The document discusses Hindoostan Technical Fabrics Limited, an Indian company that manufactures composite woven fabrics and intermediates from carbon fiber and para-aramid fiber. It provides details on the company's locations, machinery, products offered including prepregs, applications, and concludes that the company can design custom fabrics and offer a variety of prepreg and laminate options to composite manufacturers in India. However, it notes some challenges around skilled labor availability, policy issues, and raw material storage and availability.

1. 11/15/2012 1

2. “COMPOSITE INTERMEDIATES“
Emphasized on High performance materials
Dr. Milind Khandwe
President Technology & Innovation
Hindoostan Technical Fabrics Limited.
Sir Vithaldas Chambers,16 Mumbai Samachar Marg,
Fort, Mumbai 400 001,India.
Tel: +91-022-2204 0846 Fax: +91-022-2283 3841
mkhandwe@hindoostantech.com
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3. India Composite Industry : Preview
Indian Composite Industry:
• Composites prodn : Approx. 200,000 MT
(USD 2.5 Billion) (2011)
• 95% dominated by GF and natural fiber based
Composites.
• CFRP (Advanced Composites) share is less
than 1%
• Over 1200 composites making companies.
• Growth rate : 22% CAGR (last 5 yrs)
• Target : 0.75 Million MT by 2015.
Source : All India Reinforced Plastics Manufacturers Association and
Teijin India
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4. Profile
• Highest quality composite woven fabrics and intermediate
manufacturer from Carbon Fiber and Para Aramide in India
• HTFL is a part of the Thackersey group, established in India
in 1873 which has been manufacturing quality textiles for
over a century.
• Partners with Toho Tenax -Teijin Group Japan
• Under the partnership, Toho Tenax will supply its
proprietary Tenax carbon fiber to Hindoostan Technical
Fabrics for weaving and processing into quality textiles. The
two companies will jointly market products to
manufacturers of composite materials and reinforced
sheets
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5. Locations
• Mumbai • Karad
The Hindoostan Technical Fabrics The Hindoostan Technical Fabrics
Limited Limited
Sir Vithaldas Chambers 16, Plot No D-1 MIDC, Industrial Area
Mumbai Samachar Marg, Mumbai - 400 Village, Taswade, Tal Karad,
001. India Dist. Satara . 415109 . Karad
Telephone : +91 022 2204 0846 Fax :
+91 022 2283 3841 Tel. 2164 2581 91
E-mail : contact@hindoostantech.com
The Hindoostan Technical Fabrics Limited R&D Centre
BTRA Campus
LBS Marg, Ghatkopar
Mumbai
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6. Plant And Machinery
• Dedicated land area and building as per Japan
standard specified by collaborator
• Imported Machineries from Germany and Japan
• Integrated with Vision inspection and reporting
system
• Other equipments specific to handling carbon
fabric
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7. What We Can Do
• Capability to weave fabrics from
Carbon, Aramide, Basalt fiber, silica fiber to meet
customer specifications.
• Initial weaving capacity of 20-25 tons per annum, with
capability to expand to 100 tons p.a within existing
building.
• Qualified and experienced workforce from the
technical textile weaving along with assistance and
training from consultants worldwide.
• Stress on Quality, following international weaving and
packing quality standards.
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8. Target Markets
• Sports and recreations
• Construction Reinforcement
• Defence
• Energy Sector
• International (export)
• Aerospace
• Automotive
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9. R&D Centre structure
• In The premises of BTRA, Ghatkopar Mumbai
• Pilot scale facility to simulate production conditions
• Chemical analyses lab
• Physical testing lab
• Instrumentation Lab
• Library
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10. Production Unit Expansion
• Prepregging Machine capable of handling thermoset
as well as thermoplastic systems
• Coating and lamination machine capable of handling
solvent and water based polymeric formulations
• Hotmelt coating for handling TPU,TPO and other
advanced thermoplastics prepregs
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11. Quality Assurance Facility Plan
• Establishment of NABL accredited lab
• Regular quality checks on incoming , in-process and
finished product properties
• Trained and accredited manpower development
• Maintaining latest Aerospace and building defence
standards of technical textile and composite
products
• State of the art instrumentation facility creation
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12. Material Converting Capability
• Polymers - PVC, PU,TPO, Acrylics, Silicone, Epoxy, synthetic
Rubber and other high-performance polymers.
• Textiles –Carbon
, Basalt, Polyester, Polyamide, Polyaramid, Glass, Silica, Polypr
opylene, Silk, Viscose, Cotton and blends.
