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Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Bio Diversity
This document discusses renewable energy and biodiversity. It provides an overview of EfficientCarbon, a company that offers carbon management, sustainability strategy, and solar energy advisory services. It then discusses India's energy scenario and the contributions of different energy types. It outlines various renewable energy sources like hydroelectric, geothermal, wind, and solar power. It describes how these technologies work and provides assessments of their advantages and disadvantages. Examples of renewable energy projects and companies around the world are also mentioned. The document concludes by discussing the importance of energy efficiency and simple individual actions people can take to help address sustainability issues.
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Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Bio Diversity
- 1. Renewable Energy & BioDiversity Harsha Yadav, Co-Founder, EfficientCarbon harsha@efficientcarbon.com www.efficientcarbon.com
- 2. About EfficientCarbon • Company offering services in: – Carbon Management Advisory – Sustainability Strategy Development and Reporting – Solar and Renewable Energy Market Advisory • Experience in working with Large and SME clients in Cement, Leather, Steel and Auto Industries . • Engineers and management graduates from institutions like IIT-R, BITS-Pilani, and IFMR with work experience in companies like Godrej, Infosys, Titan Industries and Deloitte Management Consulting. • Supported by certified experts in this domain with an average experience of 23 years in the areas of Sustainability, Water Management, Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy and Bio Diversity.
- 3. Energy Scenario inIndia
- 4. % Contribution ofEach Energy Type
- 5. Effects of Coalon Bio-Diversity - Mining
- 10. But can wereplace Coal completely? Possible, but not yet!
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- 13. How does aHydel Plant Work?
- 14. Mini-Hydel/ Small HydroProjects
- 15. Hydel Power • Advantages – Clean and Renewable – Availability is not a constraint – Long Lasting • Disadvantages – Huge Initial Investments required – Potential threat to biodiversity due to reservoir in the catchment area. – Displacements of communities in case of large projects
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- 17. How Geothermal Energyis Harnessed
- 18. Assessment • Advantages – Lifetime availability of heat from the Earth – Relatively simple process and easy to set-up • Disadvantages – Cannot be set up at all the places as compared to Solar / Wind or Biomass • In India, only areas near Himalayas are rich sources of Geothermal energy.
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- 22. Assessment • Advantages – Clean, easily available – Cost effective on a large scale • Disadvantages – Availability of Wind power on all days – Efficiency of the turbine and distribution
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- 24. Solar Technologies There aretwo ways of using Solar Energy for different applications Energy Source Technology Selective Applications
- 25. Industry is pursuinga host of promising technologies in Photovoltaics... Concentrated Thin Films Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Market Material Structure Ground Roof Amorphous CdTE/ Mono- Multi- Organic Mounted Mounted Silicon CIGS Crystalline Crystalline Setting up a solar PV manufacturing unit can cost around Rs 90 crores for a 5MW capacity but the figure can vary depending on govt subsidies, locations, suppliers, etc.,
- 26. The Science behindPhoto-voltaic Cell Cross-section of a Solar Cell
- 27. ...and in ConcentratedSolar Power (CSP) Trough Tower Linear Dishes Fresnel
- 28. Applications Utility Commerci Residentia al Manufacture of Photovoltaics and CSP Equipment Manufacture of Photovoltaics and CSP Equipment l Project Execution in MW Project Execution in MW Rooftop Solar Grid Rooftop Solar Grid Utility Scale Power Plants Utility Scale Power Plants scale Connected PV scale Connected PV EPC services for Solar Power EPC services for Solar Power Rooftop Solar Grid Rooftop Solar Grid Retail applications –– Retail applications Plants Plants Connected PV Connected PV lighting, heating, cooking lighting, heating, cooking Solar for lighting - - Solar for lighting Off grid applications for Off grid applications for streetlights streetlights rural areas rural areas Captive Solar for specific Captive Solar for specific Public and Home lighting –– Public and Home lighting applications –– drying, cooking applications drying, cooking rural & urban rural & urban Trading of Solar equipment – imported or Indian Trading of Solar equipment – imported or Indian Manufacture/Trading of Anciliary equipment – Balance of systems, trackers, etc., Manufacture/Trading of Anciliary equipment – Balance of systems, trackers, etc.,
- 29. Solar performance assessment Advantages Disadvantages • Freely available and can last for a long long time • Clean energy from the sun – Zero Carbon • Can reach places where grid No More electricity does not reach • Low Maintenance • Rugged and durable • Low recurring costs • Rebates and subsidies from the govt. • Nil Transmission losses
- 30. China Announces Solar energy covers 2.8% Spain’s Massive Solar Projects electricity demand What is the world up to? ‘Solar City’ coming up at Kadiri - AP 20 GW of solar power by 2022 - India Germany meets 1.2% of electricity demand through Solar energy
- 31. SELCO – Dr.Harish Hande • Magsaysay Award winner for 2011 • 17 years in operation • Installed solar lighting systems in over 120,000 households in the rural areas of these states • Operates on three principles: – The poor can afford sustainable technologies – The poor can maintain sustainable technologies – One can run a commercially viable venture serving the needs of the poor.
