Company 1Company #1Income StatementBalance SheetAll numbers in thousandsAll numbers in thousandsRevenue20182017Period Ending20182017Total Revenue14,134,73212,866,757Current AssetsCost of Revenue9,510,2388,668,505Cash And Cash Equivalents1,290,2941,111,599Gross Profit4,624,4944,198,252Short Term Investments512-Operating ExpensesNet Receivables87,86875,154Selling General and Administrative2,576,0982,395,608Inventory1,641,7351,512,886Total Operating Expenses12,086,33611,064,113Other Current Assets11,84713,642Operating Income or Loss2,048,3961,802,644Total Current Assets3,151,1572,813,049Income from Continuing OperationsLong Term Investments7121,288Total Other Income/Expenses Net-7,676-16,488Property Plant and Equipment2,382,4642,328,048Earnings Before Interest and Taxes2,048,3961,802,644Other Assets187,718166,966Interest Expense-18,847-19,569Deferred Long Term Asset Charges--Income Before Tax2,040,7201,786,156Total Assets5,722,0515,309,351Income Tax Expense677,967668,502Current LiabilitiesNet Income1,362,7531,117,654Accounts Payable1,059,8441,021,735Short/Current Long Term Debt84,973-Other Current Liabilities9,90224,559Total Current Liabilities1,926,4021,752,506Long Term Debt311,994396,493Other Liabilities434,347412,335Total Liabilities2,672,7432,561,334Stockholders' EquityPreferred Stock--Common Stock3,7963,919Retained Earnings2,071,4001,801,138Treasury Stock-318,252-272,755Capital Surplus1,292,3911,215,806Total Stockholder Equity3,049,3082,748,017Net Tangible Assets3,049,3082,748,017
Company 2Company #2Income StatementBalance SheetAll numbers in thousandsAll numbers in thousandsRevenue20182017Period Ending20182017Total Revenue38,972,93435,864,664Current AssetsCost of Revenue27,831,17725,502,167Cash And Cash Equivalents3,030,2002,758,477Gross Profit11,141,75710,362,497Short Term Investments-506,165Operating ExpensesNet Receivables860,000327,166Selling General and Administrative6,923,5646,375,071Inventory4,579,0004,187,243Total Operating Expenses34,754,74131,877,238Other Current Assets-12,217Operating Income or Loss4,218,1933,987,426Total Current Assets8,469,2008,485,727Income from Continuing OperationsLong Term Investments--Total Other Income/Expenses Net-44,982-130,838Property Plant and Equipment5,255,2005,006,053Earnings Before Interest and Taxes4,218,1933,987,426Goodwill97,600100,069Interest Expense-8,860-64,295Intangible Assets-144,900Income Before Tax4,173,2113,856,588Other Assets504,000321,266Income Tax Expense1,113,4131,248,640Deferred Long Term Asset Charges-6,558Net Income3,059,7982,607,948Total Assets14,326,00014,058,015Current LiabilitiesAccounts Payable2,644,1002,488,373Short/Current Long Term Debt--Other Current Liabilities-1,429,136Total Current Liabilities5,531,3005,125,537Long Term Debt2,233,6002,230,607Other Liabilities1,512,5001,331,645Total Liabilities9,277,4008,909,706Stockholders' EquityPreferred Stock--Common Stock5,048,600628,009Retained Earnings-4,962,159Treasury Stock--441,859Capital Surplus--Other Stockholder Equity--4 ...
Which of the following is an advantage of corporations relative to.docxphilipnelson29183
Which of the following is an advantage of corporations relative to partnerships and sole proprietorships?
Lower taxes.
Most common form of organization.
Reduced legal liability for investors.
Harder to transfer ownership.
The group of users of accounting information charged with achieving the goals of the business is its
auditors.
investors.
creditors.
managers.
Which of the following financial statements is concerned with the company at a point in time?
Statement of cash flows.
Retained Earnings statement.
Balance sheet.
Income statement.
An income statement
presents the revenues and expenses for a specific period of time.
reports the changes in assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity over a period of time.
reports the assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity at a specific date.
summarizes the changes in retained earnings for a specific period of time.
The most important information needed to determine if companies can pay their current obligations is the
projected net income for next year.
relationship between current assets and current liabilities.
relationship between short-term and long-term liabilities.
net income for this year.
A liquidity ratio measures the
income or operating success of a company over a period of time.
ability of a company to survive over a long period of time.
percentage of total financing provided by creditors.
short-term ability of a company to pay its maturing obligations and to meet unexpected needs for
cash.
The convention of consistency refers to consistent use of accounting principles
among firms.
among accounting periods.
throughout the accounting periods.
within industries.
Horizontal analysis is also known as
vertical analysis.
trend analysis.
linear analysis.
common size analysis.
Horizontal analysis is a technique for evaluating a series of financial statement data over a period of time
to determine the amount and/or percentage increase or decrease that has taken place.
that has been arranged from the lowest number to the highest number.
that has been arranged from the highest number to the lowest number.
to determine which items are in error.
Vertical analysis is a technique that expresses each item in a financial statement
starting with the highest value down to the lowest value.
in dollars and cents.
as a percent of the item in the previous year.
as a percent of a base amount.
Process costing is used when
production is aimed at filling a specific customer order.
dissimilar products are involved.
the production process is continuous.
costs are to be assigned to specific jobs.
An important feature of a job order cost system is that each job
has its own distinguishing characteristics.
must be completed before a new job is accepted.
consists of one unit of output.
must be similar to previous jobs completed.
In a process cost system, product costs are summarized:
after each unit is produced..
Which of the following is an advantage of corporations relative to.docxalanfhall8953
Which of the following is an advantage of corporations relative to partnerships and sole proprietorships?
Reduced legal liability for investors.
Harder to transfer ownership.
Lower taxes.
Most common form of organization.
The group of users of accounting information charged with achieving the goals of the business is its
managers.
auditors.
investors.
creditors.
Which of the following financial statements is concerned with the company at a point in time?
Retained Earnings statement.
Income statement.
Statement of cash flows.
Balance sheet.
An income statement
reports the changes in assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity over a period of time.
presents the revenues and expenses for a specific period of time.
reports the assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity at a specific date.
summarizes the changes in retained earnings for a specific period of time.
The most important information needed to determine if companies can pay their current obligations is the
relationship between short-term and long-term liabilities.
projected net income for next year.
net income for this year.
relationship between current assets and current liabilities.
A liquidity ratio measures the
ability of a company to survive over a long period of time.
short-term ability of a company to pay its maturing obligations and to meet unexpected needs for cash.
percentage of total financing provided by creditors.
income or operating success of a company over a period of time.
The convention of consistency refers to consistent use of accounting principles
within industries.
among accounting periods.
among firms.
throughout the accounting periods.
Horizontal analysis is also known as
linear analysis.
vertical analysis.
common size analysis.
trend analysis.
Horizontal analysis is a technique for evaluating a series of financial statement data over a period of time
to determine the amount and/or percentage increase or decrease that has taken place.
that has been arranged from the highest number to the lowest number.
that has been arranged from the lowest number to the highest number.
to determine which items are in error.
Vertical analysis is a technique that expresses each item in a financial statement
starting with the highest value down to the lowest value.
as a percent of the item in the previous year.
as a percent of a base amount.
in dollars and cents.
Process costing is used when
production is aimed at filling a specific customer order.
dissimilar products are involved.
costs are to be assigned to specific jobs.
the production process is continuous.
An important feature of a job order cost system is that each job
has its own distinguishing characteristics.
must be completed before a new job is accepted.
consists of one unit of output.
must be similar to previous jobs completed.
In a process cost system, product costs are summarized:
on job cost sheets.
w.
Which of the following is an advantage of corporations relative to.docxphilipnelson29183
Which of the following is an advantage of corporations relative to partnerships and sole proprietorships?
Lower taxes.
Most common form of organization.
Reduced legal liability for investors.
Harder to transfer ownership.
The group of users of accounting information charged with achieving the goals of the business is its
auditors.
investors.
creditors.
managers.
Which of the following financial statements is concerned with the company at a point in time?
Statement of cash flows.
Retained Earnings statement.
Balance sheet.
Income statement.
An income statement
presents the revenues and expenses for a specific period of time.
reports the changes in assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity over a period of time.
reports the assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity at a specific date.
summarizes the changes in retained earnings for a specific period of time.
The most important information needed to determine if companies can pay their current obligations is the
projected net income for next year.
relationship between current assets and current liabilities.
relationship between short-term and long-term liabilities.
net income for this year.
A liquidity ratio measures the
income or operating success of a company over a period of time.
ability of a company to survive over a long period of time.
percentage of total financing provided by creditors.
short-term ability of a company to pay its maturing obligations and to meet unexpected needs for
cash.
The convention of consistency refers to consistent use of accounting principles
among firms.
among accounting periods.
throughout the accounting periods.
within industries.
Horizontal analysis is also known as
vertical analysis.
trend analysis.
linear analysis.
common size analysis.
Horizontal analysis is a technique for evaluating a series of financial statement data over a period of time
to determine the amount and/or percentage increase or decrease that has taken place.
that has been arranged from the lowest number to the highest number.
that has been arranged from the highest number to the lowest number.
to determine which items are in error.
Vertical analysis is a technique that expresses each item in a financial statement
starting with the highest value down to the lowest value.
in dollars and cents.
as a percent of the item in the previous year.
as a percent of a base amount.
Process costing is used when
production is aimed at filling a specific customer order.
dissimilar products are involved.
the production process is continuous.
costs are to be assigned to specific jobs.
An important feature of a job order cost system is that each job
has its own distinguishing characteristics.
must be completed before a new job is accepted.
consists of one unit of output.
must be similar to previous jobs completed.
In a process cost system, product costs are summarized:
after each unit is produced..
Which of the following is an advantage of corporations relative to.docxalanfhall8953
Which of the following is an advantage of corporations relative to partnerships and sole proprietorships?
Reduced legal liability for investors.
Harder to transfer ownership.
Lower taxes.
Most common form of organization.
The group of users of accounting information charged with achieving the goals of the business is its
managers.
auditors.
investors.
creditors.
Which of the following financial statements is concerned with the company at a point in time?
Retained Earnings statement.
Income statement.
Statement of cash flows.
Balance sheet.
An income statement
reports the changes in assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity over a period of time.
presents the revenues and expenses for a specific period of time.
reports the assets, liabilities, and stockholders’ equity at a specific date.
summarizes the changes in retained earnings for a specific period of time.
The most important information needed to determine if companies can pay their current obligations is the
relationship between short-term and long-term liabilities.
projected net income for next year.
net income for this year.
relationship between current assets and current liabilities.
A liquidity ratio measures the
ability of a company to survive over a long period of time.
short-term ability of a company to pay its maturing obligations and to meet unexpected needs for cash.
percentage of total financing provided by creditors.
income or operating success of a company over a period of time.
The convention of consistency refers to consistent use of accounting principles
within industries.
among accounting periods.
among firms.
throughout the accounting periods.
Horizontal analysis is also known as
linear analysis.
vertical analysis.
common size analysis.
trend analysis.