• Films –
Polyester, Polyimide, Polypropylene, PTFE, FEP, PVF, PVC, PU, P
BT (including membranes).
• Foils – Aluminium, Copper, Zinc.
• Paper – Aramid, Glassine, , Ceramic.
• Nonwovens – Needle punch, Spun laid, Chemical /Thermal
bonded, air laid , wads of various fibers.
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13. What Is Carbon Fiber?
Definition：Fiber which consists of more than 90% Carbon
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14. Carbon Fiber
●Mechanical property
-Lower density than Metal
-High tensile strength / modulus
-High fatigue resistance,
●Chemical/Physicochemical property
-Good chemical stability
-Low linear expansion coefficient, good
dimensional stability
●Electric property
-Electric conductivity
-X-ray penetrability
-Electromagnetic waves shield
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15. What Is Aramid Fiber?
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16. Aramid Fiber Structures
TECHNORA : co-poly-(paraphenylene/3,4'-
Molecular structure made of oxydiphenylene terephthalamide)
linked Benzene rings and amide
bonds
Para-type
Meta-type TWARON : poly-(paraphenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA)
TEIJINCONEX : poly-(metaphenylene isophthalamide) (MPIA)
http://www.teijin-aramid.com
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17. Physical Properties Comparison
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18. Chemical Properties Comparison
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19. Comparison
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20. Technical Requirements: Fiber And Fabric Properties
• Fiber must be purchased to a specification tied to either the
prepreg or fabric specification.
• Not only should mechanical properties such as tensile
strength, modulus and elongation be part of the batch
acceptance testing, but the size type and level must be
specified as well as tow bundle count and twist.
• Fiber specification should define the average values and
ranges for all critical mechanical and physical properties
• Fabric specification should establish the critical fiber
properties, fabric areal weight and fabric style.
• Physical characteristics such as width, tracer type and
spacing, alignment, openness, yarn count per inch should be
defined.
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21. Weave Type-Plain
The plain weave consists
of yarns interlaced in an
alternating fashion one
over and one under every
other yarn. The plain weave
provides good fabric
stability but is generally the
least pliable.
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22. Twill Weave
The twill weave is more
pliable than the plain weave
and has better drapability
while maintaining more
fabric stability than a four
or eight harness satin
weave. The weave pattern is
characterized by a diagonal
rib created by one warp yarn
floating over at least two
filling yarns.
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23. Eight Harness Satin
The eight harness satin is similar to the four
harness satin except that one filling yarn floats
over seven warp yarns and under one. This is a
very pliable weave and
is used for forming over
curved surfaces
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24. Four Harness Satin (Crowfoot)
The four harness satin weave is more pliable
than the plain weave and is easier to conform
to curved surfaces typical in reinforced plastics.
In this weave pattern there
is a three-by-one interfacing
where a filling yarn floats
over three warp yarns and
under one.
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25. Basket
The basket weave is similar
to the plain weave except
that two or more warp yarns
and two or more filling yarns
are alternately interlaced
over and under each other.
The basket weave is more
pliable, flatter and stronger
than the plain weave, but is
not as stable.
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26. Products we will offer
• Thermosetting prepregs.
• Preformable Fabrics.
• Thermoplastic prepregs.
• UD for construction industry.
• 0 - 360 degree multilayer laminates.
• Mixed fabrics with
carbon, aramid, basalt, silica, UHMWPE, special
polyolefins etc.
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27. What are Prepregs
• A prepreg consists of a combination of a matrix (or
resin) and fiber reinforcement. It is available in ready
to use form in the component manufacturing
process.
• It is available in :
– Unidirectional (UD) form i.e. fibers laid in one direction of
reinforcement
– Woven Fabrics in several directions of reinforcement as
per weaving pattern and axial pattern
– Nonwoven and/or chopped fibers i.e. random
reinforcement
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28. Finished Prepregs
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29. Classes of Prepregs
• Thermosets- basic and High performance application
based on thermosetting systems
• Thermoplasts- basic and high performance
application based on thermoplastic polymers
• Thermosets are in use for many years and knowledge
and data are available
• Thermoplasts systems can meet productivity
requirements and can be higher volume alternatives
intensively used by leading international companies.
• Industry needs more development effort on
Thermoplasts
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30. Advantages of Prepregs
• The most important objectives of high performance
and cost can be met.
• Weight performance ratio can be achieved.
• Reduced number of parts in complex design.
• Best control of fiber and resin ratio.
• Good ageing characteristics.
