This document discusses the Compton effect, which was discovered in 1923 by Arthur Compton through an experiment where he directed x-rays at a carbon target. The x-rays were scattered in different directions. Compton's discovery showed that photons have momentum and energy, and that photons lose energy and momentum after colliding with electrons. This effect can be quantified using the Compton scattering formula. Applications of the Compton effect include uses in radiobiology, probing electron wave functions, and gamma spectroscopy.

1. COMPTON
EFFECT

2. PRESENTED BY
1. Md. Jayedul Islam
ID: 2015-2-65-017
2. Md. Imran Ahmed
ID: 2015-2-50-018
3. Al-Amin Islam Hridoy
ID: 2016-1-60-023
4. Moname Majumder
ID: 2016-1-60-065

3. OVERVIEW
 Introduction
 Compton Effect
 Compton Scattering
 Applications of Compton Effect
 Conclusion

4. INTRODUCTION
 In 1923 American physicist Arthur Holly Compton
performed an experiment by which he discovered
an effect of photon over electron which is known
as Compton Effect. He later won the noble prize
in Physics in 1927 for his discovery of this
Compton Effect.

5. INTRODUCTION
 directed a beam of x-rays of wavelength
 onto a carbon target
 x-rays are scattered in different
directions.
COMPTON
EFFECT

6. COMPTON EFFECT
e
𝜃
𝜑
Photon

7. COMPTON EFFECT
e
𝜃
𝜑
E = h𝑣 E = m0c2
E = h𝑣′
E = m0
2c4+p2c2
p =
h𝑣
𝐶
p =
h𝑣′
𝐶
p = p
p = 0

8. COMPTON SCATTERING
If we consider the photon idea of light, some of the
photons would “hit” the charged particles and “bounce
off”. The laws of conservation of energy and
momentum should then predict the scattering.

9. COMPTON SCATTERING
Photons have momentum as well as energy. The scattered
photons will have less energy and less momentum after
collision with electrons, and so should have a larger wavelength
according to the formula:
 = scattered - incident =
𝒉
𝒎𝟎
𝒄
[1-cos]

10. COMPTON SCATTERING
 = scattered - incident =
𝒉
𝒎𝟎
𝒄
[1-cos]
 Note that Planck’s constant is in this relation as well, and
gives a further experimental way of getting this value.
 Again, the photon theory provides a nice explanation of
a phenomenon involving light.

11. COMPTON SCATTERING
 = scattered - incident =
𝒉
𝒎𝟎
𝒄
[1-cos]
Note that the maximum change in wavelength is
(for scattering from an electron)
2ℎ
𝒎𝟎
𝒄
= 2 6.63 𝑥 10−34 𝐽/𝑠
9.1 𝑥 10−31 𝑘𝑔 ∗ 3 𝑥 108 𝑚/𝑠
= 4.86 x 10-12 m = 
which would be insignificant for visible light (with  of 10-7m)
but NOT for x-ray and -ray light (with  of 10-10 m or smaller) .

12. APPLICATION OF
COMPTON EFFECT
1. Compton scattering is of prime importance to
Radiobiology, as it is the most probable interaction
of gamma ray and high energy x-ray with atoms in
living beings and is applied in Radiation Therapy.

13. APPLICATIONS OF
COMPTON EFFECT
2 . In material physics, Compton Effect can be used to
probe the wave function of the electrons in the
momentum representation.

14. APPLICATIONS OF
COMPTON EFFECT
3. Compton scattering is an effect gamma
spectroscopy which gives rise to the Compton
edge. As it is possible for the gamma rays to
scatter out of the detectors used. Compton
suppression is used to detect stray scatter
gamma rays to counteract this effect.
Compton edge – Compton edge is a feature of
spectrograph that result from the Compton scattering
in the detector.

15. CONCLUSION
Compton effect is a very important discovery for
Quantum Mechanics. It added a new dimension to
Quantum Physics. Many tasks which were impossible
once are possible for the discovery of this effect. Except
these Radiation Therapy, Wave Function and gamma
spectroscopy, there are many more uses of this
Compton Effect. And many more secrets can be
uncovered by the help of this effect. So, we should learn
more deeply about this Compton Effect.

16. REFERENCES
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compton_scattering
2. https://www.britannica.com/science/Compton-effect
3. http://electrons.wikidot.com/compton-effect
4. http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/ComptonEffect.html

17. THE END