CHAPTER 10: COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN P...Cristy Melloso
This document discusses corruption in the Philippines public sector. It provides data from Transparency International's 2008 Corruption Perceptions Index that ranked the Philippines 141st out of 180 countries surveyed, indicating high levels of corruption. Several government departments are identified as having issues with graft and corruption. The document discusses the need for ethical values like honesty, accountability, and work ethic to be integrated into public administration in the Philippines to help address corruption challenges. Various laws and regulations related to ethics and conduct in the public sector are also mentioned.
The document summarizes several traditional and new subfields of public administration. The traditional subfields discussed are political theory, international relations, comparative politics, organization and management, public personnel administration, public fiscal administration, and local government administration. Newer subfields that have emerged include policy analysis and program administration, public enterprise management, voluntary sector management, and spatial information management. Each subfield is briefly described in terms of its key areas of focus and topics studied.
1) In the 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville observed the phenomenon of individualism in America, which he contrasted with the egoism he saw in Europe.
2) The progressive movement led to reforms like the Pendleton Act in 1883, which professionalized the civil service through a merit-based hiring system.
3) There have been various attempts to define public administration, with scholars focusing on elements like its role in policymaking, fiscal administration, and organization and management of government. Its relationship to political science has also been an ongoing topic of discussion.
Slide deck with thoughts on Corruption in the Philippines. Slides are from an undergraduate course on Philippine Politics and Governance I taught between 2003-2005.
Anti corruption and integrity - causes and consequenceShamsul Arefin
The presentation plan discusses integrity, corruption, types of corruption, causes and consequences of corruption, and remedial measures. It will define integrity, corruption and discuss types of corruption like systematic, individual, grand and petty. It will also discuss causes like bureaucracy, lack of transparency, and consequences like lower investment and economic growth. Finally, it will discuss remedial measures like anti-corruption laws and policies to address corruption.
The document discusses the emergence of the concept of governance in development discourse in the 1990s. It was introduced by international institutions like the UN and World Bank as an alternative paradigm to address failures of previous development models. Governance goes beyond government to include citizens, institutions, and groups pursuing collective goals. It emphasizes principles like accountability, participation, transparency and the rule of law. The document outlines how governance and good governance are defined by different scholars and organizations and their relationship with development and poverty reduction.
The document summarizes the evolution of the field of public administration from traditional to modern phases. It discusses key thinkers and developments that shaped the field, including Woodrow Wilson's politics-administration dichotomy, Frank Goodnow's examination of the dichotomy, and Leonard White's influential early textbook. It also outlines Max Weber's analysis of bureaucratic organizations and principles of bureaucracy. The summary traces the historical roots and changing paradigms that have influenced public administration theory and practice over time.
Modern public administration has gone through several phases since the 1950s: (1) development administration from the 1950s-1960s which focused on helping developing countries rebuild after WWII, (2) new public administration in the 1970s which addressed the "identity crisis" facing the field, (3) new public management in the 1980s-1990s which emphasized market-based reforms, and (4) governance which views public administration more broadly. Development administration aimed to help countries undergoing social and economic transformation through innovation management and the administration of development projects with Western aid. The Philippines also drew on development administration principles but faced its own "identity crisis" in defining an approach rooted to its own aspirations.
CHAPTER 10: COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN P...Cristy Melloso
This document discusses corruption in the Philippines public sector. It provides data from Transparency International's 2008 Corruption Perceptions Index that ranked the Philippines 141st out of 180 countries surveyed, indicating high levels of corruption. Several government departments are identified as having issues with graft and corruption. The document discusses the need for ethical values like honesty, accountability, and work ethic to be integrated into public administration in the Philippines to help address corruption challenges. Various laws and regulations related to ethics and conduct in the public sector are also mentioned.
The document summarizes several traditional and new subfields of public administration. The traditional subfields discussed are political theory, international relations, comparative politics, organization and management, public personnel administration, public fiscal administration, and local government administration. Newer subfields that have emerged include policy analysis and program administration, public enterprise management, voluntary sector management, and spatial information management. Each subfield is briefly described in terms of its key areas of focus and topics studied.
1) In the 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville observed the phenomenon of individualism in America, which he contrasted with the egoism he saw in Europe.
2) The progressive movement led to reforms like the Pendleton Act in 1883, which professionalized the civil service through a merit-based hiring system.
3) There have been various attempts to define public administration, with scholars focusing on elements like its role in policymaking, fiscal administration, and organization and management of government. Its relationship to political science has also been an ongoing topic of discussion.
Slide deck with thoughts on Corruption in the Philippines. Slides are from an undergraduate course on Philippine Politics and Governance I taught between 2003-2005.
Anti corruption and integrity - causes and consequenceShamsul Arefin
The presentation plan discusses integrity, corruption, types of corruption, causes and consequences of corruption, and remedial measures. It will define integrity, corruption and discuss types of corruption like systematic, individual, grand and petty. It will also discuss causes like bureaucracy, lack of transparency, and consequences like lower investment and economic growth. Finally, it will discuss remedial measures like anti-corruption laws and policies to address corruption.
