Conduct some basic research on the recessive disorder Albinism.Des.pdf
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Conduct some basic research on the recessive disorder Albinism. Describe the disease and its genetic basis. Explain how this disease is inherited and why it is not always inherited. Why is genetic testing controversial? Provide references for your research Solution The term recessive disorder Albinism isdefined a is a congenital disorder which usually happens due to complete or partial absence of the pigment which is present in the skin, hair and eyes. Moreover it isr elated to a number of vision defects.These include: photophobia, nystagmus, and amblyopia. Another important aspect is the Lack of skin pigmentation can usually lead to sunburn . This disorder is usually passes from parents to their children through the concept of genes. The most importaant aspect for inhertiance is that both the parents should carry an albinism gene in order to have a child who suffers from albinism disorder.Moreover, the parents can also have normal pigmentation but they still are able to carry the gene. Finally as both parents are able to carry the gene, and none of the parent has albinism.This means that there is a one-in-four chance which can happen at pregnancy that the baby will be born with albinism disorder. Genetic testing is controversial because after determining the sex of the child ,some parents decide to abort it.So,in order to prevent this it has become controversial in some countries like india where it is illegal. References: 1.https://www.aapos.org/terms/conditions/12 2..
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Albinism
Albinism is a genetic condition where people are born without the usual pigment (color) in their bodies. Their bodies aren't able to make a normal amount of melanin, the chemical that is responsible for eye, skin, and hair color. So most people with albinism have very pale skin, hair, and eyes.
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Albinism
Albinism is a genetic condition where people are born without the usual pigment (color) in their bodies. Their bodies aren't able to make a normal amount of melanin, the chemical that is responsible for eye, skin, and hair color. So most people with albinism have very pale skin, hair, and eyes.
describe a real-life example of selection against a homozygous reces.pdf
describe a real-life example of selection against a homozygous recessive genotype
Solution
When both the alleles of a particular chromosome are recessive, it’s called homozygous
recessive for that chromosome pair. There are few real life examples of homozygous recessive
such as albinism, cystic fibrosis etc.
Albinism is congenital disorder in humans that is a characterized by absence of pigment in skin,
eyes, and hairs. Absence of pigment may be partial or complete. Lack of skin pigmentation in
albinism makes individual more sensitive to sunlight and susceptible skin sunburn and skin
cancers. Albinism is also associated with visions defects such as amblyopia, photophobia and
nystagmus. This disorder is due to inheritance of recessive alleles which has defect/ absence of
tyrosinase involved in the production of melanin..
Birth injury lawyer
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Prevention of-childhood-blindness
TIME: 10; 00AM PROMPT
Childhood blindness refers to a group of diseases and conditions occurring in childhood or early adolescence (<16 years of age), which, if left untreated, result in blindness. The World Health Organization (2010) [2] estimation showed that the number of blind children in the world has declined from 1.4 million in 1999 to the current number of 1.26 million. However, in Sub-Saharan Africa, the number has increased by 31% from 129890 to 419000. Childhood blindness is responsible for a high number of “blind years” such that even though the actual number of blind children is much smaller than the number of blind adults, the total “blind years” lived are comparable to those due to age related cataract . Furthermore, blindness in children is related to child mortality. For these reasons, the control of blindness in children is considered a high priority in the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Vision 2020 initiative: The Right to Sight
Albinism (autosomal recessive)-a brief medical study
this is a rare condition of total loss of melanin content in body , but also this is observed now a days more often so , it is necessary to know about this condition , this study gives a clear idea of albinism
please comment
thank you..
Empowering Voices: The Role of Advocacy in Promoting Albinism Health and Well...
Ikponwosa Ero's expertise in human rights and diversity and inclusion has enabled her to make significant contributions to the field of albinism health and wellbeing, earning her a reputation as a respected authority in her field.
