Cowboys
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American cowboys originated from ex-Confederate soldiers and ex-slaves seeking work after the Civil War. The cattle industry slowly developed on the Great Plains until the 1860s, when demand for beef increased in the East. This led cattle ranchers to expand their operations, driving herds from Texas to railheads in Kansas. The establishment of forts and reservations reduced threats from Plains Indians, allowing the cattle industry to supply meat to the army. Joseph McCoy helped solve the problem of moving cattle by establishing Abilene, Kansas as a railhead in 1867. Later, barbed wire fencing allowed homesteads to expand, ending the need for open-range cattle drives and the "golden age of cowboys" by
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The document summarizes key events in the development of the American West between the mid-1800s to late 1800s. It discusses the mining booms that attracted people to the West, fueled by gold and silver finds. It also covers the growth of cattle ranching and how railroads connected the East to the expanding Western markets. Finally, it outlines the struggles of Native Americans to maintain their lands and culture in the face of Western expansion and the rise of farming communities in the Great Plains.
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The document summarizes the culture of Plains Indians like the Sioux, their nomadic lifestyle following buffalo herds, and their political/social organization. It then describes how westward expansion of white settlers through Manifest Destiny brought increasing violent conflict with Native Americans over land. As settlers encroached on hunting grounds, broken treaties sometimes forced relocation of tribes. Notable uprisings included the Dakota Sioux in 1862 and Lakota Sioux defense of territory led by chiefs like Red Cloud. Later peace efforts through reservations failed due to poverty and corruption, leading to later wars in the 1870s as Native Americans left reservations and buffalo herds disappeared. A major battle was the defeat of Custer at Little Bigh
Closing The Western Frontier
The document discusses several key issues around the closing of the American western frontier in the late 19th century, including:
1) Various groups migrated westward for opportunities including free land, profit, and manifest destiny, straining relations with native peoples and leading to conflicts over land and resources.
2) Iconic figures and groups emerged during this period like cowboys, gunslingers, miners, ranchers, settlers, and soldiers, many of whom faced hard lives and conflicts on the frontier.
3) Native American tribes suffered tremendously from loss of lands and buffalo herds, disease, and conflicts with white settlers and government policies which led to many being forced onto reservations.
4 1minersandcowboysinthewest-110718072616-phpapp02
Miners and ranchers helped build the American West in the late 19th century. Miners flocked west during the Gold Rush, founding boomtowns when gold and silver deposits were discovered. The Comstock Lode silver deposit in Nevada transformed San Francisco and sparked a rush of over 30,000 people to Virginia City. Ranchers drove cattle on long trails from Texas to markets in Kansas, establishing the iconic cowboy culture and cattle towns along trails like the Chisholm Trail. However, the open range era ended when barbed wire was invented, allowing farmers to fence off their land.
Ch. 13 notes section1
The culture of the Plains Indians declined as white settlers transformed the Great Plains, pushing the Indians off their lands. Meanwhile, farmers formed the Populist movement to address their economic concerns arising from the settlement of the West. As settlers moved west and claimed more land, conflicts increased between Native Americans and settlers who wanted to own the land.
Rodeos
Rodeo originated from Spanish ranch work where cowboys would herd cattle for various purposes. It evolved into a competitive sport starting in the late 1800s centered around skills used on cattle ranches. Main events include roping cattle, steer wrestling, saddle bronc and bull riding. Rodeo grew popular as public entertainment in the early 1900s and featured stars such as Buffalo Bill Cody. Today, famous rodeos like the Pendleton Round-Up in Oregon and Cheyenne Frontier Days in Wyoming continue the tradition.
Americans Move West
Americans moved west for several key reasons: economic opportunities from gold/silver rushes; availability of open land; and new jobs building railroads. This movement led to the growth of boom towns near mining sites and rail stations. It also increased conflicts with Native Americans over land. Westward expansion involved the forced relocation of Indian tribes to reservations and numerous battles as American settlers pushed into Indian territory.
Cultures clash on the prairie
The document summarizes the clash of cultures between Native Americans and settlers on the Great Plains in the late 19th century. As settlers moved west and claimed Native American land, the government forced tribes onto reservations, leading to conflicts like the Sand Creek and Little Bighorn massacres. Later policies like the Dawes Act further disrupted Native American tribes and culture by breaking up reservations. The final clash was the Wounded Knee Massacre, which largely ended the Indian Wars. Meanwhile, cattle ranching expanded on the plains with the establishment of the cowboy culture and trails like the Chisholm Trail to drive cattle to markets.
