This document provides an overview of solar electric or photovoltaic (PV) systems. It defines basic PV terminology and discusses how individual solar cells are connected together into modules and arrays. The document outlines key topics around solar industry status, different types of PV systems and applications, and introduces tools for analyzing solar systems. It also includes diagrams illustrating common system components and configurations.
Solar photovoltaic energy principles involve converting sunlight into electricity through photovoltaic cells. The document discusses the history and development of photovoltaic technology from the 1800s to present day. It provides overviews of different photovoltaic cell technologies including crystalline silicon, thin film technologies, and multi-junction cells. Tables and diagrams are presented on topics like currently available cell efficiencies, market shares of cell technologies, area requirements for different module types, and the components that make up photovoltaic systems.
This document summarizes the key components of photovoltaic (PV) solar systems. It describes how solar cells are connected together to form solar panels and solar arrays to generate electricity from sunlight. The three main parts of a PV system are identified as the PV modules/solar arrays, the balance of system components like batteries for energy storage, charge regulators, inverters, and mounting structures, and the electrical load being powered. Three main types of PV systems - stand-alone, grid-connected, and hybrid - are also briefly introduced.
The document analyzes the feasibility and cost-benefit of installing a roof-mounted solar photovoltaic array at a home in Seattle, WA. The home receives good solar exposure and existing energy use is around 4,845 kWh per year. An 8 kW solar system is proposed, which would cost $16,280 upfront but qualify for incentives and tax credits. Over time the system would save money compared to purchasing electricity from the grid as energy costs rise.
Photovoltaic Devices: Life Cycle ConsiderationsGavin Harper
This document summarizes the key life cycle considerations for photovoltaic devices. It discusses how life cycle assessment examines the environmental impacts of products from raw material extraction through manufacture, use, and disposal. For photovoltaics, most impacts occur during production rather than operation. The document also compares the life cycle of silicon photovoltaics between the EU and China, finding that Chinese-made panels have over twice the carbon footprint of European panels and take 30% longer to offset their energy costs. It concludes that considering full life cycle impacts could improve prospects for domestic solar manufacturing.
A rooftop solar power plant has several key electrical, civil/mechanical, and monitoring components. The electrical components include PV modules, a power conditioning unit/inverter, junction boxes, DC and AC cables, and connectors. Civil/mechanical components are module mounting structures, foundations, and cable/equipment mounting structures. Monitoring components include a weather station, SCADA system, energy meter, and other instruments to track performance.
The document discusses solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, including their advantages and disadvantages. It describes the I-V characteristics of solar cells and equivalent circuit. Variations in isolation and temperature affect the PV characteristics. Losses limit conversion efficiency. Maximizing open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and fill factor leads to high performance. Solar cells are classified based on material thickness, junction structure, and active material. PV modules, panels, and arrays are also discussed. Maximum power point tracking using a buck-boost converter can optimize solar PV output. Systems can be centralized, distributed, or hybrid to serve various applications including power generation, water pumping, and lighting.
Electrical and Solar PV Systems (www.solartraining.ca)Irtaza M. Syed
Overview and basics of conventional electric power distribution and solar Photo-voltaic (PV) systems. Generation, Transmission, distribution and utilization. Power flow, anti-islanding and PV systems connection to utility. PV applications and market. (www.solartraining.ca)
Solar photovoltaic energy principles involve converting sunlight into electricity through photovoltaic cells. The document discusses the history and development of photovoltaic technology from the 1800s to present day. It provides overviews of different photovoltaic cell technologies including crystalline silicon, thin film technologies, and multi-junction cells. Tables and diagrams are presented on topics like currently available cell efficiencies, market shares of cell technologies, area requirements for different module types, and the components that make up photovoltaic systems.
This document summarizes the key components of photovoltaic (PV) solar systems. It describes how solar cells are connected together to form solar panels and solar arrays to generate electricity from sunlight. The three main parts of a PV system are identified as the PV modules/solar arrays, the balance of system components like batteries for energy storage, charge regulators, inverters, and mounting structures, and the electrical load being powered. Three main types of PV systems - stand-alone, grid-connected, and hybrid - are also briefly introduced.
The document analyzes the feasibility and cost-benefit of installing a roof-mounted solar photovoltaic array at a home in Seattle, WA. The home receives good solar exposure and existing energy use is around 4,845 kWh per year. An 8 kW solar system is proposed, which would cost $16,280 upfront but qualify for incentives and tax credits. Over time the system would save money compared to purchasing electricity from the grid as energy costs rise.
Photovoltaic Devices: Life Cycle ConsiderationsGavin Harper
This document summarizes the key life cycle considerations for photovoltaic devices. It discusses how life cycle assessment examines the environmental impacts of products from raw material extraction through manufacture, use, and disposal. For photovoltaics, most impacts occur during production rather than operation. The document also compares the life cycle of silicon photovoltaics between the EU and China, finding that Chinese-made panels have over twice the carbon footprint of European panels and take 30% longer to offset their energy costs. It concludes that considering full life cycle impacts could improve prospects for domestic solar manufacturing.