Discuss the seven factors that analysts consider where selecting a f.pdf
Discuss the seven factors that analysts consider where selecting a file organization. Evaluate
each file organization with respect to each of the seven factors. Review Table 9-3 to review how
each of these factors can easily be summarized.
Solution
1. Frequency of update: A file that needs to be updated every now and then needs an organisation
method that will allow easy retrieval of information and ease of updating, example of such a file
is the transaction file.
2. File activity: Different files have different activities, example a sort file is used to sort data in
sequential order and therefore sequential method would be appropriate for such a file.
3. File access method: Definately different files have different methods of being accessed,
example a reference file is accessed using random method for easy retrieval of data.
4. Nature of the system: Files that are used in a particular system will depend on the nature of
the system i.e the suitable organisation method for that particular system.
5. Masterfile medium: The masterfile is the main file for keeping permanent updates of records
from transaction files and other sources, the medium by which it is updated will determine the
organisation method to be used..
Consider a 4-Link robot manipulator shown below. Use the forward kine.pdf
Consider a 4-Link robot manipulator shown below. Use the forward kinematic D-H table and
write an m file that plots the manipulator. The instructions are given in the module 6. Submit
your solutions by the due date, in a single MATLAB m file.
Solution
Please give the kinetic D-H table else it would be difficult to code as we need to know the
rotation spin axis and other momentum of manipulator
Stating a general example code for manipulator with data
function X = fwd_kin(q,x)
% given a position in the configuration space, calculate the position of
% the end effector in the workspace for a two-link manipulator.
% q: vector of joint positions
% x: design vector (link lengths)
% X: end effector position in cartesian coordinates
% configuration space coordinates:
q1 = q(1); % theta 1
q2 = q(2); % theta 2
% manipulator parameters:
l1 = x(1); % link 1 length
l2 = x(2); % link 2 length
% calculate end effector position:
X = [l1*cos(q1) + l2*cos(q1+q2)
l1*sin(q1) + l2*sin(q1+q2)];
% SimulateTwolink.m uses inverse dynamics to simulate the torque
% trajectories required for a two-link planar robotic manipulator to follow
% a prescribed trajectory. It also computes total energy consumption. This
% code is provided as supplementary material for the paper:
%
% \'Engineering System Co-Design with Limited Plant Redesign\'
% Presented at the 8th AIAA Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
% Specialist Conference, April 2012.
%
% The paper is available from:
%
% http://systemdesign.illinois.edu/publications/All12a.pdf
%
% Here both the physical system design and control system design are
% considered simultaneously. Manipulator link length and trajectory
% specification can be specified, and torque trajectory and energy
% consumption are computed based on this input. It was found that maximum
% torque and total energy consumption calculated using inverse dynamics
% agreed closely with results calculated using feedback linearization, so
% to simplify optimization problem solution an inverse dynamics approach
% was used, which reduces the control design vector to just the trajectory
% design.
%
% In the conference paper several cases are considered, each with its own
% manipulator task, manipulator design, and trajectory design. The
% specifications for each of these five cases are provided here, and can be
% explored by changing the case number variable (cn).
%
% This code was incorporated into a larger optimization project. The code
% presented here includes only the analysis portion of the code, no
% optimization.
%
% A video illustrating the motion of each of these five cases is available
% on YouTube:
%
% http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OR7Y9-n5SjA
%
% Author: James T. Allison, Assistant Professor, University of Illinois at
% Urbana-Champaign
% Date: 4/10/12
clear;clc
% simulation parameters:
p.dt = 0.0005; % simulation step size
tf = 2; p.tf = tf; % final time
p.ploton = 0; % turn off additional plotting capabilities
p.ploton2 = 0;
p.Tallow = 210; % maximum .
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describe a real-life example of selection against a homozygous reces.pdf
describe a real-life example of selection against a homozygous recessive genotype
Solution
When both the alleles of a particular chromosome are recessive, it’s called homozygous
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such as albinism, cystic fibrosis etc.