Closing thewesternfrontier
The document discusses the impact of railroads on the development of the American West in the late 19th century, including the cattle industry, transcontinental railroads, immigration, and elimination of buffalo herds. It also summarizes key aspects of Western expansion like the decline of the cowboy way of life, legendary figures like Buffalo Bill and Calamity Jane, the mining industry, conflicts over land use, and the myths and realities of pioneer life on the plains.
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Goal 4 the great west and the rise of the debtors (1860s 1896)
Goal 4 the great west and the rise of the debtors (1860s 1896)
4 1minersandcowboysinthewest-110718072616-phpapp02
4 1minersandcowboysinthewest-110718072616-phpapp02
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Vietnam
The document summarizes the history of foreign involvement in Vietnam from the French colonization in the 19th century through the escalating US involvement and anti-war protests of the 1960s-1970s. It traces the rise of Ho Chi Minh and the Viet Minh in fighting for independence from France after World War 2, the US backing of a non-communist South Vietnam, and the growing American military commitment and anti-war movement as hundreds of thousands of US troops were sent to support the South Vietnamese government against the Viet Cong insurgency.
Civil Rights Movement
The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans. Key events and figures included Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 which overturned racial segregation in schools, the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by Martin Luther King Jr., and the March on Washington in 1963 where King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 were passed to further promote racial equality.
Civil Rights Movement
The Civil Rights Movement prior to 1954 saw some progress such as the abolition of slavery after the Civil War and the founding of organizations like the NAACP in 1909. However, the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court decision legalized racial segregation. Through the 1950s, the NAACP challenged segregation in the courts in cases like Brown v. Board of Education in 1954, which ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. However, implementation of desegregation met strong resistance in some southern states, as seen in events like the Little Rock Nine crisis. Non-violent protests grew the movement throughout the late 1950s and early 1960s, culminating in the March on Washington and passage of the Civil
The vietnamwar
The Vietnam War began as a conflict between North and South Vietnam following their division in 1954. The U.S. initially sent advisors and then troops to support South Vietnam against communist North Vietnam and Viet Cong forces. Despite massive U.S. bombing and troop deployments, the Tet Offensive in 1968 showed the war was not going well. Growing domestic opposition led to U.S. withdrawal under Nixon and the fall of South Vietnam to communist forces in 1975. The human and financial costs for the U.S. and Vietnam were immense. The war left deep scars and lessons about the difficulties of asymmetric warfare.
32 Slide Share
The 1920s saw social and economic changes in the United States. The period after WWI was characterized by isolationism, as seen in laws restricting immigration and the Red Scare targeting radicals. Culturally, the decade witnessed the rise of new technologies like automobiles, movies, radio and their impact on American life and values. The booming economy of the decade was fueled by mass consumption and consumer credit, but was unstable due to stock market speculation and an overheated real estate market, setting the stage for the Great Depression.
32 Slide Share
The 1920s saw social and economic changes in the United States. The period after WWI was characterized by isolationism, as seen in laws restricting immigration and the Red Scare targeting radicals. Culturally, the decade witnessed the rise of new technologies like automobiles, radio, and movies. The stock market boom led many to speculate, but the economy was unstable and ultimately collapsed with the 1929 crash. Overall, the Roaring Twenties represented a shift toward greater social liberalism and consumerism.
32 Slide Share
The 1920s saw social and economic changes in the United States. The period after WWI was characterized by isolationism, as seen in laws restricting immigration and the Red Scare targeting radicals. Culturally, the decade witnessed the rise of new technologies like automobiles, radio, and movies. The stock market boom led many to speculate, but the economy was unstable and ultimately collapsed with the 1929 crash. Overall, the Roaring Twenties represented a time of social liberalism, economic growth, and increasing consumerism in America.
32 Slide Share
After World War I and during the 1920s, post-war America experienced paranoia about communism known as the "Red Scare", which led to raids and deportations of suspected radicals. Conservatives also passed laws limiting free speech and criminalizing advocacy of violence. At the same time, the resurgent Ku Klux Klan grew to over 5 million members in the mid-1920s, influencing politics in the Midwest and South. Congress also passed restrictive immigration laws in 1921 and 1924 to stem the flow of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and bar Japanese immigration. Prohibition began in 1919 due to pressure from progressive reformers, but led to a boom in illegal alcohol, organized crime, and corruption as gangs fought for control
Home Front America 2
The federal government took control of the economy to pay for World War 2. It overhauled the tax system, increasing tax brackets for the wealthy to 90% and implementing payroll withholding. Government issued war bonds that raised about 33% of funds and deficit spending raised 25% while taxes contributed 41%. The Office of Price Administration froze wages and prices and rationed goods to fight inflation. Rationing books with stamps were issued to ration meat, dairy and other goods. Women entered the workforce as factories converted to war production. Propaganda used cartoons to manipulate thoughts and support the war effort.
