A consumer purchased seeds that did not germinate. The seller claimed the purchase was for commercial purposes, not covered under the Act. However, purchasing seeds for agriculture is not a commercial purpose.
A person applied for electricity connection but it was not provided. Grievances regarding services like electricity fall under the Consumer Protection Act.
An insurance claim was rejected because the driver did not have a valid license. However, issues regarding insurance policies can be addressed in Consumer Courts.
A person registered for a housing scheme where prices increased multiple times. Grievances against housing boards regarding such schemes are covered by the Consumer Protection Act.
A person can sue military doctors and hospitals for negligence and deficient service
Protection of consumer’s rights continues to remain a public policy concern the world over. Keeping in view the framework of the UN guidelines on consumer protection which emerged from these growing concerns, the Consumer Protection Act was enacted by the Indian Parliament on December 24, 1986.
Consumer protection act 1986 - Legal Environment of Business - Business Law ...manumelwin
The consumer protection Act was enacted in 1986 to provide better protection to the interests of the consumers.
The primary object of the Act is the establishment of Consumer Councils and other authorities for the settlement of Consumer disputes.
By spelling out the rights and remedies of the consumers in a market so far dominated by organized manufacturers and traders of goods and providers of various types of services, the Act makes buyer beware a thing of the past.
Need for consumer protection act in an era of free competition where consumer...amit maity
Derived from two Greek words:“Monos” means single
“Poly” means seller
Monopoly is a term used by economists to refer to the situation in which there is a single seller of a product (i.e., a good or service) for which there are no close substitutes.
Monopolies exist because of barriers to entry into the market that prevents competition.
Consumer protection act 1986, India. Incorporation, Who is consumer, objectives, Councils and redressal agencies. This is a detailed presentation made by myself and my team for the presentation at the School of Management Sciences in IIEST, Shibpur
Protection of consumer’s rights continues to remain a public policy concern the world over. Keeping in view the framework of the UN guidelines on consumer protection which emerged from these growing concerns, the Consumer Protection Act was enacted by the Indian Parliament on December 24, 1986.
Consumer protection act 1986 - Legal Environment of Business - Business Law ...manumelwin
The consumer protection Act was enacted in 1986 to provide better protection to the interests of the consumers.
The primary object of the Act is the establishment of Consumer Councils and other authorities for the settlement of Consumer disputes.
By spelling out the rights and remedies of the consumers in a market so far dominated by organized manufacturers and traders of goods and providers of various types of services, the Act makes buyer beware a thing of the past.
Need for consumer protection act in an era of free competition where consumer...amit maity
Derived from two Greek words:“Monos” means single
“Poly” means seller
Monopoly is a term used by economists to refer to the situation in which there is a single seller of a product (i.e., a good or service) for which there are no close substitutes.
Monopolies exist because of barriers to entry into the market that prevents competition.
Consumer protection act 1986, India. Incorporation, Who is consumer, objectives, Councils and redressal agencies. This is a detailed presentation made by myself and my team for the presentation at the School of Management Sciences in IIEST, Shibpur
this is a very short notes and which will be very easy to learn. it helps you out in your exam. please do read it. hope you like this presentation. if there is any mistake please do let me know in comment box. thank you.
CPA act provides different clauses and provisions to protect the well defined interests of consumers.
This PPT defines various terms and concepts used in the act, and also the governing bodies as defined in CPA 1986.
The Consumer Protection Act, 1986 was enacted to provide a simpler and quicker access to redressal of consumer grievances. The Act for the first time introduced the concept of 'consumer' and conferred express additional rights on him.
A business is usually defined as a commercial enterprise
Some are run by only one person who carry out all of the required functions
Others employ thousands of people and provide goods and services to people all over the world
Each business can be defined or described by its type of Ownership, the goods produced or services offered, the types of jobs provided, or the functions
it performs in a community
A case study is a detailed study of a specific subject, such as a person, group, place, event, organization, or phenomenon. Case studies are commonly used in social, educational, clinical, and business research
Human transformation is an internal shift that brings us in alignment with our highest potential. It is at the heart of every major aspect of our lives. It affects how we see and relate to the world and how we understand our place in it.
Entrepreneurship is the ability and readiness to develop, organize and run a business enterprise, along with any of its uncertainties in order to make a profit. The most prominent example of entrepreneurship is the starting of new businesses.
What Is Entrepreneurship
In economics, entrepreneurship connected with land, labour, natural resources and capital can generate a profit. The entrepreneurial vision is defined by discovery and risk-taking and is an indispensable part of a nation’s capacity to succeed in an ever-changing and more competitive global marketplace.
The entrepreneur is defined as someone who has the ability and desire to establish, administer and succeed in a startup venture along with risk entitled to it, to make profits. The best example of entrepreneurship is the starting of a new business venture. The entrepreneurs are often known as a source of new ideas or innovators, and bring new ideas in the market by replacing old with a new invention.
It can be classified into small or home business to multinational companies. In economics, the profits that an entrepreneur makes is with a combination of land, natural resources, labour and capital.
