The aim of this study was to investigate the current condition of existing public apartment buildings in Vietnam. In the old apartment buildings, problems included structural failure, aging, impact of outdoor environment, poor indoor and outdoor living conditions, and lack of service facilities. In the newly-built high-rise buildings, poor outdoor living conditions, lacking of natural lighting, polluted air, inconvenience access and high level of traffic noise are observed due to high density of buildings constructed in a land area. In addition, there are high risk at fire and difficulties in firefighting and emergency evacuation where hundreds of residential buildings were found not to comply with fire safety standards. Improvements are recommended at the end of this research for minimizing, even totally eliminating current shortcomings of existing public apartment buildings. Throughout the study, relevant parties and authorities enable to fully understand quality conditions of existing condominium buildings and to propose proper corrective actions
Need of Non- Technical Content in Engineering Educationiosrjce
The foundation of engineering education has its root in the basic sciences. The knowledge of basic
science is the backbone of all technical education. It is the base on which the building of innovations, ingenuity
and research stands. The first introduction of engineering is always through sciences i.e. through physics,
chemistry and mathematics. Engineering is the bridge between the sciences and humanities. It is observe that
engineers apply scientific principles to advance the human condition, but their success relies as much upon an
understanding of physics and mathematics as an appreciation of history and psychology. The main objective of
this paper is to emphasize the importance and pertinence of basic science in engineering programs, not with the
objective of providing a cultural complement but with the idea of giving the students a strong basis in this area,
in order to provide them with adequate continuity along with engineering and applied engineering. This will
allow them to adapt better to technological changes and advances.
Introduction to Electrical Circuits for K-12 in Reno, NevadaSachin Mehta
The Simple Electrical Circuits demonstration is designed to increase adolescents’ interest in STEM education in Reno, Nevada, as well as all around the country. STEM, a United States government acronym, refers to fields of study in the categories of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. A short lecture introducing simple circuits and the fundamentals of electricity was given. Next, students were given the opportunity to create standard parallel and series light bulb circuits. The combination of an informative lecture and hands-on project is intended to produce an increased interest in engineering and mathematics. This project design is expected to procure at least a 20% increase in STEM interest for sixth graders. The Simple Circuits demonstration will be a broad approach to increasing student interest in science and engineering. The youth who become more intrigued in science after completing this project will likely perform better in technical classes and hopefully choose to pursue a STEM career.
Research trends are tending towards sustainability in construction and project
delivery is drawing the interest and attention of great researchers. This review work in
trying to get better understanding of the research area and presents current research
trends in the area of research in sustainability and construction and project delivery from
2003-2017. This review is done through thorough analysis of 50 published research
papers by different authors retrieved from Google Scholar, and Science Direct online
databases in the field of sustainable construction project delivery. All the analysis
conducted covers the researchable areas, the countries that have been frontiers to the
research, the research approaches, the tools for data collection and analysis and the
contributions of authors relating to identified areas and identification of main authors
contribution and lastly the prediction of possible future researchable areas relating to the
field of sustainability and construction in delivery of projects. The results of this review
identified seven researchable areas relating to sustainability and construction in project
delivery. Further results revealed that literature review, interviews, semi structured
interviews, industry surveys and content analysis were the main approaches adopted for
carrying out research work while research data were collected mainly through
questionnaires, interviews, and site observations. Discourse analysis, factor analysis and
multiple regression analysis were the major methods used in analysing the data collected
although the use of software is also trending during research on sustainable construction
project delivery. Jiang Zuo, Bo Xiang, Cheng Sien Goh and Steve Rowlinson are
researchers who were identified as part of those who have contributed enormously, with
some other following suite and breaking grounds in research work in the field of
sustainable construction project delivery. However there are still areas like the climate
and its effects on sustainable construction, BIM in sustainability and Lean applications
The document discusses a study that aimed to identify stakeholder requirements for transforming the construction industry from supply-driven to demand-driven. It focused on collecting requirements from seven stakeholder categories across Europe regarding industrialized, integrated, and intelligent construction. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, the requirements were consolidated into six key themes: sustainability, productivity, comfort, flexibility, energy/resource efficiency, and life cycle value. These themes will guide ongoing work to develop adaptable, high-performance building spaces that enhance human well-being. A case study on high-performance buildings highlights how the requirements apply to new concepts for building spaces.
Department of Mechanical and Construction EngineeringFaculty of LinaCovington707
Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Environment
KB7052 Research Project Research Project Proposal
Student Details
Surname or Family Name
Enter your surname(s) or family name(s)
Jeela
Forename(s) or Given Name(s)
Enter your forename(s) or given name(s)
Rakesh Yadav
Student Registration Number
Enter your Northumbria University student registration number
W19047419
Programme of Study
Enter the programme you are studying
MSC CONSTRUCTON PROJECT MANAGEMENT WITH BIM WITH ADVANCE PRACTICE
Research Project Details
Title
State the title of your research project
Principles of sustainable development in the United Kingdom
Project Aim and Research Objectives (500 words)”
What is your research topic?
Principles of sustainable development in the United Kingdom
What does this mean in less technical words?
Sustainable development implies developmental efforts that try to address current needs without jeopardizing future generations’ ability to meet their needs.
Why is it important to do such research and how does this contribute to us?
The expected outcome of the research is that the principles of sustainable construction in the UK will be identified. Accepting this proposal will be beneficial as the research targets to shed a light on the current principles of sustainable construction. In addition, stakeholders in the construction industry, researchers, and students will benefit from this research as they will be able to learn about current principles of sustainable construction in the UK. The significance of conducting this research cannot be understated. Sustainability is such a crucial aspect in the modern world. Boundaries are necessary for sustainable development; these are not absolute limits, but rather restraints on environmental resources imposed by current technological and social organization, as well as the biosphere's ability to absorb the impacts of human activity (Ismael & Shealy, 2018). The need for long-term development is an unavoidable necessity. Anyone can benefit from this approach, from huge corporations to tiny businesses to individuals who use waste sorting to put it into practice. Regarding the environment, the resources of the Earth are depleting, and if we do not begin to care for it, future generations may be unable to provide for themselves. The building sector is crucial in addressing the difficulties of sustainable development because it deals with massive volumes of raw materials and energy in its operations. When it comes to the building sector, sustainable development means maintaining economic growth while reducing material consumption (both in terms of mass and energy). It also means designing structures that are environmentally conscious. This research will cover these aspects, known as the principles of sustainable development in the United Kingdom, which will greatly contribute to the existing scientific knowledge in sustainable construction. Comment by Nima Geram ...
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
An Evaluation of the Impact of Government Assisted Housing Programmes (GAHPs)...theijes
Housing investment has been considered as a major contributor to economic growth with many social and economic benefits. This research work was carried out to evaluate the impact of Government Assisted Housing Programmes (GAHPs) in Bauchi State. The methodology employed were Oral interview, Self-assessment, Checklist and Questionnaires. Two target groups were considered for this research: the first group was construction professionals such as Architects, Engineers, Quantity surveyors, Builders and Service Engineers involved in the construction of such housing programmes, while the second group was family heads/occupants of government housing programmes. The research was conducted using completed Tambari housing estate and 1000-units of two bedrooms semi-detached / three bedrooms under construction at Dungal as case studies. The information obtained from these case studies were analysed using relative index, linear correlation, regression and one - way ANOVA (Analysis of variance). The research revealed that the first five critical impact of housing programmes were employment for skilled and unskilled workers (RI = 0.77); increase demand for building materials market (RI =0. 75); Generates income and employment in a number of related /non-related industry (RI = 0.75); increases income to land owners due to compensation paid for land acquisition (RI=0.74) and attracts infrastructural facilities to such localities (RI = 0.72). It also revealed that most of the respondents were satisfied with the impact of GAHPs within their vicinity.