The Road To War
The period from 1928 to 1939 saw several countries take steps aimed at preventing future wars, such as the League of Nations, Kellogg-Briand Pact, and appeasement of Hitler at Munich. However, Germany and Italy grew increasingly aggressive, invading territories like Manchuria, Ethiopia, and Austria in violation of treaties. This led to an unstable peace and the impending threat of a larger war, which is why the time is sometimes called the "phony war."
WW2
1) Germany invaded Poland in 1939 starting WWII. The Allies declared war on Germany but set up defenses instead of attacking. Germany then quickly defeated Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands and France.
2) In 1940, Germany attempted to invade Britain but the Royal Air Force prevailed in the Battle of Britain. Meanwhile, Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941 but underestimated Russian resistance.
3) The US joined the Allies after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. In 1942, the Allies began to push back the Axis powers in North Africa and halted the German advance in the Soviet Union.
APUSH West
The document discusses the mistreatment of Native Americans by the U.S. government in the 19th century, including the forced removal of tribes from their lands, broken treaties, massacres like the Sand Creek Massacre, and the failed reservation system. It also covers the expansion of white settlers into the West and conflicts with Plains Indians, the destruction of the bison herds, and the eventual subjugation of Native Americans onto reservations by the late 1800s.
Baileychap17
1) The document discusses the expansion of the United States in the 1840s under the ideology of Manifest Destiny, which held that American settlers were destined to expand across North America.
2) It outlines the election of James K. Polk in 1844 and his agenda to annex Texas and acquire Oregon and California from Britain and Mexico.
3) Polk provoked a war with Mexico by moving troops into disputed territory along the Rio Grande river, leading to clashes where American blood was shed on American soil, allowing Polk to ask Congress to declare war to seize California and the Southwest from Mexico.
4) The war was very successful militarily for the US, resulting in the acquisition of over 500,000 square miles
New World Beginnings09
This document provides an overview of the early discoveries and explorations of North and South America by European powers beginning in the 15th century. It discusses the major native civilizations in Central and South America, including the Aztecs, Incas, and Mayans. It also summarizes the key Spanish explorers like Vasco Balboa, Ferdinand Magellan, Juan Ponce de Leon, Francisco Coronado, Hernando de Soto, and Francisco Pizarro and how their explorations expanded Spanish control over territory in the Americas. Finally, it asks how Spain reacted to growing French and British presence in the new world and what the "Black Legend" refers to regarding criticisms of Spanish actions in the Americas.
Welcome To History09
This document appears to be a review guide for Mr. Mielke's American History class, containing over 30 questions asking students to identify important people, places, documents, events, and landmarks from American history. The questions cover a wide range of topics related to different wars, presidents, locations, and time periods but do not provide any answers.
Topic Outline
This document outlines the key topics and subtopics covered in an AP US History course. It is divided into 22 major sections that span from the discovery and settlement of North America to the Progressive Era. Each section includes several subsections that delve deeper into the historical events, figures, social and economic developments, and political changes that define that period of American history.
Cowboy Notes
The document appears to be about Joseph McCoy and his contributions to the cattle industry. It mentions Joseph Glidden and an invention related to cattle. The document also discusses cowboy myths versus reality, exploring where false ideas about cowboys originated from.
Sodbusters Notes
Sodbusters, or homesteaders, established homes on the Great Plains with few resources. They built houses from cut bricks of sod due to a lack of trees. They adapted to minimal water by developing irrigation systems and planting drought-resistant crops. Homesteaders burned buffalo chips for fuel since wood was scarce. They improved plows to till the tough prairie soil. Fences were built to protect crops from grazing animals. Controlled burns were used to prevent wildfires from destroying settlements. Homesteaders dealt with insect plagues through experimentation with different planting methods and crops. With few doctors, settlers relied on home remedies and helping their isolated neighbors in medical emergencies.
Sodbusters08
This document briefly mentions two topics: Exodusters and Patent Medicine. Exodusters refers to African Americans who migrated from the Southern United States to Kansas in the late 19th century to escape racial oppression. Patent Medicine appears to be a reference to homemade medical remedies that were popular before strict regulations of drug safety and ingredients.
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Coach Domenico Tedesco has managed a tactical shakeup and a regular exit for some of the oldest players. Experienced bests remain, not least the 37-year-old Jan Vertonghen in defense, the 32-year-old De Bruyne himself in midfield, and 31-year-old Romelu Lukaku up visible.
