Competency mapping involves identifying the key skills, behaviors, and attributes that distinguish outstanding performance. Competencies can be used for recruitment, development, succession planning, and organizational analysis. Critical incident analysis and repertory grid techniques are used to map competencies. There are organizational, HR systems, team, and individual competency models. Organizational models focus on competencies across hierarchies while HR systems models link competencies to training and development. Team models emphasize complementary competencies for effective teams. Individual models include person-job matching, strategy-based roles, and intellectual capital models emphasizing dynamic interactions.