Need of Non- Technical Content in Engineering Educationiosrjce
The foundation of engineering education has its root in the basic sciences. The knowledge of basic
science is the backbone of all technical education. It is the base on which the building of innovations, ingenuity
and research stands. The first introduction of engineering is always through sciences i.e. through physics,
chemistry and mathematics. Engineering is the bridge between the sciences and humanities. It is observe that
engineers apply scientific principles to advance the human condition, but their success relies as much upon an
understanding of physics and mathematics as an appreciation of history and psychology. The main objective of
this paper is to emphasize the importance and pertinence of basic science in engineering programs, not with the
objective of providing a cultural complement but with the idea of giving the students a strong basis in this area,
in order to provide them with adequate continuity along with engineering and applied engineering. This will
allow them to adapt better to technological changes and advances.
Introduction to Electrical Circuits for K-12 in Reno, NevadaSachin Mehta
The Simple Electrical Circuits demonstration is designed to increase adolescents’ interest in STEM education in Reno, Nevada, as well as all around the country. STEM, a United States government acronym, refers to fields of study in the categories of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. A short lecture introducing simple circuits and the fundamentals of electricity was given. Next, students were given the opportunity to create standard parallel and series light bulb circuits. The combination of an informative lecture and hands-on project is intended to produce an increased interest in engineering and mathematics. This project design is expected to procure at least a 20% increase in STEM interest for sixth graders. The Simple Circuits demonstration will be a broad approach to increasing student interest in science and engineering. The youth who become more intrigued in science after completing this project will likely perform better in technical classes and hopefully choose to pursue a STEM career.
Research trends are tending towards sustainability in construction and project
delivery is drawing the interest and attention of great researchers. This review work in
trying to get better understanding of the research area and presents current research
trends in the area of research in sustainability and construction and project delivery from
2003-2017. This review is done through thorough analysis of 50 published research
papers by different authors retrieved from Google Scholar, and Science Direct online
databases in the field of sustainable construction project delivery. All the analysis
conducted covers the researchable areas, the countries that have been frontiers to the
research, the research approaches, the tools for data collection and analysis and the
contributions of authors relating to identified areas and identification of main authors
contribution and lastly the prediction of possible future researchable areas relating to the
field of sustainability and construction in delivery of projects. The results of this review
identified seven researchable areas relating to sustainability and construction in project
delivery. Further results revealed that literature review, interviews, semi structured
interviews, industry surveys and content analysis were the main approaches adopted for
carrying out research work while research data were collected mainly through
questionnaires, interviews, and site observations. Discourse analysis, factor analysis and
multiple regression analysis were the major methods used in analysing the data collected
although the use of software is also trending during research on sustainable construction
project delivery. Jiang Zuo, Bo Xiang, Cheng Sien Goh and Steve Rowlinson are
researchers who were identified as part of those who have contributed enormously, with
some other following suite and breaking grounds in research work in the field of
sustainable construction project delivery. However there are still areas like the climate
and its effects on sustainable construction, BIM in sustainability and Lean applications
The document discusses a study that aimed to identify stakeholder requirements for transforming the construction industry from supply-driven to demand-driven. It focused on collecting requirements from seven stakeholder categories across Europe regarding industrialized, integrated, and intelligent construction. Through qualitative and quantitative analysis, the requirements were consolidated into six key themes: sustainability, productivity, comfort, flexibility, energy/resource efficiency, and life cycle value. These themes will guide ongoing work to develop adaptable, high-performance building spaces that enhance human well-being. A case study on high-performance buildings highlights how the requirements apply to new concepts for building spaces.
Department of Mechanical and Construction EngineeringFaculty of LinaCovington707
Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering
Faculty of Engineering and Environment
KB7052 Research Project Research Project Proposal
Student Details
Surname or Family Name
Enter your surname(s) or family name(s)
Jeela
Forename(s) or Given Name(s)
Enter your forename(s) or given name(s)
Rakesh Yadav
Student Registration Number
Enter your Northumbria University student registration number
W19047419
Programme of Study
Enter the programme you are studying
MSC CONSTRUCTON PROJECT MANAGEMENT WITH BIM WITH ADVANCE PRACTICE
Research Project Details
Title
State the title of your research project
Principles of sustainable development in the United Kingdom
Project Aim and Research Objectives (500 words)”
What is your research topic?
Principles of sustainable development in the United Kingdom
What does this mean in less technical words?
Sustainable development implies developmental efforts that try to address current needs without jeopardizing future generations’ ability to meet their needs.
Why is it important to do such research and how does this contribute to us?
The expected outcome of the research is that the principles of sustainable construction in the UK will be identified. Accepting this proposal will be beneficial as the research targets to shed a light on the current principles of sustainable construction. In addition, stakeholders in the construction industry, researchers, and students will benefit from this research as they will be able to learn about current principles of sustainable construction in the UK. The significance of conducting this research cannot be understated. Sustainability is such a crucial aspect in the modern world. Boundaries are necessary for sustainable development; these are not absolute limits, but rather restraints on environmental resources imposed by current technological and social organization, as well as the biosphere's ability to absorb the impacts of human activity (Ismael & Shealy, 2018). The need for long-term development is an unavoidable necessity. Anyone can benefit from this approach, from huge corporations to tiny businesses to individuals who use waste sorting to put it into practice. Regarding the environment, the resources of the Earth are depleting, and if we do not begin to care for it, future generations may be unable to provide for themselves. The building sector is crucial in addressing the difficulties of sustainable development because it deals with massive volumes of raw materials and energy in its operations. When it comes to the building sector, sustainable development means maintaining economic growth while reducing material consumption (both in terms of mass and energy). It also means designing structures that are environmentally conscious. This research will cover these aspects, known as the principles of sustainable development in the United Kingdom, which will greatly contribute to the existing scientific knowledge in sustainable construction. Comment by Nima Geram ...
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
An Evaluation of the Impact of Government Assisted Housing Programmes (GAHPs)...theijes
Housing investment has been considered as a major contributor to economic growth with many social and economic benefits. This research work was carried out to evaluate the impact of Government Assisted Housing Programmes (GAHPs) in Bauchi State. The methodology employed were Oral interview, Self-assessment, Checklist and Questionnaires. Two target groups were considered for this research: the first group was construction professionals such as Architects, Engineers, Quantity surveyors, Builders and Service Engineers involved in the construction of such housing programmes, while the second group was family heads/occupants of government housing programmes. The research was conducted using completed Tambari housing estate and 1000-units of two bedrooms semi-detached / three bedrooms under construction at Dungal as case studies. The information obtained from these case studies were analysed using relative index, linear correlation, regression and one - way ANOVA (Analysis of variance). The research revealed that the first five critical impact of housing programmes were employment for skilled and unskilled workers (RI = 0.77); increase demand for building materials market (RI =0. 75); Generates income and employment in a number of related /non-related industry (RI = 0.75); increases income to land owners due to compensation paid for land acquisition (RI=0.74) and attracts infrastructural facilities to such localities (RI = 0.72). It also revealed that most of the respondents were satisfied with the impact of GAHPs within their vicinity.
