Combined Ion Exchange as a Pre- and Post-Treatment for High Pressure Membrane Systems
•
1 like•170 views
This research evaluated combined ion exchange (CIX) as a pre-treatment and post-treatment for high pressure membrane systems. CIX uses anion and cation exchange resins to remove dissolved organic matter (DOM) and calcium from water and concentrate streams. Laboratory experiments showed CIX pre-treatment reduced fouling of membranes exposed to humic acid solutions, allowing higher recovery, but had minimal effect on fouling from solutions with Suwannee River natural organic matter. Further research is needed to understand how organic matter characteristics influence CIX effectiveness and fouling.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Download to read offline
Recommended
Nanobubble
Dr. A. Lakshmanan and colleagues at TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India studied nanobubbles and their applications. Nanobubbles can remain stable for months unlike microbubbles. Methods to generate nanobubbles include hydrodynamic and nozzle injection techniques. Factors like gas type, pH, temperature, and time influence nanobubble stability. Nanobubbles have various applications in agriculture like oxygenating plant roots, in aquaculture, and hydroponics. They also aid in water treatment through processes like oxidation, flotation, and disinfection. Overall, nanobubble technologies provide benefits with less chemical use and have potential future applications.
Erin Fuller WW Poster
This study explores using microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) to remove heavy metals from wastewater at low concentrations. MECs generate electricity through exoelectrogenic bacteria and reduce metals to solid deposits at the cathode. The objectives are to examine the effects of concentration, voltage on removal efficiency, quantify contribution of removal mechanisms, and study competition between simultaneously treated metals. Eight metals were selected for treatment based on their reduction potentials and environmental/economic impact. The document outlines the MEC setup, experimental conditions, analytical methods and provides context on challenges of heavy metal removal and MEC technology.
OSCAR
David Degenkolb, Gary Saxton, and Michael K. Tierney received a Technical Achievement Award for developing a silver recovery ion exchange system that eliminates hazardous silver ions from wash water, allowing the water to be recycled and reused. This system improves the quality of a laboratory's wash water while significantly reducing environmental impact and water consumption.
Nabec (smith, m)
This study examined the effects of incorporating biochar made at different temperatures (420°C and 600°C) into denitrifying bioreactors (DNBRs) containing woodchips. The reactors with biochar thoroughly mixed into the woodchips had the highest nitrogen reduction, with over 1% of the original nitrogen remaining after 36 hours for the 420°C biochar. The 600°C biochar gained nitrogen content after the experiment while the 420°C biochar lost content. Overall, thoroughly mixing biochar into woodchips enhanced microbial activity and denitrification compared to separating biochar and woodchips, and higher temperature biochar performed better than lower temperature biochar.
Hyderabad | Sep-16 | Sustainable biofuels from large scale algal culture by u...
This document discusses using bioprocess technology to produce sustainable biofuels from large-scale algal culture. Specifically, it experimentally proves that combining plug flow reactors with airlift fermenters on a large scale can sustainably generate biofuels by harvesting light with algae. This process allows for continuous fermentation, biomass separation with only sparging required, and generates algal biomass in self-sustaining airlift fermenters. Algae are also efficient producers of oil and biomass and have higher photosynthetic efficiency and growth rates than plants. The document concludes that microalgae have much higher biofuel yields than other feedstocks and can use non-arable land, making them a promising
Bi̇oremediation presentation v.1
Bioremediation; biotechnology; Agricultural; Industrial; Contamination; Bio-stimulation; Bioaugmentation; ADVANTAGES OF BIOREMEDIATION; BIOREMEDIATION APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT TREATMENT
; Case study; SPECIALISTS IN THE REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED SOILS AND GROUNDWATERS; Study about Alfina dolphins; Study Reveals; Exxon Valdez; Petroleum Hydrocarbons;
JAWWA Full-Text
The document discusses elevated levels of ammonia in drinking water sources in parts of the United States, including Iowa. While ammonia itself is not harmful, its conversion to nitrite and nitrate through nitrification can cause water quality issues. An innovative biological treatment process was developed using a patented aeration contactor design. A pilot study of this process in Palo, Iowa successfully reduced ammonia levels from an average of 3.3 mg/L to nondetectable levels. This led to the construction of a full-scale treatment plant in Palo to document the process. The plant includes monitoring and additions of phosphate to enhance biological activity based on pilot study results.
Micro - algae cultivation for biofuels: cost, energy balance, environmental i...
Micro-algae have potential as a feedstock for biofuels but their economic viability and environmental sustainability depends on the energy and carbon balance, environmental impacts, and production costs. Most studies find that achieving a positive energy balance requires technological advances, and aspects like pumping energy, construction materials, fertilizer, and drying require further optimization. Environmental impacts from water, carbon dioxide, and nutrients could constrain design options. Cost estimates need better empirical data from commercial-scale production systems designed for biofuels. Significant cost reductions may only be possible if carbon, nutrients, and water are very low-cost, which is very demanding.
Recommended
Nanobubble
Dr. A. Lakshmanan and colleagues at TNAU, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India studied nanobubbles and their applications. Nanobubbles can remain stable for months unlike microbubbles. Methods to generate nanobubbles include hydrodynamic and nozzle injection techniques. Factors like gas type, pH, temperature, and time influence nanobubble stability. Nanobubbles have various applications in agriculture like oxygenating plant roots, in aquaculture, and hydroponics. They also aid in water treatment through processes like oxidation, flotation, and disinfection. Overall, nanobubble technologies provide benefits with less chemical use and have potential future applications.
Erin Fuller WW Poster
This study explores using microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) to remove heavy metals from wastewater at low concentrations. MECs generate electricity through exoelectrogenic bacteria and reduce metals to solid deposits at the cathode. The objectives are to examine the effects of concentration, voltage on removal efficiency, quantify contribution of removal mechanisms, and study competition between simultaneously treated metals. Eight metals were selected for treatment based on their reduction potentials and environmental/economic impact. The document outlines the MEC setup, experimental conditions, analytical methods and provides context on challenges of heavy metal removal and MEC technology.
OSCAR
David Degenkolb, Gary Saxton, and Michael K. Tierney received a Technical Achievement Award for developing a silver recovery ion exchange system that eliminates hazardous silver ions from wash water, allowing the water to be recycled and reused. This system improves the quality of a laboratory's wash water while significantly reducing environmental impact and water consumption.
Nabec (smith, m)
This study examined the effects of incorporating biochar made at different temperatures (420°C and 600°C) into denitrifying bioreactors (DNBRs) containing woodchips. The reactors with biochar thoroughly mixed into the woodchips had the highest nitrogen reduction, with over 1% of the original nitrogen remaining after 36 hours for the 420°C biochar. The 600°C biochar gained nitrogen content after the experiment while the 420°C biochar lost content. Overall, thoroughly mixing biochar into woodchips enhanced microbial activity and denitrification compared to separating biochar and woodchips, and higher temperature biochar performed better than lower temperature biochar.
Hyderabad | Sep-16 | Sustainable biofuels from large scale algal culture by u...
