Combine august 2013 for web

POSTAL REGD. NO. : SSP/LW/NP-353/2012-2014

RNI NO. : UPPUN/2008/25934

T[Zso gqd/F dh gzikph GkFk ns/ gzikph ;fGnkuko dh nbzpodko fJeZbh wkf;e gfsqek

pMjwbI sumn
PUNJABI SUMAN
AUGUST 2013

Vol - 6 ISSUE-4

nr;s 2013

;kb-6 nze-4

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w"iK s[;K bZ[NhnK
15/8 i`"Bh; fgUnh ifjf'k"V fu%'kqYd izkIr dj i<+s vkSj i<+k;sa

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nr;s 2013

www.punjabisuman.com

R.N.I. NO. UPPUN/2008/25934

POSTAL REGISTRATION : SSP/LW/NP/353/2012-2014

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nr;s 2013
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215$295 @e# ;[GkF wkor
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w'0 L 9889065886
Email : office@punjabisuman.com
http://www.punjabisuman.com

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(1)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

BkBeFkjh ;zws - 544

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gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

d/F nkikd j'fJnk go f;Zy nkikd B j'fJnk
Bfoz d o f;z x w' I r k
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(3)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

ekco f;Zyk_ bJh j?.
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;oeko i/ x[; g?mhnk_ ns/ jfEnkok_ dh nkwd d/ Bkb-Bkb Bf;nk_ dh nkwd s/ th ;ysh Bkb o'e brkJ/ sZd
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d/ fj;kp feskp ns/ nEkj ;zgZfs dh ik_u io{oh j?. t'Nk_ ykso fJjBk_ d/ ekb/ ekoBkfwnk_ s/ godk gkJh oyBk_
th mhe Bjh_ j?.
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i/jV/ pZu/ ngB/ wksk fgsk dh ;/tk BjhI eod/ nr'I T[BQK dh n"bkd ed/ T[BQK dh ;/tk BjhI eodh.
uzr/ frq;sh dh ;G s'I tvh f;cs fJj j? fe T[j xo nkfJ nfGjkrs ~ ed/ th G[Zyk BjhI s'odk.
T[j nkdwh jo fJe d[y ~ nk;kBh Bkb ;fj iKdk j? i' ngB/ Bkb'I tX/o/ d[yh tb fXnkB d/t/.
w{zj d/ fwZm/ ns/ fdb d/ y'N/ fwsq Bkb'I w{zj dk e"Vk s/ fdb dk ;k d[FwB j}ko doi/ uzrk j?.
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frnkBh T{Xw f;zx ih
(4)

nr;s 2013


r[o{ BkBe d/t L nkgD/ pko/

e-mail

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b/yB ekoi th ehsk.
f;oc nkg ih pko/ fJe g[;se. p; ! ns/ n;h ngD/ nkg ~
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doFB eoe/ fJzvhnkr/IN xz[wfdnK fJe gfotko fwb frnk E'Vh d/o
fwb p'bD s'I pkd fejk ub'I ubhJ/. gfotko nkyD bZrk s[;h ub'I n;h
ubhnK ofynk t/ 11H30 ti/ ;h; rzi ni d/ fdB dk wZEk N/e e/ fJzfvnk
r/N nk ikd/I jK 12H30 ti/ d{i/ fdB dk wZEk N/e e/ xo ub/ iKd/ jK.
w?I ;'funk tkj HHHHHHHHHHH ubhnK T[j th o;wh.
(5)

3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321
3210987654321098765432121098765432109876543210987654321

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e

r[ o { BkBe ih dk gho nbh :ko ~ ;gFNheoD
Guru Nanak Dev Explains to Ali Yar

nbh :ko L

n? d/ot/F ! n} e[ikJh
t[ Bkw fuj dkoh <
r[ o { BkBe L wB n} f]skJ/ gzikpw
t Bkww BkBe fBozekoh
n;s,
nbh :ko L wkfJB/ fBozekoh B
fjwhdw
r[ o { BkBe L fBozeko Bkw/ ][dk
n;s, fBozekoh wB;{p
fpdK, :kBh pzdk fJ
y[dkfJw
nbh :ko L ofjB[wkJ/ s'I eh;s <
r[ o { BkBe L ][dkfJ wB
nbh :ko L y[dk ok pufj :kcsh <
r[ o [ BkBe L psofe y[dhJ/ ][d t
psofe wkf;tkJ/ nZbk
r'FN L iBw;kyh,GkJh pkbk, 476
Ali Yar :

O Darvesh ! where have
you come from and what
is your name ?
Guru Nanak : I have come from Panjab,
the land of five rivers and
my name is Nanak
Nirankari.
Ali Yar :
I do not understand the
meaning of the word
Nirankari.
Guru Nank : Nirankar is the name of
God. Nirankari means
one who belongs to Him.
Being one of God's men
and associated with Him
as such, I am, therefore,
being called so.
Ali Yar :
Who is your guide and
teacher ?
Guru Nanak : God, Our Creator.
Ali Yar :
How have you attained to
God ?
Guru Nanak : By Subduing my ego and
by dwelling on nothing
else but God, Gosht;
Janamsakhi, Bhai Bala 476

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

nDrfjbh dh th jd - fJe phph nkJh ;h nkgD/ p/ N / ~
b?e/. nkydh tho ih fJ; ~ ;wMkT[ fJj dkVh eNdk j? e/;k dh
p/ndph eodk j? pVk ;wMkfJnk BjhI wzBdk gsk BjhI feE'I f;y e/ nk
vk0 d/ftzdo phphg[ohnk
frnk t/ ;kv/ xo sK e'Jh e/;K dh p/ndph BjhI eodk id'I w?I finkdk id th y/vD dk wB j'fJnk,
r[;/ j[zdh jK sK efjzdk j? fe s[;h th sk GotZN/ Eye Brow pBkT[d/I j'
wK B/ izw e/ vKN brkJh.
j[D fJ; ~ s[;h jh ;wMkT[ fe Eye Brow Set eoB/ e/FK dh p/ndph E'Vh
eo' gVQkJh, eo' gVQkJh.
j[dh j? w?I ;'uh g? frnk fe fJBQK ~ eh nkyK p[MhnK rZbk B/ pkg{ ih nkg
z
pZfunK ~ d' ;kb s'I gfjbK,
ih jh feogk eo' ;'Mh py;' f;Zyh ftu ftykt/ d/ o;wK dh e'Jh EK BjhI.
ftu ;e{b d/ gk fdzd/ B/,
T[j sK fdbk dhnK ikDdk j? ;kvh jo ezw eoD dh Bhns ~
wzwh-gkgk efjD s'I gfjbK,
ikDdk j?.
J/, ph, ;hH p[btk fdzd/ B/.
csfj gqtkB eoBh ih.
fBZe/-fBZe/ pZfunK dh j[D,
nkg ih dk
w/ok e-mail gsk Lt/y' e?;h Fkws nkJh.
pqfizdo gkb f;zx @feow#
briji.kiram@gmail.com
eo' gVQkJh HHHHH
wK-pkg s'I vod/ pZu/,
j[D Bk w?dkB #u y/vD nkT[Id/,
;0 dkB f;zx e'wb, b[fXnkDk
y/v T[j feqeN dh th t/y',
fe;/ e"w dh Fesh i/ t/yDh J/, ed/ frD' Bk T[jd/ w[ohd fezB/ < ezfgT{No #s/ B/ y/vh iKd/.
pzd/ frD' Bk, ;r'I fJj eo' frDsh, U; e"w ftu j'J/ Fjhd fezB/ < S'NhnK-S'NhnK nZyK T[s/,
frD e/ t/y' ;z;ko dhnK e[Zb e"wK, t/y' e"D BhthI, t/y' e"D T[Zuh < w'Nh-w'Nh n?Be bkJh.
fi; e" w d/ j' D Fjhd pj[ s / , U; e" w dh ofjz d h J/ X" D T[ Z u h < eo' gVQkJh HHHHHHHHHH
id'I th g/go B/V/ nkT[Id/,
;/tk, f;woB, ;ukJh s/ f;de ;ziw, fi; e"w d/ wfjb dhnK EzwhQ nK B/.
;kohnK y/vK pzd eo fdzd/ B/,
U; e" w dk j[ z d k J/ f;o T[ Z u k, U; e" w dhnK pkjtK bz w hnK B/ .
eZm/ eo e/ ;ZG fyv"D/,
ftu ;zd{eK Xo fdzd/ B/.
Grsh, Fesh, e[opkBh s/ nDy, i}pk, fi; e"w d/ gk; fJj ok; j't.
/
ubdk BjhT[I e'Jh pjkBk,
T[j e"w BjhI ed/ |[bkw j[zdh, fijdk nkgD/ T[Zs/ ftFtk; j't/.
Bk jh ubdh e'Jh ;kJh.
fi; e"w dk f}zdk fJfsjk; j't/, T[j e"w BjhI fe;/ s'I vo ;edh.
eo' gVQkJh HHHHHHHHHH
fi; e" w ~ woB dk ukn j' t / , T[ j e" w BjhI ed/ th wo ;edh. BzpoK dh j[D pZfunK d/ bJh,
fi; e"w B/ d/; s/ Xow ]kso, nkgD/ ;o s/ ;wfMnk ;h; jh BjhI. u'Nh s'I tZX b'V j' rJh,
U; e"w dh BjhI fw;kb fwbdh, T[jdh iZr T[Zs/ e'Jh oh; jh BjhI. S'N/ S'N/ pZfunK bJh th,
t/y' f}zdrh d"V j' rJh.
f;Z y e" w ;z g { o B j? jo gZ y ' I , fiT{ I d h ikrdh T[ Z u / fBFkB eo e/ .
feZebh ghIxK, y/v swkF/,
nDy Bkb ihT{Dk, |?os Bkb woBk, f;zxK f;Zfynk J/ nzfwqsgkB eo e/.
feE/ N[o rJ/ ;wM Bk nkJh <
fi; e" w ftu j' D wBZ [ y ;Z u / , FkBdko j? T[ j dk fJfsjk; j[ z d k. eo' gVQkJh HHHHHHHHH
U; e" w dk j[ z d k GftZ y T[ Z i b, @e' w b# oZ p dk UE/ fBtk; j[ z d k.

eo' gVQ k Jh

FjhdK dh e" w

(6)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


gkme fbyd/ jB HHHHHHHHH

(fJj gkmeK d/ nkgD/ ftuko jB, ;z g kde dk ;jwfs j' D k io{ o h BjhI )

f;y ;wki ftu th p[s gq;sh dh F[o{nks
op dh gokgsh bJh jo w}jp ftu tZ y -tZ y
gfonk; jB fjzd{ tho G?Dk tZy-tZy wB'oEK bJh 33 eo'V
d/tfsnK dh g{ik Bkb tos B/w ftu jh nkgDk Gbk
b'ud/ jB. jios w[jwd ;kfjp s'I gfjbK p[s go;sh
dh fJBfsjk ;h. fJe xo ftu nro 10 w?Ipo ;B sK
15 w{oshnk fwbdhnK ;B. jios w[jwd ;kfjp B/ fJ;
dh Gog{o f]bks ehsh ns/ b'eK ~ p[s g{ik s'I jNk e/
fJe y[dk tzd skbk d/ bV bkfJnk ns/ fJ;bkw dh
;EkgBk ehsh j[D n;bh w'wB e/tb nZbk skbk ~ jh
wBd/ jB go ghoK cehoK d/ wikoK s/ ni/ th wE/ N/ed/
jB. w[;bwkBk ftu'I fJe FhnK w[;bwkB jB i' j}os
w[jwd ;kfjp s' fJbktk T[BK d/ itkJh jios nbh ns/
T[jBk d/ d' pfunK j;D ns/ j[;?B ~ th wBd/ jB fiBk
dk ;[BhnK Bkb fJN tN/ dk t?o ir ikfjo j?.
j[D n;h n;bh w;b/ s/ nKT[d/ jK, ;kv/ wkvoB
ns/ BthB f;y Xow ftu d; r[o{ ;kfjpkB B/ fJe
nekb g[oy ~ fgnkT[D dk j[ew ikoh ehsk. XB XB ;qh
r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih B/ nkgD/ nz s ;w/ I ~ Bidhe
ikDfdnK j'fJnk ;yFh r[o{ dk nzs ehsk ns/ dyD
Bkd/V fty/ r[o rZdh ;qh r[o{ rqzE ;kfjp ~ pyFh. ns/
j[ew bkr{ ehsk fe g{ik nekb eh nkswk rqE ftu ns/
z
;oho gzE ftu fJ; s' fJj ;g;N j'fJnk eh ;qh r[o{ rqE
z
;kfjp ;k~ nkswe ;/ X d/ D r/ ns/ n;h T[ j Dk dk
nfXnB eoKr/ ns/ r[opkDh d/ j[ewK ~ ewkT[D dk :sB
eoKr/. go wzd GkrK eoe/ f;Zyh s' e'o/ T[j b'r i' gzikph
BjhI gV ;ed/ e/tb T[; dh/ ;/tk ;zGkb ~ jh w[y oyd/
j'J/ gqekF ns/ ;[ynk;B ;EkBK s/ ;odhnK ftu o{w
jhNo ns/ rowhnK ftu J/0;h0 brtk e/ jh coi g{ok
eo b?Id/ jB. fJj th d/yD ftu nkfJnk j? fe r[o{
;kfjp bJh c?B;h oikJhnk ns/ wfjzr/ ezpb th yohd/
iKd/ jB. ;qh r[o{ rqE ;kfjp dh ;'Gk tXkT[D bJh T[jBK
z
~ ;s ;s o[wkfbnk ftu bg/fNnk iKdk j?. fJj ;fG
nksw efbnkD tb BjhI pbfe p[s gq;sh tb nro;o
j'D tkb/ fuB jh fd;d/ jB. ni i' e[M n;h FoXk
nXhB eo oj/ jK ;wK gke/ fotki pD ikJ/rk fi; bJh
n;h y[d jh fiw/dko j'tKr/. d';' ;kb pkd id'I T[d' dh
gBhoh ;kv/ g[s g'sfonk e'b'I fJ; pko/ g[SDr/ sK T[jBK

nr;s 2013

e'b fJe' jh T[so j'trk fe ;kv/ pi[or fJTI[ eod/ ;B.
/
n;h o'i w{b wzso ftu nyhobh s[e gVd/ r[o gq;kd
Gkt nekb g[oy dh gokgsh r[o{ feogk d[nkok jh j'dh
I
j?, r[o{ dk nfXnB eoe/ Bkfe e/tb wZEk N/e e/ ns/ eow
eKv eoe/. fJE/ fJe S'Nh ijh bx{ eEk FkfJd gkmeK
dh GbkJh eo ;e/.
fJe wjK g[oF B/ nkgD/ 2 ;/teK ~ fje' jh w}w{B
tkbh fJe fJe g[;se ns/ fJe fJe fumh G/ih. gfjb/
;/te B/ fumh ns/ g[;se dk nfXnB ehsk s/ ngD/ gqtko
~ T[jBK d/ d;/ j'J/ j[ewK s/ ubD dk o;sk df;nk ns/
;ko/ gqtko B/ G?V/ ew Sv e/ r[o{ ns/ nekb g[oy dh
B/Vsk gqkgs ehsh. d{;o/ u/b/ B/ Bk fumh gVh ns/ Bk
feskp T[; B/ xo dh ;'jDh nbwkoh d/ T[sb/ ykB/ ftu
feskp ns/ fumh br}oh t;soK ftu oy Svh ns/ ;kok
gqtko ;t/o/ Fkw T[; nr/ X{g X[yk e/ wE/ N/edk fojk.
e[M ;kbK pkd id'I wjK g[oFk dk T[jBK d/ xo nkT[Dk
j'fJnk sK d/fynk fe i' e/tb g{ik eod/ oj/ T[j TjBK
ezpb G[f;nk ftu jh ;B ns/ fiBK feskp ns/ fumh dk
nfXnB ehsk T[j ;funko f;y pD u[e/ ;B.
nkT[ r[o{ fgnkfoU n;h gfjb/ gqtko tkbk o;sk
ngBkJhJ/ s/ r[o{ dh B/Vsk gqkgs eohJ/ ykbh g{iB ;/tB
Bkb e/tb p[s gq;sh jh j't/rh nkswe soZeh Bjh j'
;edh.
G[b u[e bJh fywk.
dk;
e?gNB joGiB f;zx
byBT{
w'0 9455254935

f;woB s/ nfGnk;
i/eo e'Jh nkdwh s?oBk f;yDk ukj/ ns/ s?oB
;pzXh g[;seK gVBhnK ;[o{ eo d/t. ;?eV/ g[;sek gVe/
/
th T[; ~ s?oBk BjhI nkt/rk. gkDh edh fbjki BjhI
eo/rk ns/ nkgD/ ;[Gkn ~ edh Bjh pdb/rk. nro
nkdwh s?oBk f;yD tk;s/ s?oBk ikBD tkb/ nkdwhnK
gk; p?mdk oj/ T[jBk dh ;zrs eo/ sd th T[; ~ e/tb
fJsBk eoB Bkb jh s?oBk BjhI nkt/rk.
g[;seK gVB ns/ s?oke nkdwh dh ;zrs Bkbs?oB dk ;'e, s?oB dk ihn eo/, go s?oB dk j[Bo s/
n;b iku BjhI nk ;edh.
s?oB tk;s/ nfGnk; io{oh j? s?oB tk;s/ egV/

(7)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


bkj[B/ gkDh ftu bzw/ g?Dk fJe yk; sohe/ Bkb jE g?o
wkoB/ io{oh jB. gkDh d/ ;[Gkn ~ ;wMDk, gkDh ftu
b/N ikD dh fjZws ns/ gfjb/ eJh tkoh r's/ ykD/ io{oh
jB. i' ;y; fJj ;G e[S eo/ gkDh T[; d/ nXhB j'
iKdk j? nEkj j[[fz dnk j'fJnk th T[; ~ v'pdk BjhI ;rI'
nkgDh Sksh s/ y/vD fdzdk j?.
irs d/ Gt ;kro s' s?oB tk;s/ Gh fJ; ftu
s?oBk Bkw igDk, f;woB ewkJh nfGnk; io{oh j?.
;z ; ko Gt ;kro s' I s? o B tk;s/ e/ t b Xow
g[;seK gVBhnK ik ;zsk dh ;zrs eoBh, fpbe[b nZbr
uhiK jB, Gt-;kro s'I s?oBk BjhI f;Zyk ;ed/. e/tb
T[s;kj g?dk eo ;ed/ jB, r[D d; ;ed/ jB. s?oBk,
fJe j[Bo j? i' f;tkJ/ f;jBs w;e nfGnk; d/ edh
BjhI nk ;edk.
go id w?I d/ydk jK fe f;Zy e"w ftu Bkw igD
dk fotki fdB pfdB nb'g j' fojk j?. nieb nyzv
gkm dhnK bVhnK, Bro ehosB, ehosB dopko, ig
sg ;wkrw soj-soj d/ bzro, frDsh:k eoe/ gkm
eoB/ ftu f;Zy e"w pj[s i'o gk ojh j?.
nkfd s'I nzs se ;qh r[o{ rqE ;kfjp ftu Bkw igD
z
ik f;woB ewkJh T[s/ pVk i'o j? @@BkBe e/ xo e/tb
Bkw..
s/ok ehnk whmk bkr?. jfoBkw gdkoE BkBe
wKr/..
ng[B/ ;/te eh nkg/ oky? nkg/ Bkw[ igkt?..
;rb Xow wfj ;o/;N Xow, jfo e' Bkw[ ifg
fBowb eow[..
wB o/ Bkw igj[ ;[y j'fJ..
fvmk ;G ;z;ko ;[y[ Bk Bkw fpB..
jfo e/ Bkw fpBk M{m/ ;rb g;ko/..
ntfo eki s/o/ fes? B ekw.. fwb[ ;kX ;zrs Gi[
e/tb Bkw..
BkBe Bkw os/ ;/ XBtzs j?B fBoXB j'o ;z;ko..
GkJh o/ Grfs jhD[ ekj/ ifr nkfJnk..
BkBe eh p/Bzshnk efo feogk dhi? Bkw[..
Bkw fpBk ;G[ e{V rkbh j'Shnk..
epho jfo ek f;woB i' eo? ;' ;[yhnk ;z;ko..
fpB[ jfo GiB i/ s / ekw eohnfj s/ s / fpoyk
ikfo..
fpB[ Bkt? ;G e'Jh fBoXB[ ;fsr[o p{M p[MkJh..
wB w/o/ jfo ek Bkw[ nfs whmk..