Construction Standards of Residential Buildings Post HandoverIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on construction defects found in residential buildings after handover to residents. The study used a post-occupancy evaluation technique involving surveys of residents to identify defects. Key findings included that the most common defects were leakages and cracks. The locations with the most defects were the kitchen, bathroom, and washroom. Possible causes of defects identified were poor quality materials and poor workmanship. The goal of the study was to improve construction standards by learning from resident feedback on defects.
The document provides an introduction to a research study on how construction activities affect local communities. It includes background information on construction impacts, the problem statement, previous similar studies, and outlines the research aims, questions, objectives, scope, importance, design, and structure. Specifically:
- The introduction discusses common negative impacts of construction such as pollution, vibration, noise, and traffic issues that can inconvenience local residents.
- The problem statement highlights research showing construction is a major source of air pollution and reviews examples of construction causing home damage and sleep disruption from noise.
- Previous similar studies identified noise, dust, and traffic as top construction impacts and recommended mitigation legislation and sustainable practices.
- The research aims
Opportunities for Energy Conservation in Residential Buildings of Bhopal: A C...Pratish Rawat
Currently, about 40% of the world's energy consumption is used in buildings. In India, with the improvement of living standards and the improvement of living standards, the energy consumption of cooling/heating in buildings is also increasing. The document presents a study based on a survey conducted in residential buildings in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. This survey was conducted to evaluate the influence of various parameters such as orientation, window/wall ratio, open areas around buildings, window areas exposed to direct solar radiation, planting, shading, natural lighting, energy consumption in summer and winter Wait. The results have been analyzed for thermal comfort conditions. Controlling this direct sunlight gain can be used as a measure to increase energy savings and thermal comfort. The method of controlling direct solar gain has been discussed in this document. Describes energy-saving opportunities and makes recommendations. From the perspective of optimally designing new residential buildings, this research is useful and can also reduce the energy consumption of existing buildings through some simple measures.
This document provides a review of construction defects, including their causes and types. It begins by defining construction defects and discussing their negative impacts on cost, duration, and resources. It then reviews literature on previous studies of defect causes, including factors related to design, construction management, materials, and human errors. The document categorizes defects as structural or non-structural. It provides examples of common structural defects like cracks and discusses non-structural defects. Recommendations are provided for minimizing defects during the design and construction phases, including quality management programs, design reviews, coordination between teams, and proper construction methods.
IRJET- A Study on Low Cost Housing Construction with Delay ManagementIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on reducing costs for low-cost housing construction through the use of alternative materials and construction methods, while also examining causes of delays in construction projects. It first discusses definitions and importance of low-cost housing to address housing needs of low-income populations. It then reviews past literature on use of industrial waste materials and prefabrication techniques to reduce costs. The study aims to identify factors causing delays on an ongoing housing project, such as delays from contractors, clients, and weather events. Major causes of delay found were late contractor payments, material shortages, design changes, weather, and lack of skilled labor. The impacts of delays included increased costs, reduced productivity, and delayed completion. Recommendations are
This document analyzes critical factors affecting construction project delays in the Pune region of India. A survey was conducted of construction companies to identify common reasons for delays. 82 potential factors were identified from literature review and categorized into project-level, owner, contractor, consultant, design, material, labor, equipment, and external factors. Respondents provided the frequency and severity of each factor on a scale of 1-5. The Relative Importance Index was calculated by multiplying the frequency and severity indices to rank factors. Legal disputes and ruling party issues in the locality were found to be the most critical factors based on their importance indices. The study aims to identify root causes of delays to help reduce unnecessary delays in future construction projects.
Examining the Impact of Government Spending on Social Housing ConstructionJorg Holter
This document examines the impact of government spending on social housing construction in London through a literature review, interviews, and statistical analysis. It investigates how changes in government policy have affected housing delivery structures, spending, costs, and construction programs. It also looks at the use of modern construction methods in social housing and compares costs, design quality, and efficiency to traditional methods. Key findings include that the new delivery structure had little impact on efficiency. Local authorities have become more prominent in delivery while uncertainty and risk-taking have increased. Some new government measures have raised costs. Most worrying is that austerity measures will reduce housing schemes by at least half. Results did not support arguments that modern methods improve design, costs, or efficiency.
Sustainability Indicators in Building Projects in Khartoum State during Const...IJAEMSJORNAL
This document summarizes a research article that identifies sustainability indicators that should be applied during the construction and operation stages of building projects in Khartoum State, Sudan to achieve sustainable performance.
The research involved a questionnaire distributed to engineers working in construction companies in Khartoum State. The results showed that the most important economic indicators during construction are fair wages, client changes, productivity and profitability. The most important social indicators are direct employment opportunities, client satisfaction, health and safety, and local employment ratio. The most important environmental indicators are recycling materials, water quality, renewable energy systems, and reducing dust and noise pollution.
For the operation stage, the most important economic indicator is the project's impact on the local
Cost Control on Construction with Maximum Usage of Ecofriendly MaterialsIRJET Journal
This paper analyzes cost control methods in construction using ecofriendly materials. A survey was conducted among the public and construction professionals to understand housing costs and identify more affordable alternatives. Common building materials and their costs were examined along with potential substitute ecofriendly materials. Techniques like using fly ash cement, recycled steel, and precast concrete could reduce construction costs by around 10%. The study found that implementing alternative materials and construction methods could lower costs by up to 20% compared to traditional approaches. The paper concludes that widespread use of local, natural materials and low-cost technologies could help address India's shortage of affordable housing.
Efficiency of indoor environment for improving people's healtheSAT Journals
Abstract The main role of building is to provide shelter, security and healthy place for its occupants. As people spend most of their time in indoor space ( home, work, schools, etc.) therefore most of the hazards that affect human health is a result of poor indoor environment. Among many factors contribute to unhealthy indoor environment and affect people’ health are lack of maintenance, indoor air quality (IAQ) as a result of poor of ventilation, light, noise, etc. Nowadays, architects, and interior designers main objective is to promote comfort and healthy indoor building environment for its occupants through the design process of new building and provide proper design solutions for existing buildings. Therefore, the aim of this research is identify active factors related health that affect the indoor building environment. Strategies and recommendations to prevent or minimize hazards due to poor indoor environment will be also addressed. Keywords: sustainable, indoor air quality (IAQ), human health
This document summarizes a study on developing sustainable construction for residential buildings in Pune City, India. It discusses how the construction industry is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation. The study aims to understand barriers to applying green building materials in real estate construction projects in Pune. A survey was conducted of construction professionals to assess awareness and material usage. The findings showed a lack of awareness among local builders, complex certification processes, high costs, and limited sustainable material availability as key barriers. Most projects used some green materials but replacing conventional materials remained low. The study concludes raising awareness of emissions from construction materials is needed to promote more sustainable practices in the industry.
The global level of urbanization has reached 50% and will continue to rapidly expand, affecting the lives and energy consumption of hundreds of millions of people moving to new urban areas. Mainstreaming sustainability and sustainable energy use in urban development has emerged as a key challenge. Buildings and construction represent a massive share of the global economy and have long-term environmental impacts. Achieving sustainability in the built environment requires overcoming hurdles such as water scarcity, lack of energy access, air pollution, and inadequate housing for over 1 billion people.
Harnessing social media data for analyzing public inconvenience in constructi...akhileshakm
This document discusses a study that analyzed social media data from Twitter to understand public inconvenience caused by metro rail construction projects in four major Indian cities. The study collected tweets related to noise, vibration, traffic and other issues. It then conducted social network analysis to identify influential Twitter accounts. Text analytics, topic modeling and sentiment analysis were used to analyze the tweets and identify discussion topics and public sentiment towards the projects. The analysis of social media data provided insights into the key issues faced by the public and their reactions, which can help metro agencies improve engagement and address public concerns.