Albinism is congenital disorder in humans that is a characterized by absence of pigment in skin,
eyes, and hairs. Absence of pigment may be partial or complete. Lack of skin pigmentation in
albinism makes individual more sensitive to sunlight and susceptible skin sunburn and skin
cancers. Albinism is also associated with visions defects such as amblyopia, photophobia and
nystagmus. This disorder is due to inheritance of recessive alleles which has defect/ absence of
tyrosinase involved in the production of melanin..
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Birth Defects was written for healthcare workers who look after individuals with birth defects, their families, and women who are at increased risk of giving birth to an infant with a birth defect. This book is being used in the Genetics Education Programme which trains healthcare workers in genetic counselling in South Africa. It covers: modes of inheritance, medical genetic counselling, birth defects due to chromosomal abnormalities, single gene defects, teratogens, multifactorial inheritance
The mystery of the blue eye
Many of us are born with deep blue eyes, but color changes tend to occur within 2 weeks after birth. Therefore, they are sometimes attributed to “eternal youth.”
Prevention of-childhood-blindness
TIME: 10; 00AM PROMPT
Childhood blindness refers to a group of diseases and conditions occurring in childhood or early adolescence (<16 years of age), which, if left untreated, result in blindness. The World Health Organization (2010) [2] estimation showed that the number of blind children in the world has declined from 1.4 million in 1999 to the current number of 1.26 million. However, in Sub-Saharan Africa, the number has increased by 31% from 129890 to 419000. Childhood blindness is responsible for a high number of “blind years” such that even though the actual number of blind children is much smaller than the number of blind adults, the total “blind years” lived are comparable to those due to age related cataract . Furthermore, blindness in children is related to child mortality. For these reasons, the control of blindness in children is considered a high priority in the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Vision 2020 initiative: The Right to Sight
Albinism (autosomal recessive)-a brief medical study
this is a rare condition of total loss of melanin content in body , but also this is observed now a days more often so , it is necessary to know about this condition , this study gives a clear idea of albinism
please comment
thank you..
Empowering Voices: The Role of Advocacy in Promoting Albinism Health and Well...
Ikponwosa Ero's expertise in human rights and diversity and inclusion has enabled her to make significant contributions to the field of albinism health and wellbeing, earning her a reputation as a respected authority in her field.
Similar to Conduct some basic research on the recessive disorder Albinism.Des.pdf (20)
describe a real-life example of selection against a homozygous reces.pdf
describe a real-life example of selection against a homozygous reces.pdf
Can Hearing Loss be Transferred from Parents to Children?
Can Hearing Loss be Transferred from Parents to Children?
Albinism (autosomal recessive)-a brief medical study
Albinism (autosomal recessive)-a brief medical study
Empowering Voices: The Role of Advocacy in Promoting Albinism Health and Well...
Empowering Voices: The Role of Advocacy in Promoting Albinism Health and Well...
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Discuss the seven factors that analysts consider where selecting a f.pdf
Discuss the seven factors that analysts consider where selecting a file organization. Evaluate
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method that will allow easy retrieval of information and ease of updating, example of such a file
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Consider a 4-Link robot manipulator shown below. Use the forward kine.pdf
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your solutions by the due date, in a single MATLAB m file.
Solution
Please give the kinetic D-H table else it would be difficult to code as we need to know the
rotation spin axis and other momentum of manipulator
Stating a general example code for manipulator with data
function X = fwd_kin(q,x)
% given a position in the configuration space, calculate the position of
% the end effector in the workspace for a two-link manipulator.
% q: vector of joint positions
% x: design vector (link lengths)
% X: end effector position in cartesian coordinates
% configuration space coordinates:
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q2 = q(2); % theta 2
% manipulator parameters:
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% trajectories required for a two-link planar robotic manipulator to follow
% a prescribed trajectory. It also computes total energy consumption. This
% code is provided as supplementary material for the paper:
%
% \'Engineering System Co-Design with Limited Plant Redesign\'
% Presented at the 8th AIAA Multidisciplinary Design Optimization
% Specialist Conference, April 2012.
