This document provides an overview of confined space entry safety training. It defines a confined space, lists examples, and outlines OSHA regulations. Hazards like hazardous atmospheres and engulfment are described. The presentation reviews permit requirements, atmospheric testing, safety procedures, roles of the entry team, and emergency response. It concludes with a quiz to test understanding.

1. Confined Space Entry
Presented by :Nidal Aljarmi
Lead. Mech. Tech
P&U

2. Safety Through Teamwork
“Nothing is so important
that it can not be done
safely.”

3. Training Outline
Introduction
OSHA Regulations
General Hazards
Permits
Atmospheric Testing
Safety Procedures
Training and Duties of the Confined Space Entry
Team
Review and Quiz

4. Introduction
Confined space definition:
Is large enough that an
employee can enter and
perform assigned work
Has limited or restricted
means for entry or exit
Is not designed for
continuous employee
occupancy

5. Introduction
Examples of confined spaces:
storage tanks
pits
silos
vats
tunnels
sewers
shafts
exhaust ducts

6. Introduction
Regulatory Requirements
OSHA- employee safety- permit confined
spaces- 29 CFR 1910.146
The employer must assess the workplace
to determine if hazards are present that
necessitate the use of PPE

7. Permit Space Hazards
• Hazardous atmosphere (too little or too much
oxygen, flammable or toxic air)
• Engulfment
• Danger from unexpected movement of
machinery
• Electrocution
• Heat stress
• Becoming wedged into a narrow space and
suffocating

8. Reducing Risks of Hazards
Post signs to alert employees to the dangers of
confined spaces
Use barriers to keep unauthorized employees
out of permit spaces
Develop and use a written space entry program
Conduct air monitoring and other tests to
identify and evaluate hazards in each permit
space
Ventilate, eliminate, or control the space’s
atmospheric hazards before entry into the space

9. Permits
Permit space
Purpose, date & authorized length of entry
Authorized entrants and supervisor by
name
Hazards of the identified space
Control and isolation methods
Acceptable entry conditions
Results of initial and periodic atmospheric testing
Rescue and emergency services to be summoned
Communication procedures
Equipment to be provided

11. Preparation of Permit Space
Notify all affected departments
Post signs and put up barriers to protect
entrants from traffic and pedestrians
Blind or disconnect and cap all input lines so
that no hazardous materials can enter the
space
Empty space of any materials that may be
hazardous
Verify breathing safety by air testing
Add emergency contact telephone numbers

12. Atmospheric Testing
Continuously test and monitor air in all areas
before entry
Make sure that the oxygen content is between 19.5
and 23.5 percent
List any toxic materials that could be present and
their permissible exposure limits
Evaluate heat stress potential
Control any hazards present before entry
Evacuate the space and cancel the permit if air
becomes hazardous

13. Monitors

14. Monitors
Simultaneously monitors up to four
atmospheric hazards:
carbon monoxide
flammables
hydrogen sulfide
variable oxygen levels

15. Safety Procedures
Authorized entrants can enter a permit space only
after it’s been tested and found safe for entry
The assigned entrant has to know what equipment
to use- and how to use it
Once prepared, you want to get in and do the
assigned task as quickly and efficiently as possible
Alert the attendant immediately if you recognize a
sign or symptom of exposure to a dangerous
situation

16. Training and Duties of the
Confined Space Entry Team
Duties of the Entry Supervisor:
Verifies that the permit is filled out completely
and all safety steps listed are taken, then signs
the form
Checks conditions to ensure they stay safe
throughout the work
Sees that any unauthorized people are removed
When work is complete, cancels the permit and
concludes the operation

17. Training and Duties of the
Confined Space Entry Team
Duties of the Attendant:
Maintains an accurate count of who’s in the space,
monitors activities inside and outside of the space,
and stays in touch with the entrants
Keeps unauthorized persons out of and away from an
occupied permit space
Orders evacuation of the permit space, entrants show
signs of behavioral effects of hazard exposure, or an
outside situation that could endanger the workers in
the space
Summons rescue and emergency services when
needed