A rooftop solar power plant has several key electrical, civil/mechanical, and monitoring components. The electrical components include PV modules, a power conditioning unit/inverter, junction boxes, DC and AC cables, and connectors. Civil/mechanical components are module mounting structures, foundations, and cable/equipment mounting structures. Monitoring components include a weather station, SCADA system, energy meter, and other instruments to track performance.
The document discusses solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, including their advantages and disadvantages. It describes the I-V characteristics of solar cells and equivalent circuit. Variations in isolation and temperature affect the PV characteristics. Losses limit conversion efficiency. Maximizing open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and fill factor leads to high performance. Solar cells are classified based on material thickness, junction structure, and active material. PV modules, panels, and arrays are also discussed. Maximum power point tracking using a buck-boost converter can optimize solar PV output. Systems can be centralized, distributed, or hybrid to serve various applications including power generation, water pumping, and lighting.
Electrical and Solar PV Systems (www.solartraining.ca)Irtaza M. Syed
Overview and basics of conventional electric power distribution and solar Photo-voltaic (PV) systems. Generation, Transmission, distribution and utilization. Power flow, anti-islanding and PV systems connection to utility. PV applications and market. (www.solartraining.ca)
This document provides an overview of solar photovoltaic power systems. It discusses that solar PV systems convert sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic cells. The document covers different types of solar PV systems including off-grid, grid-tied, and hybrid systems. It also discusses the components of solar PV systems such as solar panels, batteries, charge controllers, and inverters. The document summarizes the advantages of solar PV including being renewable, having no emissions, and having low operating costs.
How Photovoltaic Cells Work, by Garret ErskineGarret Erskine
Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity through semiconductors, typically made of silicon. As light enters the cell, the semiconductor absorbs it and the light energy knocks electrons free. Electrical fields force the freed electrons to move in a specified direction, creating an electrical current. The solar-powered device can then pull this current from the photovoltaic cell through metal contacts. Multiple cells joined together in a solar panel harness the electricity created by the semiconductors responding to sunlight.
Solar cells convert sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. The document discusses various types of solar cells like crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, and gallium arsenide. It also covers the basic components and workings of solar photovoltaic systems including solar panels, batteries, inverters, and their connections to either the electric grid or for off-grid use. Calculations for sizing solar arrays and estimating power outputs are also presented.
solar power systems may be categorized into four primary types. These types of systems may be designed to meet all or part of the user's electrical requirements. Check out the links: http://renewenergy.com.au/
This document discusses principles and methods for sizing photovoltaic (PV) systems. It describes how utility-interactive PV systems are sized based on inverter requirements, with the PV array sized to the inverter's maximum power rating. Stand-alone PV systems must balance energy supply and demand, with the battery and PV array sized to meet the average daily load during the critical design month with lowest sunlight. Proper load analysis and system sizing are important to achieve high system availability from a stand-alone PV system.
The document discusses photovoltaic or solar cells. It defines solar cells as semiconductor devices that convert light into electrical energy. The construction of a basic silicon solar cell is described, involving a p-type and n-type semiconductor material forming a PN junction. When light photons are absorbed by the semiconductor, electrons are energized and emitted, generating an electric current. Multiple solar cells can be connected in series, parallel or series-parallel combinations to increase output voltage and current. Applications of solar cells include solar power generation, heating, lighting, and powering small electronics. Advantages are environmental sustainability and low maintenance costs, while disadvantages include low efficiency and intermittency of solar energy.
engineers are encouraged to take up new initiative under my mentorship to learn new things and do something good for the world.pl do encourage young engineers from colleges and adopt them for better future.
Things solar customers should know when installing solar pv on rooftopEnhar Pty Ltd
It's important for solar customers to know that they should choose a proper site with minimal or no shading while installing a solar PV system on their rooftop. There are many more important things that they should know. To know about them, go through the slide.
Ppt on design of solar photovoltaic generation for residential buildingSiya Agarwal
The document discusses the design of a solar photovoltaic generation system for a residential building. It provides an abstract that outlines key points such as how solar cells convert sunlight to electrical energy and how solar PV modules generate voltage and current. It then discusses estimating the number of PV modules, batteries, inverters, and charge controllers needed for the system based on sample load curves and cost analysis. Comparisons are made to other power generation methods such as thermal, nuclear, biogas, wind, and tidal energy.
PV cells convert sunlight directly into electricity without moving parts. PV systems can be installed on rooftops and other structures. The sun is a nuclear fusion reactor that provides radiation energy, with only a small proportion reaching Earth's surface. Traditional energy sources like gas, oil and coal are finite, while sunlight reaching Earth could meet energy needs with only 0.01% utilization. PV cell performance is affected by factors like temperature, shading, and irradiance level, with output decreasing at higher temperatures. Different cell types have varying efficiencies depending on material used.
