Marx and Engels studied the development of economies throughout history. They saw societies progress through stages from primitive communism to feudalism to capitalism and believed socialism would follow capitalism, followed by true communism, where goods and resources would be shared freely without money or social classes. The document goes on to define each stage, from primitive tribes sharing resources equally to capitalism creating inequality that would lead to socialist revolution and eventually communism.

1.  This is the symbol of
Communism – The
Hammer and the
Sickle
Hammer for
the
Workers
Sickle for the
Peasants – the
farm labourers

2. They wrote the ‘Communist Manifesto’
in 1847. It’s a short book – but billions of
people have read it….
This is Karl Marx, the
‘Father of Communism’.
People who believe in his
ideas are called ‘Marxists’
This is his good friend,
Frederick Engels.

3.  Marx and Engels studied the history of the world’s economies.
 This means the way that power, industry and finance are controlled.
 They saw the way countries developed in stages.
Primitive
Communism
Feudalism
Capitalism
Socialism
Communism
Explain these please!

4. Primitive
Communism
This is how humans first lived together – in small
tribes. Primitive means basic. Communism means
that everything was shared– food, jobs, belongings.
No one owned land. Eventually a group comes to
power – this leads to Feudalism…

5. Primitive
Communism
Feudalism
Under feudalism, a
king or emperor or
chief becomes the
ruler over all the
people.
He gives land
and privileges
to ‘nobles’ who
rule the people
for him.
The people
are kept
uneducated
and told that
god chose
the king to
rule. The
church helps
the king this
way.
As trade develops,
some people get
richer. This leads to
Capitalism…..

6. Feudalism
Capitalism
The business
owners get
richer while
the workers do
all the hard
work.
Capitalism creates a huge working-
class of people who soon get angry
at the way they are treated. They
eventually organize and demand
changes.

7. Socialism
Capitalism
In the Socialist revolution all
the rulers – kings, churches,
capitalists are eliminated.
The workers
take control of
the country to
produce things
for everyone.
Because nothing is
made for profit, all
people benefit from
education and health.
These ideas
spread across
the world to
create
Communism….

8. Socialism
Communism
The remaining capitalists
put up a bitter fight, but
the will of the people will
always win.
As everyone now works together,
war is a thing of the past – armies
are not needed. Sharing means no
police are needed. Everything is
provided by the people – so money
becomes a thing of the past.
All human activity
goes towards
benefiting each
other.