• Reduced energy consumption.
• Predetermined balance of mechanical properties.
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31. Unidirectional Prepregs
• Unidirectional reinforcements include
tapes, tows, unidirectional tow sheets and rovings
• Fibers in this form are all aligned parallel in one
direction and uncrimped providing the highest
mechanical properties.
• Composites using unidirectional tapes or sheets
have high strength in the direction of the fiber.
Unidirectional sheets are thin and multiple layers are
required for most structural applications.
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32. Preformable fabrics
• Special resin treated fabrics with low resin content
• Can be preformed in to a shape at moderate
temperatures
• Allow free flow of resin system in infusion process
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33. Multilayer Laminates
• Unidirectional spread carbon fabrics stabilized
with resin systems
• Unidirectional spread carbon fabrics oriented
in 0-360 degree as per customer requirement
• Woven Nonwoven Laminates ready to use for
composite manufacturing
• Fabric /Film/ core laminates
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34. Impediments in Epoxy Prepreg usage
• In the case of Thermosets storage and transportation
requires low temperature approx -18o C
• Most of the materials are imported hence time
required for shipments and custom clearance are
prohibitive
• Import restrictions due to country specific policies
• In the case of Thermoplasts converting technology is
not developed
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35. Types of Matrix Resin -Thermosets
• Types
– Polyester and vinyl esters
– Epoxy including UV curable
– Cyanate esters
– BMI
– Phenolics
• The resin types are selected and formulated as
per end application specifications
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36. Types of Matrix Resins Thermoplasts
• Types
– PP
– PA
– TPU
– TPO
– PEEK
• Advantages- flexibility in formulation and
compounding to achieve desired performance, also
excellent fiber wet out can be achieved
• Impediments- High experimentation time, low
industrial awareness in prepreg (intermediate) usage
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37. Thermoplastic Prepregs
source: net images
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38. Thermoplastic components
source: net images
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39. UD for construction industry
• Can be used to
strengthen reinforced
concrete
structures, brickwork and
timber for flexural and
shear loads due to:
– Loading increases.
– Damage to structural parts.
– Changes in structural
system.
– Design or construction
defects.
– Earthquake/seismic
requirements.
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40. Operational Issues
• Limited skilled manpower availability.
• Most of the composite expertise available are in the
area of engineering of finished products.
• The industrial requirement of multidisciplinary
manpower i.e. a composite knowledge of
Textile, Polymer, Converting ( coating
Lamination, compounding) is generated by
experience not by education.
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41. Manufacturing Machinery issues
• Indian machinery manufactures do not invest in
sophisticated converting machinery development
due to limited knowledge and market
• Imported machinery cost for high performance
product manufacturing, is prohibitive to small
investors and machinery cost is more because of
knowledge component not because of the
component or equipment used
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42. Testing and Quality assurance issues
• Country specific standards (IS standards)
development need special attention and
efforts.
• Test housed are relatively slow in getting
experience due to limited testing sample
quantum.
• In process and finished product quality
assurance can not be dependent on test
housed Like ATIRA, BTRA.
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43. Application- Aerospace
source:http://www.mechanicalengineeringblo
g.com/tag/powder-metallurgy/
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44. Application- Wind Energy
(3) SHEAR
(1) ROOT (2) SPAR (4) SHELL (5) SURFACE
WEB
Structural Structural Structural Structural
Coatings
Adhesive Adhesive Core Core
Structural
Infusion Infusion Infusion Fillers
Adhesive
Prepreg Prepreg Prepreg Fillers
Finishing &
Infusion
Repair
Prepreg
Finishing &
Repair source: net images
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45. Application- Railway, Marine, Automobiles
source: net images
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46. Application- Sports
source: net images
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47. Conclusions
• Indigenous source is available to design customer
specific fabric using high performance yarns
• A wide variety of resin selection is possible to design
specific component in prepreg form
• Thermoplastic prepregs will meet futuristic industry
requirement
• Preformable and laminated option available to
composite manufacturers
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48. Conclusions
• Policy related issues needs attention by Defence and aerospace
users
• Raw Material issues in terms of storage, availability,
formulation knowhow, needs to be resolved
• Machinery related issue requires attention from engineering
industry
• Testing standards need to be indigenized at least for Basic
composite systems based on high performance materials
• Graduate Manpower generation requires by implementing new
courses in Technological Institutes like IIT, NIT or engineering
Institutes
• Diploma level manpower can be generated in Polytechnic
Institutes or CIPET or TRA’s
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49. Thank You
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