The document discusses the components and operation of a vehicle's conventional drive train, including the clutch assembly, transmission, and engine characteristics. It notes that the internal combustion engine does not naturally provide constant output power over its full range like a series wound DC motor or steam engine. As such, an internal combustion engine requires a transmission to optimize its performance for vehicular applications.

1. Conventional Drive Train of a
Vehicle

2. Layout of Transmission

3. Clutch Assembly

4. Torque Transmission Capacity of Friction Clutch
µ - Coeff. of Friction of rubbing surfaces
P – Force normal to the discs
R – Mean radius of friction faces

5. Clutch Engagement

6. Clutch Disc Assembly and Pressure Plate Assembly

7. Typical Five Speed Transmission

8. Gearbox

9. Engine Characteristics

10. For vehicular applications, the ideal performance characteristics
of a power plant are constant output power over the full range.
•The engine output torque varies with speed hyperbolically.
•This characteristic will provide the vehicle with high tractive
effort at low speeds where demands for acceleration, drawbar
pull or grade climbing capability are high.
•The series wound DC motor and steam engine provide such
characteristics.
•The internal combustion engine has less favorable performance
characteristics, and can be used only with a suitable
transmission.
Comments on Engine Characteristics