Horizontal analysis is a technique for evaluating a series of financial statement data over a period of time
to determine the amount and/or percentage increase or decrease that has taken place.
that has been arranged from the highest number to the lowest number.
that has been arranged from the lowest number to the highest number.
to determine which items are in error.
Vertical analysis is a technique that expresses each item in a financial statement
starting with the highest value down to the lowest value.
as a percent of the item in the previous year.
as a percent of a base amount.
in dollars and cents.
Process costing is used when
production is aimed at filling a specific customer order.
dissimilar products are involved.
costs are to be assigned to specific jobs.
the production process is continuous.
An important feature of a job order cost system is that each job
has its own distinguishing characteristics.
must be completed before a new job is accepted.
consists of one unit of output.
must be similar to previous jobs completed.
In a process cost system, product costs are summarized:
on job cost sheets.
w.
Calculating cost of goods sold in manufacturingMRPeasy
Calculating Cost of Goods Sold in Manufacturing
Efficiency is the lifeblood of any manufacturing company and the cost of goods sold (COGS) is among the most important measurement of successful businesses. What is it and how to calculate it?
https://manufacturing-software-blog.mrpeasy.com/2019/03/26/calculating-cost-of-goods-sold-in-manufacturing/
https://www.mrpeasy.com/
1 Huffman Trucking Memo To All Senior Staff F.docxmercysuttle
1
Huffman Trucking
Memo
To: All Senior Staff
From: Kristen Huffman, CEO & President
Re: New Strategic Direction
Thank you for attending our annual strategic planning session. Given recent changes in the economy and
customer needs, a new direction for our company is necessary. After reviewing how other companies
restructured themselves in recent years, we will mirror how UPS® conducts business as a
partner/consultant with large customers. For our company, however, we will go a step further and become a
warehousing/local just-in-time (JIT) delivery source, instead of providing logistics advice to clients, as UPS®
does.
To accomplish this, we must integrate this new direction into our upcoming strategic plan and financial
planning. First, I need all department managers to prepare their budgets.
I would also like our accounting department to move ahead on a preliminary set of pro forma statements,
even without final budgets, using the following assumptions. They must determine if external funding is
needed.
I have attached a summary of assumptions about this new direction.
New Strategic Direction
Page 2
1. Assume inflation of 4% on expenses, not including depreciation and taxes. This is in addition to the
new initiative’s costs.
New Strategic Initiative Assumptions
Huffman may overcome increased competition and economic slowdown by initiating a new strategy; this
will turn our company into a one-stop shop and key logistics company. We will provide consulting services,
generate revenues, and become a JIT warehouse/delivery source. A local retailer selling products from a
distant manufacturing plant, for example, may accept JIT deliveries, instead of 40-foot trailer loads. This
would be fulfilled by the local operation.
2. Assume the following regarding variables versus fixed-nature-of-income-statement operating
expenses for the existing business:
a. 80% of wage benefits is variable and 20% is fixed.
b. 100% of fuel expenses, purchased transportation, and operating supplies is variable.
c. 100% of operating taxes is fixed.
d. 20% of insurance and claims is fixed; the balance is variable.
e. Assume depreciation, even with new expenditures, is fixed as the retirement of written-off
assets, equaling new equipment.
3. There will be new spending areas reflected on future budgets to reflect added satellite warehouse
costs and space rental and costs of running the locations.
a. In the first year, add $10 million of inflation, space rental, and operating costs at 25% of
revenues from the new initiative.
b. In the second year, add $10 million space rental, with inflation at the same variable percentage
of sales.
c. In the third year, add $7.5 million of the variable percentage of sales.
4. In marketing, budget accounts have been added for new incurred costs. We will continue our
present promotion and launch a new program, with the assistance of our marketing partner, the ABC
...
Financial plan and controll entrepreneurshipfatimanajam4
This file is uploaded to help the students learning finance easier. It will give a general understanding of planning and controlling of financial resources.
the document is on Cost volume profit analysis.
(Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis is used to determine how changes in costs and volume affect a company's operating income and net income.)
· · · Must be a foreign film with subtitles· Provide you wit.docxLynellBull52
·
·
· Must be a foreign film with subtitles
· Provide you with a glimpse of what life is like in another culture
· The process of watching this movie or TV show should provide you with a unique cultural experience.
· Watch the movie or TV show that you selected, and use your reactions as part of your response to the following topic:
· Define ethnocentrism. Discuss how ethnocentrism affects individuals and societies.
Write a paper of 2–3 pages addressing the following:
· Provide a comprehensive overview of the concept of ethnocentrism.
· Use your cultural experience of watching the selected movie or TV show to discuss the effect of ethnocentrism on individuals and societies.
· Use any personal experiences that you may have had visiting different countries around the world as part of this paper; however, do not let your personal experiences with other cultures be the focal point of this paper.
· The focal point of the paper is your cultural experience watching the selected movie or TV show and your comprehensive overview of the concept of ethnocentrism.
· Please note that this paper is not intended to be a summary of the movie or TV show.
· This paper is not a book review or overview of the movie or TV show you selected.
· Focus on the cultural observations that you are able to make based on this experience and your discussion of the concept of ethnocentrism.
Please submit your assignment.
The following rubric will be used for grading:
Grading Rubric
Submission addresses content requirements
30%
Evidenced critical thinking and connection to real-world and assignment scenario applicability
40%
Justified ideas and responses by using appropriate examples and references from texts, Web sites, and other references or personal experience
20%
Adherence to assignment deadlines, length requirement, correct spelling and proper grammar, and properly formatted per APA style
10%
For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials. Please refer to the following multimedia course material(s):
· Unit 2: Social Interaction (Watch It)
· Unit 2: Social Interaction and Group Functioning
· Unit 2: Social Interaction (Answer It)
· Unit 2: Concepts in Sociology
· Unit 2: Social Groups and Organizations
Instructions
You and your teammates are working for a company as members of their management team.
Write a 1,300- to 1,500-word management plan that includes the following:
•Discuss the best methods that the management team can use to problem solve areas under consideration.
•Discuss how judgment is included in these processes.
•Provide an example in your plan.
Sources should include the course text and at least 1 peer-reviewed journal article.
Papers should adhere to APA style.
Problem Solving and Judgment
Everyday we’re faced with making a decision or decisions, some are life changing, and others may be derived from a policy or procedure that has little or no input from the individual that requires a judgment t.
· Identify the stakeholders and how they were affected by Heene.docxLynellBull52
· Identify the stakeholders and how they were affected by Heene's actions?
· 2. What stage of moral reasoning is exhibited by Richard Heene's actions? Do you believe the punishment fit the crime? Why or why not?
· 3. Explain how the cognitive-developmental approach influences one's ability to make ethical judgments.
4. How do you assess at what stage of moral development in Kohlberg's model you reason at in making decisions? Are you satisfied with that stage? Do you believe there are factors or forces preventing you from reasoning at a higher level? If so, what are they?
.
· · Re WEEK ONE - DISCUSSION QUESTION # 2posted by DONALD DEN.docxLynellBull52
·
· Re: WEEK ONE - DISCUSSION QUESTION # 2
posted by DONALD DENNIS
Aug 19, 2014, 8:31 AM
Financial statements are crucial documents with details of what the company earns, how they earn, as well as what and how the company spends its money.
The income statement shows figures of profitability of that given company over a period of time. The statements usually include detailed sections of revenue, gains in addition to their expenses and losses. If revenue and gains are greater than expenses and losses, the income statement will show a profit for the company
The balance sheet provides information about the company's financial situation over a period of time. This information is used to make certain business decisions for future projects, plans or general business operations. The balance sheet includes more information than that of the income statement. This information included the company's assets, liabilities, in addition to the stockholders' equity (their investment). The assets should always equal liabilities, plus the stockholders investment(s).
· Comment on Aug 19, 2014, 6:52 PM
Re: WEEK ONE - DISCUSSION QUESTION # 2
posted by Linda Moore
Aug 19, 2014, 6:52 PM
Good! The income statement tells us what we've earned, our sales and expenses, and in the balance sheet we see our assets and liabilities, and owner's equity. The equity will also increase if we have net income and other investments from our owners. Our income statement tells us a lot especially when we compare months over time - we can see trends of expenses and revenues; and analyze what has changed.
Class: Any questions?
· Comment on Aug 20, 2014, 9:13 AM
2 Other Statements
posted by DONALD DENNIS
Aug 20, 2014, 9:13 AM
Other than the income and balance sheets, there are two other documents that are just as important. More about these will be mentioned in this week and class.
Owners equity statement - This shows and explains changes in the retained earnings. Retained earnings are on the balance sheet and will change due to incomes or dividends.
Cash flow statement - A company could be successful, yet lack cash to pay its bills. This will show sources of cash and where cash is being used.
· Comment on Aug 20, 2014, 11:36 AM
Re: 2 Other Statements
posted by Mark Pollack
Aug 20, 2014, 11:36 AM
Donald,
You bring up a great point about the cash flow statement. I was a small business owner in a retail strip center. I cant tell you how many conversations I had with fellow business owners that were struggling to pay there bills; however they showed a profit. The company used the money in various ways other than appropriately such as product that did not sell, decorations, "write-offs" for their home. I do believe that many small businesses fail because they are underfunded and do not use simple accounting principles to determine its health.
Mark
· Comment on Aug 21, 2014, 10:09 AM
Re: 2 Other Statements
posted by DONALD DENNIS
Aug 21, 2014, 10:09 AM
I curre.
More Related Content
Similar to Company 1Company #1Income StatementBalance SheetAll numbers in tho
Calculating cost of goods sold in manufacturingMRPeasy
Calculating Cost of Goods Sold in Manufacturing
Efficiency is the lifeblood of any manufacturing company and the cost of goods sold (COGS) is among the most important measurement of successful businesses. What is it and how to calculate it?
https://manufacturing-software-blog.mrpeasy.com/2019/03/26/calculating-cost-of-goods-sold-in-manufacturing/
https://www.mrpeasy.com/
1 Huffman Trucking Memo To All Senior Staff F.docxmercysuttle
1
Huffman Trucking
Memo
To: All Senior Staff
From: Kristen Huffman, CEO & President
Re: New Strategic Direction
Thank you for attending our annual strategic planning session. Given recent changes in the economy and
customer needs, a new direction for our company is necessary. After reviewing how other companies
restructured themselves in recent years, we will mirror how UPS® conducts business as a
partner/consultant with large customers. For our company, however, we will go a step further and become a
warehousing/local just-in-time (JIT) delivery source, instead of providing logistics advice to clients, as UPS®
does.
To accomplish this, we must integrate this new direction into our upcoming strategic plan and financial
planning. First, I need all department managers to prepare their budgets.
I would also like our accounting department to move ahead on a preliminary set of pro forma statements,
even without final budgets, using the following assumptions. They must determine if external funding is
needed.
I have attached a summary of assumptions about this new direction.
New Strategic Direction
Page 2
1. Assume inflation of 4% on expenses, not including depreciation and taxes. This is in addition to the
new initiative’s costs.
