10. What is the most effective
method of preventing
pregnancy and STIs?
Abstinence
11. •avoiding vaginal intercourse (penis to vagina sex),
•avoiding oral (mouth to penis or vagina sex) and
anal intercourse (penis to anus sex), or
•avoiding genital contact (any type of direct
touching of the partner's penis or vagina)
Abstaining is not necessarily forever, and it is not
only for virgins.
What is abstinence?
12. • Abstinence is the only 100% effective
method against STIs and pregnancy if you
do not have vaginal, anal, oral sex or skin to
skin contact.
• What are alternative ways that a person
who is abstinent can be intimate with a
partner?
Abstinence
14. The pill
• A hormonal method that contains:
a. estrogen and progesterone or
b. progesterone only
• Prevents the release of a mature egg
• Thickens cervical mucous
• Changes the lining of the uterus
• Typical effectiveness rate is 91%
15.
16. Transdermal patch
• A patch that releases hormones through the
skin
• Thin, smooth and beige patch
• Prevents the release of a mature egg
• Thickens cervical mucous
• Changes the lining of the uterus
• Typical effectiveness rate is 91%
17.
18. Nuva Ring (vaginal ring)
• Soft and flexible ring, inserted into the vagina
• The ring slowly releases hormones while in the
vagina for 3 weeks
• Prevents the release of a mature egg
• Thickens cervical mucous
• Changes the lining of the uterus
• Typical effectiveness rate is 91%
19.
20. Depo Provera – Injectable
contraceptive
• An injection of progestin administered every
12 to 13 weeks
• Prevents the release of a mature egg
• Thickens cervical mucous
• Changes the lining of the uterus
• Typical effectiveness rate is 94%
21.
22. Intrauterine Contraception -IUC
• T-Shaped device that is inserted in the uterus
by a Doctor or Nurse Practitioner
• Two types of IUC:
– the Copper intrauterine device (no hormone)
– the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system
(contains a progestin)
• Typical effectiveness rate is 99.8%
23.
24. Hormonal methods of birth control
• Side effects that may occur during the first few
months on hormonal contraception include :
irregular bleeding, spotting
nausea
mood swings
bloating
breast tenderness
headaches
25. Emergency contraception
• Can be taken up to 5 days after intercourse
• The sooner it is taken, the better it works
• Delays or prevents the release of an egg
• May prevent implementation of a fertilized egg
• 95 % effective if taken within 24 hours after
intercourse
• 85% effective if taken 25-48 hours after intercourse
• 58% effective if taken 49-72 hours after intercourse
27. Condom
• Thin latex or polyurethane that fits over an erect
penis
• Catches sperm during ejaculation to prevent it from
entering the vaginal/cervical canal
• Typical effectiveness is 82%
• Reduces but does not eliminate the spread of STIs
and HIV
• Demonstration
28.
29. Condom (female)
• Polyurethane sheath inserted into the vagina
• Provides a physical barrier to prevent sperm
from entering cervical canal
• Sperm is trapped in the condom, which is
thrown away after use
• Typical effectiveness rate is 79%
30.
31. Sponge and Spermicides
• The sponge is a soft, disposable, device with a
spermicide
• Typical effectiveness is 76%-88%
• Fits over the cervix
• Traps and absorbs sperm to increase effect of
spermicide
• Spermicide in the sponge disables the sperm
• Effective for up to 12 hours
• Spermicides disable sperm
• Typical effectiveness is 88%onge
36. The Clinic
• Located at 50 King St at the corner of King
and Ridout by Budweiser Gardens
• Birth control clinic, STI clinic and needle
exchange
• Free testing and treatment of most STIs
• Inexpensive birth control and morning after
pill