The document discusses the emergence of the concept of governance in development discourse in the 1990s. It was introduced by international institutions like the UN and World Bank as an alternative paradigm to address failures of previous development models. Governance goes beyond government to include citizens, institutions, and groups pursuing collective goals. It emphasizes principles like accountability, participation, transparency and the rule of law. The document outlines how governance and good governance are defined by different scholars and organizations and their relationship with development and poverty reduction.
The document summarizes the evolution of the field of public administration from traditional to modern phases. It discusses key thinkers and developments that shaped the field, including Woodrow Wilson's politics-administration dichotomy, Frank Goodnow's examination of the dichotomy, and Leonard White's influential early textbook. It also outlines Max Weber's analysis of bureaucratic organizations and principles of bureaucracy. The summary traces the historical roots and changing paradigms that have influenced public administration theory and practice over time.
Modern public administration has gone through several phases since the 1950s: (1) development administration from the 1950s-1960s which focused on helping developing countries rebuild after WWII, (2) new public administration in the 1970s which addressed the "identity crisis" facing the field, (3) new public management in the 1980s-1990s which emphasized market-based reforms, and (4) governance which views public administration more broadly. Development administration aimed to help countries undergoing social and economic transformation through innovation management and the administration of development projects with Western aid. The Philippines also drew on development administration principles but faced its own "identity crisis" in defining an approach rooted to its own aspirations.
- Public administration is an interdisciplinary field that draws from various social sciences like political science, economics, and law. It aims to promote effective and efficient governance that is responsive to citizens' needs.
- The field has its roots in the late 19th century with Woodrow Wilson advocating for separating politics and administration, and for developing public administration as a self-conscious profession.
- It developed further in the 20th century with scholars and practitioners collaborating and experimenting to advance theories and practices of public administration.
The document discusses bureaucracy in the Philippine government. It outlines the basic concepts of bureaucracy, including its hierarchical and specialized structure designed to efficiently coordinate large administrative tasks. It then describes characteristics of Philippine bureaucracy, such as vulnerability to nepotism and perpetuating patronage systems. Philippine bureaucratic behavior is also examined, including conformity to policies, preference for maintaining the status quo, and being politically supportive of the party in power. Overall, the summary outlines how bureaucracy developed as the dominant form of organization in modern societies, both its strengths in coordinating complex tasks and weaknesses it can display in some contexts.
Chapter 10 Summary: COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC AND ACCOUNTABIL...Cristy Melloso
GroupWork of BPG4-1 15-16 :)
Subtopics:
,coping with corruption through work ethic and acco ,transparency international ,corruption everywhere ,ethics and governance ,building an honest to goodness civil service ,a call for work ethic and renewal” ,a case of corruption: the people’s perception ,the culture of corruption ,public office is a public trust ,public officers and employees in the civil service ,anti-graft and corruption practices ,bureaucracy and accountability ,code of conduct and ethical standards for public o ,basis for disciplinary action ,a political commitment ,the role of the ombudsman ,oversight bodies against corruption ,anti-red tape act (ra 9485)” ,the future of corruption ,operational thrust of ethics and accountability ,levels of ethics ,towards ethical and accountable governance
The document discusses the evolution of the concept of governance from the 1990s to present. It began as a development reform advocated by international institutions in response to failed development interventions. "Good governance" emerged as a guiding principle, focusing on proper administrative processes and effective policy instruments. Key principles of good governance were identified as accountability, participation, predictability, and transparency. The document also discusses definitions and characteristics of good governance put forward by various international organizations, as well as indicators and assessment tools used to measure good governance.
This document discusses different categories of ethics including descriptive ethics, metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics. It defines an ethical dilemma as a situation requiring a choice between equally unfavorable options. The document then discusses public administration issues and accountability, describing accountability as being answerable for one's actions and the expectation of explaining them. It outlines different types of accountability including traditional, managerial, program, social, and process accountability. The document emphasizes that public office is a public trust in the Philippines according to the 1987 Constitution.
The document discusses the emergence and key concepts of Development Administration (DA) as a field of study from the 1950s-1960s. DA focused on administering development in third world countries as they worked to industrialize and modernize after World War II. It aimed to help these countries overcome administrative obstacles to economic planning and social change through reforms like improving public services, governance, and people's participation in development. While Western countries provided funds and models, DA was tailored to unique political, social and cultural contexts in different countries like the Philippines, where it remained central to development plans.
Ethics and Accountability in Public ServiceMars Attacks
The 1987 Philippine Constitution demands that public officials and employees shall at all times be accountable to the people and shall discharge their duties with utmost responsibility, integrity, competence and loyalty, act with patriotism and justice, lead modest lives and uphold public interest over personal interest.
The document defines and discusses the concept of accountability. It provides several definitions of accountability from different sources that commonly describe it as an obligation to be responsible and answerable for responsibilities conferred by another party. It also discusses different types of accountability like internal versus external accountability, objective versus subjective accountability, and political accountability in its constitutional, decentralized, and consultative forms. The document explores factors like autonomy, attitudes, and technical structures that influence how effective accountability can be.