This document describes the components and operation of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system. It discusses PV cells, modules, panels and arrays, and how they are connected in series and parallel. It also covers batteries, charge controllers, inverters and different applications of solar PV systems, including solar lanterns, home lighting, and street lighting. The document provides details on the materials used in PV cells, benefits of solar PV systems, and color coding of wires. It concludes that the practical training enhanced the author's technical knowledge of solar PV systems, components, and applications.
This new minute lecture gives an introduction to photovoltaic (PV) systems for residential use, providing an answer to following questions:
* How does a PV system work?
* What can be expected from a PV system?
* What types of systems are available?
* How is technology expected to evolve?
Solar PV Systems (Engineering, wiring & grid connection) - Martin Cotterell (...Farming Futures
Sundog Energy is an installer of solar photovoltaic systems since 1995. They have installed hundreds of systems across the UK on various building types. Their current projects include a 240kWp system at Kings Cross Station and a 50kWp facade system for a Newham Council building. PV systems generally consist of solar panels that convert sunlight to electricity, an inverter to convert DC to AC, and a connection to the building's electrical distribution. Proper siting and components are important for performance. MCS certification provides standards for installers and products but does not guarantee all aspects of safety, experience or system complexity.
The document discusses solar photovoltaics (PV) including the physics of PV generation, different PV technologies like silicon and thin film, emerging technologies, environmental and economic aspects, and the current and future scenarios in India and globally. It explains that while PV is one of the cleanest forms of energy, high initial costs have slowed widespread commercialization but prices have declined significantly over time and further reductions could enable grid parity.
The document is about simulating and designing a solar PV system. It acknowledges the mentor and consultant who provided guidance. It then provides a brief summary of each section in the table of contents, including introducing the components of the PV system like the solar array, mounting, cabling, tracker and inverter. It discusses grid-connected and standalone PV systems and describes software used to assess annual solar production.
The document discusses different types of grid-connected solar PV electricity systems. It describes large scale PV plants that consist of solar panels, inverters, racks and other components that generate electricity fed into the grid. Grid connected projects can be ground mounted or rooftop PV. Ground mounted projects discussed include a 750 MW project in India. Rooftop PV is popular for meeting electricity loads and injecting surplus to the grid for buildings like schools and hospitals. Off-grid stand-alone solar systems are also described, including components like batteries, charge controllers and inverters. Grid-tied systems are explained as the most common, where solar power supplies homes and excess feeds back to the utility grid.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This presentation covers the basics of silicon photovoltaic cells, looking at the photovoltaic effect, the chemical properties of silicon, PN junctions, how photovoltaic cells are constructed, the factors affecting their performance and how they can be tested and evaluated.
Solar energy is the energy emitted by the sun which can be converted to electricity using photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic cells use the photovoltaic effect to convert sunlight into electricity. Multiple photovoltaic cells are connected together in solar panels which can be assembled into larger solar arrays. There are different types of photovoltaic cells including monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin film cells. While solar energy is abundant and renewable, solar panels have disadvantages including high costs, requiring large areas, and difficulties with disposal.
The document discusses the major components of photovoltaic (PV) solar systems, including PV modules, batteries, inverters, and other equipment used to convert sunlight to electricity and integrate the systems. It describes standalone systems that operate independent of the electric grid as well as grid-tied systems that supply power to the utility network. The key components, configurations, and functions of PV arrays, energy storage, power conditioning equipment, and balance-of-system components are identified and explained.
DB Power has been involved in solar energy since 1992, pioneering solar grid interactive power conditioning units. They are an OEM supplier in India with the largest presence and have developed PCUs ranging from 1kW to 30kW. Their product range includes solar charge controllers and bi-directional inverters that allow solar power to charge batteries and feed into the grid. Key installations include over 1200 PCUs installed over the past 5 years in India and other countries under varying conditions.
The document summarizes a presentation on solar energy given to the New Mexico Association of Facilities Managers. It discusses trends in global energy demand and supply, the advantages of solar power technologies like photovoltaics, and provides an overview of Advent Solar, a startup company that established a pilot solar cell production line in New Mexico.
This document provides an overview of solar photovoltaic power systems. It discusses that solar PV systems convert sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic cells. The document covers different types of solar PV systems including off-grid, grid-tied, and hybrid systems. It also discusses the components of solar PV systems such as solar panels, batteries, charge controllers, and inverters. The document summarizes the advantages of solar PV including being renewable, having no emissions, and having low operating costs.