-

nr;s 2013

jfo f;wos s/oh ikfJ pbkfJ..
;u[ g[okDk Bk Ehn? Bkw[ Bk w?bk j'fJ..
okw Bkw[ fpB[ fefB rs gkJh..
Bkw[ f;wfo fuzsk ;G ikfo..
;' n?;k jfo Bkw[ fgnkJhn? wB w/o/ i' ;GBk T[gfo
j[ew ubkJ/..
;' n?;k jfoBkw ighn? wB w/o/ i' nzfs nT[;o bJ/
SvkJ/..
;' n?;k jfo Bkw[ ighn? wB w/o/ i[ wB eh fsqFBk
;G G[y rtkJ/..
;' r[ow[y Bkw ifgnk tvGkrh fsB fBzde d[;N
;G g?oh gkJ/..
BkBe Bkw[ nokfX ;GBk s/ tvk ;G Bkt nr?
nkfD fBtkJ/..
f;woB nfGnk;, f;Zy bJh pj[s-pj[s io{oh j?.
io{oh j?..
;0 ;opihs f;zx,
bkigs Bro, byBT{

j/we[zv ;kfjp :ksok
(fijVh j' B ;eh)
fit fit s/ok j[ew, fst? jh j'tDk.
r[o{ tke nB{;ko gzikph ;[wB dk fJj gkme gfotko ;q0
ifszdo gkb f;zx nkgDh ;[gsBh ns/ p/N/ ;w/s fibk
cs/jg[o (:{0gh0) s'I j/we[zv ;kfjp d/ doFBK bZJh
15-06-2013 ~ jfod[ t ko gj[ z u / , T[ E ' I N? e ;h okjh
foFhe/ F gj[ z u / , foFhe/ F uz r h pkoF j' ojh ;h fJj
gfotko N?e;h okjh i'Fh wm j[zd/ j'J/ 15$16 i{B oks 2
ti/ r'fpzd xkN gjz[u/ go pkoF pj[s i'o dh ;h u'soc/
gkDh jh gkDh ;h ;' ;t/o/ 5 ti/ se N/e;h ftu jh p?m/
oj/. ;t/o/ gkDh e[M xfNnk sK r[od[nkok ;kfjp ik e/
doFB ehs/, T[E/ jh gsk brk fe b'j/ tkbk g[b N[N
frnk, Bkb jh ;oekoh s'o s/ ;{uBK th fdsh ik ojh ;h
fe j/we{v ;kfjp ikD tkbk b'j/ dk g[b tZr frnk, nZr/
z
B ikfJnk ikJ/. 16 i{B whIj w[;bkXko brksko ub fojk
;h. ;t/o/ 8 ti/ 16 i{B r'fpzd xkN p/;w?IN ns/ Ebth
wfizb gkBh GoB br frnk ;p T[gob/ ewkfonk ftu
ub/ rJ/. oks 1H30 ti/ r[od[nkok fojkfJ; (;oK) ykbh
eoB dh nghb ehsh rJh ns/ fjdkfJs ehsh rJh fe
gjkV s/ T[ g o tb ~ uV ikT[ . ifsz d o gkb f;z x
gfotko ;w/s e[M b'ek d/ fgS/ br gJ/, ;ko/ nBikB

(8)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


;B, oks d' ti/, pkoF j' ojh ;h o;s/ nBikB ns/ T[pV
ykpV 45-50 fwBN ubfdnK nukBe nr/ tkb/ b'eh Bio'I
T[jb/ j' rJ/, nr/ e'Jh Bio B nkt/, 5-7 fwzN pkd
Nkou dh o'FBh Bio nkJh, Nkou dh o'FBh Bkb e[M pzd/
fJ;kok eoB fe fJXo nkT[ nr/ fJe bzph dhtko ;h,
dhtko s/ uVB tk;s/ T[BK B/ fejk nzdo'I e[M vo th
wfjF{; j'fJnk go tkfjr[o dk BK b? e/ tkoh tkoh n;h
T[BK dh wdd Bkb dhtko s/ uV/ ns/ d{i/ gk;/ T[so/ sK
T[; gk;/ FVe ;h, pj[s ;kohnK ekoK N?e;hnK T[E/
yVhnk ;B. pko; ni/ th o[eh BjhI ;h pkeh oks n;hI
T[E/ jh ;Ve ezd/ fGrd/ j'J/ yV/ oj/ ns/ tkfjr[o{ nr/
nodk;K eod/ oj/, ;t/o/ dh o'FBh ftu nr/ j' e/ ;Ve
ezY/ nkgDh N?e;h Bioh g? rJh, go u'soc rvhnK ns/
;VeK dh jkbs ekoB N?e;h feXo/ ik BjhI ;edh ;h,
n;h 17, 18 d' fdB N?e;h ftu p?m/ oj/ feT[fe uko' soc
gkDh jh gkDh ;h 18 i{ B ~ fJe nkowh e? I g gj[ u /
nkJhHNhHphHghH d/ itkB d' gjkV gko eok e/ ;k~ i'Fhwm
gj[ukfJnk 19 i{B foFhe/F dk o;sk y[bk T[E' fJe N?e;h
okjh 8500$- s?n eoe/ fJj gfotko jfod[nko ns/ T[E'
21$22 byBT{ gj[funk ns/ 23 i{B ~ nkgD/ xo cs/jg[o
gjz[u.
/
fpB GkrK doFB B Ehn?.
i/HghH f;zx
cs/jg[o

gkfnZd c/kkbZ;k¡
vknj.kh; egksn;]
Jh ujsUæ flag eksaxk
lEiknd] ^îatkch lqeu** ekfld dk;kZy;]
215@295 d] lqHkk"k ekxZ
nqxkok¡] y[kuÅ
eksckby 9415561425
tufgr] 'kkS;Z] ohjrk] lkgl] f'k{kk] /keZ vkSj
laLd`fr dk çgjh ^îatkch lqeu** ekfld ds ebZ 2013
rFkk twu 2013 ds çsj.kknk;h vad çkIr gq,A egku
xq:vksa dh ohjrk] R;kx ,oa cfynku dks dHkh Hkqyk;k
ugha tk ldrkA iatkch Hkk"kk rFkk ekr` Hkk"kk fgUnh ds
fodkl ds fy, ;g ,d vuqdj.kh; ç;kl gSA ;s nksuksa
vad egku flD[k xq:vksa ds vkst] rst rFkk cfynku
ls vksrçksr gaSA bl dìk ds fy, ge vkids cgqr

nr;s 2013

vkHkkjh gSaA i=dkfjrk ds ek/;e ls vkidh lEikndh;
Vhe dM+h esgur] Kku rFkk cqf)eÙkk ls lekt dh gj
,d leL;k dk lek/kku cM+s gh lkFkZd :i ls çLrqr
dj jgh gSA lEikndh; Vhe ds çR;sd lnL; dks esjh
vksj ls gkfnZd c/kkbZ;k¡ nhft,xkA
gekjk ekuuk gS fd euq"; dks ckY;koLFkk ls
gh ,slh f'k{kk nh tkuh pkfg, ftlls fd og l'kä
lekt ds fuekZ.k o fodkl esa viuk ;ksxnku dj
ldsaA dsoy ifo= ekuo lsok vFkkZr yksd dY;k.k dh
Hkkouk ls tks dk;Z fd;k tkrk gSa mlls gh O;fä]
ifjokj ,oa lekt dk fodkl gksrk gS u fd fdlh Hkh
vU; rjhds ls vkSj ;gh ekuo thou dh okLrfodrk
rFkk lkFkZdrk Hkh gSA orZeku esa lkjk fo'o N% egk}hiksa
:ih N% dejksa ds ?kj dh rjg fleVrk tk jgk gSA
olq/kk dks dqVqEc cukus dh dYiuk lkdkj gksus tk jgh
gSA vk/kqfud lapkj ek/;eksa us fo'o dh gtkjksa fdyks
ehVj dh nwfj;ksa dks [kRe dj fn;k gSA ekuo tkfr dks
bl rhoz lapkj ek/;eksa dk 'kh?kzrk ds lkFk olq/kk dks
dqVqEc cukus ds fy, lnqi;ksx djuk pkfg,A
lEeku lfgr]
Hkonh;
MkW- txnh'k xk¡/kh
laLFkkid&çcU/kd
flVh eksUVsljh Ldwy] y[kuÅ

(9)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

Fjhd uzdo F/yo nkikd dk iBw fdjkVk ;q h r[ o { jor' f tz d ;kfjp ih
dk gqekF T[s;t
fwsh 5 i[bkJh, S/th gksFkjh pzdh S'V, whoh ghoh
d/ wkbe ;qh r[o{ jor'ftzd ;kfjp ih dk gqekF T[s;t
byBT{ d/ Bkek fjzvbk, njhnkrzi, nkbwpkr nkd eJh
'
r[od[nkfonk ftu pVh X{wXkw ns/ FoXk Bkb wBkfJnk
frnk fi; ftu T[Zu e'Nh d/ okrh f;zxk ns/ gqukoeK B/
r[okpDh ehosB ns/ r[owfs ftukoK Bkb ;zrsk ~
fBjkb ehsk.
byBT{, fwsh 25 i[bkJh, wjk Bro ekb'Bh d/
uzdo F/yo nk}kd gkoe ftu Fjhd uzdo F/yo nkikd
dk iBw fdjkVk wBkfJnk frnk fi; ftu Gkigk B/sk
;qh eboki fwFok, byBT{ d/ w/no vk0 fdB/F Fowk,
gdw ;qh ;BwkBs vk0 n?;0 ;h0 okfJ nkd gstzs/ ;ZiBk
d/ Bkb-Bkb gzikph ;[wB tZb'I ;0 ;toB f;zx B/ th
fFoes ehsh ns/ Fjhd dh w{osh ~ wkbk nogs ehsh.

bz v B ªu Gkosh gq ' c ? ; o
;[ o ihs jz ; dk ;BwkB

bz v B, 22 i[ b kJh
Gkosh gq ' c ? ; o ;[ o ihs jz ;
(82) fiBQk_ B/ F?e;ghno d/
BkNek_ dk gzikph ªu so}wk
ehsk j?, B{z Jhfbzr d/ w/no d/
dcso ªu 18th_ ;dh d/ pkov
nkc J/ t B d/ e/ ;BwkfBs
ehsk frnk. Jhfbzr d/ w/no ewbihs f;zx Yh_v;k ns/
Jhfbzr e";b dh b/po gkoNh d/ fvgNh B/sk oDihs Xho
_
B/ ;[oihs jz; B{z F?e;ghno d/ 38 BkNek_ dk so}wk
eoB ;w/s j'o ehs/ ezwk_ pdb/ ;BwkfBs ehsk. jz; fiBQk_
B/ r[o{ BkBe d/t :{Bhtof;Nh nzfwqs;o s'_ fJfsjk; ªu
gVQkJh ehsh, B/ fejk fe j[D T[j ukob; vkoftB d/ ªfd
Uohf}B nkc ;gh;ª dk gzikph ªu so}wk eo oj/ jB.
phsh oks j'J/ fJ; ;BwkB ;wko'j ªu n?wH ghH tfozdo
Fowk, ftXkfJe T[eko ;j'sk, joh f;zx s/ j'o pj[s ;ko/
_
e"_;bo jk}o ;B.

dFw/F gpfbe ;e{b nkbwpkr dh
;EkgBk dh S/thI to/ rzvQ wBkJh rJh
fwsh 5 i[bkJh, S/th to/rvQ s/ ;wko'j j'fJnk fi;
z
ftu pfunK ns/ NhuoK d/ ;fGnkuko g'qrokw wro'I
fgq;hzgb ns/ NhuoK ~ ;BwkBs ehsk frnk ns/ ;e{b
gqsh tvwZ[b/Q :'rdkB bJh, ;0 T[ikro f;zx, ;0 ;zdhg
f;zx nkBzd ns/ ;0 i'frzdo f;zx gqXkB r[0 nkbwpkr
dk XzBtkd ehsk frnk.

i?s{ pfunK dk ;BwkB ns/
okjs ;kwrqh G/ih rJh
byBT{ fwsh 7 i[bkJh, e/0 n?B0 n?;0 r[owfs
;zrhs ne?vwh d[nkok ehs/ rJ/ ehosB w[ekpb/ d/
i/s{ pfunK ~ r[od[nkok nkbwpkr tZbI' th Brd fJBkw
d/ e/ ;BwkBs ehsk frnk. fJ; w"e/ s/ i?s{ pfuZnK B/ th
ehosB eo e/ ngB/ j[Bo ~ gqdofFs eoe/ ;zrsK dk
wB w'j fbnk.
fJZ;/ fdB r[0 ;do, r[0 nkFhnkBk, r[0 uzdo
Bro, r[0 njhnkrzi ns/ r[0 nkBwpkr tZbI' ;o:{ Bdh
feBko/ nkJh pkV s'I gqGkts fgzvQk bJh okjs ;kwrqh
c/ikpkd fib/ tk;s/ r[0 ;do d/ gqXkB ;0 ntsko f;zx
SkpVk ns/ r[0 nkbwpkr ;0 i'frzdo f;zx dh w'i{drh
ftu otkBk ehsh rJh.

r[owfs ;zrhs ne?vwh dh ;EkgBk
e/0 n?B0 n?; r[owfs ;zrhs ne?vwh d/ ;z;Ekge
;0 jofwzdo f;zx fwzdh nB[;ko r[owfs ns/ r[opkDh

(10)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

;zrhs dhnK ebk;K dh nozGsk fwsh 4 nr;s 2013 s'I feFB f;zx pXtko ns/ ;0 ;opihs f;zx tXkJh d/
r[od[nkok nkbwpkr ns/ r[od[nkok Bkek fjzv'bk fty/ gkso jB.
j't/rh.

pkbk gqhsw ;qh r[o{ jfofeqFB
;kfjp ih dk gqekF T[s;t

GkJh sko{ f;zx ih dh Fjhdh s/
nkXkos n?Bhw/FB fcbw dk gqdoFB
fwsh 16 i[ b kJh 2013, byBT{ d/ nkFhnkBk
r[od[nkok fty/ Fjhd GkJh sko{ f;zx ih dh Fjhdh ;zpXh
z
n?Bhw/FB fcbw ;zrsK ftueko gqdoFs ehsh rJh.
fJj Fbkxk:'r T[gokbk f;Zy n?i{e/FB n?Iv t/bc/no
ckT[Iv/FB tb'I ehsk frnk.

phph e'bK GbkJh e/Ido dk ;wkrw
fwsh 19, 20 ns/ 21 i[bkJh, byBT{ ~ njhnkrzi,
uzdo Bro, Bkek fjzvbk ns/ fJzdok Bro, r[od[nkfonK
'
fty/ ;zrsK B/ ;qh r[o{ jofeqFB ;kfjp ih d/ gqekF
T[s;t ~ ;wogs ;wkrw dk o; wkfBnk. fi; ftZu
phph e'bK GbkJh e/do ;qh nfwqs;o ;kfjp s'I nkJ/ GkJh
I
nwBdhg f;zx ns/ GkJh r[ogqhs f;zx B/ o;fGZB/ ehosB
d[nkok ;zrsK ~ fBjkb ehsk. ;wkrw d/ nk:'ie ;0

byBT{ fwsh 23 i[bkJh, r[od[nkok Bkek fjzvbk,
nkbwpkr ns/ njhnkrzi nkd eJh r[od[nkfonK ftu
pkbk gqhsw r[o{ ;kfjp dk gqekF T[s;t wBkfJnk frnk.
fJfsjk;e r[od[nkok njhnkrzi fty/ byBT{ dh okrh
rqzEh e"I;b tZb'I ehs/ rJ/ r[owfs ;/X ns/ ehosB d/
gq'rokw ftu okrh f;zx GkJh tho f;zx, GkJh fBot?o
f;zx, GkJh uoB f;zx nkd d/ gVQ/ rJ/ Fpdk dh BkbBkb jh frnkBh byftzdo f;zx ns/ frnkBh irihs
f;zx ikue d[nkok ehsh rJh ftnkfynk pj[s jh Fbkxk
g{oB ns/ gqGkT[Fkbh ;h. ;0 jofwzdo f;zx fwzdh dh
pZuh JhFk e"o B/ nkgDh fwZmh nktki Bkb pzr e/ pzrkbh
HHHH Fpd gVQ e/ ;zrsK ~ i?eko/ SvkT[D bJh gq/oZs eo
fdZsk. r[o{ wjkoki pZuh d/ f;o s/ fJ;h soK nkgDk jE
;dk jh pBkJh oZyD.