New Public Management (NPM) is a philosophy that aims to modernize public sectors by making them more market-oriented and efficiency-focused. It emphasizes decentralization, competition, performance measurement, and increased private sector involvement in public services. Several projects in the Philippines have applied NPM principles, such as e-governance initiatives in Naga City, outsourcing drivers' license services, and programs that promote competitiveness among local governments.
The document outlines the evolution of paradigms in public administration from 1900 to the present. It discusses 8 paradigms from the Politics/Administration Dichotomy to the current paradigm of Governance. Key paradigms included Development Administration in the 1950s-1960s, New Public Administration in the 1960s-1970s, New Public Management in the 1980s-1990s, and a shift from Government to Governance from the 1990s to present. The document also provides context on these paradigms in the Philippines and discusses trends in good governance, e-governance, and the history of administrations in the Philippines from Marcos to Arroyo.
The document discusses the emergence of new public management and reinventing government ideas in the 1980s and 1990s. These ideas aimed to make government more efficient and cost-effective by applying private sector practices to the public sector. They emphasized making government more customer-oriented, decentralized, and business-like. Critics argued these approaches focused too much on customers rather than citizens. The document also outlines some of the key principles of new public management and reinventing government.
This document discusses public personnel administration. It begins by outlining the objectives of introducing, distinguishing, and elaborating on public personnel administration. It then discusses the increasing tasks of government and how this impacts personnel demands. The key functions of public personnel administration are identified as planning, acquisition, development, and sanctions. Challenges like competitiveness, limited resources, technology, and workplace violence are also summarized.
Reinventing Government in the Information Age
II.People’s Participation, Consensus Building, and Transparency through ICTs: Issues and Challenges for Governance in the Philippines
III. Shaping Organization Form Communication, Connection and Community
IV. ICTs and Employment: the Problem of Job Quality
e-Government represents the use of information and communication technologies by government agencies to provide services to citizens and businesses. It aims to improve access to government information and services, make government more efficient and effective, and enhance relationships between citizens and government. Key aspects of e-government include improving internal government processes, connecting citizens, and promoting economic development through electronic public services.
New Public Management and Reinventing Government emerged in the 1980s and 1990s as responses to economic problems and a desire for more efficient and cost-effective government. Key aspects included being more customer-oriented, decentralizing authority, and applying private sector business models to government. The new public management movement advocated for competition, quantifying performance, and giving managers more autonomy. Reinventing Government proposed operating governments like businesses to improve outcomes. Reengineering sought radical improvements to processes through exploiting technology. These reforms aimed to improve productivity and services while reducing costs.
Development administration emerged in the 1950s-1960s as a response to the needs of developing countries undergoing rapid social and economic changes. It aimed to implement development programs and increase administrative capabilities to manage change. Key figures like Riggs emphasized adapting administration to facilitate development and improving areas like planning, participation, and technological adoption. The field evolved from a technical assistance approach criticized as ineffective to emphasize empirical studies of administrative strategies and requirements for development. It remains an important framework for public sector management in developing nation contexts like the Philippines.
This document discusses different types of accountability in public administration, including traditional, managerial, program, social, and process accountability. It compares how the concept of accountability has changed over time and evolved from focusing on regularity and compliance to also emphasizing efficiency, effectiveness, and results. The document also examines how public administration itself has changed and developed through different varieties, from traditional to development to new public administration. Overall, it analyzes the relationship between changing concepts of accountability and the evolving field of public administration.
Civil service in developed & developing countries a comparative studyShamsul Arefin
1. Civil services in developing countries tend to be large, underpaid, and politicized, resulting in inefficient and corrupt service delivery.
2. Most experts recommend a merit-based model for civil service reform, as used by developed countries, where individuals enter based on competitive exams and are protected from political interference.
3. However, merit-based reforms often fail in developing countries due to weak political support and large government bureaucracies that resist change. Politics and traditional patronage systems block meaningful reforms.
Fiscal administration involves the management of financial resources including revenue generation, fund availability, and ensuring funds are spent wisely, lawfully, and efficiently. It is an important administrative responsibility. The key Philippine government agencies involved in fiscal functions are Congress, the Department of Finance, Department of Budget and Management, and Commission on Audit. The budget process involves preparation, authorization, implementation, and accountability stages at both the national and local levels.
This document discusses corruption in Trinidad and Tobago and why it seems to be increasing despite codes of ethics. It notes that corruption undermines development in developing countries by creating an uneven distribution of wealth. While Trinidad and Tobago has many codes of ethics for professionals and public officials, corruption has still increased over the past 14 years as measured by Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index. The document analyzes factors contributing to endemic corruption in Trinidad and Tobago such as weaknesses in political systems, lack of accountability, influence of the drug trade, and failure to properly educate citizens on ethics. It concludes that strengthening institutions to prevent corruption and empowering citizens is needed to curb corruption in the long run.