This document discusses using bioprocess technology to produce sustainable biofuels from large-scale algal culture. Specifically, it experimentally proves that combining plug flow reactors with airlift fermenters on a large scale can sustainably generate biofuels by harvesting light with algae. This process allows for continuous fermentation, biomass separation with only sparging required, and generates algal biomass in self-sustaining airlift fermenters. Algae are also efficient producers of oil and biomass and have higher photosynthetic efficiency and growth rates than plants. The document concludes that microalgae have much higher biofuel yields than other feedstocks and can use non-arable land, making them a promising
Bi̇oremediation presentation v.1
Bioremediation; biotechnology; Agricultural; Industrial; Contamination; Bio-stimulation; Bioaugmentation; ADVANTAGES OF BIOREMEDIATION; BIOREMEDIATION APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT TREATMENT
; Case study; SPECIALISTS IN THE REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED SOILS AND GROUNDWATERS; Study about Alfina dolphins; Study Reveals; Exxon Valdez; Petroleum Hydrocarbons;
JAWWA Full-Text
The document discusses elevated levels of ammonia in drinking water sources in parts of the United States, including Iowa. While ammonia itself is not harmful, its conversion to nitrite and nitrate through nitrification can cause water quality issues. An innovative biological treatment process was developed using a patented aeration contactor design. A pilot study of this process in Palo, Iowa successfully reduced ammonia levels from an average of 3.3 mg/L to nondetectable levels. This led to the construction of a full-scale treatment plant in Palo to document the process. The plant includes monitoring and additions of phosphate to enhance biological activity based on pilot study results.
Micro - algae cultivation for biofuels: cost, energy balance, environmental i...
Micro-algae have potential as a feedstock for biofuels but their economic viability and environmental sustainability depends on the energy and carbon balance, environmental impacts, and production costs. Most studies find that achieving a positive energy balance requires technological advances, and aspects like pumping energy, construction materials, fertilizer, and drying require further optimization. Environmental impacts from water, carbon dioxide, and nutrients could constrain design options. Cost estimates need better empirical data from commercial-scale production systems designed for biofuels. Significant cost reductions may only be possible if carbon, nutrients, and water are very low-cost, which is very demanding.
Kareem Hassan_Iwatec_Poster_final draft
This study investigated the removal of micro-pollutants from wastewater using micro algae. Two micro-pollutants, diclofenac and bisphenol-A, were tested at different concentrations with two types of micro algae, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus spec. The results showed that micro algae growth was not negatively affected by the micro-pollutants and could be enhanced at higher concentrations. Under laboratory conditions, a significant reduction in micro-pollutants was achieved through their removal by the micro algae. Chlorella vulgaris eliminated both diclofenac and bisphenol-A, while Scenedesmus spec. removed bisphenol-A but
Fernando Alday_Environmental Engineer_December 2015
This document is a resume for Fernando J. Alday. It summarizes his professional experience and education. Alday has over 10 years of experience in environmental engineering, water treatment, and hazardous waste management in both industry and academia. He holds a Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering from the University of Arizona and has worked as an environmental engineer and wastewater operator at Freeport-McMoRan mines.
Nano technology in ervironmental engineering
Nano technology has the potential to address current problems in water treatment by utilizing unique properties of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles can be used for nanoadsorption, nanocatalysis, nanofiltration, and nanoremediation to more efficiently treat water and wastewater. However, further development is needed to prove safety and reduce costs before wide applications. Research on environmental risks from nanoparticles in water systems is also important.
IRJET- Water Reclamation and Reuse
This document discusses water reclamation and reuse. It describes the water reclamation process, which involves microfiltration to strain out particles, reverse osmosis to remove minerals, and advanced oxidation with UV light and hydrogen peroxide to disinfect. Tests conducted on wastewater for reclamation include measuring organics, solids, nutrients, and physical properties. The document also discusses the environmental, health, and agricultural aspects of water reclamation and reuse, concluding that it is needed to preserve freshwater sources and can augment water supplies when treated adequately.
Misconceptions in Photocatalysis
This document summarizes a presentation on misconceptions in photocatalysis given at the 15th Orientation Course on Catalysis in India in 2014. It discusses several common misconceptions in photocatalysis research, such as referring to photocatalysts as catalysts when photocatalysis involves accumulating energy rather than just lowering activation energy. It also addresses misconceptions around the role of hydroxyl radicals, use of dyes as model compounds, definitions of photocatalytic activity and synergetic effects, and mechanisms of hydrogen production via water splitting. Recommended reading materials provide further details on the topics covered.
Desalination technology; economy and simplicity
This document discusses various desalination technologies that can be used to remove salt from seawater, including thermal, membrane, and solar-based methods. It focuses on reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED) processes, which are most suitable for small-scale desalination when coupled with solar energy from photovoltaic panels. RO uses pressure to force pretreated water through a semi-permeable membrane, leaving purified water while retaining dissolved salts. ED uses electric current to remove ions from water through ion-exchange membranes. The document analyzes factors that affect the performance of RO and ED, such as water temperature, flow rate, and salt concentration. It also discusses challenges like membrane fou
Capstone midterm
This document provides background information on tritium contamination at the Savannah River Site and the current phytoremediation efforts using forest irrigation. It outlines a proposal to enhance remediation by installing an artificial lighting system to increase tree transpiration rates. Key points include:
- Tritium contamination from waste storage has entered the groundwater and forest irrigation is used to remove it through evapotranspiration.
- Increased transpiration could further reduce tritium levels in local waterways.
- An artificial lighting design and installation plan will be developed and modeled to boost transpiration efficiency.
- The objective is to evaluate lighting options and their impacts on transpiration to enhance the existing remediation process.
A study on the removal of metal ions by Eichhornia Crassipes
The document summarizes a study on using water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) to remove metal ions from water. It discusses the objectives of studying the plant's efficiency in removing metals and the effect of pH. It reviews literature on the plant's removal of metals like copper, cadmium, and chromium from over 90% within 25 days. The methodology discusses preparing synthetic wastewater with metals like iron, aluminum, copper and chromium at different pH levels and concentrations. Results show the plant removed over 90% of chromium at pH 4.5 but only 33-77% at other pH levels. Iron removal was 78-80% on average. The plant absorbed more iron than other metals.
SODIS
This master's thesis examined methods for improving solar water disinfection (SODIS) using zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Testing showed that adding 0.01g/L of ZnO or TiO2 accelerated bacterial coliform inactivation, with TiO2 working faster than ZnO. Using nanoparticles also prevented bacterial re-growth for up to 7 days, unlike standard SODIS. The study demonstrated the potential for low-cost water treatment and identified opportunities to further enhance SODIS effectiveness, such as using different nanoparticle sizes and coating bottles.
Desalination for water supply
Removing dissolved minerals from seawater through desalination could help address freshwater shortages but faces challenges. Over 15,000 desalination plants operate worldwide using methods like reverse osmosis or thermal distillation. However, desalination is energy intensive and produces toxic brine waste. New technologies aim to reduce energy usage and better handle brine, but challenges around cost and environmental impact remain.
Direct Potable Reuse vs Desalination for California's Water Supply
California Coastkeeper Alliance Policy Director Sean Bothwell evaluates Direct Potable Resuse and Desalination as water supply options in California.
A simple chemical free arsenic removal method for community
This document describes a simple chemical-free method for removing arsenic from groundwater in West Bengal, India. A team of European and Indian scientists implemented the method in a village called Kasimpore. The method works by pumping groundwater from an aquifer and returning a portion of the water after aeration. This increases the dissolved oxygen and oxidizes arsenic, allowing it to be filtered out naturally. Six such plants are now operating in West Bengal and are providing drinking water to local communities with arsenic levels below WHO guidelines. The method produces no sludge and costs $1 per day to treat 2000 liters of water.
Environmental parameters
Environmental parameters that influence marine life include currents, temperature, salinity, nutrients, oxygen levels, depth, and substrate type. Global currents circulate ocean waters and affect temperature and nutrient distribution. Local currents are driven by wind, tides, and density differences. Temperature decreases with depth except in polar regions. Salinity measures dissolved salt concentrations and affects organisms' metabolic processes. Nutrient levels and light determine productivity, which varies globally and vertically in the water column. Depth influences numerous other factors and limits the distribution and morphology of marine life.
