Physical methods of contraception By: Wasil Aswadi, MD

1. Physical Methods of
Contraception
M. Wasil Aswadi

2. Contents
• Physical methods
• Condoms
• Sponge
• Diaphragm
• Cervical cap
• Advantages of all barrier methods

3. Physical methods
• Preventing sperm from passing through
• Preventing STDs on many occasions
• Types of physical barriers
– Condoms
– Sponge
– Diaphragm
– Cervical cap
• Other physical methods
– Pull-out method
– Spermicidal agent

4. Condoms
• Should be used with lubricants
• Two types of condoms
– Male condoms
– Female condoms
• Male condom
– A thin sheath made of latex, polyurethane, or natural
– Provides protection against many STDs
• Female condom
– A thin plastic pouch
– Having an inner ring and an outer ring

5. Condoms
• Benefits of condoms
– Do not cost very much
– Can be bought over-the-counter
– Protect against STDs
– No effects on natural hormones
– Can be used while breast-feeding
• Risks and side effects
– Allergic reaction to latex or polyurethane
cont’

6. Sponge
• A doughnut-shaped device made of soft foam coated
with spermicide
• Inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix
• Does not protect against STDs
• Risks and side effects
– Toxic shock syndrome
– Vaginal irritation
– Allergic reaction to sulfites and spermicide

7. Diaphragm
• A small dome-shaped device that fits inside the
vagina and covers the cervix
• Made of latex or silicone
• Needs to be fitted by a healthcare provider
• Risks and side effects
– Toxic shock syndrome
– UTI
– Allergic reaction to latex

8. Cervical cap
• A small plastic dome that fits tightly over the cervix
• Having a strap used for removal
• Must be fitted and prescribed by a healthcare
provider
• Should not be used during menstrual periods
• Risks and side effects
– Toxic shock syndrome
– UTI
– Vaginal irritation and odor

9. Advantages of all barrier methods
• No effects on a woman's or man's future fertility
• Only used at the time of sexual intercourse
• Safe for a woman to use while she is breast-feeding
• No effects on other health conditions, such as high
blood pressure or diabetes
• Less expensive than hormonal methods of birth
control

10. Thank you