How Photovoltaic Cells Work, by Garret ErskineGarret Erskine
Photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity through semiconductors, typically made of silicon. As light enters the cell, the semiconductor absorbs it and the light energy knocks electrons free. Electrical fields force the freed electrons to move in a specified direction, creating an electrical current. The solar-powered device can then pull this current from the photovoltaic cell through metal contacts. Multiple cells joined together in a solar panel harness the electricity created by the semiconductors responding to sunlight.
Solar cells convert sunlight into electricity through the photovoltaic effect. The document discusses various types of solar cells like crystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, and gallium arsenide. It also covers the basic components and workings of solar photovoltaic systems including solar panels, batteries, inverters, and their connections to either the electric grid or for off-grid use. Calculations for sizing solar arrays and estimating power outputs are also presented.
solar power systems may be categorized into four primary types. These types of systems may be designed to meet all or part of the user's electrical requirements. Check out the links: http://renewenergy.com.au/
This document discusses principles and methods for sizing photovoltaic (PV) systems. It describes how utility-interactive PV systems are sized based on inverter requirements, with the PV array sized to the inverter's maximum power rating. Stand-alone PV systems must balance energy supply and demand, with the battery and PV array sized to meet the average daily load during the critical design month with lowest sunlight. Proper load analysis and system sizing are important to achieve high system availability from a stand-alone PV system.
The document discusses photovoltaic or solar cells. It defines solar cells as semiconductor devices that convert light into electrical energy. The construction of a basic silicon solar cell is described, involving a p-type and n-type semiconductor material forming a PN junction. When light photons are absorbed by the semiconductor, electrons are energized and emitted, generating an electric current. Multiple solar cells can be connected in series, parallel or series-parallel combinations to increase output voltage and current. Applications of solar cells include solar power generation, heating, lighting, and powering small electronics. Advantages are environmental sustainability and low maintenance costs, while disadvantages include low efficiency and intermittency of solar energy.
engineers are encouraged to take up new initiative under my mentorship to learn new things and do something good for the world.pl do encourage young engineers from colleges and adopt them for better future.
Things solar customers should know when installing solar pv on rooftopEnhar Pty Ltd
It's important for solar customers to know that they should choose a proper site with minimal or no shading while installing a solar PV system on their rooftop. There are many more important things that they should know. To know about them, go through the slide.
Ppt on design of solar photovoltaic generation for residential buildingSiya Agarwal
The document discusses the design of a solar photovoltaic generation system for a residential building. It provides an abstract that outlines key points such as how solar cells convert sunlight to electrical energy and how solar PV modules generate voltage and current. It then discusses estimating the number of PV modules, batteries, inverters, and charge controllers needed for the system based on sample load curves and cost analysis. Comparisons are made to other power generation methods such as thermal, nuclear, biogas, wind, and tidal energy.
PV cells convert sunlight directly into electricity without moving parts. PV systems can be installed on rooftops and other structures. The sun is a nuclear fusion reactor that provides radiation energy, with only a small proportion reaching Earth's surface. Traditional energy sources like gas, oil and coal are finite, while sunlight reaching Earth could meet energy needs with only 0.01% utilization. PV cell performance is affected by factors like temperature, shading, and irradiance level, with output decreasing at higher temperatures. Different cell types have varying efficiencies depending on material used.
This document describes the components and operation of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system. It discusses PV cells, modules, panels and arrays, and how they are connected in series and parallel. It also covers batteries, charge controllers, inverters and different applications of solar PV systems, including solar lanterns, home lighting, and street lighting. The document provides details on the materials used in PV cells, benefits of solar PV systems, and color coding of wires. It concludes that the practical training enhanced the author's technical knowledge of solar PV systems, components, and applications.
This new minute lecture gives an introduction to photovoltaic (PV) systems for residential use, providing an answer to following questions:
* How does a PV system work?
* What can be expected from a PV system?
* What types of systems are available?
* How is technology expected to evolve?
Solar PV Systems (Engineering, wiring & grid connection) - Martin Cotterell (...Farming Futures
Sundog Energy is an installer of solar photovoltaic systems since 1995. They have installed hundreds of systems across the UK on various building types. Their current projects include a 240kWp system at Kings Cross Station and a 50kWp facade system for a Newham Council building. PV systems generally consist of solar panels that convert sunlight to electricity, an inverter to convert DC to AC, and a connection to the building's electrical distribution. Proper siting and components are important for performance. MCS certification provides standards for installers and products but does not guarantee all aspects of safety, experience or system complexity.
The document discusses solar photovoltaics (PV) including the physics of PV generation, different PV technologies like silicon and thin film, emerging technologies, environmental and economic aspects, and the current and future scenarios in India and globally. It explains that while PV is one of the cleanest forms of energy, high initial costs have slowed widespread commercialization but prices have declined significantly over time and further reductions could enable grid parity.
The document is about simulating and designing a solar PV system. It acknowledges the mentor and consultant who provided guidance. It then provides a brief summary of each section in the table of contents, including introducing the components of the PV system like the solar array, mounting, cabling, tracker and inverter. It discusses grid-connected and standalone PV systems and describes software used to assess annual solar production.