%
% The paper is available from:
%
% http://systemdesign.illinois.edu/publications/All12a.pdf
%
% Here both the physical system design and control system design are
% considered simultaneously. Manipulator link length and trajectory
% specification can be specified, and torque trajectory and energy
% consumption are computed based on this input. It was found that maximum
% torque and total energy consumption calculated using inverse dynamics
% agreed closely with results calculated using feedback linearization, so
% to simplify optimization problem solution an inverse dynamics approach
% was used, which reduces the control design vector to just the trajectory
% design.
%
% In the conference paper several cases are considered, each with its own
% manipulator task, manipulator design, and trajectory design. The
% specifications for each of these five cases are provided here, and can be
% explored by changing the case number variable (cn).
%
% This code was incorporated into a larger optimization project. The code
% presented here includes only the analysis portion of the code, no
% optimization.
%
% A video illustrating the motion of each of these five cases is available
% on YouTube:
%
% http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OR7Y9-n5SjA
%
% Author: James T. Allison, Assistant Professor, University of Illinois at
% Urbana-Champaign
% Date: 4/10/12
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tf = 2; p.tf = tf; % final time
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p.ploton2 = 0;
p.Tallow = 210; % maximum .
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_____Skin is the largest organ of the body.
_____The epidermis layer of the skin is vascular and contains nerve cells.
_____Cells of the epidermis level are constantly shedding replaced with new cells from the
stratum basale.
_____Melanocytes are specialized cells located deep in the epidermis and are responsible for
skin color.
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eyes.
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The picture above shows the life cycle of a moss. Mark all true stat.pdf
The picture above shows the life cycle of a moss. Mark all true statements about the structures
indicated on the picture above.
a. “B” is haploid
b. “B” is part of a sporophyte
c. “A” is haploid
d. Cells that make up “C” and “B” are genetically identical
e. “A” is part of a gametophyte
f. “A” is part of a sporophyte
g. “C” is the reproductive structure of the offspring of plant “B” (the next generation)
h. “C” is part of a sporophyte
i. “B” is part of a gametophyte
j. “C” is the reproductive structure of plant “B”
k. “C” is part of a gametophyte
l. “A” is diploid
m. “B” is diploid
n. Cells that make up “A” and “B” are genetically identical
a. “B” is haploid
b. “B” is part of a sporophyte
c. “A” is haploid
d. Cells that make up “C” and “B” are genetically identical
e. “A” is part of a gametophyte
f. “A” is part of a sporophyte
g. “C” is the reproductive structure of the offspring of plant “B” (the next generation)
h. “C” is part of a sporophyte
i. “B” is part of a gametophyte
j. “C” is the reproductive structure of plant “B”
k. “C” is part of a gametophyte
l. “A” is diploid
m. “B” is diploid
n. Cells that make up “A” and “B” are genetically identical U
Solution
Some moss plants have both male and female plants as different , but others have both male and
female parts in the same plant. At matured stage during wet conditions male plant releases sperm
cells from antheridium, which fertilises the egg cell enclosed in female organs ( archegonia ) , a
spore producing plant develops with capsule and lid. When spre capsule matured , it releases
spores . Spores will germinate during wet conditions developed into moss plant . Then again the
cycle repeats.
Diagram explanation
In the diagram on the left side labelled plant is spore producing plant with capsule .
Capsule releasing spores
Spores developed. Into separate female and male plants.( upper plant male plant , lower plant
female plant)
Sperm cells entry into the female organs ( archegonia)
Fertilisation of egg
Development of spore producing plant..
The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. A. requires the addition o.pdf
The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. A. requires the addition of CO2 B. occurs in the
mitochondria of the cell and is irreversible. C. occurs in he nucleus of the cell. D. is needed for
red blood cell production.