Corruption is a major problem in the Philippines that undermines good governance and economic development. The Philippines ranks poorly in international corruption indexes and surveys show that the public perceives widespread corruption, especially in revenue collection agencies and infrastructure projects. While the government expresses commitment to anti-corruption efforts, systemic and institutionalized corruption are entrenched issues according to analyses of the Philippine experience with monopolies of power, lack of transparency and accountability, and a culture where corrupt practices are socially accepted.
- Public administration is an interdisciplinary field that draws from various social sciences like political science, economics, and law. It aims to promote effective and efficient governance that is responsive to citizens' needs.
- The field has its roots in the late 19th century with Woodrow Wilson advocating for separating politics and administration, and for developing public administration as a self-conscious profession.
- It developed further in the 20th century with scholars and practitioners collaborating and experimenting to advance theories and practices of public administration.
The document discusses bureaucracy in the Philippine government. It outlines the basic concepts of bureaucracy, including its hierarchical and specialized structure designed to efficiently coordinate large administrative tasks. It then describes characteristics of Philippine bureaucracy, such as vulnerability to nepotism and perpetuating patronage systems. Philippine bureaucratic behavior is also examined, including conformity to policies, preference for maintaining the status quo, and being politically supportive of the party in power. Overall, the summary outlines how bureaucracy developed as the dominant form of organization in modern societies, both its strengths in coordinating complex tasks and weaknesses it can display in some contexts.
Chapter 10 Summary: COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC AND ACCOUNTABIL...Cristy Melloso
GroupWork of BPG4-1 15-16 :)
Subtopics:
,coping with corruption through work ethic and acco ,transparency international ,corruption everywhere ,ethics and governance ,building an honest to goodness civil service ,a call for work ethic and renewal” ,a case of corruption: the people’s perception ,the culture of corruption ,public office is a public trust ,public officers and employees in the civil service ,anti-graft and corruption practices ,bureaucracy and accountability ,code of conduct and ethical standards for public o ,basis for disciplinary action ,a political commitment ,the role of the ombudsman ,oversight bodies against corruption ,anti-red tape act (ra 9485)” ,the future of corruption ,operational thrust of ethics and accountability ,levels of ethics ,towards ethical and accountable governance
The document discusses the evolution of the concept of governance from the 1990s to present. It began as a development reform advocated by international institutions in response to failed development interventions. "Good governance" emerged as a guiding principle, focusing on proper administrative processes and effective policy instruments. Key principles of good governance were identified as accountability, participation, predictability, and transparency. The document also discusses definitions and characteristics of good governance put forward by various international organizations, as well as indicators and assessment tools used to measure good governance.
This document discusses different categories of ethics including descriptive ethics, metaethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics. It defines an ethical dilemma as a situation requiring a choice between equally unfavorable options. The document then discusses public administration issues and accountability, describing accountability as being answerable for one's actions and the expectation of explaining them. It outlines different types of accountability including traditional, managerial, program, social, and process accountability. The document emphasizes that public office is a public trust in the Philippines according to the 1987 Constitution.
The document discusses the emergence and key concepts of Development Administration (DA) as a field of study from the 1950s-1960s. DA focused on administering development in third world countries as they worked to industrialize and modernize after World War II. It aimed to help these countries overcome administrative obstacles to economic planning and social change through reforms like improving public services, governance, and people's participation in development. While Western countries provided funds and models, DA was tailored to unique political, social and cultural contexts in different countries like the Philippines, where it remained central to development plans.
Ethics and Accountability in Public ServiceMars Attacks
The 1987 Philippine Constitution demands that public officials and employees shall at all times be accountable to the people and shall discharge their duties with utmost responsibility, integrity, competence and loyalty, act with patriotism and justice, lead modest lives and uphold public interest over personal interest.
The document defines and discusses the concept of accountability. It provides several definitions of accountability from different sources that commonly describe it as an obligation to be responsible and answerable for responsibilities conferred by another party. It also discusses different types of accountability like internal versus external accountability, objective versus subjective accountability, and political accountability in its constitutional, decentralized, and consultative forms. The document explores factors like autonomy, attitudes, and technical structures that influence how effective accountability can be.
New Public Management (NPM) is a philosophy that aims to modernize public sectors by making them more market-oriented and efficiency-focused. It emphasizes decentralization, competition, performance measurement, and increased private sector involvement in public services. Several projects in the Philippines have applied NPM principles, such as e-governance initiatives in Naga City, outsourcing drivers' license services, and programs that promote competitiveness among local governments.
The document outlines the evolution of paradigms in public administration from 1900 to the present. It discusses 8 paradigms from the Politics/Administration Dichotomy to the current paradigm of Governance. Key paradigms included Development Administration in the 1950s-1960s, New Public Administration in the 1960s-1970s, New Public Management in the 1980s-1990s, and a shift from Government to Governance from the 1990s to present. The document also provides context on these paradigms in the Philippines and discusses trends in good governance, e-governance, and the history of administrations in the Philippines from Marcos to Arroyo.