:{ 0 gh0 okwrVhnK t/ b c/ n o n? ; ' F hJ/ F B tZ b ' I gstz s / ;Z i Dk dk ;BwkB
byBT{ , fwsh
14 i[bkJh, n?;;hn?FB
'
d/ iBob ;eZso ;0
e[ b dhg f;z x M; d/
nB[ ; ko ;0 i;tz s
f;zx wkotkj dh
gqXkBrh
ftu
n? ; ' ; hn? F B dh fJe
ftF/ F p? m e gkto
itk:B j/ b E ebZ p
nkBzd Bro fty/ j'Jh fi; ftu okwrVhnK ;wki d/
f;ow'o ns/ gzE d/ wjkB iZE/dko ;odko iZ;k f;zx
okwrVhnk d/ 19 wJh 2013 ~ r[od[nkok uzdo Bro
fty/ wBkJ/ rJ/ iBw fdjkV/ d/ ftFkb ;wkrw ftu sB
wB XB Bkb Gog{o ;/tk eoD tkb/ gstzs/ ;ZiDk ;0
wkB f;z x gB/ ; o gq X kB r[ o d[ n kok bkbe{ n K, ;0
pbd/t f;zx ;Zpotkb gqXkB okwrVhnk fpokdoh, ;0
pbftzdo f;zx f;nkB, ;0 doFB f;zx f;nkB, ;0 nwo
f;zx pkokpzeh, ;0 wBihs f;zx pktk, ;0 G[fgzdo f;x

gh0Nh0nkJh, ;0 osBihs f;zx G[Jh ns/ ;0 Gkr f;zx
;'yh ~ ;BwkBs ehsk frnk.
whfNzr ftZu n?;FhJ/;B d/ ;ko/ T[jd/dko th w?id
'
{
;B.fJ; w'e/ s/ :{0gh0 d/ ;kpek w[Zy ;zsoh ;qh BokfJD
dZs fstkoh th whfNzr ftu jkio j'J/ ns/ n?;';hn?FB
d/ B'itkB w?poK ~ ;wki dh GbkJh d/ ekoiK bJh wkor
I
doFe ;bkj ns/ jo gqeko dh wdd dk nkFtk;B
fdZsk. whfNzr wroI' ukj gkDh dh ;/tk Bkb fjZ;k b?D
tkfbnK ~ fBtkfink frnk.

(11)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

r[o{ BkBe d/t ih dh nop d/F dh :ksok dk fposKs-1
ftu fbyh noph feskp w{b ;z;woD ;zs ;?:d fgqEgkb f;zx dh e[okB th fJ; dh fJiKis BjhI
stkoh] nop d/ fbykoh yPtkik, eqfs d/ ;0 ez[togkb f;zx feqs nzrq/ih d/Idh fe e/;K dh p/ndph ehsh
i?BT[b npdhB B/ r[o{ BkBe d/ T[bE/ s'I gzikph T[bEk - ;0 joGiB f;zx ikJ/. o[eB-dhB j?okB j'fJnk
Z
Z
t ih dk nop :ksok d/ fposKs
ns/ g[ f Snk fe eh T[ j e/ t b
dk toBD## gqEw g[oF ftu ehsk j?.
e[okB e[okB gVdk j?, ;wMdk BjhI ns/ fpB/ ehsh fe
nkgDh noph dh g[;se ftu T[j fbydk j? r[o{ ih fJ; pko/ j'o o'FBh gkD. sK r[o{ ih B/ fejk
fe w?I r[o{ BkBe d/ Bkb ;h id'I T[j (r[o{ ih) ek}h fe T[j nk:s 195 d/ d' gfjfonK tb fXnkB d/t/ fiE/
o[eBT[dhB B/ nkgDk ;bkw g/F ehsk fi; dk r[o{ ih ;kc df;nk frnk j? fe i' pzd/ j} eoB iKd/ jB ns/
B/ fJ;soK T[ s Z o fdsk @@;fs ;q h nekb, r[ o po nfXnkswe ihtB r[ikoBk uKT[d/ jB T[BK tk;s/ e/
nekb## (wsbp - nbkj tkfjr[o{ ;dk ekfJw ofjD ; eNB/ wBQk jB.
tkbk fJe ;Zu j? i' ;op FeshwkB j? ns/ ekb$;w/
fJ; w;b/ (fpzd{) s/ fe eh y[dk ekpk fty/
I dh pzdF s'I nk}kd j?.
fBtk; eodk j? fe BjhI - sK r[o{ ih B/ ;wMkfJnk fe
fco o[ e B T[ d hB B/ g[ f Snk @@ckbk nbk @@nkg dh e[okB th fJ; rb ~ yzvB eodh j? fe ekpk
wj}p{## (noph ftu) wsbp - s[jkvk wj}p fejVk y{dk dk xo j?. y[dk B/ wj[wd ~ w[ykfsp ehsk ns/
Z
j?## r[o{ ih dk itkp ;h @@npd[bk nbkj Bk wj}p{## fejk @@BykB neoE tk nb/ fwB jkp[b tohd##
wsbp @@w/ok e'Jh wj}p BjhI w?I sK e/tb gowkswk (noph) wsbp - w? sK fJB;kB dh rb/ dh BkVh Bkb'I
dk ;/te jK##.
th finkdk T[; d/ B/V/ jK## fJj ;[D e/ ;ko/ ;[BD
fJ; soK ;kok fdB ;tkbK-itkpK ftu pshs tkbh ;zrs g[eko T[mh wojpk bkpKe.. }}e jw
j' frnk, fJ; soK d/ e[b 360 gqFB ;B fi; d/ r[o{ nbkj skbk wsbp - tkj tkj n;h s[jkv/ nr/ f;o
ih B/ g{o/ s;bh p]F itkp fds/.
M[eKd/ jK. tkfjr[o{ nkg ~ B/eh ns/ ofjws pyF/.##
fJ;bkw Xow ftu ;z r hs ns/ rkfJD s/
T[; s'I T[goKs eJh fdB r[o{ ih dh o'}kBk
gkpzdh pko/ r[o{ ih B/ ;wMkT[fI dnK df;nk fe @@jdh; ehosB dh ;zrs ubdh ojh ns/ gksFkj T[gd/F th
ftu fbfynk j? fe fJe tkoh s[jkv/ j}os w[jwZd d/d/ oj/. ehosB ns/ r[o{ ih d/ o{jkBh thukoK ;dek,
I
;kfjp, e[oF ephb/ d/ fJe ftnkj s/ rJ/ fiE/ n'osK T[j b'e i' gqwkswk ns/ ;Zu d/ wstkb/ ;B, ;zrs ftu
/
b'e rhs rk ojhnK ;B. T[BQK id w[jwZd ;kfjp ~ nkT[B/ F[o{ j' rJ/. b'eh ngD/ tb'I, d[X, yi{oK ns/
d/fynk sK b'e rhs pzd eo fdsk ns/ Xkowe Fpd Ffjd nkfd ngDhnk G/NK r[o{ ih nZr/ nogD eod/
rkT[D/ F[o{ eo fds/ sK w[jwd ;kfjp B/ T[BKQ ~ fejk i' jk}ohB ;zrs ftu tzv fdshnK ikdhnK ;B.
fe T[j T[;/ soK b'e-rhs jh rkT[D gowkswk T[BK
fJe fdB jk}o ;zrs B/ r[o{ gksFkj nr/
s/ feogk eo/rk.
fpB/ ehsh fe ;k~ wkor doFB eo' fe fe; soK ;kvh
r[o{ ih d/ w[y s'I fJj ;[D e/ o[eB-T[dhB pj{s w[esh j' ;edh j?, ns/ fe; soK ;kvh GNeBk FKs j'
j?okB s/ bkitkp j'fJnk ns/ p'b fgnk L;edh j?. stkohy/ - nop d/ fbykoh i?BT[b npdhB
@@:k oph Ekj{ ch-nb ekp{ b T[ b op## dk efjDk j? fe T[es gqFBk d/ T[so ftu r[o{ BkBe
(noph) fi; dk wsbp j? - T[; op B/ fwjo eoe/ ih B/ fJj Fpd T[ukfonk i' ;qh r[o{ rqE ;kfjp d/ gZBk
z
nkg ih ~ w/o/ gk; G/fink j?, fwjo eo', w?~ Fesh 721 s/ j/ ns/ fsbzr okr ftu j?.
pyF' fe w?I nkg ~ gfjukB ;eK.##
Fpd L
o[ e B T[ d hB B/ fco pfj; F[ o { ehsh fe noi r[csw g/F s'I do r'; e[B eosko..
fJ;bkw Xow ftu e/;K ~ eNB dh nkfrnk j? go r[o{
jek epho eohw s{z p/n?p gotdrko..
ih ;kps ;{os e/; oyd/ jB. fJ; s/ r[o{ ih B/ Gkt L
;wMkfJnk fe fJj rb mhe BjhI j? - pbfe s[jkvh j/ eosko ih, j/ tkfjr[o{ ih, w?I nkg ih gk; fJe
(12)

nr;s 2013
gzikph ;[wB wkf;e
p/Bsh eo fojk jK, nodk; eo fojk jK, nkg ih ezB Fpd L
bk e/ ;[D' ih s{ ;Zuk j?, tZvk j?, fdnkb{ j? feqgkb{ j?, ;p o'i r;sw do jtk eo d/w pdh fynkb.
rkj? B B/eh eko eodw ww JhI fuBh njtkb..
fe;/ th B[e; s'I ofjs ns/ gkbBjko j?.
Gkt LFpd L
fdB oks w?I bkbu ftu fcodk fojk s/ p[fonkJh jh
d[Bhnk w[ekw/ kBh sfjehe fdb dkBh..
;'udk fojk, ed/ B/eh dk ew Bk ehsk. w/ok fJj' fijk
ww ;o w{ f J niokJhb frocsj
jkb fojk j?.
fdb j/ u Bk dkBh.. (1).. ojkT[ . .
Fpd LGkt Lpdp]s jwu[ pyhb rkcb p/ B }o p/ p ke.
fJj d[Bhnk BkF tkB EK j?, fJj rb fdb ftu ;u BkBe p[r':d iB[ s[ok s/o/ ukeoK gkyke..
eo e/ ikD'. w/o/ f;o d/ tkb w's d/ cfoFs/ niokJhb Gkt LB/ cV/ j'J/ jB, j/ wB sz{ e[M BjhI ;wMdk <
pdfe;w, Bkb/ u[rby'o, G[bBjko, fBbi ns/ fBvo
Fpd LjK. BkBe ih efj oj/ jB - j/ w/o/ wkbek w?I s/ok dk;
iB fg;o fgdo fpokdoK B/; d;szrho..
jK, s/o/ ukeoK dh th uoB X{V jK.
nkfyo fpncsw e; B dkod u{z ;td sepho..
nkfyo T[j ;wK nk frnk id'I BkBe Fkj
Gkt Lceho B/ T[E'I ukb/ gkD/ ;B - ;zrs B/ T[Bk d/ nk]oh
fJ;sqh g[so, fgsk, GkJh e'Jh th ;jkJh BjhI j?. nkfyo T[gd/F bJh fpB/ ehsh, sK BkBe ih B/ c[owkfJnk,
id w?I fvr fgnk sK e'Jh th puk BjhI ;edk id'I w"s @@T[; y[dktzd gotofdrko dh :kd ;dk s[jkv/ wB
dk t/bk nk iKdk j?. (sepho - iBk}/, dcB eoB t/ ftu t;/ ns/ nkg T[; gqG{ ~ f;wod/ oj', r[o{ xo ftu
s[jkvh Grsh gotkB j'Jh.
(HHHHHHHHHHHubdk )
b/ dh fBwk})

eh fJzNoB?N :[Zr gzikph bJh ;jkJh j't/rk<
id th fJz N oB? N dh rZ b ubdh j? sk_ ;G s' _
gfjbk fJ; dh p[okJh pko/ jh p'fbnk ik_dk j? Gkt/_ fJ;
rZb s'_ fJBeko th Bjh ehsk ik ;edk. go jo uhi i'
ckfJd/ bJh pDkJh ikdh j? T[; dh d[otos'_ eoBk_ e'Jh
Bth_ rZb ik_ Btk_ toskok Bjh. fJj tos'_ eoB tkb/ dh
;' u Ugo fBoGo eodk j? . go ;kvk nZ i dk w[ Z d k
fJzNoB?N d/ ckfJd/ B[e;kB dh Ek_ gzikph p[bh fJ; dk
ckfJdk fet/ T[mk ;edh j?, fJ; pko/ j?.
fJzNoB?N dh nkwd Bkb d{o d[okv/ p?m/ b'e fJ;
B/ fJt/ fJeZm/ eo fdZs/ fit/_ n;h_ fJZe fgzv dh ;ZE ªu p?m/
rZbk eod/ j'JhJ/. go fJt/ th wfj;{; jzdk j? fit/ gzikph
p'bh ik fJ; B{z tosD p'bD tkb/ fJ; dk ckfJdk ;G
s'_ xZN T[mk oj/ j'D. gzikph b/ye ik gkme ni/ th
ekri ebw dh tos'_ jh finkdk eot/ Bio nkUd/ jB
jd fe gzikph gq/whnk_ B/ fJ; B{z jo gZy s'_ ezfgT{No s/
tos' :'r pDkT[D bJh jZv GzBth fwjBs ehsh j? ns/
T[; ftZu ;cb ft j'J/.
i/ gZSwh ik_ j'o fte;s ik_ xZN fte;s ;wki d/

vkH wBihs GrtkBg[o
b'ek tZb Mks wkohJ/ sk n;h_ T[jBk_ d/ B/V-s/V/ th Bjh_.
/
;kv/ b'e sk fJ; pko/ ikDd/ th Bjh fe fJzNoB?N ns/
ezfgT{No dh tos' Bkb n;h_ gzikph nkw ekr} ebw
tkr jh fby- gVQ ;ed/ jk ns/ fJzNoB?N dh tos' Bkb
f;oc fJZe efbZe Bkb nkgD/ ftuko ;z;ko d/ e'B/ e'B/
sZe gj[zuk ;ed/ jk.
i/ Bth_ ghVh dk toskok d/yhJ/ sk_ c/;p[e NftNo
d/ Gow ikb sZe jh ;hws jB. T[;ko{ ftukoXkok FkfJd
E'V/ fijh Bth_ ghVQh d/ fjZ;/ jh nk ojh j?. eh Bekoksfwe
ftukoXkok ns/ ci{b dh tos'_ fit/ fe u?fNzr, p/wsbt
dh pfj;tkih, Xkofwe ikshtkdh ik_ f;nk;h Bcos Bkb
Go/ e[fwzN; (c/;p[e ik_ :{fNT{p s/ d/y ;es/ jk_) tr?ok,
eh gzikph Gk;k ns/ ;kv/ gzikph ;wki bJh B[e;kBdkfJe
f;ZX j't/rk ik f;oc ;w/_ dh pokpdh j?<
w/o/ ftuko nB[;ko n;h_ ;G i' th eo ;ed/ jk_
T[j f;oc ikros ik_ gq/oBk ;o's pD e/ ;[uZi/ gk;/ gq/o
;ed/ jk s/ nkUD tkbh fviNb J/} ftZu pokpo d/ j'
e/ ftuohJ/.