New Strategic Initiative Assumptions
Huffman may overcome increased competition and economic slowdown by initiating a new strategy; this
will turn our company into a one-stop shop and key logistics company. We will provide consulting services,
generate revenues, and become a JIT warehouse/delivery source. A local retailer selling products from a
distant manufacturing plant, for example, may accept JIT deliveries, instead of 40-foot trailer loads. This
would be fulfilled by the local operation.
2. Assume the following regarding variables versus fixed-nature-of-income-statement operating
expenses for the existing business:
a. 80% of wage benefits is variable and 20% is fixed.
b. 100% of fuel expenses, purchased transportation, and operating supplies is variable.
c. 100% of operating taxes is fixed.
d. 20% of insurance and claims is fixed; the balance is variable.
e. Assume depreciation, even with new expenditures, is fixed as the retirement of written-off
assets, equaling new equipment.
3. There will be new spending areas reflected on future budgets to reflect added satellite warehouse
costs and space rental and costs of running the locations.
a. In the first year, add $10 million of inflation, space rental, and operating costs at 25% of
revenues from the new initiative.
b. In the second year, add $10 million space rental, with inflation at the same variable percentage
of sales.
c. In the third year, add $7.5 million of the variable percentage of sales.
4. In marketing, budget accounts have been added for new incurred costs. We will continue our
present promotion and launch a new program, with the assistance of our marketing partner, the ABC
...
Financial plan and controll entrepreneurshipfatimanajam4
This file is uploaded to help the students learning finance easier. It will give a general understanding of planning and controlling of financial resources.
the document is on Cost volume profit analysis.
(Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis is used to determine how changes in costs and volume affect a company's operating income and net income.)
· · · Must be a foreign film with subtitles· Provide you wit.docxLynellBull52
·
·
· Must be a foreign film with subtitles
· Provide you with a glimpse of what life is like in another culture
· The process of watching this movie or TV show should provide you with a unique cultural experience.
· Watch the movie or TV show that you selected, and use your reactions as part of your response to the following topic:
· Define ethnocentrism. Discuss how ethnocentrism affects individuals and societies.
Write a paper of 2–3 pages addressing the following:
· Provide a comprehensive overview of the concept of ethnocentrism.
· Use your cultural experience of watching the selected movie or TV show to discuss the effect of ethnocentrism on individuals and societies.
· Use any personal experiences that you may have had visiting different countries around the world as part of this paper; however, do not let your personal experiences with other cultures be the focal point of this paper.
· The focal point of the paper is your cultural experience watching the selected movie or TV show and your comprehensive overview of the concept of ethnocentrism.
· Please note that this paper is not intended to be a summary of the movie or TV show.
· This paper is not a book review or overview of the movie or TV show you selected.
· Focus on the cultural observations that you are able to make based on this experience and your discussion of the concept of ethnocentrism.
Please submit your assignment.
The following rubric will be used for grading:
Grading Rubric
Submission addresses content requirements
30%
Evidenced critical thinking and connection to real-world and assignment scenario applicability
40%
Justified ideas and responses by using appropriate examples and references from texts, Web sites, and other references or personal experience
20%
Adherence to assignment deadlines, length requirement, correct spelling and proper grammar, and properly formatted per APA style
10%
For assistance with your assignment, please use your text, Web resources, and all course materials. Please refer to the following multimedia course material(s):
· Unit 2: Social Interaction (Watch It)
· Unit 2: Social Interaction and Group Functioning
· Unit 2: Social Interaction (Answer It)
· Unit 2: Concepts in Sociology
· Unit 2: Social Groups and Organizations
Instructions
You and your teammates are working for a company as members of their management team.
Write a 1,300- to 1,500-word management plan that includes the following:
•Discuss the best methods that the management team can use to problem solve areas under consideration.
•Discuss how judgment is included in these processes.
•Provide an example in your plan.
Sources should include the course text and at least 1 peer-reviewed journal article.
Papers should adhere to APA style.
Problem Solving and Judgment
Everyday we’re faced with making a decision or decisions, some are life changing, and others may be derived from a policy or procedure that has little or no input from the individual that requires a judgment t.
· Identify the stakeholders and how they were affected by Heene.docxLynellBull52
· Identify the stakeholders and how they were affected by Heene's actions?
· 2. What stage of moral reasoning is exhibited by Richard Heene's actions? Do you believe the punishment fit the crime? Why or why not?
· 3. Explain how the cognitive-developmental approach influences one's ability to make ethical judgments.
4. How do you assess at what stage of moral development in Kohlberg's model you reason at in making decisions? Are you satisfied with that stage? Do you believe there are factors or forces preventing you from reasoning at a higher level? If so, what are they?
.
· · Re WEEK ONE - DISCUSSION QUESTION # 2posted by DONALD DEN.docxLynellBull52
·
· Re: WEEK ONE - DISCUSSION QUESTION # 2
posted by DONALD DENNIS
Aug 19, 2014, 8:31 AM
Financial statements are crucial documents with details of what the company earns, how they earn, as well as what and how the company spends its money.
The income statement shows figures of profitability of that given company over a period of time. The statements usually include detailed sections of revenue, gains in addition to their expenses and losses. If revenue and gains are greater than expenses and losses, the income statement will show a profit for the company
The balance sheet provides information about the company's financial situation over a period of time. This information is used to make certain business decisions for future projects, plans or general business operations. The balance sheet includes more information than that of the income statement. This information included the company's assets, liabilities, in addition to the stockholders' equity (their investment). The assets should always equal liabilities, plus the stockholders investment(s).
· Comment on Aug 19, 2014, 6:52 PM
Re: WEEK ONE - DISCUSSION QUESTION # 2
posted by Linda Moore
Aug 19, 2014, 6:52 PM
Good! The income statement tells us what we've earned, our sales and expenses, and in the balance sheet we see our assets and liabilities, and owner's equity. The equity will also increase if we have net income and other investments from our owners. Our income statement tells us a lot especially when we compare months over time - we can see trends of expenses and revenues; and analyze what has changed.
Class: Any questions?
· Comment on Aug 20, 2014, 9:13 AM
2 Other Statements
posted by DONALD DENNIS
Aug 20, 2014, 9:13 AM
Other than the income and balance sheets, there are two other documents that are just as important. More about these will be mentioned in this week and class.
Owners equity statement - This shows and explains changes in the retained earnings. Retained earnings are on the balance sheet and will change due to incomes or dividends.
Cash flow statement - A company could be successful, yet lack cash to pay its bills. This will show sources of cash and where cash is being used.
· Comment on Aug 20, 2014, 11:36 AM
Re: 2 Other Statements
posted by Mark Pollack
Aug 20, 2014, 11:36 AM
Donald,
You bring up a great point about the cash flow statement. I was a small business owner in a retail strip center. I cant tell you how many conversations I had with fellow business owners that were struggling to pay there bills; however they showed a profit. The company used the money in various ways other than appropriately such as product that did not sell, decorations, "write-offs" for their home. I do believe that many small businesses fail because they are underfunded and do not use simple accounting principles to determine its health.
Mark
· Comment on Aug 21, 2014, 10:09 AM
Re: 2 Other Statements
posted by DONALD DENNIS
Aug 21, 2014, 10:09 AM
I curre.
· Week 3 AssignmentGovernment and Not-For-Profit AccountingVal.docxLynellBull52
· Week 3 Assignment
Government and Not-For-Profit Accounting
Value of Donated Assets
Which is the proper value to be assigned to certain donated assets? (This is a question for which answers cannot be found in either GASB pronouncements or the text), research is necessary.
A city’s road maintenance department received “donations” of two type of assets:
1. From the county in which the city is located it received earthmoving equipment. The equipment had cost the county $800,000 when it was acquired five years earlier. Accounted for in a county proprietary fund, its book value, net of accumulated depreciation at the time of donation, was $500,000. Its fair market value was $530,000.
2. From the city’s own utility fund (a proprietary fund) it received motor vehicles that had cost the city $400,000 when acquired three years earlier. At the time of transfer, the vehicles were recorded on the utility’s books at $180,000, net of accumulated depreciation. Their fair market value was #225,000.
Write a 1000 word, APA you answer style paper where the following:
1. At what value should the city record in its government-wide financial statements for: (1) the earth-moving equipment, and (2) the motor vehicles?
1. Briefly justify your response, commenting on any apparent inconsistencies in the values assigned to each of the two types of assets.
1. Comment on the significance of the resultant book values for decisions or assessments to be made by statement users.
Myth Clash Paper #1
Zheng Hui
The present paper will discuss how different ancient poets describe the myths. It will compare and Contrast the two versions of the myth of the Cyclops Polyphemus in the Archaic Greek poet Homer’s Odyssey (EH 298-314) and in the Hellenistic poet Theocritus' poem (Idyll 11) (ACM 399-401). It will also elaborate how Roman poet Ovid combine elements from each of these earlier poets’ versions to make his own version of the myth in his poem, the Metamorphoses (OM 374-381). In general, the paper will discuss and analyze the differences and similarities among several versions from different aspects including characters, features, techniques and others.
According to ancient Greek myth, there were three separate tribes of the mythical, one eyed giants known as Cyclops, or Cyclopes. One of them is the Ouranian Cyclopes, who was the offspring of Gaea and Ouranos. Besides, there is also another Cyclops called the mason-Cyclopes, who represents workers in Hephaestus’s forge. The third one is the shepherd-like Cyclopes, who was neighbors of the island-dwelling Polyphemus, who was a son of Poseidon (Weinstock, 2013). Based on the description of the Cyclopes in the ancient Greek myth, one feature that is present in all these Cyclopes is that they had one unique anatomy. In addition, they all had a single round eye in the middle of their foreheads. In fact, the eye, according to the Greek poet Hesiod, is the source of their name.
In Greek, Cyclops means “circle-eye.” These giants .
· Week 10 Assignment 2 Submission
Students, please view the "Submit a Clickable Rubric Assignment" in the Student Center.
Instructors, training on how to grade is within the Instructor Center.
Click the link above to submit your assignment.
Assignment 2: Critical Thinking
Topic: "People have become overly dependent on technology"
Your paper should present a reasoned, convincing argument for a position on a selected topic.
Write a four to six (4-6) page paper in which you:
1. Follow the five (5) steps of persuasion: establishing credibility, acknowledging the audience’s position, constructing a rationale, transplanting root elements, and asking for a response.
2. Clearly define your position and supporting evidence.
3. Include all the necessary “evidence” for the reader to reach the expected conclusion in each argument in the paper (whether the overriding argument or one contained in an individual paragraph)
4. Ensure that each argument in the paper (whether the overriding argument or one contained in an individual paragraph) is valid and free from both formal and informal fallacies.
5. Include at least four (4) references (sources). At least one (1) of your sources must be obtained from the collection of databases accessible from the Learning Resources Center Web page.
The paper should follow guidelines for clear and effectively organized writing:
• The paper is well-organized, and every explanation is both complete and easy to understand.
• Include an introductory paragraph and concluding paragraph for the paper.
• Main ideas should be addressed in body paragraphs with a topic sentence and supporting sentences.
• Adhere to standard rules of English grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.
• The paper should be checked for spelling and grammatical errors.
