The document discusses different connectors that can be used to link clauses that provide reason, purpose, or contrast. It provides examples of using connectors like "because", "in order to", and "despite" followed by clauses, nouns, gerunds, or the fact that to connect two ideas and properly indicate their relationship.

1. CONNECTORS OF REASON,
PURPOSE AND CONTRAST

2. • SHE DECIDED NOT TO GO TO ENGLISH CLASS
_______ IT WAS SUNNY AND SHE FELT LIKE
GOING TO THE BEACH

3. reason
(FOLLOWED BY A CLAUSE: AS, BECAUSE,SINCE)
• SHE DECIDED NOT TO GO TO ENGLISH CLASS
AS/BECAUSE/SINCE IT WAS SUNNY AND
SHE FELT LIKE GOING TO THE BEACH

4. • SHE DIDN’T GET TO SCHOOL UNTIL 10 AM
___________________ THE TRAIN STRIKE.
• SHE DIDN’T GET TO SCHOOL UNTIL 10AM
_____________________________
THE FACT THAT THERE WAS A TRAIN STRIKE.

5. reason
(FOLLOWED BY A NOUN or the fact that)
• SHE DIDN’T GET TO SCHOOL UNTIL 10 AM THE
BECAUSE OF/OWING TO/DUE TO
THE TRAIN STRIKE.
• SHE DIDN’T GET TO SCHOOL UNTIL 10AM
BECAUSE OF/OWING TO/DUE TO THE
FACT THAT THERE WAS A TRAIN STRIKE.

6. • SHE REVISED ALL NIGHT _____________ SHE
COULD PASS HER EXAM

7. purpose
(FOLLOWED BY A CLAUSE)
• SHE REVISED ALL NIGHT
SO THAT/ IN ORDER THAT SHE COULD
PASS HER EXAM

8. • SHE REVISED ALL NIGHT
_____________PASS HER EXAM

9. purpose
(FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE)
• SHE REVISED ALL NIGHT
TO / IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO
PASS HER EXAM

10. • He went to work _____________ feeling
unwell
• He went to work __________ his illness
• He went to work __________ the fact that he
wasn’t feeling well

11. Contrast
(FOLLOWED BY –ING, NOUN OR the fact that)
• He went to work DESPITE/IN SPITE OF feeling
unwell
• He went to work DESPITE/IN SPITE OF his
illness
• He went to work DESPITE/IN SPITE OF the fact
that he wasn’t feeling well

12. • HE WENT TO WORK _______________ HE
DIDN’T FEEL WELL

13. Contrast
(FOLLOWED BY CLAUSE)
• HE WENT TO WORK EVEN
THOUGH/ALTHOUGH/THOUGH
HE DIDN’T FEEL WELL

14. • THIS MAN LOOKS HAPPY
____________________________ THE OTHER
LOOKS SAD

15. Contrast (but not
contradiction)
(FOLLOWED BY CLAUSE)
• THIS MAN LOOKS HAPPY WHILE/WHEREAS
THE OTHER LOOKS SAD