal A. Almaghrabi
30 05 02 008
Khalid N. Al Dalbahi
28 05 03 016

2. Objectives
 Overview.
 Mechanism of Action.
 Medical Uses.
 Side Effects.

3. OVERVIEW

4. Overview
what’s COXs and their roles?
 Cyclooxygenase is an enzyme responsible
about formation prostanoids . Ex:
prostaglandins - fatty-acid derivatives
located all over body.
 The role of COX is mediates the
conversion of arachidonic acid into
PGH2,which is then converted to various
PGs by specific syntheses COX 1,2 .

5. Overview
How NSAIDs work ?
 RegularNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs) work by inhibit the
production of prostaglandins (PGs) ,
which will inhabit their inflammation and
immune response effects.

6. Overview
COX-1
 COX-1 is expressed in many tissues
(including the gastrointestinal tract,
platelets, and kidney)
 And it's responsible for producing
prostanoids that regulate normal
physiologic functions.

7. Overview
COX-2
 COX-2 is the inducible form responsible
for the production of prostanoids in
response to a variety of evoking stimuli
(including cytokines, growth factors,
mitogens, and tumor promoters) in
different tissues and for the mediation of
inflammation and pain in certain diseases.

8. Mechanism
of Action

9. Mechanism of Action
 Most NSAIDs act as non-selective inhibitors
of the enzyme cyclooxygenase, inhibiting
both the cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and
cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) isoenzymes.

10. Mechanism of Action
 Cyclooxygenase catalyzes the formation
of prostaglandins and thromboxane from
arachidonic acid . Prostaglandins act
(among other things) as messenger
molecules in the process of inflammation.

11. Medical Uses

12. Medical Uses
 NSAIDs are usually indicated for the
treatment of acute or chronic conditions
where pain and inflammation are present.
Research continues into their potential for
prevention of colorectal cancer, and
treatment of other conditions, such as
cancer and cardiovascular disease.

13. Medical Uses
 NSAIDs are generally indicated for the
symptomatic relief of the following
conditions:
 Rheumatoid arthritis.
 Inflammatory arthropathies.
 Dysmenorrhea.
 Headache and migraine.

14. Medical Uses
 Aspirin, the only NSAID able to irreversibly
inhibit COX-1, is also indicated for
inhibition of platelet aggregation. This is
useful in the management of arterial
thrombosis and prevention of adverse
cardiovascular events. Aspirin inhibits
platelet aggregation by inhibiting the
action of thromboxane A2

15. Side Effects

16. Side Effects
The Main Side Effect of NSAIDs
Is:
 Cardiovascular.
 The link between COX-2 inhibitors and
increased risk of heart attack is now well
established.
Others:
 Gastrointestinal.
 Inflammatory bowel disease.
 Renal Disorders.

17. Thanks! :)