B.O.D DATA LOGGING
The document discusses how students from UPSI measured the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of different water samples, finding that drain water had the highest BOD level indicating it was most polluted while distilled water had the lowest. A high BOD means less dissolved oxygen is available for aquatic life since bacteria use it to break down organic waste. The experiment demonstrated how BOD testing can evaluate water quality and pollution levels.
Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water...
Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water supply is a fundamental need. Without potable water or
drinking water (less than about 500 ppm of salt) human life is not possible. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a
fresh, liquid state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic chemicals. For this reason,
purification of water supplies is extremely important.
Keeping these things in mind, we have devised a model which will convert the saline ground water into pure
and potable water using the renewable source of energy (i.e. solar energy). Solar energy is an abundant, never
lasting, and available on site and pollution free energy.Solar Energy is freely available and can be used as a very
cheap option to convert saline ground Water through Solar Distillation, by using Solar Stills. The conventional
single basin and single slop Passive Solar Still can be used to purify water but the main problem is that the per
square meter distillate output is less. So it is need to modify the design of solar still for high output of solar
distillate
Solar still is easy to construct, can be done by local people from locally available materials, simple in
operation by unskilled Personnel, no hard maintenance requirements and almost no operation cost. Simplest
basin type models of solar still in earlier days, researchers have progressed a lot to increase its efficiency.
Suitable modification of solar still can produce high output using minimum areas of land and even in cloudy
days. Experimental study is done at Rewa M.P. on two different basin water depth solar stills. Low water depth
solar water still is produced more distillate than high water depth still by the experiment.
Think Science: Nanotechnology; Heather Shipley, UTSA
Slides from Dr. Heather Shipley's presentation at TPR's Think Science event on Friday, November 16, 2018.
B4 07-nitrates and active transport
This document discusses the nitrogen cycle and how plants uptake nitrate ions from the soil through their roots. It explains that plants need nitrogen to make amino acids and proteins. Nitrogen enters the soil through fertilizers or by being fixed by bacteria that live symbiotically with legume plants. The document then describes how root cells are specialized to absorb nitrate ions from the soil through active transport, using energy to transport the ions against their concentration gradient into the root hair cells. It provides diagrams of root structures and the process of active transport. Students are assigned a homework task to research and write about legume plants.
Nano porous membranes for water purification by shrinath ghadge
Continuous population growth and urbanization as well as rapid industrialization, causing huge contamination of potable water or underground water, has been a serious concern all over the world. Due to incompetency of conventional water purification technologies to deliver complete pollutants free water at an economical price, a high performance, cost-effective and environmentally acceptable separation system is an urgent need which should not only remove macro-, micro- and nano-pollutants but also desalinate water to a significant extent. In this milieu, nanotechnology based carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes have shown impressive breakthroughs towards water purification as compared to existing energy intensive water purification systems and thus, this technology has immense potential for large scale commercial water purification in a cost effective manner.
Solar Water Splitting Presentation
This document discusses photoelectrochemical water splitting for hydrogen production. It describes the process which uses a photoelectrode to drive the oxidation of water at the anode and the concurrent reduction of protons at the cathode to produce hydrogen gas. Issues with the technology include high costs of production compared to natural gas, slow oxygen evolution kinetics, and challenges associated with transporting and storing the gases produced. The document then reviews current research trends focused on developing new photoelectrode materials like metal oxides, improving material morphologies at the nano-scale, and investigating techniques like electrospinning to produce novel structures with improved performance.
Fe iii oxide-reduction with pili by geobacter
This document discusses Geobacter sulfurreducens and its ability to reduce Fe(III) oxides through extracellular electron transfer via conductive pili. It notes that previous studies have shown the pili are essential for this process of reducing Fe(III) oxides. The mechanisms of extracellular electron transfer to Fe(III) minerals are important for biogeochemical cycles and bioremediation applications. Studies on Geobacter species have focused on G. sulfurreducens and shown that c-type cytochromes and pili localized in the outer membrane are required for optimal Fe(III) oxide reduction.
Reza H Chowdhury CEE 472
The document proposes using ultrasound as an advanced oxidation process to break down humic acid molecules in wastewater. Humic acid is a constituent of natural organic matter (NOM) that can clog activated carbon pores during filtration. The presentation would discuss NOM sources and health concerns, problems with NOM removal, how ultrasound works to break down molecules, previous research on using ultrasound to reactivate activated carbon, and the proposal to test ultrasound on humic acid before and after passing through an activated carbon bed. Future work would explore scaling up ultrasound and measuring humic acid concentrations more accurately.
A Study On Water Treatment
The Blacktown Water Treatment Plant project brief outlines the treatment process in 6 steps: 1) preliminary treatment to remove large objects, 2) grit removal, 3) primary sedimentation to remove settleable solids, 4) biological treatment using activated sludge to remove dissolved organic matter, 5) filtration using crushed coal and sand filters as a final step, and 6) chlorination and dechlorination of the effluent. The plant is designed to remove harmful substances from wastewater and safely discharge treated effluent while also producing agro-ash.
More Related Content
What's hot
Kareem Hassan_Iwatec_Poster_final draft
This study investigated the removal of micro-pollutants from wastewater using micro algae. Two micro-pollutants, diclofenac and bisphenol-A, were tested at different concentrations with two types of micro algae, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus spec. The results showed that micro algae growth was not negatively affected by the micro-pollutants and could be enhanced at higher concentrations. Under laboratory conditions, a significant reduction in micro-pollutants was achieved through their removal by the micro algae. Chlorella vulgaris eliminated both diclofenac and bisphenol-A, while Scenedesmus spec. removed bisphenol-A but
Fernando Alday_Environmental Engineer_December 2015
This document is a resume for Fernando J. Alday. It summarizes his professional experience and education. Alday has over 10 years of experience in environmental engineering, water treatment, and hazardous waste management in both industry and academia. He holds a Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering from the University of Arizona and has worked as an environmental engineer and wastewater operator at Freeport-McMoRan mines.
Nano technology in ervironmental engineering
Nano technology has the potential to address current problems in water treatment by utilizing unique properties of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles can be used for nanoadsorption, nanocatalysis, nanofiltration, and nanoremediation to more efficiently treat water and wastewater. However, further development is needed to prove safety and reduce costs before wide applications. Research on environmental risks from nanoparticles in water systems is also important.
IRJET- Water Reclamation and Reuse
This document discusses water reclamation and reuse. It describes the water reclamation process, which involves microfiltration to strain out particles, reverse osmosis to remove minerals, and advanced oxidation with UV light and hydrogen peroxide to disinfect. Tests conducted on wastewater for reclamation include measuring organics, solids, nutrients, and physical properties. The document also discusses the environmental, health, and agricultural aspects of water reclamation and reuse, concluding that it is needed to preserve freshwater sources and can augment water supplies when treated adequately.
Misconceptions in Photocatalysis
This document summarizes a presentation on misconceptions in photocatalysis given at the 15th Orientation Course on Catalysis in India in 2014. It discusses several common misconceptions in photocatalysis research, such as referring to photocatalysts as catalysts when photocatalysis involves accumulating energy rather than just lowering activation energy. It also addresses misconceptions around the role of hydroxyl radicals, use of dyes as model compounds, definitions of photocatalytic activity and synergetic effects, and mechanisms of hydrogen production via water splitting. Recommended reading materials provide further details on the topics covered.
