The document discusses the evolution of computer virtualization, beginning with concepts from Star Trek's holodeck to modern hypervisors that allow multiple applications to run on a single physical server. It highlights the challenges of data centers and the emergence of solutions like Apache virtual hosts and Linux for efficient server management. Various hypervisor types, both type 1 and type 2, are also mentioned as integral to creating public and private cloud infrastructures.

1. Computer, end program
Making virtual worlds possible
Sameer Verma, Ph.D.
Professor, Information Systems Department
College of Business, San Francisco State University
San Francisco, CA 94132 USA
http://verma.sfsu.edu/
sverma@sfsu.edu
Unless noted otherwise

2. Holodeck on StarTrek Enterprise TNG

3. Holodeck
● Star Trek:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holodeck
● A simulated reality, where 3D worlds could
be simulated with force fields and
projections.
● Load, run, freeze and store programs.

4. Final scene of Star Trek: Enterprise
http://youtu.be/pXotJu1CapU

5. As it was in the beginning
● Mainframe virtualization.
● IBM's CP-40 research system in 1967.
● Compartmentalize large processing
capabilities.
● Run processes separately.
● Lease “slices” to different customers.

6. Too many servers?
● Data center challenges
● One physical server for one application
– Web
–
–
–
Storage
Authentication
Network
=4
Power, Cooling, Bandwidth...

7. Rise of Apache
● Apache VirtualHost.
● Multiple virtual web hosts in each physical
server.
● Led to the adoption of Apache in server
rooms.
● Eventually led to Linux to run these websites.
● Still one underlying OS.
Single point of failure?

8. Hypervisor
This is not a hypervisor
...although it is a VISOR
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geordi_La_Forge#VISOR
http://startrek.asatem.cz/storage/laforge_geordi01.jpg

9. Hypervisor
apps apps apps apps apps apps apps
operating system operating system operating system
hypervisor
hardware
Type 1: Bare Metal

10. Hypervisor
apps apps apps apps apps apps apps
operating system (guest) operating system operating system
hypervisor
operating system (host)
hardware
Type 2: Hosted

11. Paravirtualization
apps apps apps
operating system (modified)
common
hypervisor
operating system (host)
hardware

12. Cloud
memegenerator.net

13. Public and Private clouds
Public Private

14. Hypervisors galore!
Hypervisors (xen, kvm, vmware, hyper-v, virtualbox, ...)
https://www.openstack.org/software/

15. Let's begin!
http://virtualbox.org