This study analyzed samples from cattle in Tamil Nadu, India to detect Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), which causes paratuberculosis. ELISA and PCR tests found MAP antibodies or DNA in 17.41% and 12.19% of samples respectively. Testing of 486 samples from Chennai and surrounding areas found 16.04% positive by ELISA. Younger cattle, especially heifers, had higher positivity rates than older cattle with multiple calvings.

1. Conventional and molecular surveillance of
paratuberculosis in Tamil Nadu
Vinodh Kumar,O.R
Division of Epidemiology
ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute
Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India

5. A1 , B1- negative control
C1, D1 – positive control

6. A1, A2-
positive
control
B1, B2 –
negative
control
Gamma interferon assay (Bovigam,Biocor,USA)

7. A1 , B1- negative control
C1, D1 – positive control
Out of 1034 sera samples tested
126 (12.24 % ) were positive to
MAP IgG antibodies.
ELISA on 486 samples which
represented Chennai and sub
urban areas showed 78 were
positive (16.04%).
Seropositivity in 460 sheep
brought for slaughter at the local
abattoir showed 44 (9.56%)
were positive by ELISA

10. Districts Number of
samples
PCR Positives Percentage
Salem 220 54 24.55
Karur 37 4 10.81
Namakkal 35 6 17.14
Dharmapuri 41 5 12.20
Krishnagiri 28 4 14.29
Erode 82 15 18.29
Trichy 141 17 12.06
Perambalur 67 15 22.39
Ariyalur 25 7 28.00
Dindigul 72 8 11.11
Madurai 156 31 19.87
Thanjavur 37 4 10.81
Coimbatore 93 10 10.75
1034 180 17.41

11. Calvings Number
of
samples
ELISA Positivity
%
PCR Positivity
%
AFB Positivity
%
Heifer 32 14 43.75 21 65.63 17 53.13
First calving 87 19 21.84 24 27.59 4 4.60
Second
calving
527 57 10.82 92 17.46 38 7.21
Third calving 308 28 9.09 55 17.86 28 9.09
Fourth
calving
64 12 18.75 2 3.13 4 6.25
Fifth calving 16 9 56.25 6 37.50 0 0.00
Calvings vs percentage positivity

12. Districts Number of samples AFB positives Percentage
Salem 220 20 9.09
Karur 37 2 5.41
Namakkal 35 1 2.86
Dharmapuri 41 2 4.88
Krishnagiri 28 1 3.57
Erode 82 7 8.54
Trichy 141 12 8.51
Perambalur 67 5 7.46
Ariyalur 25 3 12.00
Dindigul 72 4 5.56
Madurai 156 12 7.69
Thanjavur 37 2 5.41
Coimbatore 93 8 8.60
1034 79 7.64

13. Districts Number of
samples
ELISA
positives
Percentage
Salem 220 40 18.18
Karur 37 2 5.41
Namakkal 35 3 8.57
Dharmapuri 41 3 7.32
Krishnagiri 28 2 7.14
Erode 82 8 9.76
Trichy 141 15 10.64
Perambalur 67 12 17.91
Ariyalur 25 2 8.00
Dindigul 72 7 9.72
Madurai 156 23 14.74
Thanjavur 37 2 5.41
Coimbatore 93 7 7.53
1034 126 12.19

18. Thank you