The document discusses the emergence of new public management and reinventing government ideas in the 1980s and 1990s. These ideas aimed to make government more efficient and cost-effective by applying private sector practices to the public sector. They emphasized making government more customer-oriented, decentralized, and business-like. Critics argued these approaches focused too much on customers rather than citizens. The document also outlines some of the key principles of new public management and reinventing government.
This document discusses public personnel administration. It begins by outlining the objectives of introducing, distinguishing, and elaborating on public personnel administration. It then discusses the increasing tasks of government and how this impacts personnel demands. The key functions of public personnel administration are identified as planning, acquisition, development, and sanctions. Challenges like competitiveness, limited resources, technology, and workplace violence are also summarized.
Reinventing Government in the Information Age
II.People’s Participation, Consensus Building, and Transparency through ICTs: Issues and Challenges for Governance in the Philippines
III. Shaping Organization Form Communication, Connection and Community
IV. ICTs and Employment: the Problem of Job Quality
e-Government represents the use of information and communication technologies by government agencies to provide services to citizens and businesses. It aims to improve access to government information and services, make government more efficient and effective, and enhance relationships between citizens and government. Key aspects of e-government include improving internal government processes, connecting citizens, and promoting economic development through electronic public services.
New Public Management and Reinventing Government emerged in the 1980s and 1990s as responses to economic problems and a desire for more efficient and cost-effective government. Key aspects included being more customer-oriented, decentralizing authority, and applying private sector business models to government. The new public management movement advocated for competition, quantifying performance, and giving managers more autonomy. Reinventing Government proposed operating governments like businesses to improve outcomes. Reengineering sought radical improvements to processes through exploiting technology. These reforms aimed to improve productivity and services while reducing costs.
Development administration emerged in the 1950s-1960s as a response to the needs of developing countries undergoing rapid social and economic changes. It aimed to implement development programs and increase administrative capabilities to manage change. Key figures like Riggs emphasized adapting administration to facilitate development and improving areas like planning, participation, and technological adoption. The field evolved from a technical assistance approach criticized as ineffective to emphasize empirical studies of administrative strategies and requirements for development. It remains an important framework for public sector management in developing nation contexts like the Philippines.
This document discusses different types of accountability in public administration, including traditional, managerial, program, social, and process accountability. It compares how the concept of accountability has changed over time and evolved from focusing on regularity and compliance to also emphasizing efficiency, effectiveness, and results. The document also examines how public administration itself has changed and developed through different varieties, from traditional to development to new public administration. Overall, it analyzes the relationship between changing concepts of accountability and the evolving field of public administration.
Civil service in developed & developing countries a comparative studyShamsul Arefin
1. Civil services in developing countries tend to be large, underpaid, and politicized, resulting in inefficient and corrupt service delivery.
2. Most experts recommend a merit-based model for civil service reform, as used by developed countries, where individuals enter based on competitive exams and are protected from political interference.
3. However, merit-based reforms often fail in developing countries due to weak political support and large government bureaucracies that resist change. Politics and traditional patronage systems block meaningful reforms.
Fiscal administration involves the management of financial resources including revenue generation, fund availability, and ensuring funds are spent wisely, lawfully, and efficiently. It is an important administrative responsibility. The key Philippine government agencies involved in fiscal functions are Congress, the Department of Finance, Department of Budget and Management, and Commission on Audit. The budget process involves preparation, authorization, implementation, and accountability stages at both the national and local levels.
This document discusses corruption in Trinidad and Tobago and why it seems to be increasing despite codes of ethics. It notes that corruption undermines development in developing countries by creating an uneven distribution of wealth. While Trinidad and Tobago has many codes of ethics for professionals and public officials, corruption has still increased over the past 14 years as measured by Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index. The document analyzes factors contributing to endemic corruption in Trinidad and Tobago such as weaknesses in political systems, lack of accountability, influence of the drug trade, and failure to properly educate citizens on ethics. It concludes that strengthening institutions to prevent corruption and empowering citizens is needed to curb corruption in the long run.
Corruption is a major problem in the Philippines that undermines good governance and economic development. The Philippines ranks poorly in international corruption indexes and surveys show that the public perceives widespread corruption, especially in revenue collection agencies and infrastructure projects. While the government expresses commitment to anti-corruption efforts, systemic and institutionalized corruption are entrenched issues according to analyses of the Philippine experience with monopolies of power, lack of transparency and accountability, and a culture where corrupt practices are socially accepted.
The document discusses various ways to curb corruption. It outlines different types of corruption like petty, political, and systemic corruption. It then discusses the effects of corruption like loss of money to the exchequer, unhealthy business climate, and denial of opportunities to merited people. The document recommends measures like strong leadership with integrity, credibility of anti-corruption efforts, public involvement, responsible press, improved institutions, and oversight bodies to effectively curb corruption. It also discusses the Jan Lokpal bill aimed at deterring corruption and protecting whistleblowers.