Desalination technology; economy and simplicity
This document discusses various desalination technologies that can be used to remove salt from seawater, including thermal, membrane, and solar-based methods. It focuses on reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED) processes, which are most suitable for small-scale desalination when coupled with solar energy from photovoltaic panels. RO uses pressure to force pretreated water through a semi-permeable membrane, leaving purified water while retaining dissolved salts. ED uses electric current to remove ions from water through ion-exchange membranes. The document analyzes factors that affect the performance of RO and ED, such as water temperature, flow rate, and salt concentration. It also discusses challenges like membrane fou
Capstone midterm
This document provides background information on tritium contamination at the Savannah River Site and the current phytoremediation efforts using forest irrigation. It outlines a proposal to enhance remediation by installing an artificial lighting system to increase tree transpiration rates. Key points include:
- Tritium contamination from waste storage has entered the groundwater and forest irrigation is used to remove it through evapotranspiration.
- Increased transpiration could further reduce tritium levels in local waterways.
- An artificial lighting design and installation plan will be developed and modeled to boost transpiration efficiency.
- The objective is to evaluate lighting options and their impacts on transpiration to enhance the existing remediation process.
A study on the removal of metal ions by Eichhornia Crassipes
The document summarizes a study on using water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) to remove metal ions from water. It discusses the objectives of studying the plant's efficiency in removing metals and the effect of pH. It reviews literature on the plant's removal of metals like copper, cadmium, and chromium from over 90% within 25 days. The methodology discusses preparing synthetic wastewater with metals like iron, aluminum, copper and chromium at different pH levels and concentrations. Results show the plant removed over 90% of chromium at pH 4.5 but only 33-77% at other pH levels. Iron removal was 78-80% on average. The plant absorbed more iron than other metals.
SODIS
This master's thesis examined methods for improving solar water disinfection (SODIS) using zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Testing showed that adding 0.01g/L of ZnO or TiO2 accelerated bacterial coliform inactivation, with TiO2 working faster than ZnO. Using nanoparticles also prevented bacterial re-growth for up to 7 days, unlike standard SODIS. The study demonstrated the potential for low-cost water treatment and identified opportunities to further enhance SODIS effectiveness, such as using different nanoparticle sizes and coating bottles.
Desalination for water supply
Removing dissolved minerals from seawater through desalination could help address freshwater shortages but faces challenges. Over 15,000 desalination plants operate worldwide using methods like reverse osmosis or thermal distillation. However, desalination is energy intensive and produces toxic brine waste. New technologies aim to reduce energy usage and better handle brine, but challenges around cost and environmental impact remain.
Direct Potable Reuse vs Desalination for California's Water Supply
California Coastkeeper Alliance Policy Director Sean Bothwell evaluates Direct Potable Resuse and Desalination as water supply options in California.
A simple chemical free arsenic removal method for community
This document describes a simple chemical-free method for removing arsenic from groundwater in West Bengal, India. A team of European and Indian scientists implemented the method in a village called Kasimpore. The method works by pumping groundwater from an aquifer and returning a portion of the water after aeration. This increases the dissolved oxygen and oxidizes arsenic, allowing it to be filtered out naturally. Six such plants are now operating in West Bengal and are providing drinking water to local communities with arsenic levels below WHO guidelines. The method produces no sludge and costs $1 per day to treat 2000 liters of water.
Environmental parameters
Environmental parameters that influence marine life include currents, temperature, salinity, nutrients, oxygen levels, depth, and substrate type. Global currents circulate ocean waters and affect temperature and nutrient distribution. Local currents are driven by wind, tides, and density differences. Temperature decreases with depth except in polar regions. Salinity measures dissolved salt concentrations and affects organisms' metabolic processes. Nutrient levels and light determine productivity, which varies globally and vertically in the water column. Depth influences numerous other factors and limits the distribution and morphology of marine life.
B.O.D DATA LOGGING
The document discusses how students from UPSI measured the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of different water samples, finding that drain water had the highest BOD level indicating it was most polluted while distilled water had the lowest. A high BOD means less dissolved oxygen is available for aquatic life since bacteria use it to break down organic waste. The experiment demonstrated how BOD testing can evaluate water quality and pollution levels.
Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water...
Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water supply is a fundamental need. Without potable water or
drinking water (less than about 500 ppm of salt) human life is not possible. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a
fresh, liquid state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic chemicals. For this reason,
purification of water supplies is extremely important.
Keeping these things in mind, we have devised a model which will convert the saline ground water into pure
and potable water using the renewable source of energy (i.e. solar energy). Solar energy is an abundant, never
lasting, and available on site and pollution free energy.Solar Energy is freely available and can be used as a very
cheap option to convert saline ground Water through Solar Distillation, by using Solar Stills. The conventional
single basin and single slop Passive Solar Still can be used to purify water but the main problem is that the per
square meter distillate output is less. So it is need to modify the design of solar still for high output of solar
distillate
Solar still is easy to construct, can be done by local people from locally available materials, simple in
operation by unskilled Personnel, no hard maintenance requirements and almost no operation cost. Simplest
basin type models of solar still in earlier days, researchers have progressed a lot to increase its efficiency.
Suitable modification of solar still can produce high output using minimum areas of land and even in cloudy
days. Experimental study is done at Rewa M.P. on two different basin water depth solar stills. Low water depth
solar water still is produced more distillate than high water depth still by the experiment.
Think Science: Nanotechnology; Heather Shipley, UTSA
Slides from Dr. Heather Shipley's presentation at TPR's Think Science event on Friday, November 16, 2018.
B4 07-nitrates and active transport
This document discusses the nitrogen cycle and how plants uptake nitrate ions from the soil through their roots. It explains that plants need nitrogen to make amino acids and proteins. Nitrogen enters the soil through fertilizers or by being fixed by bacteria that live symbiotically with legume plants. The document then describes how root cells are specialized to absorb nitrate ions from the soil through active transport, using energy to transport the ions against their concentration gradient into the root hair cells. It provides diagrams of root structures and the process of active transport. Students are assigned a homework task to research and write about legume plants.
Nano porous membranes for water purification by shrinath ghadge
Continuous population growth and urbanization as well as rapid industrialization, causing huge contamination of potable water or underground water, has been a serious concern all over the world. Due to incompetency of conventional water purification technologies to deliver complete pollutants free water at an economical price, a high performance, cost-effective and environmentally acceptable separation system is an urgent need which should not only remove macro-, micro- and nano-pollutants but also desalinate water to a significant extent. In this milieu, nanotechnology based carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes have shown impressive breakthroughs towards water purification as compared to existing energy intensive water purification systems and thus, this technology has immense potential for large scale commercial water purification in a cost effective manner.
Solar Water Splitting Presentation
This document discusses photoelectrochemical water splitting for hydrogen production. It describes the process which uses a photoelectrode to drive the oxidation of water at the anode and the concurrent reduction of protons at the cathode to produce hydrogen gas. Issues with the technology include high costs of production compared to natural gas, slow oxygen evolution kinetics, and challenges associated with transporting and storing the gases produced. The document then reviews current research trends focused on developing new photoelectrode materials like metal oxides, improving material morphologies at the nano-scale, and investigating techniques like electrospinning to produce novel structures with improved performance.
Fe iii oxide-reduction with pili by geobacter
This document discusses Geobacter sulfurreducens and its ability to reduce Fe(III) oxides through extracellular electron transfer via conductive pili. It notes that previous studies have shown the pili are essential for this process of reducing Fe(III) oxides. The mechanisms of extracellular electron transfer to Fe(III) minerals are important for biogeochemical cycles and bioremediation applications. Studies on Geobacter species have focused on G. sulfurreducens and shown that c-type cytochromes and pili localized in the outer membrane are required for optimal Fe(III) oxide reduction.