The document discusses different types of grid-connected solar PV electricity systems. It describes large scale PV plants that consist of solar panels, inverters, racks and other components that generate electricity fed into the grid. Grid connected projects can be ground mounted or rooftop PV. Ground mounted projects discussed include a 750 MW project in India. Rooftop PV is popular for meeting electricity loads and injecting surplus to the grid for buildings like schools and hospitals. Off-grid stand-alone solar systems are also described, including components like batteries, charge controllers and inverters. Grid-tied systems are explained as the most common, where solar power supplies homes and excess feeds back to the utility grid.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This presentation covers the basics of silicon photovoltaic cells, looking at the photovoltaic effect, the chemical properties of silicon, PN junctions, how photovoltaic cells are constructed, the factors affecting their performance and how they can be tested and evaluated.
Solar energy is the energy emitted by the sun which can be converted to electricity using photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic cells use the photovoltaic effect to convert sunlight into electricity. Multiple photovoltaic cells are connected together in solar panels which can be assembled into larger solar arrays. There are different types of photovoltaic cells including monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin film cells. While solar energy is abundant and renewable, solar panels have disadvantages including high costs, requiring large areas, and difficulties with disposal.
The document discusses the major components of photovoltaic (PV) solar systems, including PV modules, batteries, inverters, and other equipment used to convert sunlight to electricity and integrate the systems. It describes standalone systems that operate independent of the electric grid as well as grid-tied systems that supply power to the utility network. The key components, configurations, and functions of PV arrays, energy storage, power conditioning equipment, and balance-of-system components are identified and explained.
DB Power has been involved in solar energy since 1992, pioneering solar grid interactive power conditioning units. They are an OEM supplier in India with the largest presence and have developed PCUs ranging from 1kW to 30kW. Their product range includes solar charge controllers and bi-directional inverters that allow solar power to charge batteries and feed into the grid. Key installations include over 1200 PCUs installed over the past 5 years in India and other countries under varying conditions.
The document summarizes a presentation on solar energy given to the New Mexico Association of Facilities Managers. It discusses trends in global energy demand and supply, the advantages of solar power technologies like photovoltaics, and provides an overview of Advent Solar, a startup company that established a pilot solar cell production line in New Mexico.
Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels made of semiconductor materials. A solar PV panel generates voltage and current when exposed to sunlight, with higher intensity sunlight producing more electricity. The electricity produced is direct current (DC), which requires an inverter to convert it to alternating current (AC) for common uses. Solar PV systems have no moving parts and require little maintenance, but cannot generate power at night or when the sun is obscured by clouds. Proper system sizing requires determining energy needs and available sunlight based on location, direction panels face, shading, and other factors. Larger panels, tracking systems, and concentrating optics can increase energy capture.
Low Cost Utility Solar Farms Using Supersized ModulesSmithers Apex
- Utility solar farm market drivers
- Minimizing solar farm capital costs
- Crystalline silicon supersized module manufacturing
- Solar farm systems cost reduction through the use of supersized modules
- Minimizing utility solar farm LCOE by on-site deployment of supersized modules
Roger Little, Chairman & CEO, SPIRE
Next105 Ases Power Point Presentation Internal FinalNextronex Inc
Nextronex has developed a new distributed solar inverter and wiring system that improves on traditional centralized designs. Their system uses low profile inverters placed throughout the solar array, connected by an integrated DC bus and zone boxes, to minimize voltage drops and copper use. This distributed architecture provides improved efficiency, fault tolerance, monitoring and maintenance capabilities compared to conventional large central inverters. Nextronex has also developed smart switching and control algorithms to optimize inverter-level efficiencies and response to changing conditions.
- Nextronex has developed a new utility-scale solar inverter and DC collection system that aims to improve efficiency and reduce losses compared to traditional systems.
- Their system received UL certification in 2010 and has been installed at several sites totaling over 6 MW. It uses distributed inverters, a smart controller, and other components to minimize losses from wiring and improve performance.
- Nextronex claims their system can improve overall efficiency by 5-8% or up to 20% compared to traditional designs by reducing DC losses, improving inverter efficiency, and allowing for energy harvesting under low light conditions.
The document provides details of a proposed solar photovoltaic project for a home in Seattle, WA. It includes an assessment of the home, proposed upgrades to increase energy efficiency, an analysis of the home's solar potential, and a proposed solar system design. The system would include 8 solar panels, an inverter, batteries, and other components for a total cost of $16,280. The system is estimated to generate 1.48 kW of power, offsetting the home's electricity usage and allowing it to sell excess power back to the utility grid. Additional paperwork and permitting would be required to comply with local regulations.