(13)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

Gkos dh n}kdh bJh f;ZyK dhnK e[opkBhnK
d/F dh n}kdh dk e/Jh th cozN n?;k BjhI fi;
d/ jo wjk} #s/ f;Zy e"w B/ tX-uVQ e/ fjZ;k Bk gkfJnk
j't. Gkt/I f;Zy e"w dh npkdh T[; ;w/I 1H5 ch;dh d/
/
eohp ;h sK th n}kdh bJh ehshnK e[opkBhnK ftu
fJ; dk fjZ;k 90 ch;dh s'I T[Zgo j?. ;qh r[o{ BkBe
d/t ih d/ nkrwB s'I gfjbK bzph |[bkwh B/ fJ;
d/F dh phosk, nDy s/ |?os ~ g?oK EZb/ o'b fdZsk ;h.
n;b ftu 1521 JhH ftu ;qh r[o{ BkBe d/t
ih B/ tes d/ who pkpo ~ ikpo nkfynk L
y[ok;kB y;wkBk ehnk fjzd[;skB[ vokfJnk..
nkg? d';[ B d'Jh eosk iw[ efo w[rb[ uVkfJnk..
(gzBk 360)
;qh r[o{ BkBe d/t ih B/ }[bw d/ fto[X ntk}
Z
T[mkJh. fJ; bJh ;qh r[o{ BkBe d/t ih ~ pkpo dhnK
uZehnK th gh;DhnK gJhnK. d/Ftk;hnK ~ ;[ssosk
z
dk nfj;k; fdtkfJnk. ;wki ftu fJ;sohnK ~ :'r
;EkB bJh s/ iks-gks, T{u-Bhu fto[X nktk} p[bd
Z
z
ehsh. BfFnK dh o' e Ekw s/ ;opZ s d/ Gb/ bJh
T[gd/F fdZsk. ;qh r[o{ BkBe d/t ih B/ ;[szsosk
;?BkBhnK dh fJe e"w dh BhIj oZyh ns/ d/F-tk;hnK
d/ ;hB/ ftu n}kdh d/ i}p/ dh i's irkJh. nkg s'I
fgZSI' r[o{ ;kfjpkB B/ fJ; i's ~ irdk oZyD dk phVk
u[Zfenk. fJ; bJh ;G s'I gfjbK ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t
ih B/ fJ; d/F dh ;[ssosk dh t/dh T[s/ nkgDh Fjhdh
z
Z
fdZsh. T[BQK s'I pknd ;qh r[o{ s/r pjkdo ;kfjp ih
B/ (eFwhoh gzvsK dh g[eko s/) Fjhdh fdZsh. T[BKQ d/
Bkb r[of;Zy GkJh wsh dk; ih, GkJh ;sh dk; ih ns/
GkJh fdnkbk ih ~ th T[;/ ;w/I Fjhd ehsk frnk.
;qh r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih d/ uko ;kfjp}kfdnK
ns/ p/ns f;ZyK B/ ;[ssosk dh gqkgsh bJh d/F-Xow
z
z
bJh nkgDhnK ikBK e[opkB ehshnK. f;ZyK ~ d/F
Grsh dk i}pk iBw s'I, fto;/ ftu jh fwfbnk j?.
fJj' ekoB j?. fJj' ekoB j? fe d/F dh ;[ssosk dk
z
e'Jh nfijk nzd'bB Bjh_ fi; ftu fJBQk_ B/ nZr/ j' e/

;0 r[odhg f;zx
e[opkBh Bk fdZsh j't. ªrb?;r' j?okbvª ebeZsk fwsh
/
3-11-1825 nB[;ko, ª1824 Jh;th d/ powk :[X ftu
Z
f;Zy ;?fBek_ dh ezgBh 47 B/fNt fJBc?Noh ftu ftdo'j
_
GVekT[D d/ d'F bk e/ fo;kbdko ;[o f;zx, iksk
f;zx, pbkek f;zx s/ fJe pzrkbh fwH dk; B{z ck_;h
uVQkfJnk frnk. fJ; ftdo'j ftu 880 c"ih wko/ rJ/
ik_ ck_;h uVQkJ/ rJ/.ª
i[bkJh 1824 ftu o[Veh d/ B/V/ nzro/}k_ ftoZX
[
p|kts ftu r'ok s/ r'oyk c"ik_ Bkb bVd/ j'J/ 200
d/F Grs Fjhd j'J/ fiBQk_ ftu 88 f;Zy ;B.
14 nes{po, 1825 B{z rkoB/vhno ezgBh fi;
B/ n;kwh Goktk_ dh n}kdh B{z ]sw eoB s'_ fJBeko
eo fdZsk. fJ; ftdo'j ftu 400 d/ eohp f;Zy Fjhd
j'J/.
1849 ftu f;Zyk_ B/ nzro/}k_ Bkb Gkos dh
n}kdh dh nk]oh izr bVh. fJ; fgZS'_ f;Zyk_ dh jko
ekoB ;zg{oB Gkos nzro/}h oki ftu fwbk fdZsk
frnk.
1869 ftu pkpk okw f;zx B/ Fk_swJh nzd'bB
F[o{ ehsk ;h. 1871 ftu rT{-jZfsnk nzd'bB ftu
EkT[-EkJh_ p[uVk_ B{z tZY fdZsk frnk. ;qh dopko ;kfjp,
_
Z
;q h nz f wq s ;o d/ gq t / F d[ n ko d/ Bkb eoe/ fJe
p[ZuVykBk y'fbQnk frnk ;h fi; Bkb ;qh dopko
;kfjp s/ nzfwqs- ;o'to dh gftZsosk Gzr j[zdh ;h.
oks'-oks e;kJhnk_ B{z eZN-tZY ;[fZ Nnk s/ pZuVykBk Ykj
[
e/ Ek_ gZXok ehsk frnk.
fwbNoh ftu f;Zy-;?fBek_ B/ ;kwokihnk_ fto[X
Z
p|kts c?bkT[D dk :sB ehsk s/ 1872 Jh;th ftu
f;Zyk_ B/ n;bk]kB/ ªs/ ep}k eoB dk ?;bk ehsk.
fJ; :sB ftu e'stkb s/ 7 c"ih wko/ rJ/ go b[fXnkD/
d/ vhH;hH B/ c"ih ;jkfJsk s/ fonk;sk_ dh ;jkfJsk
Bkb fJ; db B{z frqsko eo fbnk.
1907 Jh;th ftu ;H nihs f;zx (Fjhd Grs
f;zx d/ ukuk ih) B/ ªgrVh ;zGkb iZNkª dk Bkjok

(14)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


brk e/ nzro/} ;oeko B{z fJe y[bkQ u?bi fdZsk. fJ;
Z
z
;kb jh e?B/vk ftu ªpZpo nekbh bfjoª s/ e?b/
c'oBhnk ftu ªrdo gkoNhª ;zrmB F[o{ ehs/ rJ/.
1913 Jh;th ftu pkpk ;'jD f;zx ih GeBk
B/ ªrdo gkoNhª dh Bh_j oZyh.
1914 JhH ftu pkpk r[ofdZs f;zx ih B/ 376
:kso{nk_ (fiBQk_ ftu 355 f;Zy ;B) ekwkrkNkwko{ ijk}
ftu god/; ftu tZ;d/ d/F-Grs Gkoshnk_ B{z b? e/
Gkos nkJ/ sk_ ;kwoki B/ 29 d;zpo, 1914 B{z gzikj
f;Zy Fjhd eo fdZs/ s/ pkeh pzdh pDk bJ/. fJ; dh
]po id pd/Fk_ ftu g[ih sk_ o'; GVe fgnk s/ wBhbk,
Z
fFzxkJh, igkB, nwohek nkfd ftu tZ;d/ 170 f;Zyk_
dk iEk 24 nes{po, 1914 B{z Gkos g[Zik sk_ ;G B{z
frqsko eo e/ fwzNr[woh i/bQ ftu pzd eo fdZsk
frnk.
1915 JhH ftu ;H eosko f;zx ;okGk B/ Gkosh
c"ihnk_ B{z d/F dh ;tkXhBsk d/ }ip/ ftu T[sFkj
d/D dk gq'rokw pDkfJnk go ;b Bk j'D eoe/ 14
Btzpo, 1917 B{z 12 f;Zy ;kEhnk_ ;w/s ck_;h d/ s]s/
ªs/ bNek fdZsk. T[BQk_ d/ 15 ;kEhnk_ B{z pknd ftu
ndkbs B/ w"s dhnk_ ;}ktk_ fdZshnk_.
ngqb 1919 B{z ft;kyh tkb/ fdB nzfwqs;o fty/
?
ifbQnk_tkb/ pkr dk y{Bh ek_v j'fJnk fi; ftu Fjhd
j'D tkb/ 1300 d/F-Grsk_ ftu 769 f;Zy ;{opho ;B.
1922 JhH ftu pZpo nekbh bfjo dk w[Y pzB,Q
Z
pZpok_ B/ ;kwoki dh geV B{z ekh B[e;kB gj[ukfJnk.
z
r[od[nkok bfjo (1921 s'_ 1924 Jh;th)
n;b ftu d/F d/ ;[ssosk nzdbB dk nkozG ;h fi;
z
'
B{z d/F d/ e"wh nkr{nk_ B/ ;theko ehsk j?. fJ; pkps
T[BQk_ d/ ftuko fJ; soQk_ jBL
¿w?_ gqDkw eodk jk_ nekbhnk_ B{z fiBQk_ d/F dh
n}kdh bJh x'b nozfGnk j? ns/ n}kdh bJh bV oj/
jB.¿ (gzvs w'sh bkb Bfjo{)
¿r[o{ e/ pkr ftZu'_ jh d/F dh ;[szsosk dh
bfjo T[mh j?, j[D fJ; B/ jh d/F B{z n}kd eotkT[Dk
Z
j?.¿ (gzvs wdB w'jB wkbthnk)
¿n}kdh jo fJe dk jZe j?. n;h_ eg[so jk_
Z

nr;s 2013

go nekbh ;g[Zso jB fijV/ fe fJ; jZe bJh bV
oj/ jB.¿ (bkbk bkigs okJ/)
¿f;Zy thok_ B/ ;kB{z d/F-;[ssosk dh gqkgsh dh
z
iku f;yk fdZsh j?. j[D d[Bhnk_ dh e'Jh th skes ;kB{z
pj[s d/o se r[bkw Bjh_ oZy ;edh.¿ (dkdk GkJh
Bko'ih)
r[o{ e/ pkr w'ou/ fgZS'_ Fqh ;hHn?cH n?_vfoT{}
fbydk j? L
¿;qh r[o{ BkBe d/ f;Zyk_ B/ d[Bhnk_ B{z nfjz;k
dk fJe Btk_ ;pe f;ykfJnk j?.¿
gzvs wdB w'jB wkbthnk sk_ f;Zyk_ dh eEBh
s/ eoBh s'_ fJsBk gqGkfts j'fJnk ;h fe T[; B/ fjzdnk_
{
B{z fJ; rZb bJh gqf/ onk fe i/ pd/Fh je{ws dh |[bkwh
s'_ w[es j'Dk ukj[zd/ j' sk_ fco jo fjzd{ xo B{z xZN'xZN nkgDk fJe g[Zso f;zx ;ikT[Dk ukjhdk j?.
r[od[nkok ;qh soBskoB ;kfjp d/ gfjb/
Fjhd ;H j}kok f;zx dh tho rkEk ;[D e/ rk_Xh ih
B/ r[od[nkok n}kd j'D ªs/ nekbh db B{z sko fdZshL
¿w?Bz{ d/F n}kd eokT[D dk B[;yk fwb frnk
j?. r[od[nkok n}kd j' frnk. w[pkoe j't/. j[D
d/F th s[;h_ n}kd eokT[Dk j?.¿
vkeNo rzvk f;zx nB[;ko, ¿r[od[nkok w{tw?N
_
ftu 500 f;Zy Fjhd j'J,/ 30 j}ko i/bkQ _ ftu rJ/ ns/
10 bZy o[fgnk f;Zyk_ B/ i[owkBk Gfonk.¿
wjkswk rk_Xh dh 1930 JhH dh Bk-fwbtosB
bfjo ftu pbhdkB j'D ftu f;Zy fe;/ e"w Bkb'_ fgZS/
Bjh_ oj/.
1934 JhH dk ;op fjzd ek_ro; ;?FB pzpJh
ftu j'Dk ;h go nzro/} ;oeko B/ gzvkb Bk bZrD
dk nfVZek vkfjnk. gzikp s'_ wk;No skok f;zx ih dh
iE/dkoh j/m fJe ;" f;obZE nekbh ;{ophok_ dk iEk
fJE/ g[Zik s/ ;kwoki d/ r[zfvnk_ B{z bbekfonk. fJBQk_
;{ophok_ dh ;qh ;kfjp d/ j/m jh T[d'_ fJE/ ;?FB j'
;fenk, Bjh_ s/ ;kwokih ;oeko B/ T[d_' ;?FB /bQ eoB
d/ wB;{p/ pDk oZy/ ;B.
d/F-;tkXhBsk ftu ;H feFB f;zx rVrZi,
(pkeh ;ck 17 s/)

(15)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


n}kdh dh gfjbh izr
10 wJh, 2007 B{z
gkobhw?_N ftu Gkos d/
gqXkB wzsoh ns/ j'o nj[d/
dkok_ B/ fwb e/ 1857 d/
|do dh v/ Y ;" ;kbk
po;h wBkJh. fJ; ;w/_
gkobhw?_ N d/ fvgNh
;gheo ;H uoBihs f;zx
nNtkb s/ j'o e[M w?pok_
_
B/ gkobhw?_N ftu dZf;nk
fe Gkos dh n}kdh dh
gfjbh izr, gfjbh gzikp
dh izr ;h go T[j fJ;
dk ft;Eko Bjh_ eo ;e/ fe fJj fet/_ n}kdh dh
gfjbh izr j?. fJ; b/y dk wB'oE fJ; rZb B{z ;gZFN
eoBk j?.
gzikp dh izr B{z nzro/}k_ B/ |bs Bkw d/ e/
gfjbh nzro/}k_-f;Zyk_ dh bVkJh fejk j?. fJ; izr B{z
fJ; bJh Gkos dh n}kdh dh gfjbh izr efj ;ed/
jk_ feT[f_ e fJ; izr ftu gfjbh tkoh fjzd;skBhnk_ B/
[
nzro/}k_ dk vZN e/ w[ekpbk ehsk ;h s/ J/Fhnk ftu fJj
gfjbh izr ;h fi; ftu nzro/}k_ B{z jko j[zdh. s/i
f;zx, bkb f;zx dh |dkoh eoe/ nzro/} pu rJ/
;B. fJ; bVkJh B/ ;kps eo fdZsk fe nzro/}h c"i
nfiZs Bjh_, fjzd[;skBh c"ik_ th fJ; B{z jok ;edhnk_
jB. fJj rZb fjzd;skBh c"ik_ tk;s/ pVh T[sFkjiBe
[
;h. fJ; izr s'_ T[sFkjs j' e/ fjzd[;skBh f;gkjh
1857 d/ |do ftu nzro/}k_ d/ fto[X T[m. fJ; izr
Z Z /
s'_ gfjbk_ fjzd;skBhnk_ ftu nkgDh jhDsk d/ nB[Gt
[
eoe/ nzro/}k_ d/ fto[X bVB dh ;woZEk Bjh_ ;h. fJj
Z
n;b ftu Gkos d/ fJZe' n}kd fJbke/ ;ko/ gzikp dh
nzro/}k_ fto[ZX bVkJh ;h, e/tb f;Zyk_ s/ nzro/}k_ dh
bVkJh Bjh_. fJ; ftu gzikp d/ f;Zy, w[;bwkB s/ fjzd{
;ko/ gzikph Fkwb ;B feT[f_ e wjkokik oDihs f;zx
dh ;zrfms ehsh c"i ftu ;ko/ gzikph ;B s/ yk; eoe/
gzikph w[;bwkBk_ d/ nXhB bkj"o dopko dk s'gykBk
;h. gzikph w[;bwkBk_ dk fJ; ftu tX/o/ Fkwb j'Dk
Fkj w[jzwd B/ ;gZFN fbfynk j?. T[; dk 60tk_ pzd

nr;s 2013
-vkH feogkb f;zx

fJ; soQk_ j?L
w}jo nbh s/ wkx/ yk_ e{ u ehsk,
s'gk_ Ffjo Eh_ pkjo fBekbhnk_ Bh.
p/ V k ufVQ n k ;[ b skB wfjw{ d tkbk,
s' g k_ Bkb fJwkw Fkj tkbhnk_ Bh.
fJbkjh p]F gN' b h B/ wk_ i e/ ih,
X{g d/fJ e/ s]s pjkbhnk_ Bh.
Fkj w[jzwdk n?;hnk_ fbFe nkJhnk_,
fpibh tk_ r i' d/ D tykbhnk_ Bh.
e/tb r[bkp f;zx fJ; gzikp dh izr ftu
Fkwb Bjh_ j'fJnk ns/ T[; d/ tZyo/ ftF/F ekoB ;B.
jo tor d/ b'e fJ;
wjkokBh
izr ftu Fkwb j'J/.
id'_ ft;ekT[N jkofvzr
_
fizd
rtoBo iBob pD e/
e" o
1844 ftu ebeZ s /
nkfJnk sk_ r[bkp f;zx
ebeZ s / ik e/ T[ ; B{ z
fwfbnk s/ T[; B/ T[;
B{ z gz i kp ªs/ jwbk
eoB bJh gq/ f onk
feT[_fe T[j nzro/}k_ Bkb fwfbnk j'fJnk ;h.
fJ; izr dhnk_ uko ftF/F bVkJhnk_ wzBhnk_
ik_dhnk_ jB w[Zdeh, c/o{Fkj, nbhtkb s/ ;GokT[_ dh
bVkJh. nk]oh bVkJh ;GokT[_ dk jkb nzro/}
fbykohnk_ B/ s/ j'o fbykohnk_ B/ pj[s ft;Eko Bkb
fbfynk j?.
w[jzwd bsh fbydk j?L ¿p[ZYk ;odko Fkw
f;zx nkgDh bzwh d[ZX-fuZNh (pokbh) dkVQh torh
;c? d g[ F ke gkJh, nkgDh uhBh x' V h B{ z ;ogN
d[VkT[f_ dnk_ s/ nkgD/ i[Fhb/ ;kEhnk_ B{z jZbkF/oh d/f_ dnk_
nZr/ tfXnk s/ nzs se w"s B{z fNZu ikDdk j'fJnk
(d/F dh ;[ssosk dh ]kso) Fjhdh gqkgs eo frnk.¿
z
T[; dh FkBdko fw;kb 1846 s'_ b? e/ 1947 se
nz r o/ } k_ d/ fto[ Z X bVB tkb/ j}kok_ ;[ s z s osk
;zrokwhnk_ bJh ukBD-w[Bkok s/ gq/oBk dk ;'wk pD
rJh.
;odko Fkw f;zx d/ n?bkB dk b'Vh_dk n;o

(16)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


fgnk. nbhtkb dh jko d/ ekoB f;Zy fdb SZv p?m/
;B. ;odko Fkw f;zx dh FkBdko fw;kb B/ T[BkQ _ B{z
Btk_ i'F, T[sFkj s/ gq/oBk fdZsh. efBzxw B/ fJ;
jkbs B{z j{-p-j{ fpnkB eofdnk_ j'fJnk_ fJT[_ fbfynk
j?L
¿fiBQk_ ]sfonk_ ftu f;Zy e"w fxoh j'Jh ;h,
T[j T[BQk_ d/ fdb-fdwk| ªs/ SkJ/ j'J/ ;B s/ T[BQk_ B{z
pd/Fh |[bkwh s'_ S[Nekok gkT[D dk e'Jh okj Bjh_ ;[M
Z
fojk ;h. fpoX ;odko Fkw f;zx nNkoh tkb/ B/
nkgDh e"w d/ d[FwDk_ Bkb NZeo ftu Fjhd j'D s/
fJ; soQk_ (r[o{) r'fpzd (f;zx) dh ;fgoN s/ T[; d/
ojZ;tkdh gzukfJsh oki B{z foMkT[D bJh nkgDh
e[opkBh d/D dk ?;bk eo fbnk.¿
nzro/}k_ d/ gfjb/ jwb/ ;w/_ ;odko Fkw f;zx
bZrGr jo/e Ek_ w"i{d fdZ;dk ;h. T[j fJe d;s/ s'_
d{i/ tZb ik_dk j'fJnk itkBk_ B{z vN e/ bVB bJh jZbkF/oh d/D s/ T[BkQ _ dk j";bk ekfJw oZyD ftu g{oh soQk_
;cb j' fojk ;h. T[; d/ fJ; eost B/ f;Zy c"i B{z
tX/ o / i' F Bkb bVB bJh T[ G kfonk s/ nz s ftu
nzro/}k_ B{z gSkV fdZsk frnk.