An After-Stay Satisfaction Survey of Residents Living in Prefabricated Concre...drboon
We have conducted an after-stay satisfaction survey of residents living in prefab concrete buildings. Many modern fast constructions make use of prefab parts, but no research on living satisfaction has been made. Multiple criteria questionnaire survey has been conducted to find out satisfaction on comfortable lives. Nine criteria have been surveyed: moisture protection, noise prevention, safety of structures, thermal prevention, air flow, external appearance, interior, facility, and overall satisfaction. Comparisons from the survey results in term of five-level Likert scale satisfaction are drawn from prefab-made dormitories, detached houses, and townhouses. The surveyed results are somewhat identical, but noise problems are the most concerns for people living in dormitories. For prefab-made detached houses and townhouses, problems in renovation and augmentation are highly alike in terms of difficulties and complexities, compared to non-prefab-made houses.
Application of cost effective technology in low cost housing and their propag...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the application and propagation of cost-effective technologies in low-cost housing in Kerala, India. It describes how the study assessed the economics of various cost-effective building materials and methods compared to conventional techniques. A questionnaire survey was conducted among various income groups to evaluate awareness of cost-effective technologies. The results of the survey were analyzed using statistical tools. Various tables in the results section compare different factors like house ownership, construction materials used, and awareness of organizations promoting low-cost housing techniques. The study concluded the educational qualifications and awareness of groups like Nirmithi Kendra influence the selection and use of cost-effective building methods.
IRJET- Interface Management and its Effect on Project Complexity in Constr...IRJET Journal
This document discusses interface management and its effect on project complexity in construction management projects. It begins with defining what an interface is and explaining that interfaces can occur between project stakeholders, within organizations involved in the project, and with external entities. The document then discusses how increasing project scale leads to more interfaces that must be managed. It reviews literature on both project complexity and interface management. The goal of the document is to empirically understand how effective current interface management practices are at mitigating the adverse impacts of project complexity in engineering and construction projects.
IRJET- Construction of E3 Shelter by Civil Waste Material: A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews the construction of shelters using waste materials from construction sites. It aims to reduce construction costs and make shelters more economical, sustainable, and eco-friendly. The waste materials used include broken bricks, tiles, granite pieces, and other debris. Using these discarded materials reuses waste and lessens the environmental impact of construction. Previous studies found that incorporating construction waste into concrete and structures provides strength while lowering pollution. The proposed shelters could be applied to bus stops, traffic areas, and temporary housing after disasters to provide shelter in a green and affordable manner.
The document discusses planning considerations for public buildings like schools and hospitals. It covers site selection criteria which include adequate size, quiet surroundings, and proper drainage. School design principles are outlined for classrooms, assembly halls, and other components. Classrooms should be designed according to student numbers and activities. Hospitals also require separate areas for outpatient and inpatient care, with consulting rooms of different sizes. Proper planning of public buildings can create healthy, comfortable environments that support their functions.
IRJET- Cost Estimation of a Building using Cost Effective Building MaterialsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study that compares the costs of building a duplex home using conventional building materials versus more cost-effective alternative materials. It first outlines the methodology, including details of the project like the plot size and number of floors. It then lists some common cost-effective alternative building materials that could replace conventional materials like cement concrete, burnt clay bricks, and river sand. These alternatives include fly ash concrete, autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks, and other substitutes. The document aims to determine the total cost reduction that could be achieved by using alternative building materials.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
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Construction Standards of Residential Buildings Post HandoverIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on construction defects found in residential buildings after handover to residents. The study used a post-occupancy evaluation technique involving surveys of residents to identify defects. Key findings included that the most common defects were leakages and cracks. The locations with the most defects were the kitchen, bathroom, and washroom. Possible causes of defects identified were poor quality materials and poor workmanship. The goal of the study was to improve construction standards by learning from resident feedback on defects.
The document provides an introduction to a research study on how construction activities affect local communities. It includes background information on construction impacts, the problem statement, previous similar studies, and outlines the research aims, questions, objectives, scope, importance, design, and structure. Specifically:
- The introduction discusses common negative impacts of construction such as pollution, vibration, noise, and traffic issues that can inconvenience local residents.
- The problem statement highlights research showing construction is a major source of air pollution and reviews examples of construction causing home damage and sleep disruption from noise.
- Previous similar studies identified noise, dust, and traffic as top construction impacts and recommended mitigation legislation and sustainable practices.
- The research aims
Opportunities for Energy Conservation in Residential Buildings of Bhopal: A C...Pratish Rawat
Currently, about 40% of the world's energy consumption is used in buildings. In India, with the improvement of living standards and the improvement of living standards, the energy consumption of cooling/heating in buildings is also increasing. The document presents a study based on a survey conducted in residential buildings in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. This survey was conducted to evaluate the influence of various parameters such as orientation, window/wall ratio, open areas around buildings, window areas exposed to direct solar radiation, planting, shading, natural lighting, energy consumption in summer and winter Wait. The results have been analyzed for thermal comfort conditions. Controlling this direct sunlight gain can be used as a measure to increase energy savings and thermal comfort. The method of controlling direct solar gain has been discussed in this document. Describes energy-saving opportunities and makes recommendations. From the perspective of optimally designing new residential buildings, this research is useful and can also reduce the energy consumption of existing buildings through some simple measures.
This document provides a review of construction defects, including their causes and types. It begins by defining construction defects and discussing their negative impacts on cost, duration, and resources. It then reviews literature on previous studies of defect causes, including factors related to design, construction management, materials, and human errors. The document categorizes defects as structural or non-structural. It provides examples of common structural defects like cracks and discusses non-structural defects. Recommendations are provided for minimizing defects during the design and construction phases, including quality management programs, design reviews, coordination between teams, and proper construction methods.
IRJET- A Study on Low Cost Housing Construction with Delay ManagementIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on reducing costs for low-cost housing construction through the use of alternative materials and construction methods, while also examining causes of delays in construction projects. It first discusses definitions and importance of low-cost housing to address housing needs of low-income populations. It then reviews past literature on use of industrial waste materials and prefabrication techniques to reduce costs. The study aims to identify factors causing delays on an ongoing housing project, such as delays from contractors, clients, and weather events. Major causes of delay found were late contractor payments, material shortages, design changes, weather, and lack of skilled labor. The impacts of delays included increased costs, reduced productivity, and delayed completion. Recommendations are
This document analyzes critical factors affecting construction project delays in the Pune region of India. A survey was conducted of construction companies to identify common reasons for delays. 82 potential factors were identified from literature review and categorized into project-level, owner, contractor, consultant, design, material, labor, equipment, and external factors. Respondents provided the frequency and severity of each factor on a scale of 1-5. The Relative Importance Index was calculated by multiplying the frequency and severity indices to rank factors. Legal disputes and ruling party issues in the locality were found to be the most critical factors based on their importance indices. The study aims to identify root causes of delays to help reduce unnecessary delays in future construction projects.
Examining the Impact of Government Spending on Social Housing ConstructionJorg Holter
This document examines the impact of government spending on social housing construction in London through a literature review, interviews, and statistical analysis. It investigates how changes in government policy have affected housing delivery structures, spending, costs, and construction programs. It also looks at the use of modern construction methods in social housing and compares costs, design quality, and efficiency to traditional methods. Key findings include that the new delivery structure had little impact on efficiency. Local authorities have become more prominent in delivery while uncertainty and risk-taking have increased. Some new government measures have raised costs. Most worrying is that austerity measures will reduce housing schemes by at least half. Results did not support arguments that modern methods improve design, costs, or efficiency.