Solution
The conversion of pyruate to acetyl COA (B) occurs in the mitochondria of the cell and is
irriversible. The process is carriedout with the help of an enzyme pyruate dehydrogenase, which
is located in mitochondrial matrix. During the conversion process each pyruate molecule loses
one carbon atom with the release of CO2..
Suppose S is a set of n + 1 integers. Prove that there exist distinct.pdf
Suppose S is a set of n + 1 integers. Prove that there exist distinct a, b S such that a - b is a
multiple of n.
Solution
There n distinct remainders modulo n ie 0,1,2,...,n-1
So let there be n boxes each corresponding to one of these remainders
We need to put these n+1 integers into these n boxes
So two of them must be in the same box ie two of them give the same remainder modulo n
Let those two integers be a,b
SO,a=b modulo n
a-b=0 modulo n
ie a-b is a multiple of n
HEnce proved.
Structural features of fungi Complete the following paragraph to desc.pdf
Structural features of fungi Complete the following paragraph to describe the structural features
of fungi.
Solution
The thallus of most fungi is known as a(n) mycelium. which is divided into a network of
filaments called hyphae
These hyphae increase the surface area, maximizing the absorption of nutrients.
Some species of fungi have hyphae that are partitioned by walls of tissue called septae
Fungal cells have cell walls comprised of chitin
Similar to animals they store energy in the form of glycogen
Fungi tend to be Nonmotile, although some do contain flagella at some point in their life cycle.
Fungi reproduce sexually and asexually during their life cycles.
Cells produced during the Asexual phase are called spores. These are haploid as they contain
only one set of chromosomes.
State some successful predictions from Einsteins theory of special.pdf
State some successful predictions from Einstein\'s theory of special relativity
Solution
Special relativity implies a wide range of consequences, which have been experimentally
verified, including length contraction, time dilation, relativistic mass, mass–energy equivalence,
a universal speed limit and relativity of simultaneity.The theory is \"special\" in that it only
applies in the special case where the curvature of spacetime due to gravity is negligible. In order
to include gravity, Einstein formulated general relativity in 1915
Several experiments predating Einstein\'s 1905 paper are now interpreted as evidence for
relativity.Particle accelerators routinely accelerate and measure the properties of particles
moving at near the speed of light, where their behavior is completely consistent with relativity
theory and inconsistent with the earlier Newtonian mechanics. These machines would simply not
work if they were not engineered according to relativistic principles. In addition, a considerable
number of modern experiments have been conducted to test special relativity. Some examples
1.) According to special relativity, the properties of particles moving approximately at thespeed
of light significantly deviate from the predictions of Newtonian mechanics. For instance, the
speed of lightcannot be reached by massive particles.
Today, those relativistic expressions for particles close to the speed of light are routinely
confirmed inundergraduate laboratories, and necessary in the design and theoretical evaluation of
collision experiments inparticle accelerators.
2.) The Ives–Stilwell experiment tested the contribution of relativistic time dilation to the
Doppler shift of light. The result was in agreement with the formula for the transverse Doppler
effect, and was the first direct, quantitative confirmation of the time dilation factor.
3.) Time dilation of moving particles as predicted by special relativity can be measured in
particle lifetime experiments. According to special relativity, the rate of clock C traveling
between two synchronized laboratory clocks A and B is slowed with respect to the laboratory
clock rates.
4.) The Kennedy–Thorndike experiment, first conducted in 1932, is a modified form of the
Michelson–Morley experimental procedure, testing special relativity.The modification is to make
one arm of the classical Michelson–Morley (MM) apparatus shorter than the other one. While
the Michelson–Morley experiment showed that the speed of light is independent of the
orientation of the apparatus, the Kennedy–Thorndike experiment showed that it is also
independent of the velocity of the apparatus in different inertial frames
5.) Hughes–Drever experiments (also clock comparison-, clock anisotropy-, mass isotropy-, or
energy isotropy experiments) are spectroscopic tests of the isotropy of mass and space.Unlike
Michelson–Morley type experiments, Hughes–Drever experiments test the isotropy of the
interactions of matter itself, that is, of .