nr;s 2013

ftbhnw n?vtov, i' fJ; jwb/ ;w/_ T[E/ w"id
{
;h, B/ fJ; ;w/_ dk j{-pj{ fdqF fJzi fbfynk j?L
¿frbpoN d/ vth:B B/ f;Zyk_ d/ e/doh w'ou/
_
T[s/ shik jwbk ehsk. fJe d{i/ d/ w'fYnk_ T[s/ uVQd/
Z
Z
j'J/ T[j f;Zyk_ d/ w'ofunk_ T[Zs/ gj[zu rJ/ s/ fi; t/b/
T[BQk_ dh frDsh pj[s tX rJh, T[BQk_ B/ MgN e/ f;Zyk_
dhnk_ s'gk_ ªs/ ep}k eo fbnk. S/sh jh fJj ]po ;koh
f;Zy c"i ftu fyZbo rJh fe d[FwD dhnk_ c"ik_ f;Zyk_
d/ w'ofunk_ ftu XZ; nkJhnk_ jB. id ;odko Fkw
f;zx B/ nkgDh c"i dh jko j[dh d/yh, sk_ T[; B/ nzsw
z
wko{ edw u[eD dk ?;bk eo e/ nkgDh x'Vh B{z nZvh
Z
bkJh s/ T[j sbtko x[wkT[_dk s/ wko'-wko eodk
j'fJnk gzikjth_ fgnkdk c"i ftu ik xZ[f;nk.
Bkb jh Bkb T[; B/ itkBk_ B{z tzrkfonk fe
e'Jh w?dkB SZv e/ Bk GZi/. id T[; dh Sksh ;Zs
r'bhnk_ Bkb ftzBhQ rJh sk_ T[j Fjhd j' e/ x'Vh s'_ fvZr
fgnk.¿ ;odko Fkw f;zx dh db/oh ns/ fdqVQsk B/
;GokT[_ B{z Gkos dk tkNob{ pDk fdZsk. ihHphH B?b;B
B/ fbfynk j?L ¿i/eo f;Zy fJE/ fiZs ik_d/ sk_ Gkos
nzro/}k_ jZE'_ fBeb ikDk ;h.¿

Gkos dh n}kdh bJh f;Z y K HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
GkJh JhFo f;zx, wk;No w'sk f;zx, ;H yVe f;zx, ;H
s/ik f;zx ;w[zdoh, GkJh oDXho f;zx, wk;No skok
f;zx, MpkbhJ/ Goktk_ nkfd ;?eV/ nekbh f;zxk_ dhnk_
_
;orowhnk_ T[b/yBh: jB.
;H Grs f;zx fyV/-wZE/ ck_;h d/ s]s/ ªs/ uVQ
frnk. iBob w'jB f;zx B/ j'oBk_ d/Fk_ dh ;jkfJsk
Bkb pekfJdk izr bVB dh gb?B pDkJh ;h.
iBob w'jB f;zx B/ igkB ftu n}kd fjzd
c"i B{z ;zrfms ehsk. go id iBob B{z igkBhnk_ B/
frqsko eo fbnk sk_ wk;No skok f;zx B{z fwb/ iBob
w'jB f;zx d/ ;[Bj/ ªs/ wk;No ih B/ ;[GkF uzdo p';
/
B{z fJE'_ fBeb ikD dh, iBob e'b gj[ukT[D dh ftT[s
z
_
pDkJh. ;[GkF uzdo p'; B{z gj[zukT[D tkb/ ;ko/ f;Zy
jh ;B. n}kd fjzd c"i dh e[b frDsh 42,000 ftZu'_
Z
28,000 f;Zy ;?fBe ;B.

1946 JhH ftu pzpJh ftu B/th d/ i[nkBk_ d/
ftdo'j ftu th f;Zy ;?fBe fe;/ Bkb'_ xZN Bjh_ ;B.
j/mk_ fdZsk t/otk ;[ssosk ;zrokw ftu f;Zy e"w tZb'_
z
ehshnk_ wjkB e[opkBhnk_ dh wz{j-p'bdh s;tho j?L
e[Zb f;Zy |?o f;Zy
ck_;h fwbh
121 93
28
T[wo e?d
2626 2147 499
ifbQnk_tkb/ pk| d/ Fjhd 1300 799 501
pipi xkN d/ Fjhd
113 67
46
e{ek bfjo d/ Fjhd
91 91
nekbh bfjo d/ Fjhd 500 500
4771 3697 1074
bzp/ ;zxoF s'_ pknd d/F n}kd j'fJnk. fJ;
ftu f;Zyk_ B/ nkgDh npkdh d/ nB[gks s'_ fes/ tZX
:'rdkB gkfJnk.

(17)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


pkoj wkj r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih
t? o kr s' I nB[ o kr L
r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih B/ pfuZsq BkNe tKr jh fpqj
BkNe, pkoj wkj dh ekft F? b h s/ fbfynk j? go
fjzd;skB ohs s'I jN e/ nkg ih B/ nozG i/m s'I BjhI, r[o{
[
rozE ;kfjp ftu nkJ/ pkoj wkj[ tKr{z u/s s'I jh F[o{ ehsk
j? s/ t?okr s'I nB[okr se dk ;o do;kfJnk j?.
jo ;tZJhJ/ ftu d;w fgsk B/ dZf;nk j? fe iht
nkswk (okXk) sVg ojh j?, go e?;k p/dodh j? ekjB
e;kJh fe T[; ~ e'Jh dod BjhI T[m ofjnk. jo wjhB/
Z
tksktoD ftu eh spdhbh, sbyh, shposk nkT[Idh j?
T[; dk toDB eo e/ nzsbh s[e ftu r[o{ ih B/ fbfynk
j? L
N;e:' B jh:', e;e:' Bk e;kJh.
u/ s L
r[ o { r' f pz d f;z x ih B/ fJ; pkoj wkj ftu
wjhfBnK dk pVk y{p;{os B}kok pzfBQnk j?. nkg ih
owKd/ jB fe u/so uVQD t/b/ jh s's,/ e'fJb p'bD bZr
gJ/. tksktoD ftu j[bk; nk frnk, doZ]sK Bkb c[bK
Z
dhnK p/bK bgN ojhnK jB, go fe; ezw i/ ezs xo jh
BjhI L
c[fb oj/ f;ro/ fpqi e/ so[
c{b bsk fsB ;' bgNkJh.
c[fb oj/ ;fo ;ko; ;z[do,
;'G ;w{j pYh nfXekJh.
u/s uVQ:' ;[e ;z[do e'febek
i[s ezs fpBk Bk ;[jkJh..914..
t? ; ky L
t?;ky uVQ/ ;kok tksktoB jh ;[rXs j' iKdk j?.
z
mzvh s/ fwZmh ][;p{dko jtk trD bZr g?Idh j? ns/ c[ZbK
dk o; nkg-w[jko/ fpBK FZe jtk ftu fwb iKdk j? s/
p[o uko/ gk;/ fyZbo iKdk j?, go fJj ;[jktDh oZ[s s/
jtk, ekjB (wkbe) Bk fwbD eo e/ dZ[y T[gik ojh j?
L
pk; ;[pk; nek; fwbh,
no[ pk;s G{fw wjK Sfp gkJh.
;hsb wzd ;[rzfX ;who,
pj? weozd fB;ze fwbkJh.
g?o gokr ojh j? p?;ky,
;G? fpqi b'rB eh d[ydkJh .. 915..
i/ m L
i/m ~ pVk pbtkB fejk j? feT[fI e i/m uVQd/ jh
gkDh s/ jtk nZr tKr j' iKd/ jB. jo uh} sg yb'Idh

nr;s 2013
fgqz;hgb ;fspho f;zx

j?. ubd/ okjh o[e iKd/ jB s/ doZ]sK dh mzvh SK d/y,
p?m iKd/ jB s/ ;oho dh sZgF fwNKd/ jB. fJ;/ soQK gsh
Bk fwbD eo e/ ihn ftnke[b j' T[Zmdk j? L
Bho ;who j[sk;B e/ ;w,
nT[o nek; Xok sgskJh.
gzE Bk gzEh ub? eT{U,
so[ skfe so?, sB skg f;okJh.
i/m wjk pbtzs G:',
nfs fpnke[b ih:, wjK ofs gkJh..916..
n;kV L
i/m ftu sK fco th e'Jh g?v/ g?dk ;h, go n;kV
I I
ftu sgh j'Jh jtk j'o sg e/ GZm pD rJh j?. nzdo
ekjb gJh ofjzdh j?. ;ko/ xoK ftu jh fNe p?m rJ/
jB. gzSh ftuko/ gkDh s/ SK (tkfo ;[ SKj) GJ/ Y{zvd/
jB. e?;h o[Zs nk rJh j? fe jo fJe ~ GhV gJh jh
bZrdh j? s/ ftZSVh j'Jh dh eh jkbs j't/rh, T[; pko/
fejk BjhI ik ;edk L
gT[B gquzv pj/ nfs skgs,
uzub fufs d;' fd; XkJh.
p?; ntk; oj?I Bo[ Bkfo,
fpjzrw tkfo ;[ Skj sekJh.
d/fy n;kV BJh fofs,
dkdo w'oB j{z xBx'o brkJh.
rkY goh fpojh iB e',
N;e:' B jh:' e;e:' B e;kJh..918..
;ktD L
;ktD nkT[D s/ ;ZG gk;/ ib Eb j' frnk j?.
BdhnK gkDh Bkb GohnK j'JhnK Fj[ ;kro tZb GZihnK
ik ojhnK jB. fJ;/ soQK fpibhnK th pZdbK ftu roi
roi ob ojhnK jB. gghjk brksko gh gh dh X[Bh
brkJh p?mk j?. pkoF brkso j' ojh j?, go wB ~
GktB tkbk xo Bk j'D eo e/ e;e tX ojh j?. fJzM
bZrdk j? fe T[j feXo/ j'o wB brk p?mk j? L
skb Go/ ib g{oB ;'I,
no f;zX fwbh ;fosk ;G ikJh.
s?;/ xNkfB SNkfB fwbh,
nfs jh gghjk, gh: N/o brkJh.
;ktD wkfj bfrU po;ktB,
GktB Bkfj, jk jk xo wkJh.918.
Gkdt L
Gkdt ftZu gsh d/ doFB BjhI j' oj/. nekF
s/ id pdb SKd/ jB sK fdB oks ftu spdhb j' iKdk

(18)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


j? s/ d{i/ gk;/ id oks jB/o/ ftu fpibh uwedh j? sK
;{oi uVQ/ dk B}kok pDk d/dh j?. w[jb/Xko id whIj g?dk
I
I
j? sK ib jh ib B}o nkT[ I d k j? , go d/ y ' sZ s h dh
fe;ws fe fgnkok d{o ik p?mk j? L
Gkdt wkfj uV:' fpB[ Bkj
d;' fd; wkfj xNk xjokJh.
d:'; fB;k Bfjz ikB go?,
sw fpZi[ SNk ot eh Sfp gkJh.
w{;bXko S[N? BfG s/
ntBh (Xosh) ;roh ib g{ofB SkJh
n?;/ ;w/I sfi r:' jw e',
N;e:' B jh:', e;e:' B e;kJh..919.
nZ ; { L
nZ;{ (e[nko) dk wjhBk ;[ydkJh j?, go gsh gk;
Bk j'D ekoB fpojB ~ ;Z[y feZE'I < fuZN/-fuZN/, gsb/gsb/, go gkDh s'I ftot/I pZdb nkekF ftu x[wd/ ofjzd/
z
jB. ed/ T[Zu/ j' nNkohnK ~ S[zjd/ s/ edh ;o'to ftu
g?Id/ fdZ;d/ jB. fJj se fdb w{zj ~ nk iKdk j?. gq/w
Bkb ;Zih gqwD dh e;e j'o tX iKdh j?, go T[; d/ wB
/
ftu fyZu BjhI g?Idh L
wk; e[nko uY:' pb[ Xkfo,
gqeko ojh Bk fwb/ ;[ydkJh.
;/s xNk no[ rfs SNk
;o s[zr nNk f;we? do;kJh.
Bho fpjhB fco?I BfG ShB
;[ d/fy nXhB G:' jh: okJh.
gq/w Seh fsB ;' fpEe:' (EZe rJh j?),
N;e:' Bk jh:' e;e:' B e;kJh.920.
eZ s e L
eZse uVQd/ jh nekF fpbe[b ;k j' frnk j?
fit/I tZNh s/ dhtk fwb e/ ukBD eod/ jB. b'e w"i w;sh
eo oj/ jB s/ i{J/ y/vD dhnK fsnkohnK eo oj/ jB.
xoK ftu ;?dhnK j' ojhnK jB. xo fuso/ ik oj/ jB,
go ;kvk fgnkok BjhI nkfJnk, T[j feXo/ j'o fuZs
brkJh p?mk bZrdk j? L
ekfse w? r[B dhg gqekfFs,
s?;/ nek; w? T[ibskJh.
i{g ijK sjK c?b oj:',
f;ro/ Bo BkfoB y/b wukJh.
fusq GJ/ xo nKCB d/fy,
ru/ (r{VQ/ ehs/) sj e/ no[ fus GqwkJh.921.
wZ x o L
wZxo wjhB/ eztb ;o'to ftu fyV gJ/ jB.
gkDh dk fJsBk }'o BjhI ofjnk. e{ziK dh e[obkjN
;[DkJh d/D bZr gJh j? feT[fI e oki jz; gk; BjhI. fJj
jh jkb ;kvk j? fi; gk; gsh ekjB BjhI j? L

g' j L

nr;s 2013

pkofi (gkDh dk ikfJnk, eztb) c{fb oj/ ;fo g[i,
z
;[rzX ;B/ ;foskB xNkJh.
ez[is (e[obkT[Dk) ezs fpBK e[b jz;,
eb/; pY? ;[fB e? fsj wkJh.
pk;[o o?fB B u?B ej{z fSB,
wzxo wkf; n:' B eBQkJh..922.

g'y ftu ;zs'y j'Dk ukjhdk ;h go fpqj[ e[mh ~
feZE/ < T[sw fNekD/ s/ nokw d/ ;kwkB ;PrI' ykD ~ nkT[d/
Z
I
jB. eZ g V/ o/ F wh th u[ Z G d/ jB (e{ b de{ b s/ ;{ b
T[Zm/) s/ gkB d/ phV/ d[ydkJh bZrd/ jB L
G[fw nek; ntk; ;[pk;[,
T[dkf; pYh vfs ;hsbskJh.
e{b d[e{b s/ ;{b T[m?,
;G s/b sw'b br? d[ydkJh.
g'E ;zs'y B j's eS{,
sB ;'ys fiT[ e[wdh w[oMkJh..923..
wkx L
wKj d/ wjhB/ ftu th fgnko/ d/ xo Bk nkT[D
eo e/ ;Z]s ;odh ftu th nzdobk ;Vdk ofjzdk j?. fit/
I wKj ftu edh ;{oi nkgDk w{zj fdybk e/ S[g iKdk j?
fst/I jh fgnko/ dk jkb j?. fJzM gqshs j[zdk j? fe j[D/
nk e/ doFB d/t/rk, go G[b/yk jh j[zdk j?. Bk fdB
r[}odk j? s/ Bk bzwh oks. T[ZXo id s's/ s/ e'fJbK
nkg; ftu eb'b eod/ sZehd/ jB sK j'o d[y T[mdk j?L
Z Z
wkfj w? BKj ejh xfo wkfj,
;[ dkj eo? oft i'fs fdykJh.
ikBh B iks fpbkss d:'; B,
o?fB eh fpqX GJh nfXekJh.
e'feb d/fy eg'fs fwbh,
w[y e[zis J/ ;[fB e/ vo gkJh..924..
cZ r D L
ckrB d/ wjhB/ fgnko dk tksktoD pD frnk
j? ns/ ;[jkrDK gshnK Bkb fwb rJhnK jB. fJ;
wjhB/ jo fJe dk w/b ntZF j[zdk j? feT[Ife gsh gsBh
fJe d{i/ p|?o ofj jh BjhI ;ed/ feT[Ife wdB nkgDk
gqGkt jo fJe s/ gk d/Idk j?. go w/oh nk; fJzM bZrdh
j? fBok; j' rJh j? L
ckrB ckr[ pY:' nBokr,
;[jkrfB Gkr ;[jkr ;[jkJh.
e/;o uho pBkfJ ;oho,
r[bkp nzpho r[bkb T[vkJh.
;' Sfp w B byh,
iB[ dtkd; wk;eh ;'Gs nkfr irkJh.
nk; e' s:kr fBok; GJh,
N;e:' B jh:' e;e:' B e;kJh.. 925..

