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A 32-year-old male presented with swelling on the left side of his face for 3 months. Clinical examination revealed a 4x4 cm hard mass in the middle and lower third of the left side of his face. Biopsy of the excised mass showed features consistent with chondroblastic variant of osteosarcoma. The final diagnosis was chondroblastic osteosarcoma arising in an ossifying fibroma site in the maxilla.
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A 50-year-old female presented with a lump in her left breast that was progressively increasing in size over 8 months. Ultrasound and biopsy revealed a borderline phylloids tumor. She later returned with new lumps and ulceration at the surgical site. A mastectomy found recurrent phylloids tumor with heterologous osteosarcomatous differentiation, a rare and aggressive finding. Differential diagnoses included metaplastic carcinoma or primary osteosarcoma. Wide excision is the standard treatment but prognosis is poor due to high risk of recurrence and metastasis.
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CASE REPORT ON RHABDOMYOSARCOMA AT DHAKA DENTAL COLLEGE AN HOSPITAL
Rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive and highly malignant form of cancer that develops from skeletal muscle cells that have failed to fully differentiate. It is generally considered to be a disease of childhood, as the vast majority of cases occur in those below the age of 18,with an annual incidence of 4.5 cases per 1 million children, making it the third most prevalent extracranial solid tumor of childhood after neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor.
The first line of treatment for rhabdomyosarcoma typically lasts between five and 12 months. We tailor our treatments to child’s risk group and type of disease. In general, patients in the low-risk group need less therapy than those in the high-risk group, and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma may need more-intensive therapy than embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
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Dhaka Dental College and Hospital
Mirpur-14, Dhaka
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Rhabdomyosarcoma is an aggressive and highly malignant form of cancer that develops from skeletal muscle cells that have failed to fully differentiate. It is generally considered to be a disease of childhood, as the vast majority of cases occur in those below the age of 18,with an annual incidence of 4.5 cases per 1 million children, making it the third most prevalent extracranial solid tumor of childhood after neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor.
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Rhabdomyosarcoma treatment usually includes chemotherapy to shrink the tumor and prevent new tumors from forming. Radiation therapy usually begins several months after chemotherapy starts. It’s another effective way of shrinking the tumor. A few patients have surgery after chemotherapy to take out the entire tumor.
Often we do a PET scan after chemotherapy and radiation to see how the tumor responded to the treatments. Study shows that this practice can help predict the chance that the rhabdomyosarcoma will be permanently controlled by chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
We present a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of anterior mandible of a 11 months old child, with occasional bleeding for 45 days. Incisional biopsy and histopathology revealed it was a case of small round cell tumor with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The pathological tissue was excised from the ant. mandible, the wound site was healing with good facial aesthetics.
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Although a large number of fibrous over-growths are found inside the oral cavity, most of these are reactive lesions occurring as a result of trauma or local irritation and therefore true fibromas are extremely rare.
Jain G et al (2017) stated that traumatic irritants include calculi, foreign bodies, overhanging margins, restorations, margins of caries, chronic biting, sharp spicules of bones, and overextended borders of appliances. Fibroma, a benign neoplasm of fibroblastic origin, is reactive in nature and represents a reactive hyperplasia of fibrous connective tissue in response to local irritation or trauma rather than being a true neoplasm.
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A 60-year-old female presented with swelling in both sides of her neck for 30 days. Examination revealed enlarged lymph nodes. Biopsy of a nasopharyngeal mass showed features of undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma with sheets of tumor cells. Staging identified metastases to cervical lymph nodes. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is most common in Southeast Asia and Africa, associated with genetic and environmental factors like Epstein-Barr virus. Prognosis depends on staging, with younger patients and non-keratinizing types having better responses to treatment combining radiation and chemotherapy.
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1. The PPT can be freely downloaded, edited, and modified. Blank slides are included to facilitate active learning sessions where students provide information before each topic slide.
2. The presentation follows an introduction to aneurysms with sections on types, shapes, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, specific aneurysm types like abdominal aortic aneurysms, and treatments.
3. Links are provided to access the PPT online or on mobile for self-study purposes. The presentation is meant to spark discussion through a question-and-answer format between blank and content slides.
Pyogenic granuloma
Histologically, the lesion shows a highly vascular proliferation that resembles granulation tissue.
Numerous small and larger endothelium-lined channels are formed that are engorged with red blood cells. These vessels sometimes are organized in lobular aggregates, and may be called as lobular capillary haemangioma.
The surface is usually ulcerated and replaced by a thick fibrinopurulent membrane.
A mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate of neutrophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes is evident.
Neutrophils are most prevalent near the ulcerated surface; chronic inflammatory cells are found deeper in the specimen.