Your assignment must:
• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
• Create written work utilizing the concepts of critical thinking.
• Use technology and information resources to research issues in critical thinking skills and informal logic.
• Write clearly and concisely about issues in critical thinking using proper writing mechanics.
.
· Write in paragraph format (no lists, bullets, or numbers).· .docxLynellBull52
· Write in paragraph format (no lists, bullets, or numbers).
· Do not re-write the question(s) from the assignment list.
· Ensure that you have a minimum of three (3) paragraphs.
· Each paragraph should be six (6) to eight (8) sentences each.
· Include at least one in-text citation per paragraph that corresponds to the References.
· You need to use and cite at least two (2) references for each submitted assignment, including DBs.
Remember we are in a college-level course. As such, you need to clearly and thoroughly answer every question asked in each project. This will rarely be accomplished with one or two sentences. In addition to providing a basic answer for each question, a quality response will explain:
a. “How” you arrived at your answer(s)
b. “What” facts and sources you reviewed and considered
c.“Why” your response is the best one from all the alternatives
SPE 352N Module 3 Lecture Instructional Strategies for Teaching Students With MR
When thinking about how to instruct students with mental retardation, educators must consider the fact that instructional organization and effective instructional delivery are the keys to success. Instruction is not just done in some sort of haphazard, discovery-learning manner without any particular goals in mind; rather, teachers should be thinking about their students' particular disability and their associated learning characteristics from start to finish.
Three Assumptions To Guide Instructional Delivery
Assumptions in science have to do with laying out ground rules or basic agreements about how something is to be interpreted, discussed, or studied by interested parties; it is much like setting the rules for playing a game. Similarly, teachers need basic assumptions to govern the science and practice of teaching. The first assumption teachers should come to agreement about is that due to the unique learning characteristics of students with mental retardation, instructional procedures that work well for typically developing students may not work as well with this population (Taylor, Richards, & Brady, 2005). The learning characteristics of students with mental retardation will ultimately affect what actual skills will be learned and what educational goals can realistically be attained. So while typically developing students will benefit from the global general education curriculum, the educational goals and specific skills students with mental retardation will focus on will depend heavily on the decisions of an individualized education plan (IEP) team as they consider the unique educational needs and monitor instructional progress over time (Miner & Bates, 1997).
The second assumption teachers of students with mental retardation should adhere to is that instructional progress can only be obtained if that instruction is direct and explicit. The idea that typically developing students do not need precise instruction to make academic gains is losing ground in America because s.
· WEEK 1 Databases and SecurityLesson· Databases and Security.docxLynellBull52
· WEEK 1: Databases and SecurityLesson
· Databases and Security
Databases are in just about everything we use today. When you are performing any task, think to yourself, Does this involve a database in some way?
As a daily process, communication occurs between people by many mediums, but there is no other medium more utilized than the large internetwork of computer systems we know as the Internet. When we look at some of the transactions that are performed on a daily basis, it is highly likely that there is a database involved. For example, if you open a web page to www.google.com and type a keyword in the textbox to search for, this process starts a series of searches through multiple databases. Another example is when searching for a book in the APUS library, this search is conducted using a database of books known as a catalog. so databases play an integral part in our daily lives; they store millions of pieces of data and more is collected each day (Basta, 2012).
In recent years, we find that technology has expanded to the reaches of utilities and production environments. Many of the utilities we come to rely on so heavily, such as gas, oil and electric, have been tied into the networks we use today. This interconnection allows for many new innovations in keeping everything in working order, but at the same time it also presents some very real threats to security. In reality, an intruder could take down an entire electrical grid which would remove power to millions of customers. An article in CIO Insight gives a great perspective on this and other issues in security where databases play such an important role (CIOInsight, 2011).
With the importance of securing the database infrastructure, we need to look at a multilayered approach to security. As can be seen in many security programs, multiple layers allow for strong security because it adds another roadblock that an intruder has to bypass to get to these systems. This same approach leads us to begin with the foundation of security; the CIA Triad. It all begins with the most basic approach, computer security and moves forward from that point on. Below is a detailed description of the components of the CIA Triad from (Basta, 2012):
· Confidentiality: For a system to provide confidentiality, it needs to do two things: ensure that information maintains its privacy by limiting authorized access to resources; block unauthorized access to resources.
· Integrity: This refers to the efforts taken through policy, procedure, and design in order to create and maintain reliable, consistent, and complete information and systems.
· Availability: This refers to the efforts taken through policy, procedures, and design to maintain the accessibility of resources on a network or within a database. These resources include, but are not limited to, data, applications, other databases, computers, servers, applications, files, drives, shares, and network access.
Database Structure, Models and Management
A databa.
· Unit 4 Citizen RightsINTRODUCTIONIn George Orwells Animal.docxLynellBull52
· Unit 4 Citizen Rights
INTRODUCTION
In George Orwell's Animal Farm, the assertion that "all animals are equal but some animals are more equal than others" signals the breakdown of any semblance of a fair society. We have probably all experienced it: a situation where someone who was better connected, more influential, or in a position of power could advance far beyond the position or actions of the common person. On a typical day, this happens in travel, restaurant seating, the selection of a church pew, and the line at the grocery store.
It should not, however, happen in our public services. As citizens, we all have rights, and we all have the same rights. That is the beauty of the United States's democratic government structure, and perhaps one of the most cherished aspects of it. Economic and social diversity aside, when we interact with the government, we expect to receive the same treatment, whether we are a Rockefeller or a plumber. The reality is that this balance of citizen rights is difficult to achieve, because in many cases, those wielding power and influence attempt to trump equity.
TOGGLE DRAWERHIDE FULL INTRODUCTION
Inherent in the concept of citizenship is the exchange wherein citizens give allegiance to a nation and receive protection offered by that nation. Citizens therefore have certain privileges in the eyes of the nation, such as the right to vote, to pay taxes, and to refuse certain actions, such as reciting the Pledge of Allegiance because it refers to God. There are benefits and entitlements that the citizen can demand from the government. These rights are balanced by responsibilities, such as upholding the law, participating in government, and engaging in the same privileges previously mentioned.
In this unit, issues of the middle class, the welfare state, and what constitutes citizenship will be examined based on the concept of citizen rights.
Reference
Orwell, G. (1945). Animal Farm. New York, NY: Harcourt Brace & Company.
SANDRA CISNEROS
Woman Hollering Creek
The day Don Serafín gave Juan Pedro Martínez Sánchez permission to take CleófilasEnriquetaDeLeón Hernández as his bride, across her father’s threshold, over several miles of dirt road and several miles of paved, over one border and beyond to a town en el otrolado—on the other side—already did he divine the morning his daughter would raise her hand over her eyes, look south, and dream of returning to the chores that never ended, six good-for-nothing brothers, and one old man’s complaints.
He had said, after all, in the hubbub of parting: I am your father, I will never abandon you. He had said that, hadn’t he, when he hugged and then let her go. But at the moment Cleófilas was busy looking for Chela, her maid of honor, to fulfill their bouquet conspiracy. She would not remember her father’s parting words until later. I am your father, I will never abandon you.
Only now as a mother did she remember. Now, when she and Juan Pedrito sat by the creek’s edge..
· Unit Interface-User Interaction· Assignment Objectives Em.docxLynellBull52
· Unit: Interface-User Interaction
· Assignment Objectives: Employ appropriate tools and methods for simple, functional, and effective interfaces.
· Deliverable Length: Screenshot or functional application, and a Word document of 1-2 pages
Building on your initial user interface (UI) design mock-up of the organization’s program UI, the interface now needs to present more information to the user. Complete the following for this assignment:
· The interface should present information visually with icons or graphics and text regarding critical issues related to the system, such as the following:
· New orders
· Change in employee status
· Updated pictures
· New products or services offered
· You must add at least 5 critical issue UI design items to your interface. Remember to ensure that these are easily understood by users.
· Submit a screenshot in Word or another functional application.
· Describe the items that you added to your interface design. Be specific with your descriptions, and identify the particular design features along with an explanation of why they are added in the way that they were.
.
· The Victims’ Rights MovementWrite a 2 page paper. Address the.docxLynellBull52
· The Victims’ Rights Movement
Write a 2 page paper. Address the following in your paper:
· Explain how has the victims’ rights movement has affected the criminal justice system and the rights of offenders?
Include a title page and 3-5 references. Only one reference may be from the internet (not Wikipedia).
Paper 2
· Victim Selection
Write a 2 page paper. Address the following in your paper:
· Is the victim selection process different between team serial killers and those who work alone?
· Discuss any differences and or similarities as it relates to motives, methods, and offender history.
· Support your argument. Be sure to cite your resource(s), use APA style formatting.
Include a title page and 3-5 references. Only one reference may be from the internet (not Wikipedia
Paper 3
· Credit Card Crime
In a two to three page paper, please discuss the following: Assume a person accidentally picks up a credit card that is not theirs and uses the card in several instances.
Can the person be charged with multiple violations of a state statute that makes it a crime to "knowingly obtain, possess, use, or transfer a means of identification or financial information of another?" Why or why not? See State vs. Leyda, 138 P.3d 610 (Wash. 2006).
Make sure you format your paper and cite all sources used in this paper appropriately according to APA style guidelines.
.
· Question 1· · How does internal environmental analy.docxLynellBull52
· Question 1
·
·
How does internal environmental analysis help health care organizations sustain competitive advantage? As a health care leader, what are some of the key aspects that you will assess in conducting your own internal environmental analysis?
Question 2
· How does the “value chain” relate to health care organizations? What is the role of the value chain in the strategic planning process?
Question 3
· How can the value chain be used to identify organizational strengths and weaknesses in health care organizations?
· Question 4
·
Read the Perspective 4-3–LEAN Six Sigma on page 140 in your textbook Discuss the Ottawa Ankle Rules as an example of Six Sigma utilization. How was Six Sigma beneficial in this case example? Think about your own health care organization or one which you hope to lead. How might Six Sigma be utilized in your own facility, as our colleagues in Ottawa did a few years ago?
ATT00001
ATT00002
ATT00003
ATT00004
ATT00005
Clarence_Eder_Biography_(Jan_2015) (1).pdf
BIOGRAPHY: CLARENCE L. EDER (January 2015)
Clarence Eder is a retired United States Air Force officer and is currently working as Principal Acquisition
Associate and Senior Systems Engineer for Quantech Services, Inc. in El Segundo, California. He leads a team
of systems engineers and acquisition professionals in the development of strategies and documents to start the
new Air Force Weather Systems Follow-On (WSF) program. Clarence has over 18 years of acquisitions,
engineering, and operational experience in space, intelligence, missile defense, and aircraft programs.
Clarence was raised in Honolulu, Hawaii. He graduated with a Mechanical Engineering degree from the
University of Hawaii and was commissioned into the Air Force in 1996. As a second lieutenant, he was
assigned to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio. He worked to improve Air Force flying training
systems, and then became a project manager to improve T-37 aircraft engines and A-10 aircraft engines.