Sustainability Indicators in Building Projects in Khartoum State during Const...IJAEMSJORNAL
This document summarizes a research article that identifies sustainability indicators that should be applied during the construction and operation stages of building projects in Khartoum State, Sudan to achieve sustainable performance.
The research involved a questionnaire distributed to engineers working in construction companies in Khartoum State. The results showed that the most important economic indicators during construction are fair wages, client changes, productivity and profitability. The most important social indicators are direct employment opportunities, client satisfaction, health and safety, and local employment ratio. The most important environmental indicators are recycling materials, water quality, renewable energy systems, and reducing dust and noise pollution.
For the operation stage, the most important economic indicator is the project's impact on the local
Cost Control on Construction with Maximum Usage of Ecofriendly MaterialsIRJET Journal
This paper analyzes cost control methods in construction using ecofriendly materials. A survey was conducted among the public and construction professionals to understand housing costs and identify more affordable alternatives. Common building materials and their costs were examined along with potential substitute ecofriendly materials. Techniques like using fly ash cement, recycled steel, and precast concrete could reduce construction costs by around 10%. The study found that implementing alternative materials and construction methods could lower costs by up to 20% compared to traditional approaches. The paper concludes that widespread use of local, natural materials and low-cost technologies could help address India's shortage of affordable housing.
Efficiency of indoor environment for improving people's healtheSAT Journals
Abstract The main role of building is to provide shelter, security and healthy place for its occupants. As people spend most of their time in indoor space ( home, work, schools, etc.) therefore most of the hazards that affect human health is a result of poor indoor environment. Among many factors contribute to unhealthy indoor environment and affect people’ health are lack of maintenance, indoor air quality (IAQ) as a result of poor of ventilation, light, noise, etc. Nowadays, architects, and interior designers main objective is to promote comfort and healthy indoor building environment for its occupants through the design process of new building and provide proper design solutions for existing buildings. Therefore, the aim of this research is identify active factors related health that affect the indoor building environment. Strategies and recommendations to prevent or minimize hazards due to poor indoor environment will be also addressed. Keywords: sustainable, indoor air quality (IAQ), human health
This document summarizes a study on developing sustainable construction for residential buildings in Pune City, India. It discusses how the construction industry is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation. The study aims to understand barriers to applying green building materials in real estate construction projects in Pune. A survey was conducted of construction professionals to assess awareness and material usage. The findings showed a lack of awareness among local builders, complex certification processes, high costs, and limited sustainable material availability as key barriers. Most projects used some green materials but replacing conventional materials remained low. The study concludes raising awareness of emissions from construction materials is needed to promote more sustainable practices in the industry.
The global level of urbanization has reached 50% and will continue to rapidly expand, affecting the lives and energy consumption of hundreds of millions of people moving to new urban areas. Mainstreaming sustainability and sustainable energy use in urban development has emerged as a key challenge. Buildings and construction represent a massive share of the global economy and have long-term environmental impacts. Achieving sustainability in the built environment requires overcoming hurdles such as water scarcity, lack of energy access, air pollution, and inadequate housing for over 1 billion people.
Harnessing social media data for analyzing public inconvenience in constructi...akhileshakm
This document discusses a study that analyzed social media data from Twitter to understand public inconvenience caused by metro rail construction projects in four major Indian cities. The study collected tweets related to noise, vibration, traffic and other issues. It then conducted social network analysis to identify influential Twitter accounts. Text analytics, topic modeling and sentiment analysis were used to analyze the tweets and identify discussion topics and public sentiment towards the projects. The analysis of social media data provided insights into the key issues faced by the public and their reactions, which can help metro agencies improve engagement and address public concerns.
An After-Stay Satisfaction Survey of Residents Living in Prefabricated Concre...drboon
We have conducted an after-stay satisfaction survey of residents living in prefab concrete buildings. Many modern fast constructions make use of prefab parts, but no research on living satisfaction has been made. Multiple criteria questionnaire survey has been conducted to find out satisfaction on comfortable lives. Nine criteria have been surveyed: moisture protection, noise prevention, safety of structures, thermal prevention, air flow, external appearance, interior, facility, and overall satisfaction. Comparisons from the survey results in term of five-level Likert scale satisfaction are drawn from prefab-made dormitories, detached houses, and townhouses. The surveyed results are somewhat identical, but noise problems are the most concerns for people living in dormitories. For prefab-made detached houses and townhouses, problems in renovation and augmentation are highly alike in terms of difficulties and complexities, compared to non-prefab-made houses.
Application of cost effective technology in low cost housing and their propag...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the application and propagation of cost-effective technologies in low-cost housing in Kerala, India. It describes how the study assessed the economics of various cost-effective building materials and methods compared to conventional techniques. A questionnaire survey was conducted among various income groups to evaluate awareness of cost-effective technologies. The results of the survey were analyzed using statistical tools. Various tables in the results section compare different factors like house ownership, construction materials used, and awareness of organizations promoting low-cost housing techniques. The study concluded the educational qualifications and awareness of groups like Nirmithi Kendra influence the selection and use of cost-effective building methods.
IRJET- Interface Management and its Effect on Project Complexity in Constr...IRJET Journal
This document discusses interface management and its effect on project complexity in construction management projects. It begins with defining what an interface is and explaining that interfaces can occur between project stakeholders, within organizations involved in the project, and with external entities. The document then discusses how increasing project scale leads to more interfaces that must be managed. It reviews literature on both project complexity and interface management. The goal of the document is to empirically understand how effective current interface management practices are at mitigating the adverse impacts of project complexity in engineering and construction projects.
IRJET- Construction of E3 Shelter by Civil Waste Material: A ReviewIRJET Journal
This document reviews the construction of shelters using waste materials from construction sites. It aims to reduce construction costs and make shelters more economical, sustainable, and eco-friendly. The waste materials used include broken bricks, tiles, granite pieces, and other debris. Using these discarded materials reuses waste and lessens the environmental impact of construction. Previous studies found that incorporating construction waste into concrete and structures provides strength while lowering pollution. The proposed shelters could be applied to bus stops, traffic areas, and temporary housing after disasters to provide shelter in a green and affordable manner.
The document discusses planning considerations for public buildings like schools and hospitals. It covers site selection criteria which include adequate size, quiet surroundings, and proper drainage. School design principles are outlined for classrooms, assembly halls, and other components. Classrooms should be designed according to student numbers and activities. Hospitals also require separate areas for outpatient and inpatient care, with consulting rooms of different sizes. Proper planning of public buildings can create healthy, comfortable environments that support their functions.
IRJET- Cost Estimation of a Building using Cost Effective Building MaterialsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study that compares the costs of building a duplex home using conventional building materials versus more cost-effective alternative materials. It first outlines the methodology, including details of the project like the plot size and number of floors. It then lists some common cost-effective alternative building materials that could replace conventional materials like cement concrete, burnt clay bricks, and river sand. These alternatives include fly ash concrete, autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) blocks, and other substitutes. The document aims to determine the total cost reduction that could be achieved by using alternative building materials.