In a nutshell, anyone who has the will and determination to start a new company and deals with all the risks that go with it can become an Entrepreneur.
The word ‘Research’ is comprised of two words Re + Search.
It means to search again. So research means a systematic investigation or activity to gain new knowledge of the already existing facts.
MS-WORD is a part of the bigger package called MS OFFICE, which can do much more than word processing. fact when you open up MS OFFICE you will find four main components in it.
They are MS-WORD (for word processing), MS EXCEL (for spreadsheet), MS ACCESS (for database management), and MS POWERPOINT (for presentation purposes). However, we will limit ourselves to MS-WORD only in this presentation.
PROJECT REPORT, PROJECT REPORT ON COLD STORAGE, PROJECT FINANCE, CAPACITY, TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT, COOL CHAMBER, CAPACITY UTILIZATION, METHODS OF STORAGE, PATTERN OF ASSISTANCE, BASIC DESIGN OF THE COLD ROOM, ANALYSIS OF COST OF COOL CHAMBER, etc.
PROJECT FINANCE, INTRODUCTION, CONCEPT OF PROJECT, TYPES OF PROJECT, MEANING OF PROJECT FINANCING, FEATURES OF PROJECT FINANCING, ADVANTAGES OF PROJECT FINANCING, DISADVANTAGES OF PROJECT FINANCING, etc.
LINEAR ALGEBRA, WITH OPTIMIZATION; VECTORS & MATRICES, LINEAR SUB-SPACES, LINEAR INDEPENDENCE & DIMENSION; MATRIX SUB-SPACES, MATRIX RANK, MATRIX INVERSE, SYSTEMS OF EQUATIONS, etc.
BUSINESS STUDIES PROJECT ON PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENTCHARAK RAY
BUSINESS STUDIES PROJECT ON PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS STUDIES PROJECT REPORT ON PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS STUDIES PROJECT REPORT ON PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT OF A SWEETS MAKING COMPANY.
BUSINESS STUDIES PROJECT ON MARKETING MANAGEMENTCHARAK RAY
BUSINESS STUDIES PROJECT ON MARKETING MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS STUDIES PROJECT REPORT ON MARKETING MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS STUDIES PROJECT ON MARKETING MANAGEMENT OF A PIZZA MAKING COMPANY.
In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
Car Accident Injury Do I Have a Case....Knowyourright
Every year, thousands of Minnesotans are injured in car accidents. These injuries can be severe – even life-changing. Under Minnesota law, you can pursue compensation through a personal injury lawsuit.
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018
ALL EYES ON RAFAH BUT WHY Explain more.pdf46adnanshahzad
All eyes on Rafah: But why?. The Rafah border crossing, a crucial point between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, often finds itself at the center of global attention. As we explore the significance of Rafah, we’ll uncover why all eyes are on Rafah and the complexities surrounding this pivotal region.
INTRODUCTION
What makes Rafah so significant that it captures global attention? The phrase ‘All eyes are on Rafah’ resonates not just with those in the region but with people worldwide who recognize its strategic, humanitarian, and political importance. In this guide, we will delve into the factors that make Rafah a focal point for international interest, examining its historical context, humanitarian challenges, and political dimensions.
Military Commissions details LtCol Thomas Jasper as Detailed Defense CounselThomas (Tom) Jasper
Military Commissions Trial Judiciary, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Notice of the Chief Defense Counsel's detailing of LtCol Thomas F. Jasper, Jr. USMC, as Detailed Defense Counsel for Abd Al Hadi Al-Iraqi on 6 August 2014 in the case of United States v. Hadi al Iraqi (10026)
A "File Trademark" is a legal term referring to the registration of a unique symbol, logo, or name used to identify and distinguish products or services. This process provides legal protection, granting exclusive rights to the trademark owner, and helps prevent unauthorized use by competitors.
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How to Obtain Permanent Residency in the NetherlandsBridgeWest.eu
You can rely on our assistance if you are ready to apply for permanent residency. Find out more at: https://immigration-netherlands.com/obtain-a-permanent-residence-permit-in-the-netherlands/.
Responsibilities of the office bearers while registering multi-state cooperat...Finlaw Consultancy Pvt Ltd
Introduction-
The process of register multi-state cooperative society in India is governed by the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act, 2002. This process requires the office bearers to undertake several crucial responsibilities to ensure compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks. The key office bearers typically include the President, Secretary, and Treasurer, along with other elected members of the managing committee. Their responsibilities encompass administrative, legal, and financial duties essential for the successful registration and operation of the society.
NATURE, ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.pptxanvithaav
These slides helps the student of international law to understand what is the nature of international law? and how international law was originated and developed?.
The slides was well structured along with the highlighted points for better understanding .
2. CONSUMER PROTECTION ACT
• Enacted by the Parliament in 1986
• To provide for better protection of interest of consumers.
• To make provisions for the establishment of Consumer Councils and other
authorities for the settlement of consumer disputes.