What's hot (20)
Fernando Alday_Environmental Engineer_December 2015
Fernando Alday_Environmental Engineer_December 2015
A study on the removal of metal ions by Eichhornia Crassipes
A study on the removal of metal ions by Eichhornia Crassipes
Direct Potable Reuse vs Desalination for California's Water Supply
Direct Potable Reuse vs Desalination for California's Water Supply
A simple chemical free arsenic removal method for community
A simple chemical free arsenic removal method for community
Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water...
Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water...
Think Science: Nanotechnology; Heather Shipley, UTSA
Think Science: Nanotechnology; Heather Shipley, UTSA
Nano porous membranes for water purification by shrinath ghadge
Nano porous membranes for water purification by shrinath ghadge
Similar to Combined Ion Exchange as a Pre- and Post-Treatment for High Pressure Membrane Systems
Reza H Chowdhury CEE 472
The document proposes using ultrasound as an advanced oxidation process to break down humic acid molecules in wastewater. Humic acid is a constituent of natural organic matter (NOM) that can clog activated carbon pores during filtration. The presentation would discuss NOM sources and health concerns, problems with NOM removal, how ultrasound works to break down molecules, previous research on using ultrasound to reactivate activated carbon, and the proposal to test ultrasound on humic acid before and after passing through an activated carbon bed. Future work would explore scaling up ultrasound and measuring humic acid concentrations more accurately.
A Study On Water Treatment
The Blacktown Water Treatment Plant project brief outlines the treatment process in 6 steps: 1) preliminary treatment to remove large objects, 2) grit removal, 3) primary sedimentation to remove settleable solids, 4) biological treatment using activated sludge to remove dissolved organic matter, 5) filtration using crushed coal and sand filters as a final step, and 6) chlorination and dechlorination of the effluent. The plant is designed to remove harmful substances from wastewater and safely discharge treated effluent while also producing agro-ash.
CE 498 Report
This document summarizes research on developing a novel impregnated membrane for wastewater treatment using forward osmosis. Impregnated membranes were created by impregnating a hydrophilic polymer within a porous support structure to increase water flux. Experimental results showed that while impregnated membranes had lower water flux than commercial thin film composite membranes, they had higher performance ratios and salt rejection. This research demonstrates the potential of impregnated membranes for more efficient wastewater treatment using forward osmosis.
Synthesis of carbon nanotube membranes from plastics waste for brackish.docx
This document proposes a research project to synthesize carbon nanotube membranes from plastic waste for brackish water treatment. The goals are to address water scarcity in Australia by providing a more sustainable desalination method. Plastic waste would be converted to carbon nanotubes using chemical vapor deposition and anodic alumina membranes as a template. The carbon nanotube membranes could then remove salts and contaminants from brackish water more efficiently than current technologies. Testing would assess the membrane performance and quality of filtered water. If successful, the process could provide both an environmental and economic benefit through nanotechnological recycling of plastic waste into potable water filtration devices.
Africa; A Simplified Cost-Effective Biosand Filter (BSFZ) For Removal Of Che...
Africa; A Simplified Cost-Effective Biosand Filter (BSFZ) For Removal Of Chemical Contaminants From Water
Gjesm150161451593800
Estuaries are well known for their potential in removing metal from fresh water to provide micro-nutrients to aquatic life. In the present investigation, we have tried to bring out the metal removal potential of estuaries during accidental spills. For this purpose artificial river water containing high concentration of Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb were mixed with sea water at different salinity regimes. Water samples were taken from a station on the main branch of Tajan River that flows in to the Caspian Sea. For this purpose, solutions with a concentration of 5 mg/L of each studied metal (Mn,Cu, Zn, Pb) were prepared in Tajan River water. The salinity regimes include 3, 6, 8, 10 and 11 ppt. It was noted that metal concentration decreased by increasing salinity. Metals were flocculated at different rates: Cu (88%) > Ni (86%) > Pb (84%) > Mn (74%).Thus, as average about 80% of total elemental content flocculates. Hence, it was concluded that a large amount of micro nutrients is carried by the river and flocculated in the estuary where the river water mixes with the sea water which may play a vital role in supplying nutrients to the aquatic animals. Cluster analyses have shown that Mn and Ni are governed by EC, pH and salinity.
Designing of PoU Water Disinfection Unit using Copper
Poster presented on "DESIGNING AND EVALUATION OF WATER DISINFECTION UNIT TO IMPROVE WATER QUALITY USING COPPER" describing use of copper for disinfecting microorganisms and keeping water safe from recontamination
Dr. Menachem Elimelech - Water Technologies to Solve Increasing Global Water ...
University of Oklahoma College of Engineering - WaTER Center Speaker Series
http://www.ou.edu/coe/centers/water.html
BUBBLE COALESCENCE INHIBITION IN AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION
This document presents a study on bubble coalescence inhibition in aqueous electrolyte solutions. The study investigated the transition concentrations of single and mixed inorganic electrolytes (CaCl2, NaCl, Na2SO4, MgSO4) that inhibit bubble coalescence. Experiments were conducted in a bubble column by producing pairs of air bubbles in electrolyte solutions and measuring the percentage of bubbles that coalesced. Results showed that all electrolytes inhibited coalescence below a transition concentration, with CaCl2 providing the strongest inhibition. The strength of inhibition for mixed electrolytes followed the combination of the individual electrolytes. The transition concentrations depended on ion type and combination.
Ecosystem_Approach_REPORT_10470276_FINISHED
The document provides a critical appraisal of the ecosystem approach to restoring freshwater environments. It discusses the history of river degradation and the need for restoration. It then analyzes the ecosystem approach, which aims to restore heterogeneity, dynamism, and connectivity through natural geomorphic, hydrologic, and ecological processes. However, the approach has limitations due to a lack of consideration for human factors and timescales. Restoration using natural processes can take decades, which conflicts with human demands for shorter timescales. The approach is also limited in urban environments where human development constrains natural river processes. The ecosystem approach provides an ideal framework but must be adapted to real-world constraints.
pH effects on the adsorption of saxitoxin by powdered activated carbon
Increasing occurrence of cyanotoxins in surface waters worldwide pose significant problems, including
those for drinking water utilities. In this study, the removal of saxitoxin (STX) from three different
powdered activated carbons (PACs) was studied. STX is one of the most toxic paralytic shellfish toxins
(PSTs), albeit not the most prevalent. The results showed that a wide range of non-electrostatic and
electrostatic interactions appeared to play a role in the sorption of STX on PAC, depending on the solution
pH, NOM concentration, and other factors. A bituminous coal-based PAC, that was studied in greatest
detail, showed a trend of increasing sorption capacity for STX with increasing pH. NOM appeared to
significantly inhibit adsorption when the pH was nearly neutral (e.g. 7.05), yet it had less effect at higher
pH levels of 8.2 and 10.7.
Kinetic modelling of nitrate removal from aqueous solution during electrocoag...
This document discusses a study that aimed to model nitrate removal from aqueous solutions using electrocoagulation. Experiments were conducted to treat a synthetic solution containing 150 mg/L of nitrate using iron electrodes under various conditions. Kinetic and adsorption models were tested to determine which best fit the nitrate removal data. The results showed pseudo-second order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm provided the best fits. Nitrate removal efficiency increased with reaction time and current density.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
This document summarizes a study on using electrolysis to remove turbidity from water. The study tested applying different voltages from 5-100V for 5 minute intervals to water samples with initial turbidities of 300-450 NTU. Results showed that applying a lower voltage (5-50V) for a longer total time (2.5 hours) was more effective and cost efficient at reducing turbidity than using higher voltages for shorter times. Applying 50V reduced turbidities down to 4.3-9.7 NTU, while untreated samples only reduced to 22 NTU. The study concluded lower voltage electrolysis for extended periods is a beneficial and cost-effective method for turbidity removal from water.
