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Peer-to-Peer and live streaming: 10 years of academic research
The document reviews a decade of academic research on peer-to-peer (P2P) live streaming, discussing its structures, algorithms, and disruptions. Key topics include neighbor discovery methods, network coding for bandwidth optimization, and challenges such as implementing rate-adaptive mechanisms on smartphones. The conclusion highlights achievements in reducing control traffic and adapting to dynamic populations while noting unresolved issues in the field.
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Peer-to-Peer and live streaming: 10 years of academic research
- 1. Peer-to-Peer and live streaming 10years of academic research Gwendal Simon
- 2. The Academic Bubble B.Li et al. Rise and fall of the peer-to-peer empire. 2 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 3. Academic vs. IndustrialWorld 3 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 4. What is aPeer ? px = + 4 / 14 Gwendal Simon + P2P live streaming
- 5. What is aPeer ? px = + + Ex : PeerJS, Adobe Cirrus 4 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 6. What is aPeer ? px = + + Ex : µTP, STUN Ex : PeerJS, Adobe Cirrus 4 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 7. First There Wasa Structure source s p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 5 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 8. First There Wasa Structure source s p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 5 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 9. First There Wasa Structure Weaknesses Leaves do not contribute source Crash affects many peers s Structure is not reactive p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 5 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 10. First There Wasa Structure source s p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 5 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 11. First There Wasa Structure Weaknesses No multi-layer video source s Maintaining cost Structure is not reactive p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 5 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 12. Disruption 6 / 14 GwendalSimon P2P live streaming
- 13. Disruption cut 6 / 14 cont ent GwendalSimon into chun ks P2P live streaming
- 14. Disruption cut 6 / 14 cont kmap share chun ent Gwendal Simon into chun ks P2P live streaming
- 15. Disruption ing ad wnlo d do se ll-ba pu cut 6 /14 cont k map share chun ent Gwendal Simon into chun ks P2P live streaming
- 16. Disruption ing ad wnlo d do se ll-ba pu random mesht opology cut 6 / 14 cont k map share chun ent Gwendal Simon into chun ks P2P live streaming
- 17. Mesh Networks source s p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 7 /14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 18. Mesh Networks source Every round: s 1. Share chunk map p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 7 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 19. Mesh Networks source Every round: s 1. Share chunk map 2. Request chunks p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 7 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 20. Mesh Networks source Every round: s 1. Share chunk map c7 2. Request chunks c7 3. Send chunks p5 c8 c6 p1 c5 c6 p6 c3 p7 c5 p8 c3 c4 p2 c5 c4 p3 7 / 14 Gwendal Simon p4 P2P live streaming
- 21. Sliding Windows (examplewith one peer) ... lag The chunk generated at the source s 8 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 22. Sliding Windows (examplewith one peer) ... lag The most recent chunk a peer at k hops from s can get The most recent chunk a peer at 1 hop from s can get The chunk generated at the source s 8 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 23. Sliding Windows (examplewith one peer) ... lag The most recent chunk a peer at k hops from s can get The most recent chunk this peer gets The most recent chunk a peer at 1 hop from s can get The chunk generated at the source s 8 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 24. Sliding Windows (examplewith one peer) ... lag The most recent chunk a peer at k hops from s can get Prioritary chunks Old chunks The most recent chunk this peer gets The most recent chunk a peer at 1 hop from s can get Displayed chunk The chunk generated at the source s 8 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 25. Main Algorithms How tofind neighbors ? 9 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 26. Main Algorithms How tofind neighbors ? Using a tracker - Random pick - Network proximity (IETF ALTO) - Test bandwidth, reputation, etc. 9 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 27. Main Algorithms How tofind neighbors ? Using a tracker - Random pick - Network proximity (IETF ALTO) - Test bandwidth, reputation, etc. Using a peer-to-peer (trackerless) system - Gossip - Distributed Hash Table 9 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 28. Main Algorithms How tofind neighbors ? Using a tracker - Random pick - Network proximity (IETF ALTO) - Test bandwidth, reputation, etc. Using a peer-to-peer (trackerless) system - Gossip - Distributed Hash Table What chunk to send to who ? 9 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 29. Main Algorithms How tofind neighbors ? Using a tracker - Random pick - Network proximity (IETF ALTO) - Test bandwidth, reputation, etc. Using a peer-to-peer (trackerless) system - Gossip - Distributed Hash Table What chunk to send to who ? Random pick Rarest chunk to the most contributing peer According to urgency 9 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 30. Commercial Success 10 /14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 31. The Network CodingRevolution source s p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 11 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 32. The Network CodingRevolution source s c2 c1 p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 11 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 p4 P2P live streaming
- 33. The Network CodingRevolution source s c2 c1 p5 p1 c2 c1 p6 c2 p7 c1 p8 p2 p3 11 / 14 Gwendal Simon p4 P2P live streaming
- 34. The Network CodingRevolution source s c2 c1 p5 p1 c2 c1 c2 p6 p8 p7 c1 ⊕ c2 c1 c1 ⊕ c2 p2 p3 p4 recall : 1100 ⊕ 1010 = 0110 11 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 35. The Network CodingRevolution source s In practice Cut the content into generations of k blocks c2 b1 , b2 , . . . , bkc.1 p5 A peer having m blocks in a generation chooses coefficients d1 , d2 , . . . , dm and encodes p1 c2 a new block : c1 c2 di · bi p6 i≤m p7 c1 p8 When a peer get k blocks, it can re-build the p2 whole generation. p3 11 / 14 Gwendal Simon p4 P2P live streaming
- 36. The Network CodingRevolution source Optimal bandwidth usage No more request (push delivery ) s c2 c1 p5 p1 c2 c1 c2 p6 c1 p8 c1 ⊕ c2 p3 11 / 14 Gwendal Simon p7 c1 ⊕ c2 p2 p4 P2P live streaming
- 37. It Just Works! 12 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 38. Toward Peer-Assisted Architectures source s datacenters s0 s1 s2 p5 p1 p6 p8 p2 p3 13/ 14 p7 Gwendal Simon p4 P2P live streaming
- 39. To Conclude 10 yearsof academic research for technologies that : Reduce control traffic Can cope with a dynamic population 14 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 40. To Conclude 10 yearsof academic research for technologies that : Reduce control traffic Can cope with a dynamic population And still some open problems How to implement rate-adaptive mechanisms ? Can it be implemented into a smartphone ? 14 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming
- 41. To Conclude 10 yearsof academic research for technologies that : Reduce control traffic Can cope with a dynamic population And still some open problems How to implement rate-adaptive mechanisms ? Can it be implemented into a smartphone ? contact : gwendal.simon@telecom-bretagne.eu 14 / 14 Gwendal Simon P2P live streaming