In 1999, he was assigned to Space and Missiles Systems Center in Los Angeles, California. He worked as an
Acquisition Support manager to implement Department of Defense (DoD) processes and policies to major space
programs. As a captain, he became a Mission Integration Manager for launch vehicles. He led teams to
integrate Global Positioning System (GPS), weather, and intelligence satellites into the newly acquired $18.8B
Air Force rockets. He also worked Ground systems integration issues.
In 2003, he was assigned to the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGA) in Reston, Virginia to be Chief
of Tactical Imagery Dissemination. He led a team to develop, test, and deploy a $17M imagery system. He
trained Navy Seals and Special Forces deployed worldwide to use the system. As a major, he became a
Contacting Officer Technical Representative (COTR) for the $2B Geoscout program, NG.
· Question 1Question 192 out of 2 pointsWhat file in the.docxLynellBull52
· Question 1Question 19
2 out of 2 points
What file in the etc/ directory contains user’s hashed password?
Selected Answer:
etc/shadow file
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
[None Given]
· Question 20
1 out of 2 points
What file and file-field are read by the finger command?
Selected Answer:
Passwd file, it reads user id info like user name phone number and so on
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
gecos field
· Question 21
0 out of 2 points
When a parent process dies, what happens to any child processes that are still running?
Selected Answer:
They Child Processes keep running
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
process becomes child of init
· Question 22
1 out of 2 points
What is the effect of the command: $ killall root (Where root is the root account of the system)
Selected Answer:
It canceles all the Processes that the user
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
shutdown
· Question 23
2 out of 2 points
List 4 shortcomings of root accounts.
Selected Answer:
1- Single Point of failure if compromised
2-The security model is not strong enough for a network
3-High security environments enforce rules that cannot be implemented with traditional UNIX
4- Since some rules are implemented in command code, modification requires rewrite and recompilation
5- Minimal support for auditing
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
[None Given]
· Question 24
1 out of 2 points
Write a BASH command that would force the OS into single-user mode.
Selected Answer:
Root should run the init command to change the run level using the letter s or the number 1 for example
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
telinit 1
· Question 25
0 out of 2 points
Explain when it would be necessary to use the non-rewinding interface file of any backup device.
Selected Answer:
To implement permanent changes to the backup device
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
Only if multiple dumps were being made to the same tape drive. Failure to use the non-rewind would cause successive dumps to overwrite each other.
· Question 26
2 out of 2 points
What BASH shell command can send any signal level to a running process?
Selected Answer:
Kill Command
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
[None Given]
· Question 27
2 out of 2 points
Which two inter-process signals cannot be caught or blocked?
Selected Answer:
Kill process
Stop Process
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
[None Given]
· Question 28
2 out of 2 points
What BASH shell utility allows you to monitor CPU and memory usage?
Selected Answer:
Network Monitoring: Netstat, nethogs, iptraf, iftop
Disk I/O: iotop
CPU/ memory: top, Ps, htop, atop
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
[None Given]
· Question 29
0 out of 2 points
In the file permission listing drwxr-xr-x, what is the file type?
Selected Answer:
.sh
Correct Answer:
[None]
Response Feedback:
directory
· .
· Question 15 out of 5 pointsWhen psychologists discuss .docxLynellBull52
· Question 1
5 out of 5 points
When psychologists discuss fear, anger, sadness, joy, surprise, disgust, and contempt, they are usually describing the:
Answer
Selected Answer:
b.
primary emotions
· Question 2
5 out of 5 points
Studies on sex differences in emotion have found that men are more likely to ruminate about _____________ thoughts whereas women are more likely to ruminate about ____________.
Answer
Selected Answer:
a.
anger; depression
· Question 3
5 out of 5 points
Positive emotions evoke more electrical activity in the __________, and negative emotions evoke more activity in the __________.
Answer
Selected Answer:
c.
left hemisphere; right hemisphere
· Question 4
5 out of 5 points
What limbic structure is a center for fear responses?
Answer
Selected Answer:
b.
amygdala
· Question 5
5 out of 5 points
Imagine that you have just discovered a space craft that landed in a remote field near your home. Fortunately, the aliens aboard the space craft share your language, but they do not know anything about how to interact appropriately within the cultural norms of North America. Using your knowledge of emotions and emotional expression, create a list of 5 important points to remember when expressing emotion in this culture.
Answer
Selected Answer:
Smiling Frequently is ok
Dont kiss other male friends if male (european countries)
shake hands before hugging
Arms length of space between people, it can be seen as hostile or uncomfortable otherwise
Public displays of affection are often more acceptable then in other cultures
· Question 6
0 out of 5 points
Cindy used to study with her friend Amanda but found that she had to quit studying with her because Amanda was always so hyper and anxious before taking tests. Cindy often felt anxious after the study sessions and was worried that this might have a negative influence on her test performance. Cindy was probably experiencing:
Answer
Selected Answer:
c.
catharsis.
· Question 7
5 out of 5 points
Social and cultural rules that regulate when, how, and where a person may express emotions are referred to as:
Answer
Selected Answer:
c.
display rules
· Question 8
5 out of 5 points
Why are polygraph tests considered invalid or unreliable?
Answer
Selected Answer:
d.
There is no pattern of physical arousal that is specific to lying and distinct from other types of arousal
· Question 9
5 out of 5 points
This term is the process by which the facial muscles send messages to the brain about the basic emotion being expressed.
Answer
Selected Answer:
c.
facial feedback
· Question 10
5 out of 5 points
___________, or how we explain events or behavior, affect our emotional responses.
Answer
Selected Answer:
a.
Attributions
· Question 11
0 out of 5 points
In one study, infants were put on a modified version of a visual cliff that is only moderately frightening because the cliff did not dr.
· Question 1 2 out of 2 pointsWhich of the following i.docxLynellBull52
· Question 1
2 out of 2 points
Which of the following is not considered a union unfair labor practice?
Answer
Selected Answer:
under a valid union-shop agreement, demanding the discharge of an employee who fails to pay union dues
· Question 2
2 out of 2 points
In recent years,
Answer
Selected Answer:
all of the above
· Question 3
0 out of 2 points
The first U.S. President ever to grant official recognition to federal government employees to bargain collectively was President
Answer
Selected Answer:
Nixon
· Question 4
0 out of 2 points
Recent media campaign ads by the Automobile Workers have contained the message
Answer
Selected Answer:
"America works best when we say, 'Union, Yes!' "
· Question 5
0 out of 2 points
Most of the local union's time is devoted to
Answer
Selected Answer:
negotiating labor agreements.
· Question 6
0 out of 2 points
Most members of the National Education Association
Answer
Selected Answer:
support right-to-work laws
· Question 7
0 out of 2 points
About 85 percent of the UAW's spending goes to
Answer
Selected Answer:
strike funds.
· Question 8
0 out of 2 points
As compared to the Teachers, many of the building trades are much
Answer
Selected Answer:
less active in research efforts.
· Question 9
0 out of 2 points
In 1970, an unprecedented federal sector eight-day strile was carried on by the employees of the
Answer
Selected Answer:
State Department
· Question 10
2 out of 2 points
The American Federation of Labor was originally entitled the
Answer
Selected Answer:
Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions
· Question 11
0 out of 2 points
Under Taft-Hartley, if management or labor wishes to terminate or modify an existing labor contract, it must give a
Answer
Selected Answer:
thrity-day notice to the other party.
· Question 12
0 out of 2 points
At present, the unionized percentage of all United States workers is approximately
Answer
Selected Answer:
33.4
· Question 13
0 out of 2 points
In 1993, the Retail, Wholesale and Department Store Union merged with the
Answer
Selected Answer:
Service Employees International Union.
· Question 14
0 out of 2 points
By 1917 some thrity states had introduced
Answer
Selected Answer:
antitrust laws for unions.
· Question 15
0 out of 2 points
Investigation of union misconduct under the Landrum-Griffin is the responsibility of the
Answer
Selected Answer:
Senate Subcommittee on Ethics.
· Question 16
0 out of 2 points
COPE is a part of the
Answer
Selected Answer:
Furriers.
· Question 17
0 out of 2 points
When it has found that employees have been unlawfully discharged for union activities, the NLRB has most frequently required
Answer
Selected Answer:
automatic union certification.
· Question 18
2 out of 2 points
Employ.
· Processed on 09-Dec-2014 901 PM CST · ID 488406360 · Word .docxLynellBull52
· Processed on 09-Dec-2014 9:01 PM CST
· ID: 488406360
· Word Count: 1969
Similarity Index
47%
Similarity by Source
Internet Sources:
46%
Publications:
2%
Student Papers:
N/A
sources:
1
30% match (Internet from 27-Mar-2009)
http://www.isaca.org/Content/ContentGroups/Journal1/20023/The_IS_Audit_Process.htm
2
13% match (Internet from 29-Mar-2011)
http://www.scribd.com/doc/36655995/Chapter-1-the-Information-System-Audit-Process
3
2% match (publications)
Athula Ginige. "Web site auditing", Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Software engineering and knowledge engineering - SEKE 02 SEKE 02, 2002
4
1% match (Internet from 26-Feb-2012)
http://www.dc.fi.udc.es/~parapar/files/ai/The_IS_Audit_Process_isaca_sayana.pdf
5
1% match (Internet from 01-Apr-2009)
http://www.idkk.gov.tr/web/guest/it_audit_manual_isaca
paper text:
Running head: AUDITING INFORMATION SYSTEMS PROCESS Auditing information systems process Student’s Name University Affiliation Auditing information systems 2process Information systems are the livelihood of any huge business. As in past years, computer systems do not simply record transactions of business, but essentially drive the main business procedures of the enterprise. In such a situation, superior management and business managers do have worries concerning information systems. Auditing is a methodical process by which a proficient, independent person impartially obtains and assesses evidence concerning assertions about a financial entity or occasion for the reason of outlining an outlook about and reporting on the extent to which the contention matches to an acknowledged set of standards. Auditing of information systems is the administration controls assessment inside the communications of Information Technology. The obtained proof valuation is used to decide if systems of information are defensive assets, maintenance reliability of data, and also if they are efficiently operating in order to attain organization’s goals or objectives (Hoelzer, 2009). Auditing of Information Systems has become an essential part of business organization in both large and small business environments. This paper examines the preliminary points for carrying out and Information system audit and some of the, techniques, tools, guidelines and standards that can be employed to build, manage, and examine the review function. The Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA) qualifications is recognized worldwide as a standard of accomplishment for those who assess, monitor, control and audit the information technology of an organization and business systems. Information Systems experts with a concern in information systems security, control and audit. At least five years of specialized information systems security, auditing and control work practice is necessary for certification. An audit contract should be present to evidently state the responsibility of the management, 2objectives for, and designation of authority to Information .
· Strengths Public Recognition of OrganizationOverall Positive P.docxLynellBull52
· Strengths Public Recognition of Organization
Overall Positive Perception of Organization
Established Integrity and Longevity of the Organizations
Continued success in saving lives and always willing to lend a helping hand
Weaknesses
Lack of Congruency of public and internal views
Commitment to service to the public overlooks the work environment of the employees that make these endeavors possible daily
Opportunities
Disaster relief is always a turning point for anyone’s perception of the organization especially when it hits close to home
Threats
Possibility of not being able to help someone due to lack in financial or physical resources
Understanding that it’s impossible to please everyone, there could be some bad experiences that are communicated to many tarnishing the positive perception of the brand
Strengths with Opportunities
Increasing amount of volunteers and assistance of employees on a continual basis in order to secure definite support in the face of a disaster
Weaknesses with Threats
Increase and expand awareness of employees concerns through surveys and group discussions in order to increase the morale of the organization.
