COPD is a progressive disease comprising conditions like emphysema and chronic bronchitis that obstruct airflow and complicate breathing, with symptoms often appearing only after significant lung damage. Main causes include smoking, exposure to pollutants and irritants, and genetic factors, with treatment focusing on symptom management and lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, and regular exercise. While there is no cure for COPD, therapies are available to control symptoms and improve lung health.