QUESTION 7 Forward and futures markets provide insurance or hedging a.pdf
QUESTION 7 Forward and futures markets provide insurance or hedging against different types
of risk. True O False
Solution
False, As Forward and future market both gives hedgeing mainly against price fluctuation risk or
interest rate risk but still are risk associated to them, Like in Forward contract we have default
risk.
Problem 14-1A On January 1, 2017, Geffrey Corporation had the followi.pdf
Problem 14-1A On January 1, 2017, Geffrey Corporation had the following stockholders\'
equity accounts. Common Stock ($20 par value, 50,000 shares issued and outstanding) Paid-in
Capital in Excess of Par-Common Stock Retained Earnings $1,000,000 190,000 550,000 During
the year, the following transactions occurred. Feb. 1 Declared a $1 cash dividend per share to
stockholders of record on February 15, payable March 1. Mar. 1 Paid the dividend declared in
February. Apr. 1 Announced a 2-for-1 stock split. Prior to the split, the market price per share
was $35 July 1 Declared a 10% stock dividend to stockholders of record on July 15 distributable
uly 31 On uly 1, the market price of the stock was SA er share. 31 Dec. 1 31 Issued the shares for
the stock dividend. Declared a $0.30 per share dividend to stockholders of record on December
15, payable January 5, 2018. Determined that net income for the year was $300,000
Solution
a) Journal Entries Date Accounts and Titles Debit Credit Feb.1 Retained Earnings (50,000
X $1) $50,000.00 Dividends Payable $50,000.00 Mar.1 Dividends Payable $50,000.00
Cash $50,000.00 Apr.1 No Entry Two-for-one stock split increases number of shares to
100,000 = (50,000 X 2) and reduces par value to $10 per share Jul.1 Retained Earnings
(100,000 x 10% x $14) $140,000.00 Common Stock Dividends Distributable (10,000 X $10)
$100,000.00 Paid-in Capital in Excess of Par Value (10,000 X $4) $40,000.00 Jul.31
Common Stock Dividends Distributable $100,000.00 Common Stock $100,000.00 Dec.
1 Retained Earnings (110,000 X $.30) $33,000.00 Dividends Payable $33,000.00 Dec.
31 Income Summary $300,000.00 Retained Earnings $300,000.00 b) Geffrey
Corporation Balance Sheet (Partial) December 31, 2017 Stockholders’ equity Paid-
in capital Capital stock Common stock, $10 par value, 110,000 shares issued and
outstanding $1,100,000.00 Additional paid-in capital In excess of par value ($190,000 +
$40,000) $230,000.00 Total paid-in capital $1,330,000.00 Retained earnings ($300,000 +
33000 + 140000 + 50000) $523,000.00 Total stockholders’ equity $1,853,000.00.
on the way to the cerebrum 15) Almost all somatic sensory signals pas.pdf
on the way to the cerebrum 15) Almost all somatic sensory signals pass through the A)
cerebellum B) thalamus C) hypothalamus D) corpus callosum E) corticospinal tracts
Solution
A large number of pathways travel through the thalamus before reaching the cortex. All sensory
signals except for olfaction also pass through the thalamus first. Why so?
Because the thalamus is considered as the relay station. The thalamus is made up of a number of
nuclei that possess functional specialization for dealing with particular type of information. This
means that all the sensory information is first travelled to the thalamus which is then routed to a
nucleus tailored to dealing with that type of sensory data. The information is then sent from the
nucleus to the appropriate area in the cortex where it is further processed. In this way, the nuceli
of the thalamus make sure to transfer the signal to the area which is specialized to handle that
information for further processing..
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