Similar to COMMON PROBLEMS OF EXISTING PUBLIC APARTMENT BUILDINGS IN VIETNAM (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
A high-Speed Communication System is based on the Design of a Bi-NoC Router, ...DharmaBanothu
The Network on Chip (NoC) has emerged as an effective
solution for intercommunication infrastructure within System on
Chip (SoC) designs, overcoming the limitations of traditional
methods that face significant bottlenecks. However, the complexity
of NoC design presents numerous challenges related to
performance metrics such as scalability, latency, power
consumption, and signal integrity. This project addresses the
issues within the router's memory unit and proposes an enhanced
memory structure. To achieve efficient data transfer, FIFO buffers
are implemented in distributed RAM and virtual channels for
FPGA-based NoC. The project introduces advanced FIFO-based
memory units within the NoC router, assessing their performance
in a Bi-directional NoC (Bi-NoC) configuration. The primary
objective is to reduce the router's workload while enhancing the
FIFO internal structure. To further improve data transfer speed,
a Bi-NoC with a self-configurable intercommunication channel is
suggested. Simulation and synthesis results demonstrate
guaranteed throughput, predictable latency, and equitable
network access, showing significant improvement over previous
designs
Blood finder application project report (1).pdfKamal Acharya
Blood Finder is an emergency time app where a user can search for the blood banks as
well as the registered blood donors around Mumbai. This application also provide an
opportunity for the user of this application to become a registered donor for this user have
to enroll for the donor request from the application itself. If the admin wish to make user
a registered donor, with some of the formalities with the organization it can be done.
Specialization of this application is that the user will not have to register on sign-in for
searching the blood banks and blood donors it can be just done by installing the
application to the mobile.
The purpose of making this application is to save the user’s time for searching blood of
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Sri Guru Hargobind Ji - Bandi Chor Guru.pdfBalvir Singh
Sri Guru Hargobind Ji (19 June 1595 - 3 March 1644) is revered as the Sixth Nanak.
• On 25 May 1606 Guru Arjan nominated his son Sri Hargobind Ji as his successor. Shortly
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Jahangir.
• Guru Hargobind's succession ceremony took place on 24 June 1606. He was barely
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• As ordered by Guru Arjan Dev Ji, he put on two swords, one indicated his spiritual
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2. Dinh Tuan Hai
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urban immigrants, state and private property developers have developed a series of new urban
areas with high-rise apartment buildings. These are significantly better living areas than those
built between 1960s and 1980s because of larger areas, with elevators, more amenities, and
meeting expectations of living residents (Hai, 2007). Although having a movement to live in
new houses with better amenities and conditions, most of existing public apartment buildings
are in poor conditions and do not meet the minimum living requirements. There has been a
great deal of reflections, complaints and comments on the quality of these existing public
apartments in mass media and in scientific researches.
Many researchers and practitioners all around the world have carried out researches on the
reality of condominium buildings in many aspects, especially their failure problems. In general,
a problematic or damaged building is not the type that has not met the minimum requirements
of the people living in such areas as poor quality, lack of facilities, construction errors, lack of
gas and light, narrow area, water absorption and subsidence (VNA, 2014). These may come
from the construction process, but may also occur during the use of buildings with poor
maintenance (Dan and Shiozaki, 2011). Although these malfunctions rarely lead to the collapse
of apartment buildings, it is annoying to the people and consequently reduces the quality of
their lives (IBST, 2018).
In order to support for building refurbishment, a number of key research efforts have been
identified (Gohardani and Björk, 2012), where the focus on energy in the building environment
were suggested for further investigation. Facilitating an enhanced deployment of renewable
energy technologies within the residential sector such as the Greener Homes Scheme
established by the Irish Government in 2006, in which property types and ages were considered
in offering the support grants (Dinh et al., 2015; Kennedy et al., 2016). Eco‐label is another
innovative way for green or sustainable housing that has been promoted by governments
commonly use legislation or subsidies. This provision can become autonomous without any
state intervention if the consumers are willing to pay more for housing of better environmental
performance (Yau, 2012).
In this paper, the authors focus mainly on the existing public apartment buildings built
between 1960s and 1990s, funded and managed by local and central governments. In order to
find out how existing malfunctioning problems of existing condominium buildings were, the
authors conducted a review and analysed their situations and proposed some measures to limit
negative effects on daily life of local occupants. The study also paid some attention to the
newly-built high-rise apartment buildings to examine if their indoor and outdoor living
conditions have been successfully transited to green or sustainable housing model and if there
are any remaining issues.
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The authors began the study with the preparation of a questionnaire to collect information from
residents on the quality and apparent damages of condominium buildings in Vietnam. Even
though people gave a lot of ideas and suggestions about their living conditions, only main
issues and multiple occurrences have been selected for further visual investigation and in-depth
analysis. Visual inspection of physical components and service conditions of over 200 existing
public apartment buildings in Vietnam was also conducted by the authors to confirm the
accuracy of the information obtained from the individual interviews.
The information obtained from interview processes and visual surveys were collected for
analysis. The authors classified malfunctions according to what their appearances were and
how their affected. A scale is set from 0 to 100 points, broken down into five levels: 0-12.5,
12.6-37.5, 37.6-62.5, 62.6-87.5 and 87.6-100. These levels, if classified by their appearance in
3. Common Problems of Existing Public Apartment Buildings in Vietnam
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apartment buildings, are “very few”, “few”, “medium”, “often”, and “very often”. Similarly,
the degree of their influence on the quality of apartments will be “not impact”, “less impact”,
“moderate”, “impact” and “serious impact”. Based on the information obtained during
interviews with people and results of the assessment on a scale basis, the study draws
conclusions about the quality and defects of the apartment buildings at Vietnam. Some
recommendations to improve the quality were also proposed at the end of this study.
3. OVERALL QUALITY OF EXISTING CONDOMINIUM BUILDINGS
IN VIETNAM
The survey data on Figure 1 shows that existing public apartment buildings in Vietnam are
largely irresponsive to expectations and demands of quality and services. There is a high
percentage of people living in apartments expressed their concerns for quality and living
conditions, as evidenced by data collected from both direct and Internet surveys. Specifically,
40.28% and 32.70% of people interviewed directly confirmed that the quality of their buildings
was "poor" and "very poor". Similar results were observed in Internet surveys with a percentage
of 40.79% and 50.03% respectively. This fact has been mentioned in many other studies on the
quality and living conditions of public apartment buildings in Vietnam. Table 1 summarizes
surveys and analyses with the conclusion that 30% of the total "collective damage" in terms of
quality and 38% "aspirations and demands of the people" on the ability to serve.
Figure 1 Evaluation of Overall Quality for Existing Condominium Buildings in Vietnam
Table 1 Evaluate Quality and Serviceability of Existing Public Apartments in Vietnam
Overall evaluation of existing apartment buildings Percentage Total
Quality conditions
There is no failure at all 10%
100%There are failures but at moderate level 60%
There are failures but at serious level 30%
Serviceability conditions
Total satisfaction of people’s expectations and
requirements
11%
100%Satisfaction of people’s expectations and requirements 51%
Not satisfaction of people’s expectations and
requirements
38%
4. Dinh Tuan Hai
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4. COMMON DEFECTS ON OLD PUBLIC APARTMENT BUILDINGS
IN VIETNAM
Practically, there are many complaints about the poor quality of used materials and
unsatisfactory service on existing public apartment buildings in Vietnam. This is especially
serious with buildings built during the 1960-1980 period. These problems are generally caused
by a number of factors such as time-related degradation, environmental impact, maintenance,
ineffective and ineffective maintenance, and other causes. In the process of interviewing people
and experimenting with visual inspection, authors discovered many problems. Some serious
failures and emergencies are listed below.