The document discusses India's National Solar Mission which aims to promote solar energy and address India's energy security challenges. The key points are:
- The National Solar Mission was launched in 2010 and has targets for increasing solar thermal collectors, off-grid applications, and grid-connected solar power by 2022.
- It supports various business models for delivering off-grid solar applications to rural areas.
- The mission aims to deploy solar technologies like photovoltaic cells, inverters, batteries and develop standards for components to increase solar power generation and utilization across India.
The document discusses India's National Solar Mission, which aims to promote ecologically sustainable growth and address India's energy security challenges through increasing solar power generation. The mission has specific targets for increasing solar thermal collectors, off-grid applications, and grid-connected solar power over three phases from 2010-2022. It also discusses the technologies involved like solar photovoltaic cells, modules, inverters, and the factors that make India well-suited for solar power development like the high number of sunny days per year.
This document provides an overview of electrical metering and monitoring systems. It discusses the importance of metering, what meters measure (energy usage, power demand, power quality issues), and where to install meters (incoming utility service, load equipment, alternative energy sources). It also provides examples of metering solutions, products, and how to understand the data collected by meters. The key information is that meters measure energy usage and power demand, help optimize energy usage, and provide data to understand electrical loads and power quality issues.
This document discusses stand-alone photovoltaic (solar electric) systems that are independent from any power grid. It describes the key components of stand-alone systems including solar modules to convert sunlight to electricity, batteries to store energy, inverters to convert DC to AC current, and provides guidance on properly sizing, installing and maintaining these systems for off-grid use. Stand-alone systems generate and store solar power to provide electricity day and night without connection to the existing utility grid.
The document discusses balance of system (BOS) components for solar photovoltaic systems. It describes iPLON GmbH, a German company that provides BOS products and services including inverters, mounting structures, cables, connectors and performance monitoring systems. It explains key BOS components like inverters, which convert DC to AC power, and mounting structures that support solar modules. String inverters and central inverters are compared. Technical data for sample inverters and considerations for installation are also summarized.
PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY THE ULTIMATE GREEN POWER DESTINYArifFaisal13
A photovoltaic (PV) system converts sunlight into electricity using solar panels. It consists of solar panels, solar inverters, and mounting and electrical accessories. There are different types of PV systems based on whether they are connected to the grid or standalone, and where the panels are installed. The main solar panel technologies are crystalline silicon and thin-film. An example calculates the area, number of panels, and costs for a 1 megawatt solar farm project. Large future solar projects are planned around the world, such as Saudi Arabia's 200 gigawatt project costing $200 billion.
The document discusses India's Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission and solar photovoltaics. It aims to promote solar energy to address India's energy security and contribute to climate change efforts. Solar PV systems can generate electricity anywhere and be scaled from small devices to power plants. The document outlines the components of solar PV systems including panels, inverters, charge controllers and standards. It also discusses solar resources and potential in India.
This document discusses an intelligent home energy management system for an Indian residential home using a hybrid solar (PV)-grid/diesel generator (DG) power system controlled by a fuzzy adaptive control model. The system is designed to meet the daily energy demand of 60-70 kWh through optimal power sharing between the PV, grid, and DG sources. Simulation results show the fuzzy control strategy reduces grid/DG usage and results in average electricity cost savings of 50% per day through intelligent battery and load energy management.
This document discusses control and operation of grid-connected photovoltaic systems. It covers microgrid configurations including DC-coupled, AC-coupled, and hybrid-coupled systems. It also discusses power conditioning units like inverters, and their topologies such as centralized, string, and multi-string inverters. Finally, it summarizes standards and regulations for connecting photovoltaic systems to the electric grid, including IEEE 1547a and guidelines from the Central Electricity Authority of India.
The document provides information about solar electricity basics and hands-on regional conferences presented by the EWB-USA Energy Standing Content Committee. It summarizes common solar applications like lighting, water pumping, and household electricity supply. It then discusses the solar resource, components like modules, batteries, and inverters. Best practices and additional resources from the ESCC are also mentioned, including guidelines, a blog, and options for consultation. The overall purpose is to educate about basic solar photovoltaic system design and applications.
This document describes a system for generating electricity from footstep power. It consists of a piezoelectric sensor that converts force from footsteps into electrical energy, which is then regulated and stored in a battery. An inverter is used to convert the DC power from the battery to AC power that can run loads. The system has applications in powering small devices for agriculture, homes, street lighting, or as a backup power source in rural areas or during outages.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdfTosin Akinosho
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Project Management Semester Long Project - Acuityjpupo2018
Acuity is an innovative learning app designed to transform the way you engage with knowledge. Powered by AI technology, Acuity takes complex topics and distills them into concise, interactive summaries that are easy to read & understand. Whether you're exploring the depths of quantum mechanics or seeking insight into historical events, Acuity provides the key information you need without the burden of lengthy texts.
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptxSitimaJohn
Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
2. Photovoltaics (PV)
or Solar Electric
• Direct conversion of sunlight into dc electricity.