The document discusses ethics and integrity in public service in Kenya. It outlines the legal foundations for ethics in the constitution and various laws. It then discusses elements of ethical leadership like transparency, accountability and conflict of interest rules. It analyzes Kenya's current challenges in ensuring officials follow ethical standards, with issues like lack of enforcement and protection of wrongdoers. Finally, it discusses best practices of developed countries that Kenya could adopt, such as strong political commitment, comprehensive training, whistleblower protections and coordination between anti-corruption agencies.
corruption and its effects on the economy of pakistan.pptxssuser672d4e
This document discusses the effects of corruption on Pakistan's economy. It states that corruption hampers economic growth, disproportionately burdens the poor, and undermines investment and aid effectiveness. Some key causes of corruption in Pakistan identified include the colonial administrative system, land allocation practices, expansion of the public sector, misuse of public funds by cooperatives and corporations, entry of drug money in the 1980s, improper use of foreign aid, an informal economy, and weak institutions. The main effects of corruption on Pakistan's economy are economic inefficiency and loss, increased poverty and inequality, and negative impacts on political development. Strategies to reduce corruption proposed in the document include enforcing accountability, reforming public administration and finances, increasing transparency, and
This presents the types of corruption, its obstacles, and cost.
Finally, suggestions on how to address the corruption both from the individual level and the level of the concerned agencies. From the 10 suggested solutions, which do you think is the best to fight corruption in the country? Any other solution to share to stop or at least weaken corruption in the Philippines? Indeed, addressing corruption in the Philippines is a multi-pronged strategy to raise general community awareness about
the corruption problem and to create public pressure to make public officials more accountable for their actions.
Remedies for curbing black economy and corruption.pdftrijya
The document discusses various remedies for curbing black economy and corruption. It discusses three main dimensions for remedies: 1) countering corruption and building integrity through proactive enforcement of rules and regulations, an effective legal framework and independent judiciary, and education on integrity and ethics. 2) Personnel management through merit-based recruitment and transparency. 3) Financial management through integrity pacts, accountability, and oversight mechanisms. It also notes the importance of monitoring corruption and involvement of both public and private sectors.
This presentation discusses raising awareness and comprehension of compliance programs to prevent corruption. It covers defining key terms like bribery, fraud, and corruption. It also outlines key anti-corruption trends driving greater compliance, such as increasing scrutiny, law reform, and disclosure obligations. Specific examples of corruption at an organization are provided. The presentation emphasizes the importance of organizational culture and ethics in enhancing compliance. It also discusses benefits to organizations of having robust integrity systems like reputation, lower costs, and attracting top talent.
This document discusses good governance and anti-corruption. It defines good governance as how public institutions conduct affairs and manage resources. Pillars of good governance include transparency, accountability, and participation. Corruption is discussed as unethical behavior for personal gain that hinders development. Types of corruption include bribery, theft, political corruption, and more. Effects of corruption are discussed like lack of quality services, improper justice, unemployment, poor health, disregard for officials, lack of respect, and delays in economic growth and development. Ways to combat corruption include increasing salaries, staffing, and enforcement of dismissal laws for corrupt officials.
The document discusses corruption, including its definition, types, factors causing it, effects, and measures to curb it. It defines corruption as the abuse of public power for private benefit. Some key points:
- Corruption can take various forms like bribes, fraud, embezzlement, extortion, nepotism.
- Factors that can contribute to corruption include excessive regulations, low wages, lack of transparency, and lack of accountability.
- Corruption negatively impacts economic growth, foreign investment, education and health spending, and inequality.
- Measuring corruption is difficult but methods include perception indexes and estimating unreported economic activity.
- Transparency International publishes an annual Corruption Perceptions Index
Corruption takes various forms including political, judicial, and police corruption. Political corruption involves elected officials gaining personal benefits through bribes. Judicial corruption occurs when judges receive bribes or show bias in their rulings. Police corruption involves officers accepting bribes in exchange for ignoring illegal activities. Corruption has significant negative consequences for a country like loss of wealth, hindered development, and increased crime and poverty. While India has enacted laws against corruption, it remains a persistent problem and reducing it will require strong enforcement of anti-corruption laws as well as efforts to increase transparency, accountability and civic participation.
Companies conducting international business face various ethical and cultural challenges. Understanding the customs, beliefs, and moral history of other countries is vital for success. In China, business ethics and corporate social responsibility are still developing areas heavily influenced by Confucian values and the government. Western companies must consider these cultural factors when implementing ethics programs. Key issues include corruption, human rights, and workplace discrimination. South Africa also presents ethical challenges due to its apartheid legacy, with influences like Ubuntu and cultural views of whistleblowers. While both governments promote ethics, progress is still needed regarding issues like corruption, governance, and treatment of migrant workers and minorities.
This document discusses governance and government. It defines governance as the exercise of political, economic and administrative authority to manage a nation's affairs, while government rules and controls a state. Good governance involves adherence to rule of law, management over control, and participation from the state, civil society and market. The Philippines faces challenges of governance such as corruption, inefficient bureaucracy and political instability that have hindered development. Efforts to improve governance through anti-red tape laws, e-services and streamlined business processes have had limited impact and governance remains an issue.