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There’s a link to the beauty days of Romanian soccer with midfielder Ianis Hagi, son of Gheorghe Hagi, who assisted the team to the rounds of the 1994 World Cup and Euro 2000.
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Germany and Scotland will take things off before we get into overdrive in two weeks. Meanwhile, Belgium will be longing to bounce back after a horrendous 2022 FIFA World Cup movement, which ended in the group stage.
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Cowboys
- 1. Cowboys
- 6. Slow Development Slow and small scale from end of Mexican-American War until Civil War (1861-1865) ends War cuts off market in East Texas Longhorns roamed freely and numbers grew; shot as game animals
- 7. Ex-Confederate soldiers and Ex-slaves sought jobs Demand for meat increased in East as economy took off Cattle ranchers began increasing operations Post Civil War
- 8. Plains Indians U.S. Cavalry set up Forts (Fort Laramie, Fort Buford etc.) in West to protect settlers Threat of Indian attacks was reduced as reservations were established Cattle industry secured huge contracts to supply army with food By 1870 the US Army was buying between 60 and 70,000 head of cattle a year to feed the Indians and its own soldiers
- 9. Joseph McCoy Solved problem of moving the cattle from Texas to cities of the East. Post-Civil War boom in railroad construction connects east and west Starting in 1867 cattle are loaded onto train cars in Abilene, Kansas and shipped back east…soon other towns begin to compete Cattle worth less than $5 in Texas might fetch $30 in Kansas
- 11. Cattle needed to be driven in large numbers from Texas to railheads in Kansas Trails utilized to drive cattle herds to market Large scale operation required several cowboys working ‘round the clock Cowboys, what good are they?
- 12. Answer Questions 8-11 Find out about: How did a trail drive operate?
- 14. What do I do? Trail Boss: Best Paid, Worked for same ranch, scouted for water and trouble, negotiated price Point: Veterans who rode at front and “drove” herd Swing/Flank: Kept herd together, “cut out” sick animals Drag: Kept stragglers moving Wrangler: Controlled Remuda (extra horses) Chuck Wagon: Driven by cook, carried food and supplies
- 15. Answer Questions 12-15 Find out about: What happened in Abilene? Why the “golden age” of cowboys ended?
- 16. Video 4 cowboys
- 17. Joseph Glidden 1874 Invents barbed wire Made fences possible for most homesteaders Was his invention a good thing?
- 19. Busy Performing Rigorous Job
- 20. Rarely Used GunsWhere do these false ideas of cowboys come from?
- 21. 1. ______________________ 2. ______________________ 3. ______________________ 4. ______________________ 5. ______________________ 6. ______________________ 7. ______________________ 8. ______________________ 9. ______________________ 10. ______________________ 11. ______________________ 12. ______________________ 13. ______________________ 14. ______________________ 15. ______________________ 16. ______________________ 17. ______________________ 18. ______________________ Name __________________________________________ Hour ____ 16* 10* 7 3 13* 6 18 11* 14* 2 17 15* 5 9* 1 12* 8 4 Directions: Use the legend below to help identify the locations numbered 1-18. Write your answer on the space provided to the right Number by itself is a state Number with * is a state capital Number in a triangle is a mountain range
- 22. 36. ______________________ 37. ______________________ 38. ______________________ 39. ______________________ 40. ______________________ 41. ______________________ 42. ______________________ 43. ______________________ 44. ______________________ 45. ______________________ 46. ______________________ 47. ______________________ 48. ______________________ 49. ______________________ 50. ______________________ XC1. _____________________ XC2. _____________________ XC3. _____________________ Name __________________________________________ Hour ____ 36 44* 37* XC3 45 49* 40 XC2 42 39* XC1 50 38* 43 46 48 41* Directions: Use the legend below to help identify the locations numbered 36-XC3. Write your answer on the space provided to the right Number by itself is a state Number with * is a state capital 47
- 23. Name __________________________________________ Hour ____ 13* 8 7 5 10 1. ______________________ 2. ______________________ 3. ______________________ 4. ______________________ 5. ______________________ 6. ______________________ 7. ______________________ 8. ______________________ 9. ______________________ 10. ______________________ 11. ______________________ 12. ______________________ 13. ______________________ 14. ______________________ 15. ______________________ 16. ______________________ 17. ______________________ 18. ______________________ 19. ______________________ 20. ______________________ 12* 1 9 16* 17* 19* 18* 14* 20* 2 6 4 15* 3 11*