Figure 2 Evidences on Defects of Building Structures
Table 2 Defects occurred on structures of existing public apartment buildings
Structural
defects
Occurrence
degree
Impact
degree
Main causes
Steel corrosion
Very often
(85%
surveys)
Moderate
impact on
overall quality
Adverse climate due to high humidity, quick
temperature changes on the day, poor quality
of concrete, poor quality of reinforcement
steel bars, insufficient thickness of concrete
cover
Cracks
Often
(60%
surveys)
Moderate
impact on
overall quality
Temperature changes, external vibrations and
transportations, excessive loads, poor design
Local settlements
Medium
(40%
surveys)
Serious
impact on
overall quality
Ground complexity, reducing of ground water
tables, poor quality of foundation
construction, poor investigation of soil
characteristics
Other defects
such as broken,
plaster removal,
deformation,
wrapping, ...
Medium
(40%
surveys)
Less impact
on overall
quality
Broken on concrete and masonry, poor
construction quality, low quality of
construction materials, people ‘s
negligence, ...
4.1. Failures on Building Structures
Under combined effects of many factors such as adverse environment, excessive loads,
unsuitable design, poor construction quality and lack of maintenance, the structural systems of
most of existing apartment buildings are damaged. Some typical damages found from visual
inspections are cracks, metal corrosion, local settlement of foundations, etc. Although they
accumulate over time and are less likely to cause collapse of whole buildings, some of their
Steel
corrosi
on
Broken Cracks on walls and slabs
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consequences have been confirmed the phenomenon of infiltration, stagnation and insecurity
for the people. Some examples are given in Figure 2 and detailed in Table 2.
4.2. Time Aging
Problems caused by aging over time are shown in Figure 3. It can be seen that there are many
older buildings in Vietnam with a service life of more than 50 years. In addition, the pre-mature
aging problems are also common, due to the impact of extreme weather and the microorganism
such as mould and moss. The aging of buildings affects people’s living conditions, appearing
some damages such as wetting walls and roofs, condensed water, condensed water vapour and
humidity. Causes of pre-mature aging problems come from many different perspectives and
are described in Table 3.
Figure 3 Signals of aging problems occurred on many existing condominium buildings
Table 3 Summary on aging problems occurred on many existing condominium buildings in Vietnam
Aging problems
Occurrenc
e degree
Impact degree Main causes
Old buildings with their
ages of 50 years or
longer.
Often
(55%
surveys)
Serious impact,
cause dilemmas
for people
Adverse climate with
temperature changes,
bacteria, sunlight, moisture,
rains, ...
Lacking preventive
maintenance in order to clean
and clear dusts covered on
building structures
There are too many old
buildings built between
under used
Unsuitable and not durable
materials to resist again
adverse climate
Local damages such as
corrosion, breaking,
cracks, ... are not repaired on
time
Pre-mature aging signals
due to fungus, moss and
termites, ....
Very often
(90%
surveys)
Moderate
impact on
external
surfaces of
buildings
Physical defects such as
corrosion, breaking and
cracks.
Often
(70%
surveys)
Serious impact
on building
quality
Functional defects such
as rain leakages, water
stagnation, steam
accumulation and pipe
broken
Often
(60%
surveys)
Moderate
impact on
people ‘s living
conditions
4.3. Negative Impacts from Outdoor Environment
Vietnam is located in a humid tropical climate region, which often negatively impacts building
structures. While many public apartment buildings have been built for long time, negative
impacts from the surrounding environment are evident. A survey of the status of existing
apartment buildings clearly identifies these aspects (Figure 4) as waterlogging, humidity and
noises inside old apartment buildings.
6. Dinh Tuan Hai
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Figure 4 Existing condominium buildings under impacts of surrounding environment
Table 4 Impacts of surrounding environment on existing buildings
Indoor
environment
Occurre
nce
degree
Impact degree Main causes
External
damps
Often
(70-
100%
surveys)
Serious impact
(Cause metal problems
for building residents)
Noise-insulated materials and
designs have not been used.
Traffic induced acoustic
penetrate into indoor spaces.
Defects related
to damps and
steam
Very
often
(80-
100%
surveys)
Moderate impact
(Cause structural
damages, insects
occurred and adverse
impacts on building
residents)
Lack of damping proof courses
on footing structures.
High underground water levels.
Presence of intensive moisture
climate.
Absence of air-conditioning
system.
Rain leakages
and water
stagnation
from ground
Often
(40-
100%
surveys)
Moderate impact
(Increase indoor
moisture and cause
dilemmas for building
residents)
Absence of water proofing
systems, or these being poorly
fitted.
Cracks allow water penetrating
through concrete and masonry.
4.4. Low Indoor Living Quality
The most important goal of public apartment buildings is to provide comfortable living spaces
for people with different aspects such as layout, clean water supply, electricity system, and
moving. In Vietnam, however, many existing apartments are not targeted because they serve
the poor and do not emphasize on comfortable living conditions, but pay attention to having a
dark living space. The first face-to-face problem is that the living area is very narrow. During
the study, the author found that there are many apartments for 4-6 people living in but their
areas are only about 18-24m2
, or average only 5m2
per person. This figure is confirmed to be
very low compared to the general area of 10m2
in Vietnam and 30m2
in the world. Due to the
small area, it is difficult to divide apartments into independent rooms, leading to the fact that
one or more generations of grandparents, parents and descendants have to live together in the
same living rooms, bedrooms and dining rooms. Figure 5 shows a typical apartment layout of
existing buildings those built between 1960-1980. Table 5 details the low quality of life in
residential buildings in Vietnam.
Lack of noise-proof
solutions
Vapor occurring
insides
Water leakage and stagnation
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Figure 5 General layout of typical public apartment buildings built between 1960s – 1980s
Table 5 Details on low living conditions on existing apartment building in Vietnam
Low living
conditions
Occurrenc
e degree
Impact degree Main causes
Narrow rooms,
average 5m2
per
person.
Very often
(70-90%
surveys).
Moderate impact
(Create
psychological
problems for
occupiers).
Initial purposes of
condominium buildings were
serving poor people so high
indoor living standards were
not targeted
Unsuitable room
layouts with very
small serviced spaces
to cause less facilities
for bathing, cooking,
corridors, ...
Very often
(70-100%
surveys).
Serious impact
(Users are in
difficult
approaching
auxiliary
systems).
Building designs not satisfy
for modern living
requirements of people.
Increase number of people
living inside rooms and
buildings.
Unsuitable room
layouts cause traffic
limitation due to
sloping staircases,
narrow corridors, ...
Often
(50-80%
surveys).
Moderate impact
(Prevent traffic
in/out rooms and
buildings)
Poor maintenance causes
decreasing quality of
auxiliary systems, defects and
malfunctions.
Quality decreasing on
auxiliary systems
(water supply,
plumbing and
electrical cables).
Very often
(80-100%
surveys).
Serious
impact(Prevent
people using
water, electricity
and other
auxiliary
systems).
Aging and quality decreasing
of condominium buildings in
terms of physical and
functional conditions.
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4.5. Lack of Service Facilities
The lack of ancillary equipment is a clear thing now with the old condominium in Vietnam.
Figure 6 shows the use alternative PVC pipes 100-150mm diameter for malfunction water
supply system. The main cause may be that the original designs do not have these auxiliary
devices, because the living conditions and the preceding criteria are not mandatory. On the
other hand, over time, many auxiliary equipment has been damaged or lost as summarised in
Table 6 so it is not available for the life of the old apartment buildings.
