Conflict arises when the needs of individuals or groups are incompatible. It can occur between individuals, within groups, or between groups. Symptoms of unresolved conflict include tensions, decreased productivity, and low morale. While conflict is sometimes seen as negative, it is a natural and inevitable result of human interaction. If managed constructively through collaboration or compromise, conflict has the potential to stimulate creativity, clarify views, and enable positive social change. However, if left unaddressed it can damage relationships, polarize opinions, and reduce cooperation. The optimal level of conflict for group productivity is moderate rather than no conflict or too much conflict.

1. Conflict -
• A situation in which someone believes that his or her own
needs have been denied.
• Implies disagreement, discord, and friction among
members of a group; where words, emotions, and actions
to produce disruptive effects.
• A state of incompatibility of ideas between two or more
parties or individuals.

3. What is Conflict?
 Opposition
 A clash of opposing ideas/interest
 Disagreement
 Fight or battle
 Contention
 Hostility
 Be incompatible
 Struggle

4. Symptoms Of Conflict
 Tensions.
 Work not done properly.
 Disastrous meetings.
 Anger occurs quickly and easily.
 Absenteeism.
 Competition
 Decreased rate of interaction
 Low trust and Suspicion
 Hostility

5. Symptoms Of Conflict
 Accidents and errors become more frequent.
 Disagreements become more pronounced.
• The employee (or employees) involved display no
desire to communicate.
• Bad tempers are evident.
• Productivity is falling.
• Morale is slipping.

6. Causes of Conflict
 Opposing viewpoints or opinions
 Emotions
 Selfishness
 Breach of faith and trust
 Miscommunication or misunderstandings
 Assumptions
 Underlying stress and tension
 Ego problems

7. Levels of Conflict
Conflict can occur at three levels namely: Individual level
,Interpersonal level, Group or organizational level.

8. What About Organization?
Unrealistic
Expectations
Inadequate
Resources
CONFLICTS
Lack of
Cooperatio
n
Reduce
Energy

9. How do we see conflict
• Traditional view
– Conflict is bad
– Caused by trouble-makers
– Should be avoided
• Human Relation view
– Conflict is natural
– It is inevitable
– Cannot be eliminated
• Interactions view
– Conflict is necessary
– It can be negative or positive
– It effects group performance

10. Lack of trust
Our complaints
are trivialized
No action
gets taken! They only take
defensive
action
Types of Conflict

11. INTRAPERSONAL CONFLICT- Conflict within the
individual.
 Approach conflict: an individual must choose
among alternatives, each of which is expected to
have a positive outcome. – Functional Conflict
 Avoidance conflict: an individual must choose
among alternatives, each of which is expected to
have a negative outcome – Dysfunctional Conflict

12.  INTERGROUP CONFLICT-
An overt expressions of tensions between goals or
concerns of one group or those of another
group. There are opposing interests, group
boundaries or group differences involved.
The conflict is directly or indirectly related to culture
group identities. Sources of this type conflict
includes: Competing Goals; Competition of
Resources; Cultural Differences; Power
Discrepancies; Assimilation vs. Preservation of
micro cultural identity.

13. INTRAGROUP CONFLICT - This type of
conflict is conflict between the group
members. There are two types of conflict:
 Relationship conflict - Relationship conflict
exists when there are interpersonal
incompatibilities among group members,
which typically includes tension, animosity,
and annoyance among members within a
group.
 Task conflict - Exists when there are
disagreements among group members about
the content of the tasks being performed,
including differences in viewpoints, ideas, and
opinions.

14. Conflict Management
Conflict is inevitable, but combat
is optional. -

16. Avoiding
Accommodation
Competition
Compromise
Collaboration
Conflict Handling Styles

17. Conflict Continuum
I win, you lose (competition—A)
I lose or give in (accommodate—B)
We both get something (compromise—C)
We both “win”(collaborate—D)

18. Characteristics
1. Ignoring conflicts and hoping they’ll go away
2. Putting problems under consideration or on
hold
3. Use of secrecy to avoid confrontation
Avoiding

19. Characteristics
1. Negotiation
2. Looking for deals and trade-offs
3. Finding satisfactory or acceptable
solutions
Compromise

20. Characteristics
1. Create win-lose
situations
2. Use of power plays
3. Forcing submission
Competition

21. Characteristics
1. Giving way
2. Submission and fulfillment
Accommodation

22. Characteristics
• problem-solving carriage
• tackle differences
• sharing ideas and information
• seeing problems and conflicts as
challenges
When to use
• find an integrative solution when
both sets of concerns are
important
• objective is to learn
Collaboration

23. Is Conflict Good or Bad ?

24.  Good
Consequences of
Conflict

25.  Increased Creativity

26.  It forces people to clarify their views

27. It can produce
constructive social
change

28.  It gives people the
opportunity to test
their capacities

29.  development of group and
organization cohesion

30. Bad
Consequence
s of Conflict

31. Violence

32. Breakdown of Relationship

33. Polarization of views into static positions

34. Breakdown of
collaborative ventures

35. Destruction of
communicatio
n

36. Diverts
energy

37. Conclusion
 Conflict is neither good nor bad .It’s inevitable.
 All unresolved conflict weakens relationships
 All unresolved conflict decreases productivity &
lowers performance.
 When managed properly it can be a catalyst for
growth but when managed poorly it can be
disastrous.
 Productivity is GREATEST with a MODERATE
amount of conflict. Productivity is LOWEST when:
 There is no conflict (laissez-faire attitude)
 There is too much conflict (high anxiety, tension)
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