• Solid-state electronics, no-moving parts.
• High reliability, warranties of 20 years or more.
• PV modules are series- and parallel-
interconnected to meet the voltage and current
requirements.
• Energy storage (battery) is needed for nighttime
operation.
3. Basic Electricity Terms
• Ampere (Amp, A) – Basic unit of electric current, like
the flow of water in a pipe.
• Volt (V) – Basic unit of electric voltage (potential),
like the pressure of water in a pipe.
• Watt (W) – Basic unit of electric power.
1 Volt X 1 Amp = 1 Watt
• Watt-Hour – Basic unit of electric energy.
1 Watt for 1 hour = 1 Watt-hour (Wh)
100 Watts for 10 hours = 1 kiloWatt-hour (kWh)
4. Outline
• Solar Industry Status
• Solar Electric – Systems View
• Solar PV Technology
• Stand-alone Off-grid Applications
• Grid-connected Applications
• Intro to Hybrid Systems
• Solar System Analysis Tools
5. Outline
• Solar Industry Status
• Solar Electric – Systems View
• Solar PV Technology
• Stand-alone Off-grid Applications
• Grid-connected Applications
• Intro to Hybrid Systems
• Solar System Analysis Tools
6.
7. A typical solar cell (10cm x 10cm)
generates about 1W at about 0.5V.
8. Individual cells are connected in
series (increases the voltage) and in
parallel (increases the current)
into a module.
9. World PV Cell/Module Production (MW)
1194.7
1200
Rest of world
1000
Europe
Japan
800 744.1
U.S.
600 561.8
Average annual growth
rate of 43% over last 5 390.5
400
years; 57% in 2004 287.7
201.3
200 154.9
125.8
77.6 88.6
40.2 46.5 55.4 57.9 60.1 69.4
0
1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Source: Paul Maycock, PV News, February 2005
026587210
10.
11. PV Markets
Government Other
Utility
Industrial • Most Cost Effective:
Transportation – Small Loads
• Emergency Call
Commercial
Boxes
Residential • Irrigation
Controls
Other • Sign lighting
Health – Avoided Line
Grid Interactive Extensions ($20k to
Cells/Modules
$100k/mile)
To OEM
• Water Pumping
Water Pumping • Residential
– Remote Diesel
Remote Generators ($0.19
Transportation
to $1.68/kWh)
Consumer Communications
Goods
2001 EIA data
12. Outline
• Solar Industry Status
• Solar Electric – Systems View
• Solar PV Technology
• Stand-alone Off-grid Applications
• Grid-connected Applications
• Intro to Hybrid Systems
• Solar System Analysis Tools
13. Simple Direct Drive PV System
What determines the system design?
The amount of sun?
The size of the solar array?
The characteristics of the pump?
Evaporation from the tank?
The cow?
14. Simple Direct Drive PV System
Where do you start in a system design?
With the Load
Evaporation from the tank
And the cow.
15. Simple Direct Drive PV System
Simplified Design Process
The sun & weather
determine the
energy available
The Load determines
the size of the pump
(power & flow)
The solar array is sized to
deliver the needed energy
in the time available.
16. Simple Direct Drive PV System
What is the PV array size?
1000 W/m2 for 6 hours
1200 gal/day
= 200 gal/hour
6 hours/day
1200 gal/day
10% array efficiency
= 100W/m2
200 gal/hr, from
50ft, for 100W
17. Load Determination 1st Step in
Dedicated System Design
• Identify all energy • Use maximum power to
needs, then diversify size wire, switchgear, &
• Chose high efficiency inverter
appliances • Use energy
• Add up all power and requirements and
calculate energy environment to size
needed per day batteries
• Determine what loads • Use distances &
are right for Solar specific appliances to
• Chose structures and determine phase &
enclosures voltage
18. Design Basics
• dc motors make simplest systems; PV
modules heart of the system.
• Non-grid remote systems like lights,
communications, etc. require energy storage
(batteries); batteries are the heart of the
system.
• Complex loads like remote homes may
require other generators and inverter; inverter
is the heart of the system.
• All designs start with the electrical (load)
requirements.
19. Design Basics
• Total daily (use cycle) energy must be known
or best estimate in kWh/cycle.
• Largest power level must be known to
determine wire size, safety gear, inverter
specifications, etc.
• Required system availability must be
established.
• Site specific resources must be
determined.......resource maps and the like
are not usable for design.