Strengths with Threats
With understanding the necessity of all aspects of the organization needing to be congruent, implementing and ensuring that public and employees all hold the same values to be true simultaneously through continued efforts of the organization increasing the involvement of the employees in minor decision making abilities in order to feel as if the organization is less of a dictatorship and slightly reflective of a democracy
Weaknesses with Opportunities
Increasing awareness of the severity of a need for this organization in the country due to the lack of ability by the country alone
.
· Part I Key Case SummaryThis case discusses the Union Carbid.docxLynellBull52
· Part I: Key
Case Summary
This case discusses the Union Carbide gas leak that occurred in Bhopal, India in 1984. Over five thousand people were killed and hundreds of thousands were injured after water inadvertently mixed with methyl isocyanate (MIC) causing the release of a deadly gas. The plant in Bhopal was a pesticide production facility that served the increasing demand of India’s thriving farming industry. However, uncontrolled zoning allowed the plant to be built within close proximity to a densely populated region. While the plant was initially profitable, market changes negatively impacted revenue forcing budget cuts that led to the decay of maintenance and safety practices. There are several theories as to why the incident occurred such as a disgruntled employee’s maliciousness or an accidental contamination. Over several years, Union Carbide paid out hundreds of millions of dollars to the survivors and ultimately ceased to exist, while the community continues to struggle with the aftermath of the disaster.
Main Critical Issues (the list):
· India’s officials adopted careless zoning practices and allowed the construction of the plant near dense population.
· The proper safety procedures were not followed and the equipment was not being properly utilized as designed. UCIL managers placed a higher weight on cost cutting than on safety, resulting in the reduction of maintenance and safety practices.
· Union Carbide Corp. did not require frequent reporting from its subsidiary in India (UCIL), which allowed malpractices and unsafe systems in the Bhopal plant to go unnoticed.
· Union Carbide Corporation and UCIL had an ethical obligation to warn the surrounding community of potential dangers of living close to the pesticide plant
· If the case, the disgruntled employees action to sabotage the plant to take vengeance
· Employees and supervisors in the Bhopal plant did not follow numerous policies and routines that could have prevented the tragedy (e.g. acting upon the alarming increase in the tank pressure, instead of postponing it to after the tea break).
· The residents were not informed of what actions to take in the event of a toxic leak or accident.
· The employees did not use the emergency buses to evacuate surrounding residents.
·
Part II: Key
Stakeholders:
The following are the stakeholders in the case: The Union Carbide’s Corporation Stockholders, The Bhopal’s population, The Indian Government, The Bombay Stock Exchange, The Union Carbide’s workers from de Indian subsidiary “UCIL”. The workers from Union Carbide headquarter in Connecticut, The Board of Directors of Union Carbide Headquarter, and The Board of Directors from Union Carbide’s Indian subsidiary. The American and Indian lawyers. UCIL’s Executives. Carbides’ Scientifics. Indian Scientists and engineers. Indian Court Systems. Insurance company. Indian Public. Corrupts Physicians. Corrupts Court Officials. Bhopal Congress. Chemical Industry. Dow Chemical. The Activis.
· Perceptual process is a process through manager receive organize.docxLynellBull52
· Perceptual process is a process through manager receive organize and interpret information. According to this case, after Andrea decided quit this job, Sam chose Grant for the manager position from three candidates, even he is not very suitable for this position, because Sam strongly believes the manager have to be a full time based on previous customer experience(He believed that you can’t be a part time manager and that his customers would think Vibe was not a serious company if he appointed a part time manager for marketing and public relations-Sam Nguyen) Moreover Sam thought Grant could Increase himself-awareness to achieve demonstrate good relationship with customer.
· Job satisfaction is a collection of positive or negative felling that an individual holds toward their job. In this case, Andrea is a good example of having a negative felling of her job. ( Sam’s only criticism of her was that she seemed to live to work). Because Sam does not care about the employee satisfaction, Andrea can not get more spiritual benefit even get good salary. People may have different level of the job satisfaction. In this case, Andrea work long hours, she may feel very stressful, she is happy with cognitive job satisfaction, but not with the affective job satisfaction.
LIBRARY USE
lllillllllllllllll LA TROBE UNIVERSITY
3 2934 02374381 0
SEMESTER TWO EXAMINATION PERIOD
2010
student ID: Seat Number:
Unit Code: LST2LBA
Unit Name:
Paper Name:
Reading Time:
Writing Time:
Paper No: 1
Law of Business Association
Final
30 minutes
3 hours
No. of Pages (including cover sheet): 9
OFFICE USE ONLY (FACULTY/SCHOOL STAFF):
CAMPUS AW BE BU MI SH
Number
102
92
ALLOWABLE MATERIALS
Description
Open book, including electronic dictionary
Students may make notes during reading time (not on script books or multiple
choice answer sheets)
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. This examination Is in three parts:
i. Part A: This Is a set of 20 multiple choice questions, worth 1 mark each. You may tear off the
answer sheet at the back of the examination paper. Write your student number on the answer
sheet. Circle the appropriate letter for each question.
li. Part B: This comprises three questions worth 10 marks each. Answer all questions.
III. Part C: Answer ONE of the two questions In Part C. It Is worth 20 marks.
2. This examination is worth 70 marks, being 70% of the marks for the course.
This paper MUST NOT BE REMOVED from the examination venue
Part A
This Part of the examination consists of twenty (20) multiple choice questions, each worth
one (1) marlc. The suggested time for completion is fifty minutes; that is, two minutes and
thirty seconds for each question. Be very careftal not to spend too much time on this section.
Students should circle the most appropriate answer to each question in Part A on the Part A
answer sheet provided at the end of this examination paper. Y o u may tear the answer shee.
· Performance Critique Assignment· During the first month of.docxLynellBull52
· Performance Critique Assignment
· During the first month of class, you are required to attend a theatrical production and to respond to it in the form of a performance critique (due February 29). A performance critique is a short essay in which you describe and offer your perspective on the specific choices that were made in a production. For this particular assignment, you are asked to develop an argument about how the production choices reflected (or failed to clearly reflect) the play’s central message.
· This piece of writing is uniquely tied to your own experience as a spectator in the theatre. Your critique should engage with the production as performance. This is different from doing a simple literary analysis of the main themes in the play. You should explore how these ideas are communicated through specific scenic choices – acting, directing, design, use of space, etc. – and make an argument about how these choices contributed to the production as a whole. Did they further the audience’s understanding of the message it was trying to convey? Did they make sense within the world they were trying to create? Was the text more alive because of them?
·
· *If there is a director’s note in the program, this will be particularly useful in ascertaining what the director’s intentions were or why he/she chose to stage this play in particular.
·
· A Performance Critique Looks Like:
·
· Format: 4 pages, 12-point font, double-spaced, 1” margins. Consulting other sources is not recommended (and you should definitely NOT consult other reviews of the performance), but if there is a secondary source that you feel provides important supporting information for your argument, you may use it if you include proper MLA citation.
·
· Ticket: Staple your ticket stub to the back page of your paper.
·
· Description: Give the audience a sense of the play. Include information about the name of the production, location, notable cast members, etc. Also include a very brief description of the main action, and/or the driving character relationships, and/or the genre (period piece, musical, etc.). When describing the action of the play, use the present tense.
·
· Argument: You should move far beyond saying simply whether you liked or disliked the play. Be sure to develop a clear thesis about what you think the production company was attempting to accomplish and whether they were successful.
·
· Specific Examples: Remember to provide specific examples to back up your argument. Your critique should help readers "visualize" the play. Provide relevant and evocative details. You will likely want to address several of the following elements: Acting (were the characters believable? Were they supposed to be?), Directing (Did there seem to be a unifying concept behind the production? How was that concept realized? Did the different elements of the production fit together?), Costume/Set/Lighting/Sound Design (H.
· Please read the following article excerpt, and view the video cl.docxLynellBull52
· Please read the following article excerpt, and view the video clips below. Listen carefully in order to understand as much of the Spanish as you can, using the images and contextual clues to help you get a sense of the gist of the video content.
· Next, write a 200-word response in English to the issues raised. Make sure to address the following questions:
1. What is syncretism and how does it differ from the concept of the melting pot?
2. How is Latin America’s (specifically Brazil and Cuba) experience with racial and cultural mixture different from that of the U.S.?
3. Can you give a couple of examples of syncretism in your own culture or in the U.S.?
Article
SYNCRETISM AND ITS SYNONYMS: REFLECTIONS ON CULTURAL MIXTURE by CHARLES STEWART
(If you would like to read the article from which this excerpt was taken, you can find it in Doc Sharing.)
The subject matter of anthropology has gradually changed over the last twenty years. Nowadays ethnographers rarely search for a stable or original form of cultures; they are usually more concerned with revealing how local communities respond to historical change and global influences. The burgeoning literature on transnational flows of ideas, global institutions, and cultural mixture reflects this shift of attention. This increased awareness of cultural penetration has, furthermore, been instrumental in the critique of earlier conceptions of “culture” that cast it as too stable: bounded, and homogeneous to be useful in a world characterized by migrations (voluntary or forced), cheap travel, international marketing, and telecommunications… In this body of literature the word syncretism has begun to reappear alongside such related concepts as hybridization and creolization as a means of portraying the dynamics of global social developments.