- 32. Pay as yougo model – Simpa Networks • The typical payback period is three to five years. • At that point, the system is unlocked and the consumer uses the electricity as produced for the expected 10-year lifetime of the product. • The system includes a microcontroller and user interface that uses cloud-based software that ensures that power goes to the home only when it is prepaid.
- 33. Solar Power RescuesDuring Hurricane Sandy
- 34. BioMass / WasteTo Energy www.efficientcarbon.com Phone: +91 9000345588 gogreen@efficientcarbon.com © efficientcarbon, All rights reserved
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- 36. Waste To EnergyProcess
- 37. Waste To EnergyProcess
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- 39. Husk Power Systems- Bihar
- 40. Assessment • Advantages – Low Risk – Raw Material always available – Reduces waste and reuses it for electricity generation – double the advantage • Disadvantage – Educating people on segregation difficult – Technology efficiencies still evolving
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- 43. Areas of importance •Industries – Waste heat recovery in factories for reuse – Energy auditing and efficiency programs • Domestic/Commercial – Energy efficient lighting – Ex: CFLs, LED lights – Air conditioners, refrigerators So far so good. What next? So far so good. What next? • Is there a system in place to rate products as energy efficient? • What and how can we do our bit?
- 44. The Basics Light EmittingDiode: A semiconductor device that emits light when electricity is applied to it.
- 45. Be Bulb Smart- Use CFL/LEDs What’s the Compact Incandescent difference? Fluorescent 250 kgs of coal •700 kgs. CO2 pollution avoided •Rs. 1500 saved
- 47. What can youdo to help solve the problem?
- 48. Simple Things ToDo Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not using it. Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy. Use Natural Lighting/Heating/Cooling wherever required Turn off the lights when you leave a room. Use CFL or LED bulbs.
- 49. Simple Things ToDo Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on your AC and maintain your appliances. Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car. Plant a tree. Recycle.
- 50. "Sustainability is notonly absolutely necessary considering the situation our planet is in, we as companies are also overdue to take responsibility. We can't wait for governments. Companies have to lead the way… - Jochen Zeitz, CEO, Puma Corp. Thank You
Editor's Notes
- #45 LED - A pn junction semiconductor device that emits incoherent optical radiation when forward biased. The optical emission may be in the ultraviolet, visible, or infrared wavelength regions. Gold wire bond Definition: A light-emitting diode , usually called an LED (/ɛl.iː.ˈdiː/)[1], is a semiconductor diode that emits incoherent narrow-spectrum light when electrically biased in the forward direction of the p-n junction, as in the common LED circuit. Definition: A light-emitting diode , usually called an LED (/ɛl.iː.ˈdiː/)[1], is a semiconductor diode that emits incoherent narrow-spectrum light when electrically biased in the forward direction of the p-n junction, as in the common LED circuit. Like a normal diode, the LED consists of a chip of semiconducting material impregnated, or doped , with impurities to create a p-n junction . As in other diodes, current flows easily from the p-side, or anode, to the n-side, or cathode, but not in the reverse direction. Charge-carriers—electrons and holes—flow into the junction from electrodes with different voltages. When an electron meets a hole, it falls into a lower energy level, and releases energy in the form of a photon. The wavelength of the light emitted, and therefore its color, depends on the band gap energy of the materials forming the p-n junction . In silicon or germanium diodes, the electrons and holes recombine by a non-radiative transition which produces no optical emission, because these are indirect band gap materials. The materials used for the LED have a direct band gap with energies corresponding to near-infrared, visible or near-ultraviolet light. LED development began with infrared and red devices made with gallium arsenide. Advances in materials science have made possible the production of devices with ever-shorter wavelengths, producing light in a variety of colors.