The aim of the experiment was to prepare a core plug sample from a rock core by cutting a cylindrical plug using a core plug machine and saw. Core plugs are typically 1-1.5 inches in diameter and 1-3 inches long, cut either perpendicular or parallel to the axis of the core. Properties of the core like porosity and permeability are then measured on the core plugs. The necessary instruments used were a core plugging machine, radial saw, and diameter ruler. Safety precautions like lab coats and gloves were required during cutting and plugging of the rock sample.
In this test we will try to prepare core plugs of Different core size can be obtain during the drilling operation process(or can be prepared in the lab from surface rock or ungeometric shape), the main object behind this is to get more information about some targets in which we may get or find porosity permeability ,fluid saturation , hydrocarbon composition.
In this test we will try to prepare core plugs of Different core size can be obtain during the drilling operation process(or can be prepared in the lab from surface rock or ungeometric shape), the main object behind this is to get more information about some targets in which we may get or find porosity permeability ,fluid saturation , hydrocarbon composition.
This a report about Marsh Funnel. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
Viscosity and yield point exp. by jarjis
Experiment Number 5: Yield Point.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
Determine Plastic Viscosity, Apparent Viscosity, And Yield point of a drilling fluid (mud) by using Fann VG viscometer.
=============
This a report about Filtration. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
Rheology model 900 viscometer Mud Engineering Exp.Jarjis Mohammed
Rheology model 900 viscometer by jarjis
Experiment Number 7: Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
=============
This a report about Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
The objective of this test is to determine the bulk volume,
grain volume, pore volume and effective porosity of
interconnected pores of a core sample with the use of liquid
saturation method.
This a report about Marsh Funnel. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
Viscosity and yield point exp. by jarjis
Experiment Number 5: Yield Point.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
Determine Plastic Viscosity, Apparent Viscosity, And Yield point of a drilling fluid (mud) by using Fann VG viscometer.
=============
This a report about Filtration. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
Rheology model 900 viscometer Mud Engineering Exp.Jarjis Mohammed
Rheology model 900 viscometer by jarjis
Experiment Number 7: Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.
Koya University.
Faculty of Engineering.
Drilling Lab
Supervised By Muhammad Jamal
=============
This a report about Rheological Properties using Model 900 Viscometer.. written by Jarjis Muhammad, Petroleum Engineering Dep. Koya University. For more Information please contact me: www.facebook.com/Jarjis.shaqlawaee
The objective of this test is to determine the bulk volume,
grain volume, pore volume and effective porosity of
interconnected pores of a core sample with the use of liquid
saturation method.
properties such as (plastic viscosity, yield point ad gel strength) of the drilling fluid ivestigated using OFFITE model 900 viscometer and a computer which can offer a very accurate result.
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Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
ML for identifying fraud using open blockchain data.pptx
Core plug test
1. 1
Petroleum department
3rd stage
Group (A4)
Reservoir Lab
1st
Experiment:
Core Plug Test
Date of experiment: November 19th
2015
Supervised by:
Mr. Haval Hawez
Prepared by:
Muhammad Faisal
2. 2
Aim of experiment:
The aim of this experiment is to prepare a typical core plug by
removing the plug of the sample rock by the core plug machine
then adjusting the plug by a special laboratory saw to match our
requirements from shape and size.
3. 3
Theory:
A core plug sample refers to a much smaller portion or subsample
of the whole core sample. A core plug sample is obtained by
cutting cylindrical plugs of typically 1 or 1.5 in. in diameter and of
lengths up to 3 in... From a whole core. All necessary rock
properties are typically measured on a number of such core plug
samples. Generally, core plugs are cut from whole core samples in
two different orientations: perpendicular or parallel to the axis of
the whole core. These core plugs, when drilled from a whole core
from a vertical well bore, are called horizontal and vertical plugs
respectively. The determination of rock properties using core plugs
has some distinct advantages such as relatively short amount of
test duration and ease of maintaining experimental conditions. A
diagrammatic representation of core plugs cut from a whole core
sample is shown in Figure below. The measurement of rock
properties on core
plugs is probably the most
common practice in the
petroleum industry.
4. 4
The data derived from core analysis are typically utilized by
geologists, petro physicists, completion engineers, and reservoir
engineers. This particular data allocation is best described by
Figure below. (Anon., 2013)
5. 5
Introduction:
A plug, or sample, taken from a conventional core for analysis. Core
plugs are typically 1 in. to 1 1/2 in. [2.5 to 3.8 cm] in diameter and
1 in. to 2 in. [5 cm] long. Core plugs are ordinarily cut perpendicular
to the axis of the core or parallel to the axis, called horizontal and
vertical plugs, respectively, when cut from a vertical wellbore. The
terms horizontal and vertical are often applied for cores cut from a
deviated or horizontal wellbore, even though they are not strictly
correct unless core orientation is measured and plugs are cut to
the true in-situ orientation.
7. 7
Diameter ruler
Test procedures:
Caution: the device used in this experiment are extremely
dangerous. Before the lab begins full information should be
obtained. Lab coat, safety glasses and gloves are necessary for
this test.
1) Core slabbing:
If the rock is big then it should first be cut by another method
Put the sample on the table · Check the tension on the pulleys
Adjust the direction of water line on both saw and sample
Check water tanks and fill them if they are empty
Start the water pump and check the direction of water and
check the flow
Start the saw by pressing the start bottom
Cut the sample by screwing up and down of the saw and
pushing the sample table of machine
Press the stop button
Unclamp the core sample
2) Plugging using plug drill Press machine:
Check the tension on the pulleys
Check the direction of the spindle
Fill the recycling tank
Screw down the core drill and lock it in place
8. 8
Mount a core sample and lock it firmly in the clamping unit
Adjust the lower stop on the core drill. 1-2 mm before the end
of slab is sufficient for prevention of plugging the sample in
plug driller. Touching of the driller with table causes severe
damage to the driller.
Close the core drill protective housing
Press the Start button
Open the irrigation taps
Check the flows
Cut the core sample
Press the « Stop » button
Unclamp the core sample
3) Measuring the plugs dimensions with the ruler.
9. 9
Discussion:
Q1) what is the main problem associated with core plug data?
A1) the main problem is alternation of core between the reservoir
and the laboratory permeameter, and the method of averaging
core plug values to give a macroscopic layer permeability. (Stewart,
2011)
Q2) what are the data we get from core plugs?
A2) porosity, permeability, rock type, lithology, fluid type, fluid
saturation….
Q3) why does the Radial saw and the core plug machine have
cooling systems?
A3) to protect the saw and the core bit from damage and the heat
generated by the high friction and for safety as well to prevent any
launched sparks and splinters.
10. 10
References:
Anon., 2013. Petroleum ReservoirRock and Fluid Properties,
Second Edition. 2 ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Lamber, S. J., 1980. Recommended Analysis Plan for the
Borehole Plugging Program Potash Core Test. 1 ed. Department
of Energy,USA: Sandia National Laboratories.
Stewart, G., 2011. Well Test Design & Analysis. 1 ed.
Tulsa,Oklahoma:PennWell Corporation.