explaining contraception to young adults.

1. CONTRACEPTION
FRANK SANTOS
HE 230 OL
PROJECT/ PRESENTATION
3/15/16

2. METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION
• Behavioral
• Hormonal
• Barrier
- Spermicides

3. BEHAVIORAL METHODS
• Predicting fertility: Basal Body Temperature
and Calendar Method
• Withdrawal/ Pullout Method
• Abstinence
- The only 100% effective way to prevent
pregnancy, STIs, HIV/ AIDs

4. WITHDRAWAL/ PULLOUT METHOD
• What is it?
• The man takes his penis out of the
vagina before he ejaculates.
• How is works?
• Male needs to ejaculate away from
female; sperm on legs and labia can still
travel into vagina
• Effectiveness: 78-96%

5. HORMONAL METHODS
• The Pill
• The Patch
• Vaginal Ring
• The Shot
• Implant
• IUD
• Emergency Contraception
• These methods add chemicals similar to
hormones to stop the release of an egg and
weaken the sperm.

6. THE PILL
• What is it?
• A pill taken orally every day at about the same time.
• Information about the Pill:
• There are many different brads.
• Side Effects:
• Your period can occur monthly, every 3 months, or not at all.
• Access: Any pharmacy
• Effectiveness: 91- 99.7%

7. THE PATCH
• What is it?
• A bandage – like a patch that sticks to your
skin.
• How to use?
• Change weekly
• No patch on the 4th week
• How it works?
• Hormones are absorbed through the skin.
• Less effective if you weight over 198
pounds.
• Side effects: May cause skin irritation.
• Access: Prescription needed.
• Effectiveness: 91-99.7%

8. VAGINAL RING
• What is it?
• A clear, soft, flexible 2 inch circle worn in the
vagina.
• How it works?
• The body absorbs hormones from the ring
through vaginal wall.
• The ring is inserted and left in the vagina for 3
weeks.
• Access: Prescription needed
• Effectiveness: 91-99.7%

9. THE SHOT
• What is it?
• A long acting hormone injection.
• How it works?
• Female is given a shot one time every 3
months.
• Side effects:
• Not reversible
• It make take a long time to get pregnant after
the shot
• More chance of weight gain.
• Access: Clinic/ doctor visit every 3 months
• Effectiveness: 94-99.8%

10. THE IMPLANT
• What is it?
• A soft road 1 ½ inches long placed under the skin in
your upper arm.
• How it works?
• Slowly releases hormones into your system.
• Can be taken out at any time.
• Access: Clinic/ doctor visit needed every 3 years
• Effectiveness: 99.95%

11. INTRA UTERINE DEVICE (IUD)
• What is it?
• A small plastic “T” with a string inserted into the uterus.
• How it works?
• Release synthetic progestin hormone that changes cervical,
fallopian tubes and the uterine lining. Stops or slows sperm
and egg.
• Last 5 years.
• Access: Clinic/ doctor visit needed for insertion and
removal.
• Effectiveness: 99.8%

12. EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION (MORNING
AFTER PILL)
• What is it?
• A pill or combination of pills you take after sex to
prevent pregnancy.
• How it works?
• Contains a higher dosage of the same hormones found
in regular birth control.
• Access: Available at pharmacy for girls 17+,
prescription is needed if less than 17 years old.
• Effectiveness: Approximately 95% if taken within
24 hours of unprotected sex.

13. BARRIER METHODS
• Male condoms
• Female condoms
• Spermicides

14. MALE CONDOMS
• What is it?
• A thin covering, made of latex, polyurethane, or
animal membrane.
• How to use?
• Put on before any genital contact. At withdrawal,
hold the rim in place at the base of the penis so it
does not slip off.
• Access: Easy to buy in a store, usually free at
a health clinic.
• Effectiveness: 82-98%

15. FEMALE CONDOMS
• What is it?
• A soft, loose pouch that is inserted in the vagina.
• How to use?
• Insert the small ring in vagina, large ring stays
outside partially covering labia.
• Access: Available at many pharmacies, clinics
and online.
• Effectiveness: 79-95%

16. SPERMICIDES
• Cream
• Gel
• Foam
• Film
• Suppositor
y
• Sponge
• What is it?
• Chemicals that go in
the vagina before sex
and kills sperm.
• Access: Easy to buy in a
pharmacy.
• Effectiveness: 72-91%

17. REFERENCES
• What's shiny & new? (n.d.). Retrieved March 15, 2016, from
http://www.scarleteen.com/
• Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS). (2015).
Retrieved March 15, 2016, from
http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/index.htm
• Birth Control Methods - Birth Control Options. (n.d.). Retrieved
March 15, 2016, from
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control