(19)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

r[o{ dh ftukoXkok ns/ ;zsk$pkfpnK dh ftukoXkok
ftu ptzik nzso ;wMD dk :sB eo'
GkJh ;[yftzdo f;zx
r[ o { ih L
gqwkswk fJe j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj nkg jh oZp ns/ fJjBK d/ u/b/ fwzBh
oZp. fJj 33 eo'V d/tfsnK dh eEk
eod/ jB ns/ epoK tkb/ cZeoK ~ th
oZp wzBh p?m/ jB nkb/ pDk e/ FjhdK d/
dht/ irkT[D tk;s/ th efjzd/ ofjzd/
jB.
shoE fJFBkBK Bkb wB dh w?b BjhI
r[ o { ih L
X[gdh.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj nkg shoEK s/ fJFBkB eod/ jB
fJj SZgVK d/ gkDh ~ fJFBkB eoB ns/
T[E'I u[b/ b?D bJh efjzd/ jB.
r[ o { ih L
f;ZfynK r[opkDh ftu'I b?Dh j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj wBxVs M{mhnK eokwksh ejkDhnK
ftu'I f;ZfynK b?d/ jB.
r[o{ dk puB wzBDk jh f;woB j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L ;zs dk j[ew, G'fonk ftu p?m e/ wkbk
c/oBhnK, pkDh ~ th izso wzso, s'sk
oNB, nZ y K whN e/ ;wkXhnk, ftjb/
ofjDk fJj fJjBK dk f;woB j?.
;/tk d[BhnK dh, ew}'o dh rohp dk w{j
z
r[ o { ih L
r'be r[o{ dh.
;z s k$pkfpnK L ;/tk ;'B/ uKdh dh fJZNK gZEoK ;zrwo
wo, r[od[nkfonK dhnK fJwkosK s/
;kok i'o, b/po coh, wkb wkbeK dk,
wFj{oh ezgBh dh.
r[owfs nB[;ko frqj;sh ihtB ihT{Dk
r[ o { ih L
j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L ish ;sh j'D dk c'ek dkntk eJh ;zs
pkb ish ejkT[Id/ jB. i' ;ok;o M{m
j?.
feos eoBh d;tzX d/Dk.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L ftjb/ ofj e/ ykDk G'b/ Gkb/ b'eK d/ g?;/
dh d[otos'I eoBh.
jzeko dk pdb fBwosk.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJjBK ;zsK B/ jzeko dk gqdoFB eoB
tk;s/ pj[s ehwsh ekoK ns/ tZv/ tZv/
v/o/ tzB ;[tB/ gfjokt/ ns/ ;zrsK s'I wZE/
z
th g?oK s/ fNek oj/ jB.

r[ o { ih L
w'j dk pdb gq/w.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;kok i'o v/o/ tZv/ tZv/ eoB, nkgD/
u/b/ tXkT[D, ikfJdkdK pDkT[D ns/ gZr
th nkgD/ g[ Z s k iK B/ V / ofjD tkb/
y[FkwdhnK ~ fdzd/ jB.
e'Jh eokwks BjhI j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;dk jh eokwksh ejkDhnK ;[Dk
;[Dk e/ b'eK ~ tfjwK GowK ftu gkT[d/
I
ofjzd/ jB.
r[ o { ih L
f;Zy r[o{ dk j' e/ oj/.
;z s k$pkfpnK L f;Zy ;kX dk pD/.
fsnkr p/JhwkBh dk eoBk j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj wkfJnk d/ fsnkr dhnK rZbK eod/
jB T[go'I T[go'I.
;Zu jh gqwkswk j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj nkekF ftu gqwkswk wzBh p?m/ jB.
;Zu' ;Zu c?;b/ nkgD/ nkg j[zd/ jB.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj efjzd/ c?;b/ Xowoki eodk j?.
feqs dh g{ik BjhI eoBh.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj g{ik jh feqs dh eod/ jB.
f;ZX Xow gozgoktkdh BjhI j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L f;Zy Xow gozgoktkdh j?.
e'Jh G{s gq/s BjhI j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj G{sK gq/sK dhnK ejkDhnK ;[DK e/
b'eK ~ vok e/ oZyd/ jB.
wVQh w;kDk dh g{ik BjhI eoBh.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj wVQhnk w;kDk dh g{ik eotk oj/
jB. ns/ wo/ ;kXK dhnK wVhnK pDk
oj/ jB.
Xow d/ BK s/ eoweKv BjhI eoB/.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj eoweKv ~ jh Xow wzBd/ jB.
;[Zu fGZN e'Jh tfjw Gow BjhI j?.
r[ o { ih L
Z
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj nkgDh pkjwD tkbh ;[u fGZN wzBd/
jB ns/ tfjwK GowK ftu gk oj/ jB.
f;Zy r[o{ dk j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj efjzd/ f;Zy ;zs dk j?.
nzfwqs r[o{ dk j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L nzfwqs ;zs dk j? pkp/ dk j?.
bzro r[o{ dk j?.
r[ o { ih L

(20)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


;z s k$pkfpnK L bzro pkp/ dk j?.
r[od[tkok r[o{ dk j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L v/ok ;zs dk nkgDk j?.
r[ o { ih L
wo:kdk r[o{ dh j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L wo:kdk pkp/ dh j?.
;/tk r[o{ dh j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L ;/tk pkp/ dh j?.
puB r[o{ dk j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L puB ;kX pkp/ dk j?.
sB wB XB r[o{ dk j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L sB wB XB ;zs dk j?.
pkDh r[o{ dh j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L pkDh pkp/ dh j?.
ehosB r[o{ dk j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L ehosB pkp/ dk j?.
eEk r[opkDh dh j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L eEk pkp/ Bkb i[ V hnK ekbgfBe
ejkDhnK dh j?.
eeko r[o{ d/ jB.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L eeko pkp/ d/ jB.
r[o{ ;woZE j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L pkpk ;woZE j?.
r[o{ d[fpXk Jhoyk ysw eodk j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs d[fpXk Jhoyk tXkT[Id/ jB.
r[o{ ns/ f;Zy dk f;ZXk ;pzX j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs pkp/ ftu'brh dh tekbs eod/
jB. ns/ nkg; ftu Jhoyk pj[s oZyd/
jB.
r[o{ dksk j?.
r[ o { ih L
I
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs pkp/ dks/ ejkT[d/ jB ns/ xo
xo wzrd/ jB.
r[ o { ih L
r[o{ fBoGT[ j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj nzdo' pV/ vo/ ofjzd/ jB. fJj
rzBw?B th oZyd/ jB.
r[ o { ih L
r[opkDh r[o{ dh wfs j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs pkp/ dh rZb eod/ jB fJj gV'
s/ fJj cb, fJj gVQ' s/ fJj cb.
r[ o { ih L
r[opkDh wB d/ o'r d{o eodh j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs pkp/ gkDh ftu c{eK wko-wko
fdZsh iKd/ jB.
r[ o { ih L
r[o{ fJe j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJjBK ;z s K dh frDsh gz i kp ftu
16000 s'I tZX j?.

nr;s 2013

r[ o { ih L
r[owfs ftuko Xkok fJe j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJjBK ;z s pkfpnK dhnK nB/ e K
ftukoXkoK jB.
r[ o { ih L
s/o/ GkD/ ;opZs dk Gbk.
Z
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJjBK ;zsK d/ GkD/ fJjBK d/ XhnK g[sk
dk Gbk fJjBK d/ u/ f bnK dk Gbk
fJjBK dk nkgDk Gbk.
to ;okg e'Jh BjhI j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj toK d/ bkbu ns/ ;okg dk vo gk
e/ b[ZNd/ jB.
eow (ezw) jh fuso r[gs jB.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJjBK ;zsK B/ fuso r[gs dh ftnkfynK
rbs ehsh j'Jh j?.
nkt rtD dk uZeo iBw woB dk uZeo
r[ o { ih L
jh ;ik j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj iwd{ s K dhnK Xowoki dhnK
ejkDhnK ;[DT[Id/ jB ns/ bZsK pkjtK
tZY/ ikD dh ;ik dh rZb eod/ jB.
fJj Fpd r[o{ jh uoB jB.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJ; ;zsK d/ jZv wk; d/ g?oK ~ uoB
efjzd/ jB.
r[o{ d/ f;Zy r[o Fpd ~ fjod/ o{gh xo
r[ o { ih L
ftu ;KG e/ oZyd/ jB.
I
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs pkp/ b'eK d/ xohI uoB gkT[d/
fcod/ jB.
Xkr/ sths ikd{ wz s o N{ D / NgkD/
r[ o { ih L
UgohnK F?nK e'Jh BjhI j[zdhnK.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs pkp/ fJj ;kok e[M j?rk dZ;d/
jB ns/ b'eK ~ vok e/ b[ZNd/ jB.
iBw woB, w[v/ izwD/ gqwkswk d/ tZ; j?.
z
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs pkp/ fe;/ ~ ihtkJh iKd/ jB
fe;/ ~ wkoh iKd/ fe;/ ~ w[ z v / d/ J h
iKd/. n;b ftu fJjBK d/ tZ; e[M th
BjhI j?. fJj M{m dk nk;ok bJh p?m/
jB.
r[o{ dh dZ;h ofjs j'o j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJjBK ;zsK dh ofjs j'o j?.
r[ o { ih L
r[o{ B/ r[opkDh ;wMD wzBD dk j[ew
ehsk j?.
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs e/tb s'sk oNB gVQB ns/ cb
b?D d/D dh rZb eod/ jB.
r[o{ ;dhth j?.
r[ o { ih L
;z s k$pkfpnK L fJj ;zs iBw woB d/ r/V #u gJ/ j'J/
jB.

(21)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

f;Z y Xow d/ fJfsjk; dh T[ ; koh ftu f;Z y fJ;sohnK dk :' r dkB-3
ubdk HHHHHHHH
fJ;/ soQK wksk yhth ih dh ;g[Zsoh phph nwo'
ih dk BK th f;Zy fJ;sohnK ftu nfjw ;EkB oZydk j?.
wksk yhth ih B/ nkgDh ;g[Zsoh phph nwo' ih B{z f;Zyh
dk gkm gVQk e/ uzrh wK dk o'b th ndk ehsk j?. ;g[soh
Z
d/ o{g ftu phph nwo' ih (d{i/ r[o{, ;qh r[o{ nzrd d/t
ih dh ;g[Zsoh, i' ;qh nwodk; dk; ih d/ Gshi/ Bkb
ftnkjh j'Jh ;h) dh d/D B{z nZy_' Ujb/ Bjh_ ehsk ik ;edk
feT[ _ f e T[ B Q K dh o;Bk s' _ T[ u o/ r[ o -Fpd B/ pkpk
nwodk; ih dh ekfJnk gbN fdZsh. T[j fJe ;kXkoB
shoE :ksoh s'_ f;Zy Xow d/ sh;o/ r[o{, fBEkftnK d/
EK,fBwkfDnK d/ wkD s/ fBskfDnK d/ skD pD rJ/. f;Zy
fJfsjk; ftu f}eo nkT[dk j? fe phph nwo' ih fJe fdB
_
nzfwqs t/b/ d[ZX foVefdnK r[opkDh dk gkm pj[s wX[o
ntk} ftu eo oj/ ;h. id'_ fJj gkm ;qh nwodk; dk;
ih d/ ezBh_ fgnk sK ;[DfdnK jh nkg ih d/ wB ftu X[j
gJh. phph nwo' ih s'_ g[fZ Snk fe T[j fe; dh pkDh gVQ
oj/ ;h< hJj gsk bZrD «s/ fe fJj ;qh r[o{ BkBe d/t
ih dh pkDh j? s/ T[BQK dh rZdh «s/ ;qh r[o{ nzrd d/t ih
fpokiwkB jB sK T[BQK d/ fdb ftu r[o{ ih d/ doFBK
dh fJZSk ikr gJh. nkg phph nwo' ih B{z Bkb b? e/ yv{o
;kfjp gj[zu rJ/. id'_ nkg B/ ;qh r[o{ nzrd d/t ih d/
doFB ehs/ sK wB B{z nEkj FKsh fwbh. fJ; soQK phph
nwo' ih ;qh (r[o) nwodk; ih bJh r[o-fwbkg dk ;kXB
{
{
pD/. ;g[Zsoh s/ Xow-gsBh d/ o{g ftu phph GkBh ih (
sh;o/ r[o{ ;qh r[o{ nwodk; ih dh ;g[soh s/ u"E/ r[o{ ;qh
Z
r[o{ okwdk; ih dh XowgsBh) i' fBFekw ;/tk-Gkt s/
GkD/ ftu ftuoB tkb/ ;B, dk th f;Zy Xow d/ fJfsjk;
ftu ftF/F :'rdkB j?. fgsk r[o{ ih dh nEkj ;/tk
;dek fJfsjk; dk o[] jh pdb fdZsk. fJfsjk;ekoK
nB[;ko phph GkBh ih B/ ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih s'_ uko
;kfjp}kfdnK (g[Zso s/ nrbhnK uko ghVQhnK) se
FkBdko gqGkt gkfJnk. fJ; s'_ fpBK nkg B/ ;qh nzfwqs;o
ih dh T[;koh ;w/_ th wjkB fjZ;k gkfJnk j?. Xow-gsBh
s/ wK d/ o{g ftu wksk rzrk ih (gzit/_ r[o,{ ;qh r[o[ noiB
d/t ih (FjhdK d/ f;oski) dh Xow-gsBh s/ S/t/_ r[o{,
;qh r[o[ jfor'fpzd ;kfjp ih d/ wksk ih) B/ nkgD/ r[o{gsh dh jo ;[y-;j{bs dk f]nkb oZfynk ns/ nkgD/
;g[so ;qh jfor'fpzd ih dh Fy;hns d/ ;op-gZyh ftek;
Z
tZb th ftF/F fXnkB fdZsk. nkg ih B/ pkb-g[Zso B{z

w}p{s s/ fdqVQ-;zebgK Bkb
bpo/} eo e/ ªtv :'Xk pj[
goT[gekoh« ns/ ªwhoh ghoh d/
wkbe« d/ o{g ftu r[orZdh dk
S/tK tko; d/ e/, f;Zy Xow d/
fJfsjk; ftu ftF/F :'rdkB
gkfJnk j?. nkg ih d/ ;g[Zso
B/ whoh s/ ghoh dhnK d'
feogkBK gfjB e/ f;Zy Xow d/
ftek; ftu nfjw o'b ndk phph ;opihs e"o @ikue#
ehsk j?. wksk rzrk ih B/ r[o{
gsh dh Fjkds B{z pj[s tZv/ firo/ Bkb ;jkfonk s/ nB/
eK emBkJhnK dk ;kjwDk eod/ j'J/ th EzwQ tKr w}p{s
oj/. nkg ih r[o{-xo dhnK f}zwtkohnK pk]{ph fBGkT[d/
/
_
oj/. fJ; s'_ fJbktk wksk rzrk ih B/ r[of;ZyK dk ;fseko
eoB dh nwbh f;Zfynk th fdZsh j?. ;g[soh s/ wK d/ o{g
Z
ftu phph tho' ih (S/t/_ r[o{, ;qh r[o{ jfor'fpzd ih dh
;g[Zsoh) dh th f;Zy Xow d/ fJfsjk; B{z wjkB d/D j?.
nkg B/ nfij/ ;{opho gzi g[soK B{z iBw fdZsk fiBQK B/ ;qh
Z
r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih d/ ;w/_ GzrkDh d/ :[ZX ftZu nkgDh
thosk d/ i"jo ftykJ/. phph tho' ih d/ d' g[soK (;qh ;zr'
Z
Fkj s/ ;qh ihs wZb ih) B/ FjhdhnK gqkgs ehshnK fiBQK
dk f}eo ªpfuZso BkNe« ftu ;qh r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih B/
ehsk j?. phph tho' ih B{z T[BQK dh wksk dw'doh ih (;qh
r[o{ jfor'fpzd ;kfjp ih dh Xow-gsBh) s'_ r[owfs s/
r[of;Zyh tkb/ ;z;eko fwb/ ;B. Xow-gsBh s/ wK d/ o{g
ftu wksk feFB e"o ih (;st/_ r[o{, ;qh r[o{ jfo okfJ
;kfjp ih dh Xow-gsBh s/ nmt/_ r[o{ ;qh r[o{ jfofeqFB
;kfjp ih d/ wksk ih) B/ nkgD/ r[o{-gsh dk ;kfJnk f;o'_
T[m ikD pknd, nkgD/ pkb-g[so dh f}zwtkoh B{z f;de
Z
Z
/
Bkb fBGkfJnk. gzi ;kb d/ g[so B{z r[orZdh «s/ p?fmnK
Z
t/y e/ wK XzB j' ojh ;h s/ Bkb jh p/ns f}zwtkohnK dh
z
/
gzv f;o «s/ ;h. itkBh dh fsZyV d[gfjo gsh s'_ fpBK
eZNDh w[jkb ;h go wksk ih d/ nB{m/ f;de B/ ;G e[M
;fj e/ f;Zyh wo:kdk dh gkbDk pj[s fdqVQsk Bkb ehsh
s/ f;Zy fJfsjk; ftu fJe fw;kb ekfJw eo fdZsh. nkg
nkgD/ pkb g[Zso B{z r[o{ o{g ikDd/ ;B s/ T[BQK dh jo
nkfrnk B{z r[o{-nkfrnk ;wMd/ ;B. ;qh r[o{ jfofeqFB
;kfjp ih d/ fdZbh ftu i'sh i'fs ;wkT[D s'_ pknd nkg
r[ogsh s/ r[o-g[so d/ ftS'V/ ftu bzp/ ;w/_ se GkD/ ftu
{
{ Z

