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Corrosivee poisons in forensic medicine cases.pptx
- 2. • Title: Understanding Corrosive Poisons: A Lethal Menace Unveiled • Slide 1: Introduction • Welcome and Overview • Definition: Corrosive poisons are substances that cause severe damage upon contact with living tissues, often leading to necrosis or cell death. • Examples: Strong acids (e.g., sulfuric acid), alkaline substances (e.g., lye), and certain chemical compounds. • Slide 2: Classification of Corrosive Poisons • Acids vs. Bases • Acids: Donate protons (H+ ions), causing coagulative necrosis. • Bases: Accept protons, leading to liquefactive necrosis. • Slide 3: Mechanism of Action • Direct Cellular Damage • Disruption of cell membranes • Protein denaturation • DNA damage
- 3. • Slide 4: Common Corrosive Poisons • Sulfuric Acid • Industrial applications • Highly reactive and capable of causing severe burns • Sodium Hydroxide (Lye) • Found in household products • Causes rapid tissue damage upon contact • Slide 5: Routes of Exposure • Ingestion • Accidental poisoning • Deliberate self-harm • Inhalation • Occupational exposure • Accidental release of corrosive gases • Skin Contact • Industrial accidents • Improper handling of corrosive substances • Slide 6: Clinical Presentation • Gastrointestinal Effects • Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting • Hematemesis and melena in severe cases • Respiratory Effects • Coughing, wheezing, dyspnea • Pulmonary edema in cases of inhalation exposure • Cutaneous Effects • Burns, blistering, and ulceration
- 4. • Slide 7: Diagnosis • Medical History • Circumstances of exposure • Timing and nature of symptoms • Physical Examination • Assessment of affected areas • Signs of systemic toxicity • Laboratory Tests • pH measurement in cases of ingestion • Imaging studies to assess internal damage • Slide 8: Treatment • Decontamination • Immediate removal of the corrosive substance from the affected area • Flushing with copious amounts of water • Supportive Care • Pain management • Airway protection • Intravenous fluids
- 5. • Slide 9: Medical Interventions • Neutralization • Specific antidotes for certain substances • Surgical Intervention • Removal of necrotic tissue • Reconstruction of damaged areas • Slide 10: Prognosis and Complications • Prognosis varies based on the nature and extent of exposure. • Complications may include: • Esophageal strictures • Respiratory failure • Long-term psychological effects • Slide 11: Prevention • Proper Handling and Storage • Use of personal protective equipment • Adequate ventilation in workplaces • Public Awareness • Education on safe storage and disposal of corrosive substances • Warning labels on household products • Slide 12: Conclusion • Recap of Key Points • Importance of Timely Intervention • Emphasis on Prevention • Slide 13: Q&A • Open the floor for questions and discussion.
- 6. • Slide 4: Common Corrosive Poisons • Sulfuric Acid • Industrial applications • Highly reactive and capable of causing severe burns • Sodium Hydroxide (Lye) • Found in household products • Causes rapid tissue damage upon contact • Slide 5: Routes of Exposure • Ingestion • Accidental poisoning • Deliberate self-harm • Inhalation • Occupational exposure • Accidental release of corrosive gases • Skin Contact • Industrial accidents • Improper handling of corrosive substances • Slide 6: Clinical Presentation • Gastrointestinal Effects • Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting • Hematemesis and melena in severe cases • Respiratory Effects • Coughing, wheezing, dyspnea • Pulmonary edema in cases of inhalation exposure • Cutaneous Effects • Burns, blistering, and ulceration
- 7. • Slide 7: Diagnosis • Medical History • Circumstances of exposure • Timing and nature of symptoms • Physical Examination • Assessment of affected areas • Signs of systemic toxicity • Laboratory Tests • pH measurement in cases of ingestion • Imaging studies to assess internal damage • Slide 8: Treatment • Decontamination • Immediate removal of the corrosive substance from the affected area • Flushing with copious amounts of water • Supportive Care • Pain management • Airway protection • Intravenous fluids
- 8. • Slide 9: Medical Interventions • Neutralization • Specific antidotes for certain substances • Surgical Intervention • Removal of necrotic tissue • Reconstruction of damaged areas • Slide 10: Prognosis and Complications • Prognosis varies based on the nature and extent of exposure. • Complications may include: • Esophageal strictures • Respiratory failure • Long-term psychological effects • Slide 11: Prevention • Proper Handling and Storage • Use of personal protective equipment • Adequate ventilation in workplaces • Public Awareness • Education on safe storage and disposal of corrosive substances • Warning labels on household products • Slide 12: Conclusion • Recap of Key Points • Importance of Timely Intervention • Emphasis on Prevention • Slide 13: Q&A • Open the floor for questions and discussion.