2. Community Language
Learning (CLL) is the name
of a method developed by
Charles A. Curran and his
associates in Chicago,
1995. It is sometimes cited
as an example of a
humanistic approach and
derives its primary insights
from counseling.
3. It is an approach in which students work
together to develop what aspects of a
language they would like to learn. The
teacher acts as a counselor while the learner
acts as a collaborator (client), although
sometimes this role can be changed.
Community language learning (CLL) was
primarily designed for monolingual
conversation classes where the teacher-
counselor would be able to speak the
learners' L1 (native language).
It is a method that is based on English for
communication and is extremely learner-
focused.
4. 1. To learn language communicatively.
2. To take responsibility for learning.
3. To approach the task non-
defensively, never separating intellect
from feelings.
5. 1. Non-defensive learning requires security,
aggression (students assert and involve
themselves), attention, reflection (
students think about language and their
experience in learning it), retention and
discrimination ( sorting out target
language forms).
2. Cooperation is encouraged; the teacher
and the students together make
decisions in class.
6. 3. The teacher routinely probes the
students’ attitudes toward learning and
helps them overcome their negative
feelings.
4. Particular grammar, pronunciation, and
vocabulary points are treated based on
the students’ expressed needs.
Understanding and speaking are
emphasized.
5. The native language is used in
conversations, instructions, and
sessions for expressing feelings.
7. 6. Learning about aspects of culture is
integrated with language learning.
7. A non-threatening teaching style is
encouraged; correct forms are modeled.
8. There is no specific means of evaluation
but adherence to principles is urged.
Integrative tests are preferred over
discrete-point tests.
9. Self-evaluation is encouraged to promote
the students’ awareness of their
progress.
8. 1. Learning is persons.
2. Learning is dynamic and creative.
9. The teacher’s initial role is
primarily that of a counselor. This
means that the teacher recognizes how
threatening a new learning situation,
can be for adult learners, so he
skillfully understands and supports his
students in their struggle to master the
target language.
10. Initially the learners are very
dependent upon the teacher. As the
learners continue to study, they
become increasingly independent.
11. 1. Tape Recording Student Conversation
2. Transcription
3. Reflection on Experience
4. Reflective Listening
5. Human Computer
6. Small Group Tasks
12. 1. The counselor allow the learners
to determine type of conversation
and to analyze the language
inductively,
2. The student centered nature of
the method can provide extrinsic
motivation and capitalized an
intrinsic motivation.
13. 1. The counselor- teacher can become
too nondirective. Students often need
direction.
2. Translation is an intricate and difficult
task. The success of the method relies
largely on the translation expertise of
the counselor.