My purpose in considering the history of syncretism up to the present is not to enforce a standard usage conformed to the domain of religion; nor is it my goal to promote syncretism to a position of primus inter pares in the company of all other terms for mixture. I see my approach instead as an attempt to illustrate historically that syncretism has an objectionable but nevertheless instructive past…
Current Discussions of Mixture
Cultures, if we still wish to retain this term (and I do), are porous; they are open to intermixture with other, different cultures and they are subject to historical change precisely on account of these influences. This has no doubt always been the case…
Cultural borrowing and interpenetration are today seen as part of the very nature of cultures… To phrase it more accurately, syncretism describes the process by which cultures constitute themselves at any given point in time. Today's hybridization will simply give way to tomorrow's hybridization, the form of which will be dictated by historical-political events and contingencies… As [Edward] Said expresses it: all cultures are involved in one another, none is simple and pure, all.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
Company 1Company #1Income StatementBalance SheetAll numbers in tho
1. Company 1Company #1Income StatementBalance SheetAll
numbers in thousandsAll numbers in
thousandsRevenue20182017Period Ending20182017Total
Revenue14,134,73212,866,757Current AssetsCost of
Revenue9,510,2388,668,505Cash And Cash
Equivalents1,290,2941,111,599Gross
Profit4,624,4944,198,252Short Term Investments512-Operating
ExpensesNet Receivables87,86875,154Selling General and
Administrative2,576,0982,395,608Inventory1,641,7351,512,886
Total Operating Expenses12,086,33611,064,113Other Current
Assets11,84713,642Operating Income or
Loss2,048,3961,802,644Total Current
Assets3,151,1572,813,049Income from Continuing
OperationsLong Term Investments7121,288Total Other
Income/Expenses Net-7,676-16,488Property Plant and
Equipment2,382,4642,328,048Earnings Before Interest and
Taxes2,048,3961,802,644Other Assets187,718166,966Interest
Expense-18,847-19,569Deferred Long Term Asset Charges--
Income Before Tax2,040,7201,786,156Total
Assets5,722,0515,309,351Income Tax
Expense677,967668,502Current LiabilitiesNet
Income1,362,7531,117,654Accounts
Payable1,059,8441,021,735Short/Current Long Term
Debt84,973-Other Current Liabilities9,90224,559Total Current
Liabilities1,926,4021,752,506Long Term
Debt311,994396,493Other Liabilities434,347412,335Total
Liabilities2,672,7432,561,334Stockholders' EquityPreferred
Stock--Common Stock3,7963,919Retained
Earnings2,071,4001,801,138Treasury Stock-318,252-
272,755Capital Surplus1,292,3911,215,806Total Stockholder
Equity3,049,3082,748,017Net Tangible
Assets3,049,3082,748,017
Company 2Company #2Income StatementBalance SheetAll
numbers in thousandsAll numbers in
2. thousandsRevenue20182017Period Ending20182017Total
Revenue38,972,93435,864,664Current AssetsCost of
Revenue27,831,17725,502,167Cash And Cash
Equivalents3,030,2002,758,477Gross
Profit11,141,75710,362,497Short Term Investments-
506,165Operating ExpensesNet
Receivables860,000327,166Selling General and
Administrative6,923,5646,375,071Inventory4,579,0004,187,243
Total Operating Expenses34,754,74131,877,238Other Current
Assets-12,217Operating Income or
Loss4,218,1933,987,426Total Current
Assets8,469,2008,485,727Income from Continuing
OperationsLong Term Investments--Total Other
Income/Expenses Net-44,982-130,838Property Plant and
Equipment5,255,2005,006,053Earnings Before Interest and
Taxes4,218,1933,987,426Goodwill97,600100,069Interest
Expense-8,860-64,295Intangible Assets-144,900Income Before
Tax4,173,2113,856,588Other Assets504,000321,266Income Tax
Expense1,113,4131,248,640Deferred Long Term Asset Charges-
6,558Net Income3,059,7982,607,948Total
Assets14,326,00014,058,015Current LiabilitiesAccounts
Payable2,644,1002,488,373Short/Current Long Term Debt--
Other Current Liabilities-1,429,136Total Current
Liabilities5,531,3005,125,537Long Term
Debt2,233,6002,230,607Other
Liabilities1,512,5001,331,645Total
Liabilities9,277,4008,909,706Stockholders' EquityPreferred
Stock--Common Stock5,048,600628,009Retained Earnings-
4,962,159Treasury Stock--441,859Capital Surplus--Other
Stockholder Equity--441,859Total Stockholder
Equity5,048,6005,148,309Net Tangible
Assets4,951,0004,903,340
Costing Methods
Production costing methods not only impact the actual cost
assigned to a product but can also have effects on how
3. inventory is valued, how transfer pricing is determined as well
as tax implications. Let’s examine these issues:Transfer Prices
and Taxes
PRICES AND TAXES
Transfer price is simply what one related entity charges another
for a product. In other words what on division of a company
charges another division for a product. While these types of
transactions are eliminated during the consolidation process in
preparing the audited financial statements, so they have no
impact, there can still be tax consequences particular in
multinational companies. Tax rates can vary from Country to
Country so that these multinational companies have an incentive
to show their profits in the Country with the lowest tax rate.
TAX RATE EXAMPLES
For example, Corporation A has two divisions, Division B and
Division C. The tax rate in the Country where Division B is
located is 25% and the tax rate where Division C is located is
50%. For simplicity sake, let's assume Corporation A makes and
sells widgets and there are no laws or restrictions on transfer
pricing. The selling price is $1,000 and the cost to make a
widget is $600. Therefore the company makes a profit of $400
per widget. Widgets are produced in Division B and in sold by
Division C and sold in the Country that division C is located.
PROFITS AND TAXES
If Division C "buys" the widgets from Division B for $900.
Division B then sells them for $1,000 and reports a profit of
$100 ($1,000 - $900) and pays tax of $50 ($100 x 50%).
Division B reports a profit of $300 ($900 - $600) and pays tax
of $75 ($300 x 25%). So the total tax paid in this example is
$125 ($50 + $75) which is well below the $200 ($400 x 50%)
they would have had to pay if the entire transaction would have
taken place in Division C's home Country. For the Corporation
in total there is no difference in the total amount of profit, just
4. the amount of tax paid.
The above example is for illustrative purposes of how taxes
could be manipulated by a multinational corporation and does
not reflect reality. In the United States, the IRS takes a close
look at transfer pricing policies in multinational corporations.
Sec. 482 of the US Tax Code gives the IRS the authority to
adjust taxable income between two related divisions to more
accurately reflect the income earned by each division. The IRS
will apply their standard to determine the true taxable income of
a controlled division. Their standard basically tries to determine
the transfer price of an open market transaction of unrelated
companies.Inventory Costing
The method in which inventory is costed affects how a
production company’s inventoried is valued. Most companies
use one of the following inventory costing methods:
1. First-In First-Out (FIFO)
2. Last-In First-Out (LIFO)
3. Weighted Average
4. Specific Identification
These inventory costing methods determine the how the
inventory is valued each time new inventory is added or taken
out of the inventory pool. Production companies maintain three
inventory accounts (pools): raw materials, work in process and
finished goods. Costs will flow through these inventory
accounts until the product is sold. The costs are then transferred
from the balance sheet (credit to finished goods inventory) to
the income statement (debit cost of goods sold) to match
expenses with revenues (matching principle).
First-In First-Out moves the oldest cost of inventory from one
inventory account to the next or to cost of goods sold in the
case of finished goods. This is the most common method used.
5. Last-In First-Out moves the newest cost of inventory from one
inventory account to the next or to cost of goods sold in the
case of finished goods.
Average or Weighted Average essentially establishes a new
average cost after every purchase. It is this average cost that is
used when items are removed from inventory.
Specific Identification assigns each inventory item a specific
cost and when it is sold or used in production, the specific cost
of the item is moved to the next inventory account or cost of
goods sold, as appropriate. This method is used if you are
producing items that are individually produced and they are
expensive.
Why is Cost Accounting Important?
Any company that is required to have their financial statements
audited by an independent accountant must comply with
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) (IFRS
outside of the US). This means that that ALL product costs will
appear on the inventory line on the balance sheet until the
product is actually sold and then transferred to the income
statement as cost of goods sold to match expenses with
revenues.
Overview of Product Costing Methods
Companies will use one or more product costing method to
assign the appropriate costs to a manufactured product.
Regardless of the method that is used, the goal is the same: To
assign the appropriate amount of cost to a product using the best
product costing method for that particular production and
decision-making environment. There can be a substantial
difference in cost depending on the method used, so
management must be careful when choosing a method and what
its intended use is. For example, a costing method intended for
incremental analysis may not be appropriate for long-term
6. decision making. In addition, there are only certain methods
that are approved to use in financial statement preparation.
Deciding on the Method of Costing
Choosing the best method really depends on the decision
environment and whether the cost information is for external or
internal reporting.
External Reporting:
· Absorption Costing:
· GAAP
· Variable Costing:
· Not GAAP
· Throughput Costing:
· Not GAAP
Internal Reporting
· Absorption Costing
· Used to save costs
· Variable Costing
· Used to evaluate performance and for decision making
· Throughput Costing
· Used for short-term capacity decisions
Inventory Costs
· Absorption Costing:
· Direct materials
· Direct labor
· Variable overhead
· Fixed overhead
· Variable Costing:
· Direct materials
· Direct labor
· Variable overhead
· Variable SG&A expenses*
· Throughput Costing
· Direct materials
7. Period Costs (expensed when occurred)
· Absorption Costing:
· SG&A expenses
· Variable Costing:
· Fixed overhead
· Fixed SG&A expenses
· Throughput Costing:
· Direct labor
· Variable overhead
· Fixed overhead
· SG&A expenses
External reporting means that the costing information is going
to be used external to the company. Anytime financial
information is released to the public, it must comply with U. S.
GAAP. For external reporting, the only GAAP approved costing
method is called absorption costing. This costing method
requires that the product cost include ALL manufacturing costs.
This basically means that product costs may be incurred in one
period (when goods are produced) and recognized in another
(when goods are sold). All other costs (non-product) are
recognized when incurred and called period costs.
Internal reporting means that the costing information is only
going to be used within the company for decision-making
process. Internal reports do not have to comply with U. S.
GAAP and can be designed by management to suit the needs of
the organization. For internal reporting, absorption, variable
and throughput costing methods are often used.
Costing Methods
Absorption costing is where the product “absorbs” all
manufacturing costs, both fixed and variable. Manufacturing
costs are assigned to one of three inventory accounts (raw
materials, work in process, finished goods) prior to the sale, and
then transferred to the income statement (cost of goods sold)
8. upon sale to comply with the matching principle. All other
costs, typically selling and administrative costs, are expensed in
the period they are incurred and referred to as “period costs”
since they do not benefit any future period. Absorption costing
can be used for both internal and external reporting as it is the
only method that is GAAP approved. Some companies use
absorption costing for both internal and external reporting to
save time and money by using just one method.
Variable costing is where ALL costs are divided into fixed and
variable categories and only variable costs are inventoried.
Variable costing is often used by companies to hold production
managers accountable for only the costs that they have some
control over, applying the theory that a production manager
cannot change or effect a fixed cost. Variable costing is
typically used for short-term decision making. Keep in mind
that a company still needs to cover their full costs to stay in
business.
Throughput costing is where only direct materials are
inventoried. All other costs, direct labor, manufacturing
overhead and period costs are expensed as incurred. Throughput
costing is also used for short-term decisions. It can also be
useful in making special order type decisions where there is
extra factory capacity involved.
Costing methodologies can produce significant variations in
what we call total costs. Before a costing method is selected, we
must fully understand what the information is going to be used
for. Once we understand the use of the information, we can
select a method that best fits our needs under that circumstance.
Resource(s)
Wiley GAAP 2019 : Interpretation and Application of Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles
Overview of Costing
9. A company needs to know the total cost of a product in order to
determine if the product is profitable. Product costing also
allows management to accomplish this objective.
Determining the total cost of a product may seem fairly
straightforward, and to some extent it is. However, there are
certain types of costs that can complicate matters. For this
reason, a company needs to categorize costs to assist with
getting costs down to the product level. The two main cost
categories are direct and indirect costs.
Direct costs are those costs that are directly associated with a
product. They are costs than can be easily measured. Sub
categories of direct costs are direct materials and direct labor.
Direct materials are the raw materials used to produce a
product. We can measure how much was used in producing the
product. If we can measure how much was used, we can easily
determine the cost of the direct materials that were used in
production. Direct labor is the cost of the workers that directly
worked on the product. We can also measure how much time
they spent working on the product. If we can measure the time
they spent, then we can easily calculate how much the direct
labor costs were.