18. Training and Duties of the
Confined Space Entry Team
Duties of the Entrant:
Knows the hazards of the space and signs of
exposure
Follows personal protective equipment training
carefully
Keeps in contact with the attendant, leaves
space at once if instructed to do so
Is always ready to evacuate quickly
Leaves the space and tells the attendant if there
is danger

19. Training and Duties of the
Confined Space Entry Team
Emergency and Rescue Procedures:
Self rescue
An entrant evacuates the space with no help
Non-entry rescue
Only workers trained in rescue can enter
the space for the purpose of rescue and
only when there is another attendant
present

20. Review and Quiz

21. Confined Space Quiz
1) A confined space means a space that:
A) Is large enough that an employee can
enter and perform work
B) Has limited or restricted means for entry
or exit
C) Both A&B
D) None of the above

22. Confined Space Quiz
2) Examples of confined spaces are:
A) Storage tanks, pits, silos, and vats
B) Tunnels, sewers, shafts, and exhaust
ducts
C) Offices, carpools, and shopping stores
D) A&B

23. Confined Space Quiz
3) True or False:
The employee must assess the workplace
to determine if hazards are present that
necessitate the use of PPE.

24. Confined Space Quiz
4) Which are examples of permit space
hazards?
A) Hazardous atmosphere, engulfment,
electrocution, and heat stress
B) Storage tanks, pits, silos, and vats
C) Tunnels, sewers, shafts, and exhaust
ducts
D) None of the above

25. Confined Space Quiz
5) What are some ways of reducing risks of
hazards?
A) Post signs and use of barriers
B) Develop and use a written program
C) Conduct monitoring and ventilate,
eliminate, or control the hazards of the
confined space
D) All of the Above

26. Confined Space Quiz
6) Which of the following are required on a
confined space permit?
A) Permit space, purpose, date, and authorized
entrants
B) Hazards of space, control methods,
acceptable entry, and results of entry
C) Rescue and emergency services,
communication procedures, and equipment
D) All of the above

27. Confined Space Quiz
7) True or False:
In the preparation of a permit space, you
must notify all affected departments, post
signs and barriers to protect entrants, and
empty the confined space of any
hazardous materials.

28. Confined Space Quiz
8) In the preparation of permit space, you
must:
A) Blind or disconnect and cap all input
lines
B) Verify breathing safety by air testing
and add emergency control telephone
numbers
C) All the above
D) None of the above

29. Confined Space Quiz
9) True or False:
During atmospheric testing, you must
evaluate heat stress potential and control any
hazards before entry but need not evacuate
the space if the air becomes hazardous.

30. Confined Space Quiz
10) During atmospheric testing, you must:
A) Continuously test and monitor air in
all areas before entry
B) Make sure that the oxygen content is
between 19.5 and 25.5 percent
C) List any toxic materials that could be
present and their permissible
exposures
D) A&C

31. Confined Space Quiz
11) True or False:
The PhD Plus simultaneously monitors up
to four atmospheric hazards which are
carbon monoxide, flammables, hydrogen
sulfide, and variable oxygen levels.

32. Confined Space Quiz
12) Regarding safety procedures entering a
confined space, which of the following
applies:
A) Authorized entrants can enter a permit
space only after tested and found safe
B) Each assigned entrant has to know what
equipment to use and how to use it
C) Do the task as quickly and efficiently as
possible
D) All the above

33. Confined Space Quiz
13) Duties of the entry supervisor include:
A) Verification of the permit and checks
the condition of the confined space
B) Sees that unauthorized people are
removed
C) Cancels the permit when work is done
D) All the above

34. Confined Space Quiz
14) Duties of the attendant include:
A) Maintaining an accurate account of who’s
in the space, monitors activities of the space,
and stays in touch with the entrants
B) Keeps unauthorized persons away from an
occupied permit space
C) Orders the evacuation from the permit space
and summoning rescue when needed
D) All the above

35. Confined Space Quiz
15) Duties of the entrant include:
A) Knowing the hazards of the space and
signs of exposure
B) Follows their personal protective
equipment training and keeps in contact
with the attendant
C) All of the above
D) None of the above

36. Confined Space Quiz
16) True or False:
Only workers trained in rescue can enter
the space for the purpose of rescue
whether an attendant is present or not.