(22)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


ofj e/ fiT{_d/ oj/. wK d/ o{g ftu wksk BkBeh ih (;qh
r[o{ jfor'fpzd ;kfjp ih dh Xow-gsBh s/ wksk ;qh r[o{
s/r pjkdo ih) B{z f;Zy fJfsjk; ftu r"otwJh ;EkB
gqkgs j?. fJfsjk; ;kyh j? fe fJBQK dh e[y s'_ fJe wjkB
Z
pkbe B/ iBw fbnk i' f;Zy Xow d/ B"t_/ r[o{ pD/ s/ Xow
dh oZfynk bJh fdZbh fty/ Fjkds d/ e/ ªXow dh ukdo«
pD/. fJ; wjkB e[opkBh ;zpzXh ;qh r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih
eEB eod/ jBL mheo c'fo fdbh; f;fo gqG g[fo ehnk
g:kB. s/r pjkd[o ;h feqnk eoh B feBj{z nkfB. (pfusq
BkNe) Xow-gsBh, wK s/ dkdh d/ o{g ftu wksk r[ioh
ih (B"t/_ r[o{ ;qh r[o{ s/r pjkdo ih dh Xow-gsBh) dh
f;Zy Xow B{z pj[wbh d/D j? fiBQK B/ (nkgD/ gsh d/ j[ew
Z[
ftu ofjzfdnK) 22 ;kb 9 wjhB/ ns/ e[M fdB pkp/ pekb/
r[o{-gsh d/ Bkb nksw-;kXBk ;kXh. nmt/_ r[o{ ;qh r[o[
jfofeqFB ;kfjp ih d/ i'sh i'fs ;wkT[D s'_ fgZS'_ nkg ih
d/ gsh r[orZdh «s/ fpokiwkB j'J/ sK wksk r[ioh ih
nkgD/ r[o{-gsh Bkb gzikp s'_ pkjo fJbkjkpkd s/ fco
gNB/ ub/ rJ/. fJZE/ 1666 JhH ftu nkg ih dh gftZso
e[y s'_ nfij/ j'Djko pkbe ;qh r'fpzd okfJ ih dk iBw
Z
j'fJnk, fi; B/ e/tb 9 ;kb dh T[wo ftu nkgD/ fgsk
B{z Fjhdh d/D bJh fdZbh s'o fdZsk s/ fco d;t/_ r[o{ ;qh
r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih d/ o{g ftu nfij/ ekoBkw/ eo ftykJ/
fiBQK B/ Gkos d/ fJfsjk; B{z pdb e/ oZy fdZsk. nkgD/
gsh dh Fjkds s'_ pknd wksk ih d/ f;o dk ski y[Z;
frnk go fJfsjk; rtkj j? fe fJBQK Bk}[e gbK ftu
nkg B/ nkgD/ 9 ;kb d/ pkb r'fpzd okfJ ih B{z T[;
eosZt bJh fsnko ehsk fi; dh g{osh bJh T[BQK B{z
nekb g[oy B/ ;z;ko ftu G/fink ;h. nkg ih d/ ;g[so
Z
B/ GkoshnK B{z nkgD/ Xow dh oZfynk eoB d/ :'r pDk
fdZsk. fe;/ FkfJo B/ mhe fejk j?- ªBk ej{z ip eh, B
ej{z sp eh, pks ej{z w?_ np eh, nro Bk j's/ r[o{ r'fpzd
f;zx, s' ;[zBs j'sh ;G eh.« dkdh d/ o{g ftu th wksk
r[ioh ih dh f;Zy Xow B{z bk;kBh d/D j?. f}eo nkT[dk
_
j? fe ;o;k Bdh d/ ezY/ izr T[gozs d' S'N/ ;kfjp}kd/
pkpk }'okto f;zx ih s/ pkpk csfj f;zx ih, r[o{ r'fpzd
f;zx ih, wksktK s/ tZv/ ;kfjp}kfdnK s'_ ftZSV e/ nkgDh
dkdh wksk r[ioh ih Bkb rzr{ o;'JhJ/ Bkb T[; d/ fgzv
;j/Vh ub/ rJ/ ;B. rzr{ B/ w[;bwkB je{ws e'b_' fJBkw
jk;b eoB bJh wksk ih ns/ wk;{ w pZ f unK B{ z
frqTwglsko eotk fdZsk s/ T[BKQ B{z ;ojzd d/ mzY/ p[oi
ftu e?d eotk fdZsk. fJZE/ p?m e/ (g'j d/ wjhB/ ftu)
;koh-;koh oks wksk r[ioh ih nkgD/ g'sfonK ftu f;zxK

nr;s 2013

dh pjkdoh dhnK ejkDhnK ;[Dk-;[Dk e/ fBoG?sk s/
phosk dk i}pk God/ ofjzd/ sK fe T[j w[rb je{ws d/
jkewK ;kjwD/ v'b Bk ikD. ;t/o/ nkg T[BQK B{z fsnko
eod/ s/ ;wMkT[d,/ ¿nkgD/ Xow B{z ikBK tko e/ th ekfJw
_
oZyDk. s[;h_ T[; r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx d/ F/o pZu/ j', fi; B/
}kbwK s'_ edh JhB Bjh_ wzBh. T[; dkd/ d/ g's/ j' fi;
B/ Xow dh ykso nkgDk ;h; tko fdZsk. t/fyU! fes/
t}ho yK tZb'_ fdZs/ bkbu iK vokftnK ekoB Xow tb'_
ew}' o h Bk ftyk ikfJU.À Btkp d/ f;gkjhnK tZ b ' _
;kfjp}kfdnK B{z fbik e/ t}ho yK dh eufjoh ftu g/F
ehsk frnk. Btkp B/ pZfunK B{z fJ;bkw ep{bD bJh
fejk ns/ Bk wzBD «s/ T[BKQ B{z w"s dk vo fdZsk frnk go
dkdh wksk ih dh f;Zfynk nB[;ko ;kfjp}kfdnK B/ fBMZe
j' e/ itkp fdZskL ¿n;h_ ;qh r[o{ noiB d/t ih dh ;zskB
jK s/ ;qh r[o{ s/r pjkdo ih d/ g's/ jK. n;h_ Xow bJh
Fjhd j'Dk ikDd/ jK. n;h_ Xow SZv e/ fiT{D B{z fsnko
Bjh_. s[jkvk fit/_ ihn eodk j? eo bt'.À fJ; ;w/_
pZfunK d/ fujfonK «s/ e'Jh vo dk fuzBQ Bjh_ ;h. dhtkB
;[Zuk Bzd d/ ;{p/ B{z j'o T[e;kT[D s/ GVekT[D «s/ Btkp
B/ j[ew d/ fdZsk fe ;kfjp}kfdnK B{z fiT{_d/-ihn BhjK
ftu fuD fdZsk ikt/. Btkp d/ j[ew nB[;ko pZfunK B{z
Bh_jK ftu fuD e/ Fjhd eo fdZsk frnk. nzsb/ ;tk;
se T[j tkfjr[o{ dk ikg eod/ oj/. T[BKQ B/ uVQdh ebk
ftu ofj e/ w"s bkVh B{z gqDk fbnk. fJj dkdh wK wksk
r[ioh ih dh f;Zfynk dk jh f;ZNk ;h fe T[j Xow s'_
fEVe/ Bjh_.
g'sfonK dh Fjhdh dh ]po ;[D e/ wksk r[ioh
ih B/ nekb g[oy d/ uoBK ftu nodk; ehsh s/ ;Zuyzv
gXko rJ/. XzB j? dkdh wksk! fi; B/ nkgD/ (firo d/
N'N) g'sfonK B{z ª;h; ikfJ go f;oo B ikfJ« dh f;Zfynk
/
d/ e/ Fjhd j'D bJh s'fonk s/ nkg th mzY/ p[oi ftu
Fjkds dk ikw ghsk. wksk ih B/ f;Z y Xow ftu
fJ;sohnK dh Fjkds dh p[fBnkd oZy fdZsh. dhtkB
N'vo wZb B/ w'joK ftSk e/ ;kfjp}kfdnK ns/ wksk ih
dk ;;eko eoB bJh irQk bJh s/ g{oB wfonkdk s/
;fseko Bkb ;;eko eo fdZsk. nZiebQ fJ; ;EkB «s/
r[od[nkok i'sh ;o{g ;[F'Gs j? i' wksk r[ioh ih s/ T[BKQ
d/ g'sfonK dh Fjkds dh :kd fdtkT[dk j?.wksk r[ioh
_
ih f;Zy Xow d/ fJfsjk; ftu gfjbh fJ;soh Fjhd wzB/
rJ/ jB fiBQK d/ g{ofBnK «s/ uZbfdnK j'fJnK nB/eK f;Zy
phphnK B/ nkgDk Xow fBpkj[zd/ j'J/ FjhdhnK gqkgs
ehshnK jB. nkU, nkgK ;ko/ gqDkw eohJ/ wjkB Xow-

(23)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


gsBh, wjkB wksk s/ wjkB dkdh wksk r[ioh ih B{z i'
f;Zy fJfsjk; dh T[j nB{gw s/ f;deh ;kXe j' fBpVh
j? fi; B/ T[wo Go bzw/ ;zxoF B{z nkgD/ sB s/ wB d/
fgzv/ «s/ pVh db/oh Bkb jzYkfJnk j?. gqukoe d/ o{g ftu
phph wE' ih (w[okoh ih dh gsBh) B/ nkgD/ gsh Bkb
r[owfs dk Gkoh gquko ehsk, fi; ekoB d'jK dk ;zfwbs
BK fJfsjk; ftu gqf;ZX j?.4 fJZE/ fJj ;gFN eoBk }o{oh
j? fe ;qh r[o[ nwodk; ih tZb'_ r[owfs dk gquko eoB
bJh fiBQK 22 wzihnK dh ;EkgBk ehsh rJh ;h, T[BQK
wzihnK d/ f}zw/tkoK ftu wE'-w[okoh dk BK th Fkwb j?.
B/sk d/ o{g ftu wkJh Gkr' ih s/ j'o wksktK B/ ;qh r[o{
r'fpzd f;zx ih d/ ihtB-ekb ftu jh, okj'_ y[zM/ wkM/ d/
f;zxK (i' nBzdg[o ;kfjp dh izr ftu nfs n"eV ;w/_ r[o{
B{z p/dktk fby e/ d/ xoh_ nk rJ/ ;B) B{z gqoBk d/ e/ w[V
/
r[o{ Bkb i'fVnk ;h. f;Zy fJfsjk; rtkj j? fe f;Zy
phphnK B/ fJBQK p/wy j'J/ f;zxK B{z nfij/ Bw'Fh Go/ FpdK
[
(u{VhnK gk e/ xoK ftu p?m) ftu fXZekoK gkJhnK fe T[j
'
r[o{ dh ;/tk ftu jk}o j' e/ wkTwglh wzrD bJh fsnko
j' rJ/. r[o{ ;kfjp dk ;kE fBGkT[D dk fBFuk eo e/
fJ;sohnK dh B[wkfJzdrh wkJh Gkr' ih B/ ehsh. pjkdo
phph B/ wodktK G/; Xkfonk, F;so XkoB ehs/ ns/ x'V/
«s/ ;tko j' e/ w?dkB ftu fBZsoh. n?Bk jh Bjh_ fJ;
uVQdh ebk tkbh f;Zy phph dh nrtkJh ftu f;zxK B/
fydokD/ dh Ykp (w[es;o) d/ izr-J/-w?dkB ftu w[|b
c"iK dk vZN e/ w[ekpbk ehsk. f;Zy fJfsjk; ftu wkJh
Gkr' ih torhnK pjkdo fJ;sohnK B/ :[ZX-y/so ftu
wodK dh nrtkJh eo e/ fJfsjk; ftu fJ;soh iksh
dh wjkB d/D B{z T[ikro ehsk j?. f}eo:'r j? fe fJZE/
jh GkJh wjK f;zx d[nkok p/Bsh eoB «s/ ;qh r[o{ r'fpzd
f;zx ih B/ p/dktk gkV fdZsk ;h. r[o{ ;kfjpkB s'_ pknd
th f;Zyh wjZb B{z Yfj-Y/oh j'D s'_ pukT[D bJh f;Zy e"w
d/ nB/eK gotkfBnK B/ nkgD/ f;oK EzwhQ nK fdZshnK feT[f_ e
T[BQK B{z nkgDhnK wksktK (fiBQK B/ nkgD/ ihtB r[owo:kdk nB[;ko Ykb/ j'J/ ;B) s'_ ;jh ;/X fwbh ;h.
Fjhd f;zxDhnK d/ o{g ftu f;Zyh-f;de dhnK XkoBh
fJ;sohnK nkg th Xow dh ykso Fjkds d/D ftu fgZS/
Bjh_ ojhnK. fJfsjk;e sZE rtkjh God/ jB fe f;Zy
wksktK B/ nkg th w[|bK dh e?d ftu jo o'} ;tk-;tk
wD gh;D/ gh;/, yzBh_-yzBh_ o'Nh yk e/ r[}kok ehsk s/ nkgD/
pZfunK d/ N'N-N'N/ eotk e/ rbK ftu jko g[nkJ/ go Xow
/
Bjh_ jkfonk. fJBQK d/ nd[Zsh s/ f;de Go/ ekoBkfwnK
dh :kdrko nZ i th bkj" o ftu ªFjhd rz i f;z x K-

nr;s 2013

f;zxDhnK« d/ BK «s/ ekfJw j?. fJBQK d/ f;Zyh nkuoB s/
f;Zyh ihtB ftu gfogZesk ;dek T[BQK B{z :kd eod/ j'J/
n;h_ o'}kBk nodk; ftu gVQd/ jKL ªfiBQK f;zxK f;zxDhnK
B/ Xow bJh ;h; fdZsH/ HH f;Zyh e/;K ;[nk;K Bkb fBpkjh,
fsBQK dh ewkJh dk fXnkB Xo e/, ykb;k ih p'b' ih
tkfjr[o{.«
g[oksB f;Zy fJfsjk; d/ gzfBnK B{z T[bNkfJnK
j'o nB/eK pjkdo thoKrDK d/ BK ;kjwD/ nkT[_d/ jB
fiBQK B/ db/oh s/ nkgD/ T[u/ fJ]bke dh pd"bs nkT[D
Z
tkbhnK ghVQhnK bJh g{oB/ gkJ/ jB. phph ;stzs e"o
B/ t?ohnK d/ ftu ofj e/, r[o{ d/ UN-nk;o/ Bkb nkgDh
fJZ}s B{z wfjc{} oZfynk ;h. phph ;[doh (;[do e"o), phph
z
z
db/o e"o s/ phph joFoB e"o B/ f;Zy oki dhnK n"eVK
;w/_ ikB sbh «s/ Xo e/ pjkdoh d/ i"jo ftykJ/ ;B.
phph nB{g e"o B/ wb/oe'Nb/ d/ Btkp F/o w[jzwd yK d/
;?fBeK Bkb :[X ehsk ns/ nkgDk ihtB e"w bJh e[opkB
Z
eo fdZsk. wksk dhg e"o B/ fJ;sohnK B{z Grsh d/ BkbBkb F;soK Bkb b?; eoB dh f;ybkJh fdZsh ns/ T[BKQ
d/ wBK ftZu'_ tfjwK-GowK B{z eZY e/ f}zdrh dh fJe Bth_
fdFk fdZsh. Fk;e d/ o{g ftu okDh ;kfjp e"o (gfNnkb/
tkbh) dk BK okiBhfse y/so ftu pV/ wkD Bkb fbnk
iKdk j?. T[; B/ :[ZX d/ w?dkB ftu wojZNk c"i d/ eJh
wjkB BkfJeK B{ z nkgDh sbtko Bkb w" s d/ xkN
T[ s kfonk. ;odkoBh ;dk e" o nd[ Z s h pjkdoh s/
n;XkoB :'rsk dh wkbe ;h fi; B/ gzikp ftu ykb;k
oki dh ;EkgBk ftu nfjw :' r dkB gkfJnk ns/
xBZJhnk fw;b dh nrtkJh eofdnK T[; B/ :[X d/ w?dkB
Z
ftu d[FwDK d/ SZe/ S[vk fdZs. wjkokDh fizdK (wjkokik
/
oDihs f;zx dh Xow-gsBh) gzikp dh ;[ssosk B{z ekfJw
z
oZyD bJh f}zdrh Go nzro/}K Bkb ;zxoF eodh ojh.
T[; B/ nkgD/ g[Zso ezto dbhg f;zx (i' Jh;kJh wZs d/
gqGkt nXhB e/; eNtk u[ek ;h) B{z f;Zy Xow ftu tkg;
Z
nkT[D bJh gqf/ onk. fJ; s'_ pknd d/ ;w/_ ftu th wjkB
f;Zy fJ;sohnK (phph nkfrnk e"o, phph pbpho e"o,
phph GkrGoh, ;odkoBh Xow e"o, phph doFB e"o, phph
joBkw e"o, phph y/w e"o, phph oDihs e"o, phph okfizdo
e"o, phph oiBh, phph ;uB ;Zu ih, ekpb tkbh wkJh,
nkfd)4 j'JhnK jB fiBQK B/ j}koK e[opkBhnK d/ e/ f;oi/
fJ; wjkB f;Zy Xow s/ f;Zy fJfsjk; d/ fto;/ dh nkBFkB B{z poeoko oZyD bJh nkgDk :'rdkB fe;/ Bk fe;/
o{g ftu gkfJnk j? s/ gk ojhnK jB. fJjh ekoB j? fe
nZi th f;Zyh ihtB-iku XkoB eoB tkbhnK fJ;sohnK

(24)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


dk ;wki ftu ;EkB pj[s ;fseko:'r j?. ftdtkBK
d[nkok f;Zy fJ;sohnK dh d/D ;zpXh gqrNkJ/ ftuko nkg
z
Bkb ;KM/ eodh jKL ¿HHH;gFN j?, r[o{ wfjbK ns/ r[o{xo Bkb i[VhnK j'o f;Zy phphnK B/ nkg sK fJe ftF/
F G{fwek fBpkjh jh j?, Bkb jh T[BQK B/ nkgD/ feodko
Bkb ;w[Zuh fJ;soh iksh B{z th gq/fos ehsk. T[; ftu
fJe Bth_ u/sBk dk ;zuko ehsk, fJe Bth_ o{j c{e fdZsh.
T[; B{z ;wki ftu nkgD/ fjZ;/ dh T[uuh G{fwek fBGkT[D
/
bJh T[ s Fkfjs ehsk. n;b ftu r[ o { wfjb sK
fJ;sohnK d/ gqoBk-;o's s/ o'b-wkvb pD rJ/ ;B. T[j
/
nkgD/ ftjko okjh_, fJ;soh iksh fto[ZX ;dhnK s'_ ub/
nk oj/ ftseo/ Gog{o ;wkih tsho/ B{z u[Dsh d/ oj/ ;B
"
ns/ c/o god/ ftu ofjD tkbh fJ;soh bJh god/ s'_
pkjo fBeb e/ ;wki ftu nk}kd s/ yZbkQ ftuoB dk okj
[
gZXok eo oj/ ;B. gkpzdhnK B{z s'V e/ fJ;sohnK B{z
;zrs s/ gzrs dk ;orow fjZ;/dko pDk oj/ ;B. fJe
soQK Bkb fejk ikt/ sK T[BQK B/ fJ;sohnK dh w[esh dk,
T[BQK d/ ;[ssosk d/ nzd'bB dk w[Y pzfBQnk ;h ns/ T[BQK
z
Z
B{z g[oyK d/ pokpo fbnk yVQk eoB dh w[Ybh ;fEsh g?dk
Z
eo fdZsh ;h.¿i/eo r[o{ ekb ;w/_ d/ f;Zy ;wki tZb Mksh
wkohJ/ sK HHHnfijhnK wjkB fJ;sohnK Gkos d/
fJfsjk; «s/ T[ikro j'JhnK fdZ;dhnK jB fiBQK dk Bkw
T[ B Q K dh n}hw-T[ b -FkB F];hns ns/ d/ F e" w dh
ftrVh B{z ;ztkoB bJh ehshnK e[opkBhnK ekoB jw/FK
bJh ;[Bfjoh nZyoK ftu fbfynk iKdk oj/rk. id'_ f;Zy
;wki s/ oj[-ohsh ftu fJ;soh B{z wod d/ pokpo jh Bjh_
;r'_ T[BKQ s'_ th nZr/ ;wMD dh fgos g? rJh sK fJfsjk;
rtkj j? fe f;Zy ;{opho pZuhnK B/ nkgD/ gshnK, g[soK
Z
s/ GoktK Bkb w'Y/ Bkb w'Yk i'V e/ w?dkB-J/-izr ftu
d[FwDK d/ dzd yZN/ eoB ftu e;o Bjh_ SZvh.HHHr[o{
;kfjpkB tZb'_ do;kJ/ pokpoh d/ wkor «s/ uZbfdnK
j'fJnK f;Zy thoKrDK f}zdrh d/ jo y/so ftu g/F ojhnK
ns/ id th T[BKQ B{z nt;o fwfbnk T[BKQ B/ nkgDh nd[sh
Z
ekpbhns ns/ ftef;s j;sh dk nB{ g w gq d oFB
ehsk.Àf;Zy fJ;sohnK d/ :'rdkB B{z :kd eoBk ni'e/
;w/_ dh b'V nZi id'_ e[M f;Zy Xow d/ dodh fJeZm/ j' e/
p?md/ jB sK T[BKQ ;kjwD/ fJe rzGho ;wZf;nk fJj j[dh
z
j? fe f;Zy Xow B{z Ykj bZr ojh j? Gkt f;Zy B"itkB pZu/
s/ pZuhnK f;Zyh s'_ d{o j[d/ ik oj/ jB. T[j fJ; d/ ekoBK
z
pko/ ;'ud/ jB s/ ikDB dh e'fFF eod/ jB fe nkyo fJ;
froktN dh f}zw/tkoh fe; dh j?< fJ; froktN d/ eJh
ekoB j' ;ed/ jB, go ;kv/ ftuko nB[;ko ;kvhnK
p}[or fJ;sohnK dh f;Zfynk B/ f;Zy nkuoB dh T[;koh
ftu i' fjZ;k gkfJnk j?, T[; s'_ nZi f;Zy e"w tKMh j' rJh

