Introduction to Computer Network, Hardware requirement for setting up Computer network, Types of Computer Networks, Typologies.

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2. DEFINITION
W H A T I S C O M P U T E R N E T W O R K ?
A computer network, or data network, is a digital telecommunications
network which allows nodes to share resources like printers. In
computer networks, computing devices exchange data with each other
using connections (data links) between nodes. These data links are
established over cable media such as wires or optic cables, or wireless
media such as WiFi.

3. SAGE In the late 1950s, early
networks of computers
included the U.S. military
radar system Semi-Automatic
Ground Environment
(SAGE). SAGE was a system
of large computers and
associated networking
equipment that coordinated
data from many radar sites
and processed it to produce a
single unified image of the
airspace over a wide area.
Semi-Automatic Ground Environment System,
which is the example of FIRST computer network.

4. Report
RADARSITE&SECTORBOUNDARIES
SAGESYSTEM

5. Hardware's required to set up a computer network
Network Cables Distributors
Router
Internal Network Cards External Network Cards
Universal Serial Bus (USB) HUB

6. Types of Networks
Local Area Network
Metropolitan Area Network
Wide Area Network
LAN
MAN
WAN

7. 01 A LAN is a network that
connects computers and
computer peripherials in a
limited geographical area such
as a home, school, building, or
closely positioned group of
building.
Local Area Network (LAN)

8. 02 A MAN is relatively larger than
LAN and extends across a city or
a metropolitan.
It is created by connecting two
or more LAN's located at
different locations in city
Metropolitan Area Network
(MAN)

9. 03 A wide area network is computer
network that covers a large
geographic area such as a city and
country.
A WAN uses a communications
channel that combines many types of
media such as telephone lines, cables
and air waves.
For example- Internet
Wide Area Network (WAN)

10. Network Topology
What is Network Topology ?
The pattern of interconnection of nodes in a
network is called the Topology.
This layout also determines the manner in
which information is exchanged within the
netowrk.

11. Network Topology
Types of Network Technology
1. Bus Topology
2. Star Topology
3. Ring Topology
4. Mesh Topology
5. Tree Topology
6. Hybrid Topology

12. BUS TOPOLOGY
Definition
All Computers
and devices
connected to
central canle.
Advantages
Easy to connect a
computer or
peripheral to a
linear bus.
Requires less cable
length than a star
topology.
Disadvantages
Entire networks down if
there is a break in the
main cable.
Difficult to identify the
problem if the entire
network shuts down.

13. RING TOPOLOGY
Definition
Cable forms
closed ring or
loop, with all
computers and
devices arranged
along ring.
Advantages
Data is quickly
transferred without
a 'bottle neck'.
The transmission of
data is relatively
simple as packets
travel in one
direction only.
Disadvantages
Data packets must pass
through every computer
between the sender and
receiver therefor, this
makes it slower.
If any of the nodes fail
then the ring is broken.

14. STAR TOPOLOGY
Definition
All devices
connect to a
central device,
called hub.
Advantages
Easy to install and
wire.
Security can be
implemented in the
hub/switch.
Easy to detect faults
and to remove
parts.
Disadvantages
Requires more cable
length than a linear
topology.
If the hubs are fails,
nodes attached are
disable.
Expensive hubs.

15. MESH TOPOLOGY
Definition
Each computer
are connected
with each other
by separate cable.
Advantages
Provide redundant
path between
device.
The network can be
expanded without
disruption to
current user.
Disadvantages
Require more cable then
other topology.
Complicated
implementations.

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