This document discusses governance and government. It defines governance as the exercise of political, economic and administrative authority to manage a nation's affairs, while government rules and controls a state. Good governance involves adherence to rule of law, management over control, and participation from the state, civil society and market. The Philippines faces challenges of governance such as corruption, inefficiency and instability which have negatively impacted development. Efforts to improve governance through initiatives like anti-red tape laws and e-services have had limited success. Comprehensive reform is still needed to strengthen governance.
Accountability and transparency in public administration can lead to good governance. They are prerequisites for public trust. When governments are transparent, with open budgets and financial statements, and officials are accountable for their actions and use of resources, it reduces corruption and maladministration. This builds integrity and legitimacy in government. However, corruption in the public sector, like in public works projects, can have large economic and human costs if transparency and accountability measures are not implemented properly.
This document discusses ethics and accountability in the Philippine public sector. It outlines the legal and institutional frameworks that promote ethical conduct, including the Constitution, Civil Service Code of Conduct, and oversight bodies like the Civil Service Commission, Office of the Ombudsman, and Commission on Audit. It also describes initiatives to develop ethics among public servants, such as training programs, awards systems, and efforts to gain citizen feedback. The goal is to strengthen trust in government through upholding values of integrity, accountability and service to the public interest.
This document discusses the history and types of graft and corruption in the Philippine government. It notes that in the late 1980s and early 1990s, graft and corruption were seen as major problems in the Philippines. It identifies eight common types of corruption, including tax evasion, ghost projects, bypassing public bidding, nepotism, extortion, bribery, and protection money. The document also discusses the costs of corruption and some of the legal measures and government agencies that have been established to address the issue.
This document discusses challenges in governance in the Philippines, especially issues related to corruption. It provides context on the definition and forms of corruption, as well as the country's historical corruption issues. Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index ranking of the Philippines is discussed. The impacts of corruption on development are outlined, including its connection to poverty. Two case studies on specific corruption scandals are also summarized.
Accountability & transparency and good governance 28 08-2011DrShamsulArefin
The document discusses accountability, transparency, and their impact on public administration. It defines accountability as the obligation of public officials to report on the use of public resources and be answerable for failing to meet objectives. Transparency involves sharing information about government decisions and activities through open records and access to information. When governments are accountable and transparent, it reduces corruption, ensures optimal use of resources, and builds public trust. The implementation of accountability requires measures across procurement, financial management, disclosure, civil society involvement, complaints processes, codes of conduct, and sanctions.
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During an organizational transformation, the shift is from the previous state to an improved one. In the realm of agility, I emphasize the significance of identifying polarities. This approach helps establish a clear understanding of your objectives. I have outlined 12 incremental actions to delineate your organizational strategy.
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In the realm of effective leadership, a multitude of skills come into play, but one stands out as both crucial and challenging: public speaking.
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Specific ServPoints should be tailored for restaurants in all food service segments. Your ServPoints should be the centerpiece of brand delivery training (guest service) and align with your brand position and marketing initiatives, especially in high-labor-cost conditions.
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2. COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC
AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SERVICE
Transparency International
(TI) is a global coalition against
corruption. It is an international
organization dedicated to
documenting and tracing levels of
government corruption.
01
3. Country
Rank
Some SEA
Countries
200
8
CPI
Survey
Used*
Confidence
Rating
4 Singapore 9.2 9 9.0-9.3
47 Malaysia 5.1 9 4.5-5.7
80 Thailand 3.5 9 3.0-3.9
121 Vietnam 2.7 9 2.4-3.1
126 Indonesia 2.6 10 2.3-2.9
141 Philippines 2.3 9 2.1-2.5
145 East Timor 2.2 4 1.8-2.5
151 Laos 2.0 6 1.6-2.3
166 Cambodia 1.8 7 1.7-1.9
178 Myanmar 1.3 4 1.0-1,5
*Survey Used” Refers to the
number of surveys that was
used to assess a country’s
performance. 17 surveys were
used and at least three surveys
were required for a country to
be included in the Corruption
Perception Index (CPI).
**Corruption 0 to 10: A score
of “10” means politics is totally
clean while a score of “0”
means that it is totally corrupt.
Table 16. 2008 CPI in Some South East Asian Countries by Transparency
International
1
Transparency International (TI)
4. As stated, Transparency International ranked Philippines as the
141st most corrupt government in the world in 2008. Corruption in
the country is very high; politics is very dishonest as compared to
other neighboring Southeast Asian states. On the contrary,
Transparency International also identified 10 of the most clean
and honest states in the world as shown in the table.