20. Design Procedure
• Determine loads—both kWh and ac or
dc kW
• Determine energy storage requirements
• Set System availability
• Size PV and other generation to meet
load directly or charge the energy
storage subsystem
• Chose voltage, wiring, inverter, controls
to match ampacity (Max current plus)
21. Outline
• Solar Industry Status
• Solar Electric – Systems View
• Solar PV Technology
• Stand-alone Off-grid Applications
• Grid-connected Applications
• Intro to Hybrid Systems
• Solar System Analysis Tools
22. The Photovoltaic Effect
Phosphorous: 5 valence
electrons
P
Silicon: 4 valence
electrons P-N
Si Junction
Boron: 3 valence
electrons
B
No material is consumed and the process could continue indefinitely
36. Modules are connected in series and
parallel to achieve the voltage and current
needed for the system
37. Collector Technology Considerations
• Flat plate, single crystal and
polycrystalline Si most common and
high acceptance
• Higher efficiencies usually mean less
cost for wiring and structure
• Tracking can provide more power and
energy in less space but fixed costs
must be compared
• Long term performance essential.
38. Outline
• Solar Industry Status
• Solar Electric – Systems View
• Solar PV Technology
• Stand-alone Off-grid Applications
• Grid-connected Applications
• Intro to Hybrid Systems
• Solar System Analysis Tools
41. Rural Electrification: Classics
Historically, the primary means of
providing power have been through grid
extension and diesel generators.
– Grid Extension: Very high initial cost, poor cost
recovery, time intensive (generation, transmission,
distribution) and usually must be subsidized. Most
often used.
– Diesel Generators: Inexpensive installation but
expensive to operate, environmental
damage/pollution, and subject to volatile fuel costs
and availability.
42. Solar Water Pumping
Ute Mt. Ute Tribe , CO
Inadequate Wind & High
Maintenance Costs
47. Energy Storage
• Deep cycle storage batteries are common
• Batteries require a temperature moderated
enclosure and maintenance
• Storage size tied to electrical usage
• Technical issues are temperature,
temperature, and temperature-I’ll explain
• Most systems with batteries use a charge
control device
48. Just like solar cells, batteries are connected in series
and parallel to achieve the storage requirements
53. DC PV System Example:
PJKK Federal Building, HI
• 2 solar panels per
lamp with peak
output of 96 watts
• 39 Watt fluorescent
lamps, 2500 lumens
• 90 amp-hour battery
powers 12 hours per
night
• ~$2500 per light
61. AC System Controls
• Inverters convert dc to ac
• Inverters require an enclosure and may
be placed with switchgear and
controllers
• Inverters are matched to system voltage
and maximum aggregate load
• System controls represent the least
reliable components in a PV system
62. System Efficiency
Efficiency = power out / power in
Battery 80%
Array 10% Round-trip Inverter 90%
Efficiency Efficiency Efficiency
100 Watts from sun > 10 Watts >8 Watts > 7.2 AC Watts to load
Overall system efficiency is product of component efficiencies.
Example 0.10*0.80*0.90=0.072
...exacerbated by “mismatch” losses, typical system efficiency = 0.06
63.
64. Outline
• Solar Industry Status
• Solar Electric – Systems View
• Solar PV Technology
• Stand-alone Off-grid Applications
• Grid-connected Applications
• Intro to Hybrid Systems
• Solar System Analysis Tools
69. Utility-Connected PV Example:
Presidio Thoreau Center
• Building-Integrated
Photovoltaics
• 1.25 kW PV Array
• Spacing between
cells admits daylight
into entry atrium
below
70. Outline
• Solar Industry Status
• Solar Electric – Systems View
• Solar PV Technology
• Stand-alone Off-grid Applications
• Grid-connected Applications
• Intro to Hybrid Systems
• Solar System Analysis Tools
72. Hybrid Power System Examples:
“Communications”
Carol Spring Mtn., AZ Mt. Home AFB, ID
Test Ban Treaty Monitoring,
Antarctica McMurdo Station, Antarctica
73. Village Power Hybrids
Simulation Models for Options Analysis
Wind
PV
Inverter
Diesel losses
Fuel Cell
Rectifier
Bio-Power
DC Bus
AC Bus
Wind
losses
µ-Hydro µ-Turbines
losses
Dump Battery
Load Load Bank
losses
Rate Structure
74. Outline
• Solar Industry Status
• Solar Electric – Systems View
• Solar PV Technology
• Stand-alone Off-grid Applications
• Grid-connected Applications
• Intro to Hybrid Systems
• Solar System Analysis Tools
75. PV Design Tools
System Sizing Available Software
System Configuration – PVSYST
On grid vs. Off grid
– PV DESIGN PRO
Est. Power Output
Building Simulations
– WATSUN PV
Shading – PV CAD
Temperature & Thermal – PV FORM
Performance
– BLCC
Economic Analysis
Avoided Emissions
– HOMER
Building Energy Load Analysis – ENERGY-10
Meteorological Data – AWNSHADE
Library of Modules, Batteries
& Inverters
76. PV Design Tools
• PV Watts
http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/codes_algs/PVWATTS/
– Google: PVWATTS
• RETScreen – PV
– Google: RETScreen
• HOMER Distributed System Hybrid Optimization
Model
– www.nrel.gov/homer