ELECTRO DIALYSIS FOR THE DESALINATION OF BACKWATERS IN KERALA
With the declining freshwater source and increase in demand for the potable water need of desalination
have increased. The electrodialysis can be put as an economic substitute for the desalination of the
brackish water. This paper deals with the assessment of the effect contaminants in the desalination of
natural brackish water using electrodialysis. The contaminants studied were Boron, Sulfate and
Magnesium in the presence of chloride. The study was based on the function of pH at a constant voltage
of 11 V. Magnesium, Chloride, and Sulfate was not affected by the pH variations and was removed to an
efficiency of 94%, 95%, and 74% respectively. But the boron was not removed in neutral pH and showed
a removal efficiency of 41% at pH 10 in an hour. There was significant interference in the removal of the
Chloride ion and Sulfate ion.
Microbial fuel cell
This document summarizes a study that used microbial fuel cells prepared with freshwater sediments from the Rio de la Plata river to produce electricity. The study examined the relationship between current production and changes in the anodophilic microbial community. Microbial communities from the river sediments were able to produce current densities of up to 22.1 mA/m2. Analysis of the anodophilic microbial communities showed that those attached to the anode in fuel cells with added acetate substrate had greater diversity than those without added acetate.
ESP document
The document summarizes a study that evaluated the efficiency of a retention basin on the Heslington East Campus through biological and physiochemical monitoring. Key findings include:
1) Mean pH was 7.6 across the basin and decreased slightly from input to output. Dissolved oxygen levels varied between 6.07-10.42 mg/L.
2) Mean OPAL health score was 2.66, indicating variable water quality. Nitrate concentration averaged 0.61 mg/L.
3) Nitrate levels showed a significant negative correlation with distance from input (R2=0.613), decreasing from 1.307 to 0.369 mg/L. However, health scores did not correlate
A MULTI WATER QUALITY PARAMETER STUDIES FORM VELLAR RIVER, TAMIL NADU
In recent days, environmental pollution caused by anthropogenic input into rivers has become a serious problem. Studies on physiochemical characteristics of water on major rivers in Tamil Nadu have been done. However, minor rivers such as Vellar have less attention. At the same time, studies on microbial diversity are useful for environmental monitoring. In this regard, we collected samples from the Vellar River to examine physiochemical characters and microbial diversity to understand the present state of the river. The result shows that physiochemical characters (pH, Temperature, Salinity, TDS, and EC) are varied spatially. Whereas, the microbial diversity studies suggest that the most of water samples contact with gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria’s (Escherichia coli, streptococcus, salmonella typhi, bacillus sp, Klebsiella pneumoniae) and fungal diversity. The overall result suggests that the water quality of the Vellar River is classified in the D (poor) category. This is an alarming situation and immediate mitigative actions are needed.
Rier poster
The study examined the effects of stream channelization ("cleaning") on nitrogen retention in three streams in central Pennsylvania. Preliminary results showed that channelized reaches allowed nitrogen atoms to travel much further (3.7 times) compared to unaltered reference reaches. The uptake velocity, which represents overall nitrogen demand, was on average 4.7 times higher in reference reaches. These differences were likely due to a lack of stored organic matter in channelized reaches, as indicated by lower ecosystem respiration rates. The results suggest that widespread stream cleaning could reduce nitrogen uptake and potentially increase nitrogen flux into Chesapeake Bay.
11.application of principal component analysis & multiple regression models i...
Principal component analysis and multiple regression models were used to analyze water quality data from four sampling points along the Jakara River in Nigeria. PCA identified five factors explaining 83.1% of the variance in water quality: 1) ionic pollution from salts and minerals, 2) erosion runoff affecting suspended solids and turbidity, 3) domestic pollution shown by biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand, 4) dilution affecting temperature and dissolved oxygen, and 5) agricultural runoff containing nitrates and phosphates. Multiple regression identified dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, total solids, and chloride as best predicting water quality variation, explaining 94.2% of variability.
ZKhan poster spring 2016
- Aquatic humic substances (AHS) are macromolecular organic acids found in natural waters like streams and lakes that are derived from decaying plant matter. They represent around 50% of dissolved organic carbon in water.
- An extraction column was developed to isolate AHS from water samples using a solid sorbent. A permanganate titration method was also developed to quantify dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in water samples, which showed a precision of 10% but a systematic error of 33% compared to a reference material.
- The goals were to construct the extraction column, develop the DOC analysis method, and use these to characterize AHS and measure DOC concentrations in various water bodies in the Potomac River waters
Similar to Combined Ion Exchange as a Pre- and Post-Treatment for High Pressure Membrane Systems (20)
Synthesis of carbon nanotube membranes from plastics waste for brackish.docx
Synthesis of carbon nanotube membranes from plastics waste for brackish.docx
Africa; A Simplified Cost-Effective Biosand Filter (BSFZ) For Removal Of Che...
Africa; A Simplified Cost-Effective Biosand Filter (BSFZ) For Removal Of Che...
Designing of PoU Water Disinfection Unit using Copper
Designing of PoU Water Disinfection Unit using Copper
Dr. Menachem Elimelech - Water Technologies to Solve Increasing Global Water ...
Dr. Menachem Elimelech - Water Technologies to Solve Increasing Global Water ...
BUBBLE COALESCENCE INHIBITION IN AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION
BUBBLE COALESCENCE INHIBITION IN AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION
pH effects on the adsorption of saxitoxin by powdered activated carbon
pH effects on the adsorption of saxitoxin by powdered activated carbon
Kinetic modelling of nitrate removal from aqueous solution during electrocoag...
Kinetic modelling of nitrate removal from aqueous solution during electrocoag...
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
ELECTRO DIALYSIS FOR THE DESALINATION OF BACKWATERS IN KERALA
ELECTRO DIALYSIS FOR THE DESALINATION OF BACKWATERS IN KERALA
A MULTI WATER QUALITY PARAMETER STUDIES FORM VELLAR RIVER, TAMIL NADU
A MULTI WATER QUALITY PARAMETER STUDIES FORM VELLAR RIVER, TAMIL NADU
11.application of principal component analysis & multiple regression models i...
11.application of principal component analysis & multiple regression models i...
More from WaterWeUpTo
Innovative Ion Exchange Treatment: Process Engineering and Chemistry Consider...
1. The document evaluates a combined anion/cation ion exchange treatment process for removing natural organic matter and hardness from water. It examines using MIEX resin, which can be regenerated using different counter ions like chloride or bicarbonate.
2. Experiments show that combining anion and cation exchange removes more organic matter than either process alone. Regenerating the resin with bicarbonate rather than chloride also produces less waste.
3. Future work will further explore regenerating MIEX with bicarbonate and its ability to remove various contaminants over multiple regeneration cycles.
DOES INORGANIC FOULING LIMIT THE USES OF ECOLOGICALLY FRIENDLY ANION EXCHANGE?
This document summarizes a study investigating whether inorganic fouling limits the uses of ecologically friendly bicarbonate form anion exchange resins. Preliminary results found bicarbonate form performed similarly to chloride form without divalent cations, but presence of calcium and magnesium negatively impacted bicarbonate form more than chloride form. SEM images showed inorganic fouling of bicarbonate form resins after regenerations. Future work will further examine impacts of specific divalent cations and optimize regeneration. The study concludes inorganic fouling does impact bicarbonate form more than chloride form, and subsequent optimization is needed to determine how to address this challenge.
Impact of divalent cations on fouling potential of bicarbonate-form anion exc...
