The colon is used to introduce a list, explanation, or quotation that is related to the preceding sentence. It acts as a gateway between the main clause and what follows. A colon can be used when the sentence comes to a natural pause before the list, explanation, or quotation. It would not be used if the sentence flows directly into the listing without any pause. The presentation provides examples of correct colon usage and explains the main uses of the colon in sentence construction.

1. The Colon: a
sentence
gateway
The colon comes at a point in the sentence
where the sentence could come to a complete
stop.
I’m going to tell you the names of my
favorite breakfast foods.
We could even put a period after
the word “foods,” couldn’t we? In
fact, we did.
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2. The Colon: a
sentence
gateway
We know, however, what’s going to come
after this period.
I’m going to tell you the names of my
favorite breakfast foods.
That’s right, a LIST of
breakfast foods.
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3. The Colon: a
sentence
gateway
I’m going to tell you the names of my
:
favorite breakfast foods meuslix,
cornflakes, oatmeal, grits and gravy,
and yogurt on toast.
And the proper punctuation mark to
set off this list from what precedes it
is a colon. The colon “announces”
that a list is about to follow; it is the
gateway to that list.
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4. The Colon: a
sentence
gateway
My favorite breakfast foods are
meuslix, cornflakes, oatmeal, grits and
gravy, and yogurt on toast.
Would I use a colon in the sentence
above?
No, because the sentence does not come
to a halt here.
Instead, the sentence flows right into the list.
A colon would not be appropriate here.
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5. The Colon: a
sentence
gateway
Examine this next sentence carefully.
Our math tutor wants just one thing
from us that we try our best.
Here, we have an independent
thought (ending with “us”).
followed by another kind of
completer (a noun clause).
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6. The Colon: a
sentence
gateway
To set off this completer, this
explanation, we can use a colon.
Our math tutor wants just one thing
:
from us that we try our best.
These are the two main uses of the colon:
to set off a list or an explanation that we
know is about to follow the main part of
the sentence.
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7. The Colon: a
sentence
gateway
We also use the colon to set
off a formal quotation.
My father was always using his
favorite quotation from Yogi
Berra: “It ain’t over till it’s over.”
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8. The Colon: a
sentence
gateway
Just remember that you usually know what
is going to follow a colon: a list, an
explanation, or a formal quotation.
You have now mastered the uses of the colon, a
very handy device in the punctuation of your
sentences. Don’t forget to take the quizzes on
punctuation listed on the Quiz List page of the
Guide to Grammar and Writing.
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9. This PowerPoint presentation was created by
Charles Darling, PhD
Professor of English and Webmaster
Capital Community College
Hartford, Connecticut
copyright November 1999
© Capital Community College

10. This PowerPoint presentation was created by
Charles Darling, PhD
Professor of English and Webmaster
Capital Community College
Hartford, Connecticut
copyright November 1999
© Capital Community College