Indirect cost represents costs that were incurred in the
production process but are not easily traced to a specific
product. With direct materials and direct labor, we can see a
link between the cost and product. Indirect costs are not easily
measured at the product level, but we can intuitively see that
they are a necessary cost in the production. For example, a
factory supervisor may oversee the production process of many
products but they do not “touch” the individual product. We
cannot measure their time spent on individual products, just
their overall time on the process. However, these costs were
necessary in the production of the product. Most companies use
an allocation process to distribute the indirect costs, rather than
10. an exact measurement as with direct costs.
Most Common Production Costing Methods
Now that we understand the importance of product costing and a
few of the costing terms and categories, let’s look at two
common production costing methods: Job Costing and Process
Costing.
Job Costing
Job costing is most often used when the units of production are
not identical or are commonly "different" from each other.
Since the individual units of production are not same, we are
required to accumulate the costs associated with each job.
Companies that usually use job costing are custom home
builders, automotive repair shops, accountants and lawyers.
Process Costing
Process costing, on the other hand, is used when the output
consists of virtually identical items that are made in large
quantities. Costs are accumulated in "batches" as the products
are produced and then allocated to the
individual products themselves. Process costing of most often
used by soda makers, cookie bakers, aluminum foil
manufacturers and oil refiners.
Regardless of the whether a company uses job costing or
process costing, the goal is still the same. “Push” all production
costs down to the product level so that management can tell if a
product is profitable or not. Other uses of product cost
information include: setting a sales price, determining product
mix and determining a transfer price to another division.
Bottom of Form
Company 1Company #1Income StatementBalance SheetAll
numbers in thousandsAll numbers in
thousandsRevenue20182017Period Ending20182017Total
11. Revenue14,134,73212,866,757Current AssetsCost of
Revenue9,510,2388,668,505Cash And Cash
Equivalents1,290,2941,111,599Gross
Profit4,624,4944,198,252Short Term Investments512-Operating
ExpensesNet Receivables87,86875,154Selling General and
Administrative2,576,0982,395,608Inventory1,641,7351,512,886
Total Operating Expenses12,086,33611,064,113Other Current
Assets11,84713,642Operating Income or
Loss2,048,3961,802,644Total Current
Assets3,151,1572,813,049Income from Continuing
OperationsLong Term Investments7121,288Total Other
Income/Expenses Net-7,676-16,488Property Plant and
Equipment2,382,4642,328,048Earnings Before Interest and
Taxes2,048,3961,802,644Other Assets187,718166,966Interest
Expense-18,847-19,569Deferred Long Term Asset Charges--
Income Before Tax2,040,7201,786,156Total
Assets5,722,0515,309,351Income Tax
Expense677,967668,502Current LiabilitiesNet
Income1,362,7531,117,654Accounts
Payable1,059,8441,021,735Short/Current Long Term
Debt84,973-Other Current Liabilities9,90224,559Total Current
Liabilities1,926,4021,752,506Long Term
Debt311,994396,493Other Liabilities434,347412,335Total
Liabilities2,672,7432,561,334Stockholders' EquityPreferred
Stock--Common Stock3,7963,919Retained
Earnings2,071,4001,801,138Treasury Stock-318,252-
272,755Capital Surplus1,292,3911,215,806Total Stockholder
Equity3,049,3082,748,017Net Tangible
Assets3,049,3082,748,017
Company 2Company #2Income StatementBalance SheetAll
numbers in thousandsAll numbers in
thousandsRevenue20182017Period Ending20182017Total
Revenue38,972,93435,864,664Current AssetsCost of
Revenue27,831,17725,502,167Cash And Cash
Equivalents3,030,2002,758,477Gross
Profit11,141,75710,362,497Short Term Investments-
12. 506,165Operating ExpensesNet
Receivables860,000327,166Selling General and
Administrative6,923,5646,375,071Inventory4,579,0004,187,243
Total Operating Expenses34,754,74131,877,238Other Current
Assets-12,217Operating Income or
Loss4,218,1933,987,426Total Current
Assets8,469,2008,485,727Income from Continuing
OperationsLong Term Investments--Total Other
Income/Expenses Net-44,982-130,838Property Plant and
Equipment5,255,2005,006,053Earnings Before Interest and
Taxes4,218,1933,987,426Goodwill97,600100,069Interest
Expense-8,860-64,295Intangible Assets-144,900Income Before
Tax4,173,2113,856,588Other Assets504,000321,266Income Tax
Expense1,113,4131,248,640Deferred Long Term Asset Charges-
6,558Net Income3,059,7982,607,948Total
Assets14,326,00014,058,015Current LiabilitiesAccounts
Payable2,644,1002,488,373Short/Current Long Term Debt--
Other Current Liabilities-1,429,136Total Current
Liabilities5,531,3005,125,537Long Term
Debt2,233,6002,230,607Other
Liabilities1,512,5001,331,645Total
Liabilities9,277,4008,909,706Stockholders' EquityPreferred
Stock--Common Stock5,048,600628,009Retained Earnings-
4,962,159Treasury Stock--441,859Capital Surplus--Other
Stockholder Equity--441,859Total Stockholder
Equity5,048,6005,148,309Net Tangible
Assets4,951,0004,903,340
IS Vertical AnalysisIncome Statement Vertical
AnalysisCOMPANY 1COMPANY
220182017201820172018201720182017RevenuePercent Percent
Percent Percent Total Revenue (BASE
NUMBER)14,134,73212,866,757100.00%100.00%38,972,93435
,864,664100.00%100.00%Cost of Revenue
9,510,2388,668,50527,831,17725,502,167Gross Profit
4,624,4944,198,25211,141,75710,362,497Operating
ExpensesSelling General and Administrative
13. 2,576,0982,395,6086,923,5646,375,071Total Operating
Expenses 12,086,33611,064,11334,754,74131,877,238Operating
Income or Loss 2,048,3961,802,6444,218,1933,987,426Income
from Continuing Operations Total Other Income/Expenses Net -
7,676-16,488-44,982-130,838Earnings Before Interest and
Taxes 2,048,3961,802,6444,218,1933,987,426Interest Expense -
18,847-19,569-8,860-64,295Income Before Tax
2,040,7201,786,1564,173,2113,856,588Income Tax Expense
677,967668,5021,113,4131,248,640Net
Income1,362,7531,117,6543,059,7982,607,948
IS Horizontal AnalysisIncome Statement Horizontal
AnalysisCOMPANY 1COMPANY 220182017$ CHANGE %
CHANGE 20182017$ CHANGE % CHANGE RevenueTotal
Revenue14,134,73212,866,75738,972,93435,864,664Cost of
Revenue9,510,2388,668,50527,831,17725,502,167Gross
Profit4,624,4944,198,25211,141,75710,362,497Operating
ExpensesSelling General and
Administrative2,576,0982,395,6086,923,5646,375,071Total
Operating
Expenses12,086,33611,064,11334,754,74131,877,238Operating
Income or Loss2,048,3961,802,6444,218,1933,987,426Income
from Continuing OperationsTotal Other Income/Expenses Net-
7,676-16,488-44,982-130,838Earnings Before Interest and
Taxes2,048,3961,802,6444,218,1933,987,426Interest Expense-
18,847-19,569-8,860-64,295Income Before
Tax2,040,7201,786,1564,173,2113,856,588Income Tax
Expense677,967668,5021,113,4131,248,640Net
Income1,362,7531,117,6543,059,7982,607,948
BS Vertical AnalysisBalance Sheet Vertical AnalysisCompany
#1Company #2Period
Ending20182017201820172018201720182017Current
AssetsPERCENT PERCENT PERCENT PERCENT Cash And
Cash Equivalents1,290,2941,111,5993,030,2002,758,477Short
Term Investments51200506,165Net
Receivables87,86875,154860,000327,166Inventory1,641,7351,5
12,8864,579,0004,187,243Other Current
14. Assets11,84713,642012,217Total Current
Assets3,151,1572,813,0498,469,2008,485, 727Long Term
Investments7121,28800Property Plant and
Equipment2,382,4642,328,0485,255,2005,006,053Goodwill0097
,600100,069Intangible Assets000144,900Other
Assets187,718166,966504,000321,266Deferred Long Term
Asset Charges0006,558Total Assets (BASE
NUMBER)5,722,0515,309,351100.00%100.00%14,326,00014,0
58,015100.00%100.00%Current LiabilitiesAccounts
Payable1,059,8441,021,7352,644,1002,488,373Short/Current
Long Term Debt84,973000Other Current
Liabilities9,90224,55901,429,136Total Current
Liabilities1,926,4021,752,5065,531,3005,125,537Long Term
Debt311,994396,4932,233,6002,230,607Other
Liabilities434,347412,3351,512,5001,331,645Total
Liabilities2,672,7432,561,3349,277,4008,909,706Stockholders'
EquityPreferred Stock0000Common
Stock3,7963,9195,048,600628,009Retained
Earnings2,071,4001,801,13804,962,159Treasury Stock-318,252-
272,7550-441,859Capital Surplus1,292,3911,215,80600Other
Stockholder Equity000-441,859Total Stockholder
Equity3,049,3082,748,0175,048,6005,148,309Net Tangible
Assets3,049,3082,748,0174,951,0004,903,340
BS Horizontal AnalysisBalance Sheet Horizontal
AnalysisCOMPANY 1COMPANY 2Period Ending20182017$
CHANGE % CHANGE 20182017$ CHANGE % CHANGE
Current AssetsCash And Cash
Equivalents1,290,2941,111,5993,030,2002,758,477Short Term
Investments51200506,165Net
Receivables87,86875,154860,000327,166Inventory1,641,7351,5
12,8864,579,0004,187,243Other Current
Assets11,84713,642012,217Total Current
Assets3,151,1572,813,0498,469,2008,485,727Long Term
Investments7121,28800Property Plant and
Equipment2,382,4642,328,0485,255,2005,006,053Goodwill0097
,600100,069Intangible Assets000144,900Other
15. Assets187,718166,966504,000321,266Deferred Long Term
Asset Charges0006,558Total
Assets5,722,0515,309,35114,326,00014,058,015Current
LiabilitiesAccounts
Payable1,059,8441,021,7352,644,1002,488,373Short/Current
Long Term Debt84,973000Other Current
Liabilities9,90224,55901,429,136Total Current
Liabilities1,926,4021,752,5065,531,3005,125,537Long Term
Debt311,994396,4932,233,6002,230,607Other
Liabilities434,347412,3351,512,5001,331,645Total
Liabilities2,672,7432,561,3349,277,4008,909,706Stockholders'
EquityPreferred Stock0000Common
Stock3,7963,9195,048,600628,009Retained
Earnings2,071,4001,801,13804,962,159Treasury Stock-318,252-
272,7550-441,859Capital Surplus1,292,3911,215,80600Other
Stockholder Equity000-441,859Total Stockholder
Equity3,049,3082,748,0175,048,6005,148,309Net Tangible
Assets3,049,3082,748,0174,951,0004,903,340