This document summarizes a study on the impact of divalent cations like calcium and magnesium on the fouling potential of bicarbonate-form anion exchange resins. Jar tests were conducted over multiple regeneration cycles using synthetic waters with varying cation compositions. The results showed that the presence of calcium and magnesium negatively impacts resin performance, with magnesium having the most profound effect for bicarbonate-form resins. Future work is needed to further investigate regeneration optimization and the influence of other cations like cobalt.
Efficacy of bicarbonate form anion exchange for potable water treatment
This document summarizes a study on the impact of divalent cations like calcium and magnesium on the fouling potential of bicarbonate-form anion exchange resins. Jar tests were conducted over multiple regeneration cycles using synthetic waters with varying cation compositions. The results showed that the presence of calcium and magnesium negatively impacts resin performance, with magnesium having the most profound effect for bicarbonate-form resins. Future work is needed to further investigate regeneration optimization and the biological fouling of bicarbonate-form resins.
Urine Source Separation and Treatment: Opportunities for Beneficial Reuse of ...
The document discusses using source separation and ion exchange to remove phosphorus from urine for beneficial reuse. The goal is to treat a concentrated urine stream to more efficiently remove phosphorus since it is a nonrenewable resource important for fertilizers. Tests were conducted using different doses of ion exchange resin on fresh and aged urine, achieving up to 99% removal efficiency of phosphorus from fresh urine. However, aged urine was less efficiently treated. Further testing is still needed to understand the effects of competing ions on phosphorus removal.
Removal of pharmaceuticals at the source using anion exchange treatment
This research investigated removing the pharmaceutical diclofenac from urine at its source using anion exchange resin before the urine enters wastewater streams. Synthetic urine was developed to simulate fresh and hydrolyzed urine containing 0.1 mmol/L of diclofenac. The study found that increasing the contact time and resin dose improved diclofenac removal, with an equilibrium time of 24 hours and optimal resin dose of 8 mL/L. Doubling the initial diclofenac concentration to 0.2 mmol/L did not significantly impact removal efficiency. Future work will examine how resin properties and competing ions affect removal.
Identifying contaminants of concern for ground water monitoring and water sup...
This document summarizes a report that identifies contaminants of concern for groundwater monitoring and water supply planning. The report was updated to expand on an existing monitoring report used by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. The objectives were to identify industries with large wastewater volumes, contaminants in each industry's effluent, and emerging contaminants. The report can aid permitting, investigations, education, and planning decisions like reusing industrial wastewater through examining treatment needs. It serves as a framework for research to reuse wastewater in other areas.
Fluorescence as a Surrogate Measurement of MIEX Treatment Efficiency
1) The document summarizes a study on using fluorescence spectroscopy to monitor the efficiency of magnetic ion exchange (MIEX) treatment of drinking water.
2) Samples from various water sources in Florida were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and fluorescence properties before and after MIEX treatment.
3) Results show MIEX preferentially removes the terrestrial organic matter component, and fluorescence intensity of microbial peaks correlated better to DOC removal than the terrestrial peaks. Models using fluorescence data predicted MIEX treatment efficiency well.
Innovative Phosphorous Removal and Recovery Strategies
This document compares advanced oxidation and traditional chemical treatment methods for removing phosphorus from water bodies. Specifically, it evaluates using UV/H2O2 treatment to oxidize dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) into more readily removable orthophosphate (PO4). The research found that 50 mg/L H2O2 and 60 minutes of UV exposure was very effective (80-100%) at oxidizing DOP to PO4 in model waters. Varying water chemistry did not affect oxidation rates. Treatment combining 50 mg/L H2O2 and 12 minutes of UV was also effective at oxidizing DOP. UV/H2O2 treatment removed natural organic matter more preferentially than DOP.
Identifying contaminants of concern for ground water monitoring and water sup...
This document aims to identify contaminants of concern for groundwater monitoring and water supply planning by updating an existing Florida Department of Environmental Protection report. The report provides information on contaminants and recommends monitoring parameters for prevalent industries in Florida. This update will help with permitting, investigations of groundwater contamination, and creating future regulations for emerging contaminants related to public health hazards. It also seeks to educate the public. The document reviews several key industries in Florida and the potential contaminants they may release, such as surfactants from car washing facilities, wood preservatives from wood preserving facilities, and chemicals from wastewater treatment plants.
Combined Ion Exchange Pretreatment to Reduce Membrane Fouling: Understanding ...
This research aims to understand interactions between natural organic matter (NOM) and divalent cations during ion exchange to enhance pretreatment and reduce membrane fouling. Experiments were conducted with various NOM isolates, resins, and cations to determine stoichiometry and dissolved organic carbon removal. Results showed more barium was removed due to precipitation as barium sulfate. Future work will compare different resin forms and conduct nanofiltration experiments with ion exchange pretreatment.
Secondary effects of anion exchange on chloride, sulfate, and lead release: S...
This document summarizes research into the secondary effects of anion exchange water treatment on water chemistry parameters like chloride and sulfate concentrations and how those changes influence lead and copper levels. The research found that higher chloride and sulfate levels increased lead release more than lower levels when their ratio was kept constant. It also found that natural organic matter influenced metal leaching more than model organic compounds. Additionally, anion exchange treatment increased chloride levels, decreased sulfate levels, and raised the chloride-sulfate ratio in finished water in a way that is expected to increase corrosion risk, especially for lead pipes and plumbing. The research argues a systems approach is needed to understand and control corrosion related to drinking water treatment and distribution.
Alternative Regeneration of Combined Ion Exchange Resins with K+ and HCO3-
This document discusses alternative regeneration methods for combined ion exchange resins using K+ and HCO3- instead of NaCl brine. Combined ion exchange uses both cation and anion exchange resins simultaneously, offering benefits in treatment and regeneration. The research aims to improve understanding of ion exchange interactions with alternative regenerants like KCl, NaHCO3, and KHCO3. Preliminary results found that K+ regenerates cation exchange resins similarly to Na+ and a regenerant concentration of 100x resin capacity was sufficient to regenerate anion resins but only partially regenerated cation resins. The overall goals are to compare regeneration effectiveness and treatment performance of different resin pairs saturated with alternative regenerants to NaCl.
Innovative Phosphorous Removal and Recovery Strategies
This study investigated using UV/H2O2 advanced oxidation to oxidize dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) to inorganic phosphorus (PO4) in model waters. The goal was to increase phosphorus removal through conventional chemical treatment. Model waters containing PO4, DOP, and natural organic matter were treated with UV/H2O2. Results showed substantial DOP oxidation to PO4 occurred with 50 mg/L H2O2 and 12 minutes of UV exposure. The UV/H2O2 treatment was more selective for DOP oxidation over natural organic matter removal. Oxidizing DOP to PO4 could improve phosphorus removal from water bodies.
Bicarbonate-from anion exchange: Inorganic and Organic Fouling
Bicarbonate-form anion exchange may address issues with chloride-form resins like increased chloride in treated water and difficult to dispose saline brine waste. This research project compares fouling of bicarbonate versus chloride-form resins. Preliminary conclusions are that magnesium increases fouling the most for both, fouling occurs rapidly with bicarbonate-form in magnesium's presence, and biofilms will form in a bicarbonate-form column with a healthy microbial population. The objective is to determine how fouling differs between the two resin forms.
Bicarbonate-form anion exchange: Affinity, regeneration, and stoichiometry
This document summarizes research on the use of bicarbonate-form anion exchange resins for removing natural organic matter from water. It found that fresh bicarbonate-form resin showed similar removal of anions as chloride-form resin, and both resins showed reduced removal after regeneration. Sodium bicarbonate regeneration was as effective as sodium chloride regeneration. The stoichiometry of bicarbonate-form resin did not follow predictable ion exchange behavior as other resin forms did. Overall, the research demonstrated bicarbonate-form resin is a viable alternative to chloride-form resin for removing natural organic matter from water.