Table 16. 2008 CPI in Some South East Asian Countries by Transparency
International
1
Transparency International (TI)
5. Country
Rank
Most Clean and
Honest Countries
2008
CPI
Survey
Used
Confidence
Rating
1 Denmark 9.3 6 9.1-9.4
1 New Zealand 9.3 6 9.2-9.5
1 Sweden 9.3 6 9.2-9.4
4 Singapore 9.2 9 9.0-9.3
5 Finland 9.0 6 8.4-9.4
5 Switzerland 9.0 6 8.7-9.2
7 Iceland 8.9 5 8.1-9.4
7 Netherlands 8.9 6 8.5-9.1
9 Australia 8.7 8 8.2-9.1
9 Canada 8.7 6 8.4-9.1
Table 17. 2008 Transparency International’s Most Clean and Honest
Government and Politics
1
Transparency International (TI)
6. COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC
AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SERVICE
Ethics and Governance
The integration of moral values and ethical standards in
public administration is one effective strategy of responsive
and good governance in the midst dishonesty, corruption, and
mediocrity in the public service. Ethical values traits would
ensure proper guidance among government employees only if
these moral recovery principles are enforceable in actions
among all public officials and employees, and punitive in
character whenever violated, suppressed or restricted personal
advantage.
02
7. COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC
AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SERVICE
Ethics and Governance
Ethics is gaining prominence in the discourse about governance
today. There is a perception that standards in public life are in
decline. This raises questions about the costs of misconduct on the
part of those who have been entrusted with guarding public interests
and resources. These costs are losses in trust and confidence in
public institutions and losses in precious resources which were
meant to support the economic and social development of nations
and peoples.
02
8. COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC
AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SERVICE
The Culture of Corruption
Corruption means a “failure to carry out proper or public
responsibilities because of the pursuit of personal gain.” In many
countries, graft and corruption has indeed become a culture or a way of
life. The culture of graft and corruption is an administrative issue since
time, particularly in underdeveloped societies, and the Philippines is
privy to this. In most cases, corruption has a material or narrowly
financial character, its most particular political manifestation is bribery or
sleaze. Regarding politics, corruption is understood with officials
performing their public tasks improperly in order to receive individual
repayment.
3
9. Furthermore, studies of corruption in the Philippines point to these
adversarial effects which include, but not limited to:
3
The Culture of Corruption
Wastage of public resources as when
infrastructure projects are poor; and
substandard and do not last their projected
useful lifetime;
01
Low revenue collection, as when bribes
are paid in lieu of taxes and charges in
revenue collecting agencies;
02
Other socially unfeasible behavior such as
tax evasion and smuggling;
03
Cronyism, the highest form of
corruption expressed in cartels and
monopolies that reduce competitiveness
in industry;
04
Increase in the cost of doing business in the
country
05
Waste in the resources for
development, which postpones the poor
Filipino escape from poverty.
06
10. COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC
AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SERVICE
Anti-Graft and Corruption Practices
Corruption means a “failure to carry out proper or public
responsibilities because of the pursuit of personal gain.” In many
countries, graft and corruption has indeed become a culture or a way of
life. The culture of graft and corruption is an administrative issue since
time, particularly in underdeveloped societies, and the Philippines is
privy to this. In most cases, corruption has a material or narrowly
financial character, its most particular political manifestation is bribery
or sleaze. Regarding politics, corruption is understood with officials
performing their public tasks improperly in order to receive individual
repayment.
4
11. 4
Anti-Graft and Corruption Practices
A.
Persuading, inducing or influencing
another public officer to perform an
act constituting a violation of rules
and regulations or an offense in
connection with official duties or
allowing himself to be persuaded,
induced or influenced to commit
such violation or offense;
B.
Directly or indirectly requesting
or receiving any gift for himself
or for any other person in
connection with any contract
between the government and
other party;
12. 4
Anti-Graft and Corruption Practices
C.
Accepting or having any
member of his family accept
employee in a private enterprise
which has pending official
business with him;
D.
Causing and undue injury to
any party, including the
government or giving any
private party any unwarranted
benefits in the discharge of
his official functions;
13. 4
Anti-Graft and Corruption Practices
E.
Neglecting or refusing without
sufficient justification to act
within a reasonable time on any
matter pending before him;
F.
Entering, or behalf of the
government, into any contract
that is grossly
disadvantageous to the
government;
14. 4
Anti-Graft and Corruption Practices
G.
Directly or indirectly having
financial interest in any
business or contract or in
connection with which he
intervenes or takes part in his
official capacity;
H.
Directly or indirectly
becoming interested for
personal gain in any
transaction or act requiring
the approval of the board,
panel or group of which he is
a part;
15. 4
Anti-Graft and Corruption Practices
I.
Knowingly approving or
granting any license, permit in
favor of any person not
qualified;
J.
Divulging valuable
information of a confidential
character.
16. COPING WITH CORRUPTION THROUGH WORK ETHIC
AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN PUBLIC SERVICE
Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials
and Employees (RA6713)
In 1989, the Philippine legislature passed RA 6713, a law
embodying the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for
Public Officials and Employees. According to a Civil Service
Commission Report on Ethics and Accountability in 2000, it is
said that the Code spells out in fine details the do’s and don’ts for
government officials and employees in and out of the workplace.
These do’s and don’ts are encapsulated in the eight norms of
conduct to be observed by all government officials and
employees.
5