COS.pptx
A 32-year-old male presented with swelling on the left side of his face for 3 months. Clinical examination revealed a 4x4 cm hard mass in the middle and lower third of the left side of his face. Biopsy of the excised mass showed features consistent with chondroblastic variant of osteosarcoma. The final diagnosis was chondroblastic osteosarcoma arising in an ossifying fibroma site in the maxilla.
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2. The presentation follows an introduction to aneurysms with sections on types, shapes, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, specific aneurysm types like abdominal aortic aneurysms, and treatments.
3. Links are provided to access the PPT online or on mobile for self-study purposes. The presentation is meant to spark discussion through a question-and-answer format between blank and content slides.
Pyogenic granuloma
Histologically, the lesion shows a highly vascular proliferation that resembles granulation tissue.
Numerous small and larger endothelium-lined channels are formed that are engorged with red blood cells. These vessels sometimes are organized in lobular aggregates, and may be called as lobular capillary haemangioma.
The surface is usually ulcerated and replaced by a thick fibrinopurulent membrane.
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This document provides a classification and description of spindle cell tumors that can occur in the oral cavity. It begins with an introduction and then discusses the classification of these lesions based on their tissue of origin, such as muscle, nerve, fat, etc. For each tissue of origin, it describes specific lesions including both benign and malignant examples. It provides details on the histopathological features, immunohistochemistry, and differential diagnosis for lesions such as leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyoma, neurilemmoma and others. The document aims to comprehensively cover the variety of spindle cell lesions that can present in the oral cavity.
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This document discusses cleft lip, including its embryology, classification, anatomy, and surgical techniques for repair. Cleft lip is a common birth defect resulting from failed fusion of the maxillary and medial nasal prominences. It can be unilateral or bilateral. Surgical repair is typically done at 3 months of age to reconstitute the orbicularis oris muscle and medialize the alar base. Presurgical techniques like taping or nasoalveolar molding may be used to narrow the cleft. The goal of repair is tensionless closure of the lip to restore normal anatomy and function.
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The document provides an overview of spindle cell tumors, including their various origins, classification, clinical features, histopathology, and treatments. It describes different types of spindle cell lesions such as neural tumors, myofibroblastic tumors, smooth muscle tumors, and fibroblastic tumors. Classification is based on appearances and architectural patterns, with lesions categorized as monomorphic, pleomorphic, biphasic, or myxoid.
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Gastrointestinal Infections
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- 2. CHIEF COMPLAINT A 32-year-old male pt – swelling – left side – 3 months H/O volume increase in the middle and lower third of left side face – since 3 months No systemic diseases. vital signs - adequate for his age. No paresthesia, episodes of infections.
- 3. CLINICAL FINDINGS Noticeable increase in volume Middle and lower third of the left side of the face 4*4 cm in size Facial asymmetry Hard consistency on palpation.
- 4. Volume increase Reddish lining mucosa with ulcerated areas Bleeding on touch, in the left posterior mandibular region
- 6. PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS • Osteosarcoma • Osteomyelitis
- 7. CLINICAL DD MFH Fibrosarcoma Ewing’s sarcoma Lymphoma Chondrosarcoma Giant cell tumor of bone Metastasis Langerhans cell histiocytosis Fibrous dysplasia ABC
- 8. GROSS EXAMINATION • Excised biopsy specimen -lobulated mass - 9x7 cm - firm in consistency - reddish pink in colour. • The cut surface - grayish white in colour - glistening appearance.
- 20. FINAL DIAGNOSIS • Chondroblastic variant of Osteosarcoma
- 21. HISTO DD • Chondroma • Chondroblastoma • Chondrosarcoma • HG sarcoma NOS • Metaplastic carcinoma from breast • Pleomorphic sarcoma with chondroid variant
- 22. DISCUSSION • Chondroblastic osteosarcoma in an ossifying fibroma site in maxilla. • Dodd et al noted a sensitivity of 65% for a conclusive diagnosis of osteosarcoma using FNA as the sole pathologic diagnostic technique. • New treatment modalities - expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) - may promote tumour angiogenesis in OS of the jaw and may present an important target in anti-tumour therapy. • Fluoride level in the neoplastic tissue of Osteosarcomas and the osteoblastic variants of this malignant tumor are significantly higher - from regions where the fluoride level in drinking water is higher than - recommended by WHO , fluoride ions has a mitogenic effect on malignant osteoblasts.
Editor's Notes
- in a panoramic reconstruction, the presence of a mixed image with poorly defined limits, located in the posterior mandible area, on the left side. Furthermore, partial resorption of the distal root of tooth 37 was observed. In coronal sections, it was possible to observe perforation of buccal and lingual cortical plate and osteophytic reaction. In the axial sections, change was observed in the density of the trabecular bone, which was hyperdense. Therefore, the clinical and imaging examination were osteosarcoma and osteomyelitis.