Harvesting Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Potassium from Game Day Wastewater for Us...
This document discusses a research project to harvest nutrients from game day wastewater at Ben Hill Griffin Stadium to produce fertilizer for Florida Field. Approximately 90,000 fans attend football games each week, producing wastewater that contains high concentrations of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium. The goals are to determine the volume and composition of wastewater generated, the amount of fertilizer currently used on the field, and technologies to extract nutrients from urine to supplement existing fertilizer. This would conserve water and reduce fertilizer costs while promoting sustainability and lessening environmental impacts of phosphate mining in Florida.
Chapter 1 of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater
This document provides an outline and overview of standard methods for laboratory analysis. It discusses topics such as statistics, quality assurance, data quality, sample collection and preservation, analytical laboratory techniques, reagent water requirements, and health and safety practices. Specific statistical concepts covered include normal distribution, confidence intervals, outliers, and quality control calculations. The document also describes methods for evaluating data quality, measurement uncertainty, detection limits, and checking the correctness of analyses. Safety protocols for hazardous chemicals, emergency equipment, and waste disposal are also outlined.
More from WaterWeUpTo (18)
Innovative Ion Exchange Treatment: Process Engineering and Chemistry Consider...
Innovative Ion Exchange Treatment: Process Engineering and Chemistry Consider...
DOES INORGANIC FOULING LIMIT THE USES OF ECOLOGICALLY FRIENDLY ANION EXCHANGE?
DOES INORGANIC FOULING LIMIT THE USES OF ECOLOGICALLY FRIENDLY ANION EXCHANGE?
Impact of divalent cations on fouling potential of bicarbonate-form anion exc...
Impact of divalent cations on fouling potential of bicarbonate-form anion exc...
Efficacy of bicarbonate form anion exchange for potable water treatment
Efficacy of bicarbonate form anion exchange for potable water treatment
Urine Source Separation and Treatment: Opportunities for Beneficial Reuse of ...
Urine Source Separation and Treatment: Opportunities for Beneficial Reuse of ...
Removal of pharmaceuticals at the source using anion exchange treatment
Removal of pharmaceuticals at the source using anion exchange treatment
Identifying contaminants of concern for ground water monitoring and water sup...
Identifying contaminants of concern for ground water monitoring and water sup...
Fluorescence as a Surrogate Measurement of MIEX Treatment Efficiency
Fluorescence as a Surrogate Measurement of MIEX Treatment Efficiency
Innovative Phosphorous Removal and Recovery Strategies
Innovative Phosphorous Removal and Recovery Strategies
Identifying contaminants of concern for ground water monitoring and water sup...
Identifying contaminants of concern for ground water monitoring and water sup...
Combined Ion Exchange Pretreatment to Reduce Membrane Fouling: Understanding ...
Combined Ion Exchange Pretreatment to Reduce Membrane Fouling: Understanding ...
Secondary effects of anion exchange on chloride, sulfate, and lead release: S...
Secondary effects of anion exchange on chloride, sulfate, and lead release: S...
Alternative Regeneration of Combined Ion Exchange Resins with K+ and HCO3-
Alternative Regeneration of Combined Ion Exchange Resins with K+ and HCO3-
Innovative Phosphorous Removal and Recovery Strategies
Innovative Phosphorous Removal and Recovery Strategies
Bicarbonate-from anion exchange: Inorganic and Organic Fouling
Bicarbonate-from anion exchange: Inorganic and Organic Fouling
Bicarbonate-form anion exchange: Affinity, regeneration, and stoichiometry
Bicarbonate-form anion exchange: Affinity, regeneration, and stoichiometry
Harvesting Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Potassium from Game Day Wastewater for Us...
Harvesting Nitrogen, Phosphate, and Potassium from Game Day Wastewater for Us...
Chapter 1 of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater
Chapter 1 of Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater
Recently uploaded
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdf
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Dmitrii Kamaev, PhD
Senior Product Owner - QIAGEN
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
Tomaz Bratanic
Graph ML and GenAI Expert - Neo4j
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying Ahead
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy Survey
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte Webinar
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectors
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
Public CyberSecurity Awareness Presentation 2024.pptx
Cyber security awareness slides for a busisness by TreeTop Security
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...Edge AI and Vision Alliance
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Recently uploaded (20)
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdf
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdf
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
Biomedical Knowledge Graphs for Data Scientists and Bioinformaticians
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
GraphRAG for LifeSciences Hands-On with the Clinical Knowledge Graph
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying Ahead
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying Ahead
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success Story
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectors
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectors
Public CyberSecurity Awareness Presentation 2024.pptx
Public CyberSecurity Awareness Presentation 2024.pptx
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
Combined Ion Exchange as a Pre- and Post-Treatment for High Pressure Membrane Systems
- 1. Combined Ion Exchange as a Pre- and Post-Treatment for High Pressure Membrane Systems Jennifer N. Apell Dr. Treavor H. Dr. Katsuki (M.E., 2009) Boyer Kimura Flux decline for untreated and pre-treated (9 mL/L This research was supported by NSF East IRA958, 2 mL/L Amberlite 200, 60 min mixing time) Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes (ESPSI) Aldrich humic acid (AHA) synthetic water. Filtration Program award to JNA. continued until 70% recovery was achieved. Overview and Objectives As membrane water treatment systems increase in use throughout the world, pre-treatment will be needed to prevent fouling of membranes and post-treatment of the concentrate will be needed for disposal purposes and to reach zero- liquid discharge. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and calcium ions are two major foulants of membrane systems that cause severe fouling and limit system recovery. Research has begun to address membrane pre-treatment possibilities but is limited in scope. Little research has been conducted to address the treatment of membrane concentrate. Combined anion and cation exchange has been previously shown to effectively remove DOM and calcium from natural water. The following research questions were formulated based on this previous work. Can combined ion exchange reduce membrane fouling and allow for higher membrane system recovery? Will combined ion exchange work for both water and wastewater treatment? Accordingly, the objectives of the proposed research are: (1) to evaluate combined ion exchange as a pre-treatment for high pressure membrane systems and (2) to use combined ion exchange to treat the concentrate from high pressure membrane systems in order to increase the recovery of pure water and come closer to attaining zero liquid discharge. Conclusions The higher average molecular weight of AHA caused a slower exchange rate with the anion exchange resins and the removal of AHA suffered from size exclusion. Calcium exhibited a stronger interaction with SRNOM than AHA causing less removal of calcium in SRNOM synthetic water than in AHA synthetic water. Despite combined ion exchange having similar removals of DOC and calcium for both synthetic waters, combined ion exchange was able to alleviate a substantial amount of fouling for the AHA synthetic water and a negligible amount of fouling for the SRNOM synthetic water. Further research is needed to discern the characteristics of organic matter responsible for the difference in the effectiveness of combined ion exchange and membrane fouling. Apell, J.N., Boyer, T.H., Kimura, K., 2011. “Combined ion exchange (CIX) as a pre-treatment for high-pressure membrane systems,” Proceedings of the American Water Works Association Membrane Technology Conference, Long Beach, California, 28–31 March 2011, 6 pp. Download poster Treavor H. Boyer, Ph.D. ~ Assistant Professor ~ Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences ~ University of Florida thboyer@ufl.edu ~ 352.846.3351 ~ www.ees.ufl.edu/homepp/boyer ~ www.twitter.com/WaterWeUpTo