nr;s 2013

j?. f;Zy fJ;sohnK dh ;jh nrtkJh dh nDj'd jh f;Zy
_
pZfunK s/ B"itkBK dk f;Zyh s'_ d{o ikD dk w[ZYbk ekoB
j? . fJ; bJh b' V j? fgSb/ fJfsjk; d/ gz f BnK B{ z
T[bNkT[D s/ T[; s'_ ;/X b?D dh. j[D f;Zy fJ;sohnK
B{z fco wkJh Gkr' ih tKr uVQdh ebk tkbk o'b ndk
eoBk ukjhdk j? sK fe G[Zb/ f;Zy B"itkB bVfenK s/
bVehnK B{z ;jh o;sk fdykfJnk ik ;e/ s/ r[owfs
wkor «s/ uZbD bJh gqoBk fdZsh ikt/. wktK nkgD/ pZfunK
/
B{z b'ohnK fdzd/ j'J/ ¿fBwy B fp;oT[ s[w eT[ jfo jfo
;dk Gij[ irdh;À dh n;h; d/D. pugB ftu jh r[o[
fJfsjk; s'_ ikD{ eotkT[D sK fe pZfunK d/ fdbK ftu
w[ZY s'_ jh nkgD/ f;Zy fto;/ dh ;opT[Zusk dk nfj;k;
g?dk j't. T[j wkD wfj;{; eoB fe n;h_ ;qh r[o{ BkBe
/
d/t ih-;qh r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih d/ f;Zy jK. go nfijk sK
jh ;zGt j' ;edk j? i/ f;Zy fJ;sohnK dk nkgDk fBZih
ihtB Bw{B/ dk j't/rk. i/ T[j nkg r[owfs d/ f;XKsK
s'_ ikD{ j'DrhnK s/ nwbh s"o «s/ T[j f;Zyh n;{bK
nB[;ko ihtB fpsk ojhnK j'DrhnK. i/ f;Zy fJ;sohnK
nkgD/ xoK ftu ;qh r[o{ rqE ;kfjp ih dh f;Zfynk B{z nZy_'
z
Ujb/ eo e/ nkg tfjwK-GowK ftu c;hnK j'JhnK jB,
tos oZ y dhnK, ;okX eokT[ _ d hnK, B" _ frq j K dh g{ i k
eodhnK, ;{se-gkse wzBdhnK ghoK dhnK w}koK «s/ d/
rK uVQkT[dhnK, r[rk g{idhnK, Xkr/-sths eotkT[dhnK,
_
Z
_
i'sFhnK iK pkfpnK s'_ gZ[SK gtkT[dhnK fcodhnK jB sK
_
T[BQK d/ XhnK-g[Zs eh f;ZyDr/ s/ nkT[D tkbhnK ghVhQnK
B{z eh f;Zfynk fwb/rh< T[j sK ][d jh }jkbs dh f}zdrh
p;o eo ojhnK jB.
fJj e"Vk ;Zu j? fe nZi ;kvhnK pj[shnK f;Zy
fJ;sohnK ][d jh e[okj/ gJhnK j'JhnK jB. T[j G[Zb
rJhnK jB fe ;qh r[o{ BkBe d/t ih B/ b'eK B{z tfjwKGowK, eow-eKvK, e[ohshnK s'_ ;]sh Bkb tofink ;h
go T[j fco ;kv/ ihtB ftu Fkwb j' rJhnK jB s/ fJ;
dh f}zw/tko th w[Zy s"o «s/ nZi dh f;Zy fJ;soh jh j?.
r[o{ ih dk j[ew j? fe ¿r[o{ dk f;Zy iBw s'_ b? e/ d/jKs
se r[o-wo:kdk eo/. f;Zy dh nkw ofjDh, feosftos
r[owfs nB[;ko j't/.À fJ; bJh nkgK B{z f;Zy ofjs
wo:kdk ftu dZ;h ªr[owfs ofjDh« B{z ikDBk }o{oh j?
sK fe T[; o'FBh ftu nkgDk ihtB Ykb ;ehJ/ s/ pZfunK
B{z th r[o{ dh f;Zfynk d/JhJ/. fJ; s'_ fpBK r[opkDh «s/
nXkos j'o fdFk-fBod/F, fijV/ f;Zy ofjs wo:kdk
ftu ªFy;h s/ gzEe ofjDh« f;ob/yK nXhB fby/ jB, T[BKQ
nB[ ; ko f;Z y fJ;sohnK Bz { nkgDk ihtB-ftT[ j ko
ubkT[Dk ukjhdk j? s/ j'oBK bJh th nkdoF pDBk
ukjhdk j?.

(25)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


r[ o pkDh ;z e / s e" F -8
nm;fm shoE L- fjzd{ wB"s nB[;ko nm;fm
shoEK dk fJFBkB w[esh-dksk wzfBnk frnk j? fJj
g[okD/ iwkB/ d/ Xow-e/do ;B fiE/ ik e/ :kso{ fJFBkB
I
eod/ s/ gz[B eoe/ nkgDh nkswk ~ gftZso eod/ ;B.
fJ; ftFkb d/F ftu p/ns shoE jB. ws;: g[okD ftu
z
2221 dZ;/ jB. GftF: g[okD d/ Bkr yzv ftu fJj
frDsh j'o soQK j?. gozs{ tX/o/ gqf;ZX 68 jB. efgb szsq
nB[;ko nmkjm shoE fJj jB LUnzeko, n:[ZfXnk, ntzfsek, J/oktsh (okth)
Fs[dq{, ;o;tsh, ;o:{, f;zX,[ fFgqk, F'D, ;qh F?b, ;qh ozr,
jfodtko, egkb w'uB, efgb'de, eKFh, eKuh, ekbzio,
ekt/ o h, e[ o y/ s q , e/ d koBkE e" f Feh, r:k, r' - eoD,
r'dktoh, r'wsh, r'toXB, rzrk ;kro, rzve, xkxok,
uowBtsh, fusqe{N, uzdqGkrk, irBBkE, itkbk w[yh,
skgsh, skgq goDh, s[ z r Gdq k , dFk;P w / X , fdq F dtsh,
dtkfoek, Xkok, Bowdk, BkrshoE, B?fw;, g[Feo, gq:kr
(fsqt/Dh ;zrw), fgqE{de, pdoh BkokfJD, Gdq/Fto,
Ghw/Fto, fGqr s[r, wjKekb, wjKp'fX, wEok, wkB;o'to,
z
wk:kg[oh, wzdkfeBh, :w[Bk, okw/Fto, fts;sk, ftzX:,
ft:k;, ftwb/ ; to, t/ D k, t/ s q t sh, t? F Bth ns/
t?d:BkE. i?BhnK s/ p'XhnK d/ shoE fJBQK s'I fGzB jB.
r[o{ rqzE nB[;ko nmkjm shoE fiBQK ~ w[esh d/D tkb/
ns/ Xow-gftZso wzfBnk frnk j?, T[j th gowkswk d/
r[D rkT[d/ jB. fJ; bJh e/tb Bkw jh w[eshdksk j?.
I
rktfB s[XB' osB T[gkJ/
s/ o / nm;fm shoE Bkb/ . .27.. (ig[ )
@ig[# ftu Bkw ;qtDBkb nmkjm shoEK dk g[B
z
df;nk j?. r[owfs nB[;ko Bkw jh shoE j? fi; Bkb
wB gftZso j[zdk j? L;[ f Dn? nm;fm ek fJ;BkB[ ..10..
shofE BktD ikT[ shoE[ Bkw[ j? . .
shoE[ ;pd phuko[ nz s fo frnkB[ j? . .
(XBk;oh 1, gzBk 687)
nmkojK g[ o kD
g[okD dk b}h noE j?- gqkuhB Gkt gozgokrs
g[oksB eEk-ejkDhnK. ;' @g[okD# ;z;feqs ftu fby/ T[j
rqE jB fiBQK ftu Gkos-toF dk pj[ GKsk frnkB-Gzvko
z
;zfus j?. fJBQK ftu ;BksBh ws wsKso, pqjwzv ouBk,
f;qFNh g[oksB okfinK ns/ foFhnK dhnK eEktK, Xkowe
ofjs wo:kdk, g{ik T[gk;Bk, :Zr, Bhsh, doFB ns/

nr;s 2013
;0 fgnkok f;zx @gdw#

eJh gqeko d/ GkJhukoe ns/ okiBhse ftXkB nzfes
jB. ftF~ g[okD nB[;ko fi; ftu 1H f;FNh-T[sgsh,
2H gqb?, 3H d/tfsnK s/ fgsoK dh pz;ktbh, 4H wB[ oki/ dk
fpqsKs, 5H ;{oi-pz;h s/ uzdq pz;h okfinK dk jkb-gzi
gq;zr j'D, T[j gqokD j?.
nmkoK g[okD ftu jB - pqjw, gdw, ftFD{,
fFt, Gkrts, woezv/:, nrfB, Bkod, pqjw, t?tos,
fbzr, tokj, ;ezd, tkwB, e{ow, ws;:, ro[V, pqjwKv
s/ GftF:. fJ; s'I fJbktk 18 T[g g[okD th wzB/ rJ/ jB
- d/ t h Gkrts, ;Bs e[ w ko, Bkodh:, Bko f;z x ,
d[otk;k, efgb, wkBt, n"FB;, to[D, ekfbe, FKp, Bzdk,
F"o, gkokFo, nkfds:, wkj/Fto, Gkort s/ tkfF;m.
d; nm g[ o kD shoE o; ehnk..
(r"v epho, gzBk 872)
p/ d g[ o kB f;z w q f s ;[ X kyo..
ehB/ okw Bkw fJe nkyo..
(rT[Vh ;[ywBh 5, gzBk 262)


(26)

Bthnk_ T[wzrk_, Bthnk_ sozrk_,
wBk_ ªu Bth_ fuDr irkJhJ/.
;ko/ gVQD, ;ko/ fbyD, ;ko/ tXD,
d/F nkgD/ B{z ;tor pDkJhJ/.
d/F Grsk_ B{z eohJ/ :kd,
Bth_ F[o{nks dk fprb tikJhJ/.
fGqFNkuko s/ XZe/Fkjh dh,
d/F d/ ftu'_ nby w[ekJhJ/.
nkU, nk}kdh fdt; wBkJhJ/

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e

nr;s 2013


f;Zy Xkowe gqFB'Isoh

- o/ D { e k ;opihs f;z x

gqFB L @nG/ # s/ @nG? # ftu eh nz s o j? <
T[Zso L G/ dk Gkt j? G/d iK G/s. nG/ Gkt gqG{ dk G/s
e'Jh BjhI gk ;edk. G? dk Gkt j? vo. nG? Gkt
gqG{ fe;/ s'I th BjhI vodk.
gqFB L @nGhs# dk eh wspb j? <
T[Zso L pj[s tkoh Ghs d/ noE gV/ go fco G[b iKd/
;B. Ghfs dk noE ezX, dhtko th ehs/ iKd/
jB. go fJE/ Ghfs dk Gkt j? vo. gowkswk ~
fe;/ dk vo BjhI. (nGhs j?I..)
fet/I :kd oyhJ/ < fJZe G?D ih p'b gJ/ - fit/I G?Ghs j'Dk, vo ikDk. j[D ed/ BjhI G[brk nGhs
/
dk noE.
gqFB L @nBz s # s/ @wjz s # dk eh Gkt j? <
T[Zso L nBOnzs - fi;dk nzs BjhI bfGnk ik ;edk i'
p/nzs j? . (nBzs j?I..)
wjzs - wjkBOnzs - fi;dk nzs pVk wjkB j?,
tZvk j?, pj[s tZvk j? Gkt gowkswk. (wjzs
j?..)
I
gqFB L eh ikg[ ;kfjp nB[;ko gqwkswk @nS{s# j? <
T[Zso L ewkb j? ! d[fBnkthI s"o s/ nS{s ~ BhtK wfBnk
iKdk j? go r[o{ r'fpzd f;zx ih sK gowkswk ~
th nS{s efjzd/ jB. nS{s Gkt s?~ e'Jh S{j
(touch) BjhI ;edk. gowkswk ~ e'Jh th S{j
BjhI ;edk (nS{s jI?.)
gqFB L @gq G z r h gq w kE/ # eh j? <
T[Zso L gq dk Gkt j? uzrh soQK.
gqG{ Ÿ gq O G{ Ÿ uzrh j'd tkbk Gkt ;G s'I tZvk
I
gqDk; Ÿ gq O Dk; Ÿ uzrh soQK Bkw eoB tkbk
gqirs/ Ÿ gq O i[rs/ Ÿ uzrh soQK fwfbnk j'fJnk
[
gqG'r/ Ÿ gq O G'rh Ÿ uzrh soQK wkBD tkbk.
fJ;/ soQK gqGzrh dk noE j? - gq O Gzr - uzrh
soQK BkF eoB tkbk ns/ gqwkE/ Gkt gqOwkE/ uzrh soQk foVeBtkbk Gkt d[y d/D tkbk, s;hj/
Z
d/D tkbk. (gqGzrh gqwkE/.. ;w;sh fpG{s/..)
gqFB L ikg[ ;kfjp ftu gow o{g/..HHHH gow f;ZX/..
HHH gow frnksk.. gow i[rs/.. d/ eh noE

T[Zso L

gqFB L
T[Zso L

gqFB L
T[Zso L

gqFB L
T[Zso L

(27)

jB <
gow dk Gkt j? ;G s' I T[ u k, F/ q F m. fit/ I
gowihs Bkw pj[ s jh gq u fbs j? . r[ o { ih
c[owKd/ jB fe nekb g[oy j? L
gow o{g? - T[;dh j;sh ;G s'I T[uh j?. (Bw'
oki oki/;Poz gow o{g?..)
gow f;ZX/ - T[j T[uh nksfwe nt;Ek tkbk f;ZX
Z
j?. (gow f;ZX/..)
gow frnksk - ;G d/ fdbK ~ uzrh soQK ikDdk
j?. (Bw' gow frnksk..)
gow i[rs/ - ;G s'I ;[Zui/ sohe/ tkbk j?. (Bw'
i'r i'r/;Poz gow i[rs/..)
@nyZ b i' r / # dk eh Gkt j? <
i'r dk Gkt j? i[VBk, w/b. nyZb dk Gkt j? ;kok, w[ezwb.
nyZb dk Gkt jo tkoh G[b iKdk ;h. fJ; tko
ftuko eofdnK c[oBk c[fonk e/ fit/I e[M ;z;EktK
dk Bkw j? nfyb Gkoshnk HHH Gkt ;w;s d/F
dh. ;' @nyZb i'r/# Gkt gqG{ ;ko/ irs Bkb
fwfbnk j?. (nyZb i'r/..)
@o;kb# dk eh Gkt j? <
o;kb dk Gkt o; dk xo, o; dk ;'wk. o; O
nkb: fit/I g[;seK dk xo j[zdk j? - g[;se O
nkb: Ÿ g[;sekbk.
g[oksB b'e w?r}hBK ~ o;kbk th efjzd/ ;B
feT[fI e fJjBK ftZu o; Gog{o r[owfs b/y j[zd/
;B. (iZsq sZsq fpokijh ntX{s o{g o;kb..)
ikg[ ;kfjp ftZ u @n;/ y # dk noE fet/ I :kd
oyhJ/ <
;/y Gkt ezwh, T[ekJh . n;/y - gqG{ ftZu ewhI
BjhI, T[ekJh BjhI. :kd fet/I eohJ/ < fJZe tho
B/ fejk fe ;/y fuZbh n;b ftZu g{ok BjhI j[zdk
n?tI/ g{o/ j'D dk Gow gkbdk j?, rZgK wkodk j?.
n;/y dk Gkt fi; ftZu e'Jh ;/y BjhI, g{ok j?,
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gzikph ;[wB wkf;e

nr;s 2013


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(28)

nr;s 2013
- Harkrishan Singh Puneet, U.K.


-13

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e

(29)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e


nr;s 2013

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gzikph ;[wB wkf;e

nr;s 2013


!

;[wB tor gj/bh - 14

21 nr;s se fwbD tkb/ ;jh itkp s/ 500 o{ 0 d/ fJBkw fdZ s / ikDr/ . fJe s' I finkdk ;jh itkp j' D s/
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(31)

gzikph ;[wB wkf;e

nr;s 2013


nghb

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