Figure 6 Use alternative PVC pipes 100-150mm diameter for malfunction water supply system
Table 6 Lacking of auxiliary facilities on existing condominium buildings
Lack of auxiliary
facilities
Occurrence
degree
Impact degree Main causes
Unavailability of fire
alarms and detectors.
Very often
(95%
surveys).
Serious impact
(Late in early detecting
fires and informing
indoor people).
Auxiliary facilities are either
not much emphasized or not
mentioning on design
standards at initial stages.
Improper working
condition of fire-
distinguishers and exist-
staircases.
Often
(60-8%
surveys).
Serious impact (Prevent
people fighting against
fire and escaping from
buildings).
Lack of maintenance on
existing auxiliary facilities.
Improper layouts of existing
condominiums and their
individual apartments.
Accessing directions are
poorly constructed or not
properly functioned.
Often
(70-90%
surveys).
Moderate impact
(Causes problem of
accessing in/out
buildings).
People have no awareness
for the importance of
auxiliary facilities.
Unavailability of parking
spaces for personal
motorcycles and cars.
Average
(40-60%
surveys).
Moderate impact
(Create dilemmas for
occupied residents).
Change of economics and
living levels.
5. COMMON PROBLEMS OF NEWLY BUILT APARTMENT
BUILDINGS IN VIETNAM
5.1. Poor Outdoor Living Conditions
Good indoor living conditions are an important indicator of quality, with factors such as natural
lighting and non-polluted air quality. Actual visual investigations confirmed poor living
conditions and lack of facilities in existing public apartment buildings in Vietnam. There are
many buildings that are built near each other in the range of 20-50m, while their heights are
over 50m. This fact causes buildings to lack natural light and clean air as they are blocked by
external obstructions. At the same time, ventilation and lighting should use artificial measures.
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This means energy consumption increasing significantly to maintain a quality light and
ventilation minimum for residents living inside. The cause of this problem comes from the fact
that property investors apply the land use rate too high, with construction density of about 60-
80% for the purpose of obtaining highest profits. As a result, auxiliary areas, gardens and
openings have been significantly reduced. Figures 7 and Table 8 give a clear illustration of this
problem.
Figure 7 Excessive concentration of apartment buildings insides of new cities
Table 7 Details of poor indoor living conditions on apartment buildings in Vietnam
Poor indoor
living conditions
Occurance
degree
Impact
degree
Main causes
Lack of natural
light for indoor
living spaces of
building.
Often
(80%
surveys)
Serious impact
(Increase power
consumption for
artificial lighting)
High land-using rates of 60-80%
cause reduction of outdoor airy
spaces.
Owners reduce maximum of
airy areas and landscaping.
Use less windows and openings
on buildings’ external walls.
Natural and artificial ventilation
systems are not yet good as
requirements.
Room layouts are not suitable to
cause stagnating polluted air
inside.
Lack of fresh air
for breathe.
Very often
(90%
surveys)
Moderate impact
(Create
uncomfortable
living conditions)
Polluted air
contained high
levels of
CO,NO2, SO2và
VOC.
Medium
(50%
surveys)
Serious impact
(Cause respiratory
and pulmonary
diseases)
Most newly-built apartment buildings exhibit low level of outdoor safety and comfort,
where they were built very close to streets and traffic, as typically shown in Figure 8. The
access to/from these building are consequently inconvenient and negatively influences in the
local traffic. The residents in these buildings have to suffer from traffic noise and pollution.
10. Dinh Tuan Hai
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Figure 8 Access and safety issues due to apartment buildings close to streets
Table 8 Typical fire accidents in apartment buildings in Hanoi and Hochiminh Cities
Location Time Damage Severity
Building CT5, Xa La
Urban Area, Hanoi
Septemb
er 2015
Hundreds of residents were forced to
evacuate. Furniture was damaged.
Medium
HH4 in Linh Dam
Urban Area, Hanoi
Septemb
er 2015
Hundreds of residents were forced to
evacuate. Furniture was damaged.
Medium
34-storey CT4
buildings in Xa La
Urban Area, Hanoi
October
2015
Damaging two parking levels on an area of
1,533sq.m. 200 motorbikes, 45 bicycles,
and one car were burnt
High
15-17 Ngoc Khanh
Street, Ba Dinh
district, Hanoi
October
2015
200 apartments had to live with the risk of
fire because the apartment still lacks a
completed fire prevention system, though
the building opened 10 years ago.
Medium
Golden Westlake
apartment complex,
151 ThuyKhe street,
Tay Ho district,
Hanoi
25
Decembe
r2015
A fire broke out on the top floor (25th
floor) and spread quickly. Seven fire
engines were mobilised, however, the
height of the building made it difficult to
extinguish the fire.
Medium
Carina Plaza, District
8, HCM City
March
2018
13 people were killed.
Very
high
Fodacon building,
Tran Phu street,
Hadong district,
Hanoi
25 May
2018
Hundreds of residents were forced to
evacuate. All furniture in Apartment 1806
were burnt after the fire. Serious traffic
congestion. Windows cracked under the
heat of the fire and fell on a person who
had to be taken to hospital.
High
5.2. High Risk at Fire and Difficulties in Fire Fighting and Emergency
Evacuation
The Hanoi city’s Department of Fire Prevention and Fighting published a report in May
2017and stated that 79 high-rise apartment buildings failed to meet fire safety regulations in
Hanoi, 64 of which had not passed fire safety tests but were already operational, while one
building was under construction without its design passing a fire safety assessment.
11. Common Problems of Existing Public Apartment Buildings in Vietnam
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An interdisciplinary team of the Vietnam Ministry of Public Security and Ministry of
Construction recently carried out a study across seven localities, including Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh
(HCM) City, Da Nang and provinces of Quang Ninh, Hai Phong, Khanh Hoa and Ba Ria-Vung
Tau(VOV, 2018) [5]. The investigation concluded that than 4,100 high-rise buildings in
Vietnam are at high risk of fire. Hundreds of residential buildings in Hanoi and HCM City were
found not to comply with fire safety standards, which came into operation without any
evaluation of the performance of fire detection and suppression systems. Major incompliances
to fire safety include (i) fire-resistant doors were not equipped with fire exit hardware, (ii)
technical rooms or the fire doors of these were not automatically close, (iii) automatic fire alarm
systems at other buildings were not operating with manual pull stations or fire detectors, and
(iv) fire detectors are not set up at each floor’s hall and technical room. Other safety issues
observed were (vi) internal roads were not accessible to fire trucks, and (vii) automatic fire
fighting water pumps in the basements did not operate even when activated, and (viii) some
plumbing hoses do not have supply lines. A number of fire accidents have consequently
occurred with considerable damages, where the typical cases are listed in Table 8
6. CONCLUSION
This paper analyses the quality of existing condominium buildings in Vietnam, together with
the possible causes of negative impacts. The author concludes that there are many structural
defects as well as utility features that have had a negative impact on the people living inside
the apartments. In order to obtain more comprehensive and detailed conclusions, the author
proposes that the relevant authorities conduct comprehensive investigations into the quality of
condominium buildings. The results will be one of the important data that will help the
government and its stakeholders to develop appropriate measures to improve the quality and
living conditions of people. This also highlights key issues for sustainable refurbishment of old
apartment buildings, which include necessity of directing future refurbishment towards energy
conservation. Eco – model for sustainable indoor and outdoor conditions is another scope for
refurbishment of existing buildings and planning, design and construction of new buildings.
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