3. WHO IS A CONSUMER?
• Consumer is one who
• Buys any goods for a consideration and includes a hire-purchaser;
• Any user of such goods for consideration but excludes one, who obtains for re-sale
or for commercial purposes;
• Hires a service for consideration and includes a beneficiary of such service, if
availed of with the approval of the hirer.
4. DEFICIENCY - SERVICE
• ‘Deficiency’ means
• a fault, imperfection, shortcoming or inadequacy in quality,
nature, or manner of performance than is required.
• ‘Service’ includes
• service in connection with banking, financing, insurance,
transport, processing, supply of electrical and other energy,
boarding or lodging, housing construction, entertainment,
amusement or purveying of news and other information
• but does not include any service free of charge or under a
personal contract.
5. WHAT IS A COMPLAINT?
• An allegation in writing by a complainant that:
• An unfair or restrictive trade practice is practised by
trader or service provider
• Goods bought or to be bought or services hired or to
be hired suffered from any deficiency
• Trader or service provider has charged excess price
• Goods and services are hazardous or are likely to be
hazardous to life and safety.
6. WHO IS A COMPLAINANT?
• A consumer
• Any voluntary consumer association registered under
the Companies Act or any other law
• Central or State Government, if it makes a complaint
• One or more consumers having same interest
• In case of death of a consumer, his legal heir or
representative.
A Consumer Dispute arises when a
complaint is denied or disputed.
7. MACHINERY UNDER THE ACT
• Central Consumer Protection Council
• to be established by Central Government
• State Consumer Protection Council
• to be established by State Government
• District Consumer Protection Council
• to be established by State Government for every district
8. CONSUMER DISPUTE REDRESSAL
MACHINERY
• There are Consumer Fora at the District, State and National level
• District Forum – At the District level
• State Commission – At the State level
• National Commission – At the National level
9. PECUNIARY JURISDICTION
• Forum where complaints can be entertained
• Depends on value of goods and service and compensation
claimed
• Limits are :
• District Forum
• not exceeding Rs.20 lakhs
• State Commission
• exceeds Rs.20 lakhs but does not exceed Rs.1 Crore
• National Commission
• exceeds Rs.1 Crore.
10. TERRITORIAL JURISDICTION
• Territorial Jurisdiction lies in the court of the place
• Where the opposite party resides or carries on business or personally works for
gain
• Where the cause of action wholly or partly arose.
11. DISPOSAL OF DISPUTES
• District Forum may
• ask the opposite party to remove the defect,
• replace the goods with new goods and free from defect
• to return to the complainant the price of goods or
• to pay any amount as compensation
• Appeals to be preferred within thirty days
• from the order of the District Forum to the State Commission and
• from the order of the State Commission to the National Commission
• Can entertain appeals beyond thirty days
• on sufficient cause shown for the delay
It has to be disposed within ninety days from its admission.
12. TIME LIMIT FOR FILING COMPLAINT
• Within two years from the date on which the cause of action arises
• Even where the time limit expires, the complaint can be taken up
• provided complainant is able to satisfy the Forum or Commission about the
reasonableness in the delay
• The delay for every single day has to be explained.
13. WHAT ARE THE RIGHTS OF A
‘CONSUMER’?
• Protection from hazardous goods and services
• Information about the quality, quantity, purity, standard and price
• Access to a variety of goods and services at competitive prices.
• Assurance that his interest will be considered at appropriate fora
• The right to consumer education
14. PROBLEM - 1
• A had purchased seeds from a party.
• The seeds did not germinate.
• The party which supplied seeds took the plea that A was not a consumer.
• Is purchase of seeds for the purpose of agriculture, a purchase for
commercial purpose?
15. PROBLEM - 2
• A had applied for electricity connection.
• However, power supply was not provided to A.
• Can A seek redressal of his grievance in Consumer Court?
16. PROBLEM - 3
• A’s car met with an accident.
• The insurance claim was rejected on the ground that A’s driver was not
holding valid driving license.
• Should A approach a Consumer Court for seeking the Insurance claim?
17. PROBLEM - 4
• A’s grievance is that he had registered with the M.I.G. Scheme of the
Haryana Housing Board.
• The board had escalated the price of the flats three times within a period
of two years.
• Does his case lie within the jurisdiction of Consumer Fora?
18. PROBLEM - 5
• A registered letter sent to A was not delivered.
• What is the liability of an employee of the Post Office in this matter?
19. PROBLEM - 6
• A injured his knee in a game of football.
• It was diagnosed as ACL TEAR.
• For that, he was operated upon in the knee.
• After the operation his knee developed stiffness, which is unusual in
such cases.
• Even after undergoing physiotherapy for two months he was unable
to bend or straighten his knee.
• So after two months of operation his knee was manipulated under
anesthesia to relieve stiffness.
• A plaster was put on he knee for one month.
20. • He was told to start walking.
• He used to walk with a limp.
• For about 8 months he continued to walk with a limp.
• Then, his condition deteriorated and he had to start using
crutches to move around.
• Both operations were carried out in military hospitals, and
they were done free of cost since he was serving in army.
• Can he sue the doctors and the hospital for negligence and
deficiency of service under Consumer Protection Act?